(* Title: HOL/Examples/Adhoc_Overloading.thy
Author: Christian Sternagel
*)
section
‹Ad Hoc
Overloading›
theory Adhoc_Overloading
imports
Main
"HOL-Library.Infinite_Set"
begin
text ‹Adhoc
overloading allows
to overload a constant depending on
its type. Typically this involves
to introduce an uninterpreted
constant (used
for input
and output)
and then add some variants (used
internally).
›
subsection
‹Plain Ad Hoc
Overloading›
text ‹Consider the type of first-order terms.
›
datatype (
'a, 'b)
"term" =
Var
'b |
Fun 'a "('a,
'b) term list"
text ‹The set of variables of a
term might be computed as follows.
›
fun term_vars ::
"('a, 'b) term \ 'b set" where
"term_vars (Var x) = {x}" |
"term_vars (Fun f ts) = \(set (map term_vars ts))"
text ‹However,
also for \emph{rules} (i.e., pairs of terms)
and term
rewrite systems (i.e., sets of rules), the set of variables makes
sense.
Thus we introduce an unspecified constant
‹vars
›.
›
consts vars ::
"'a \ 'b set"
text ‹Which
is then overloaded with variants
for terms, rules,
and TRSs.
›
adhoc_overloading
vars
⇌ term_vars
value [nbe]
"vars (Fun ''f'' [Var 0, Var 1])"
fun rule_vars ::
"('a, 'b) term \ ('a, 'b) term \ 'b set" where
"rule_vars (l, r) = vars l \ vars r"
adhoc_overloading
vars
⇌ rule_vars
value [nbe]
"vars (Var 1, Var 0)"
definition trs_vars ::
"(('a, 'b) term \ ('a, 'b) term) set \ 'b set" where
"trs_vars R = \(rule_vars ` R)"
adhoc_overloading
vars
⇌ trs_vars
value [nbe]
"vars {(Var 1, Var 0)}"
text ‹Sometimes it
is necessary
to add explicit type constraints
before a variant can be determined.
›
(*value "vars R" (*has multiple instances*)*)
value "vars (R :: (('a, 'b) term \ ('a, 'b) term) set)"
text ‹It
is also possible
to remove variants.
›
no_adhoc_overloading
vars
⇌ term_vars rule_vars
(*value "vars (Var 1)" (*does not have an instance*)*)
text ‹As stated earlier, the
overloaded constant
is only used
for
input
and output. Internally, always a variant
is used, as can be
observed
by the configuration option
‹show_variants
›.
›
adhoc_overloading
vars
⇌ term_vars
declare [[show_variants]]
term "vars (Var 1)" (*which yields: "term_vars (Var 1)"*)
subsection
‹Adhoc
Overloading inside Locales
›
text ‹As example we
use permutations that are parametrized over an
atom type
🍋‹'a\.\
definition perms ::
"('a \ 'a) set" where
"perms = {f. bij f \ finite {x. f x \ x}}"
typedef 'a perm = "perms :: ('a
==> 'a) set"
by standard (auto simp: perms_def)
text ‹First we need some auxiliary
lemmas.
›
lemma permsI [Pure.intro]:
assumes "bij f" and "MOST x. f x = x"
shows "f \ perms"
using assms
by (auto simp: perms_def) (metis MOST_iff_finiteNeg)
lemma perms_imp_bij:
"f \ perms \ bij f"
by (simp add: perms_def)
lemma perms_imp_MOST_eq:
"f \ perms \ MOST x. f x = x"
by (simp add: perms_def) (metis MOST_iff_finiteNeg)
lemma id_perms [simp]:
"id \ perms"
"(\x. x) \ perms"
by (auto simp: perms_def bij_def)
lemma perms_comp [simp]:
assumes f:
"f \ perms" and g:
"g \ perms"
shows "(f \ g) \ perms"
apply (intro permsI bij_comp)
apply (rule perms_imp_bij [OF g])
apply (rule perms_imp_bij [OF f])
apply (rule MOST_rev_mp [OF perms_imp_MOST_eq [OF g]])
apply (rule MOST_rev_mp [OF perms_imp_MOST_eq [OF f]])
by simp
lemma perms_inv:
assumes f:
"f \ perms"
shows "inv f \ perms"
apply (rule permsI)
apply (rule bij_imp_bij_inv)
apply (rule perms_imp_bij [OF f])
apply (rule MOST_mono [OF perms_imp_MOST_eq [OF f]])
apply (erule subst, rule inv_f_f)
apply (rule bij_is_inj [OF perms_imp_bij [OF f]])
done
lemma bij_Rep_perm:
"bij (Rep_perm p)"
using Rep_perm [of p]
unfolding perms_def
by simp
instantiation perm :: (type) group_add
begin
definition "0 = Abs_perm id"
definition "- p = Abs_perm (inv (Rep_perm p))"
definition "p + q = Abs_perm (Rep_perm p \ Rep_perm q)"
definition "(p1::'a perm) - p2 = p1 + - p2"
lemma Rep_perm_0:
"Rep_perm 0 = id"
unfolding zero_perm_def
by (simp add: Abs_perm_inverse)
lemma Rep_perm_add:
"Rep_perm (p1 + p2) = Rep_perm p1 \ Rep_perm p2"
unfolding plus_perm_def
by (simp add: Abs_perm_inverse Rep_perm)
lemma Rep_perm_uminus:
"Rep_perm (- p) = inv (Rep_perm p)"
unfolding uminus_perm_def
by (simp add: Abs_perm_inverse perms_inv Rep_perm)
instance
apply standard
unfolding Rep_perm_inject [symmetric]
unfolding minus_perm_def
unfolding Rep_perm_add
unfolding Rep_perm_uminus
unfolding Rep_perm_0
apply (simp_all add: o_assoc inv_o_cancel [OF bij_is_inj [OF bij_Rep_perm]])
done
end
lemmas Rep_perm_simps =
Rep_perm_0
Rep_perm_add
Rep_perm_uminus
section
‹Permutation
Types›
text ‹We want
to be able
to apply permutations
to arbitrary
types.
To
this
end we introduce a constant
‹PERMUTE
› together
with
convenient
infix syntax.
›
consts PERMUTE ::
"'a perm \ 'b \ 'b" (
infixr ‹∙› 75)
text ‹Then we add a
locale for types 🍋‹'b\ that support
appliciation of permutations.
›
locale permute =
fixes permute ::
"'a perm \ 'b \ 'b"
assumes permute_zero [simp]:
"permute 0 x = x"
and permute_plus [simp]:
"permute (p + q) x = permute p (permute q x)"
begin
adhoc_overloading
PERMUTE
⇌ permute
end
text ‹Permuting atoms.
›
definition permute_atom ::
"'a perm \ 'a \ 'a" where
"permute_atom p a = (Rep_perm p) a"
adhoc_overloading
PERMUTE
⇌ permute_atom
interpretation atom_permute: permute permute_atom
by standard (simp_all add: permute_atom_def Rep_perm_simps)
text ‹Permuting permutations.
›
definition permute_perm ::
"'a perm \ 'a perm \ 'a perm" where
"permute_perm p q = p + q - p"
adhoc_overloading
PERMUTE
⇌ permute_perm
interpretation perm_permute: permute permute_perm
apply standard
unfolding permute_perm_def
apply simp
apply (simp only: diff_conv_add_uminus minus_add add.assoc)
done
text ‹Permuting functions.
›
locale fun_permute =
dom: permute perm1 + ran: permute perm2
for perm1 ::
"'a perm \ 'b \ 'b"
and perm2 ::
"'a perm \ 'c \ 'c"
begin
adhoc_overloading
PERMUTE
⇌ perm1 perm2
definition permute_fun ::
"'a perm \ ('b \ 'c) \ ('b \ 'c)" where
"permute_fun p f = (\x. p \ (f (-p \ x)))"
adhoc_overloading
PERMUTE
⇌ permute_fun
end
sublocale fun_permute
⊆ permute permute_fun
by (unfold_locales, auto simp: permute_fun_def)
(metis dom.permute_plus minus_add)
lemma "(Abs_perm id :: nat perm) \ Suc 0 = Suc 0"
unfolding permute_atom_def
by (metis Rep_perm_0 id_apply zero_perm_def)
interpretation atom_fun_permute: fun_permute permute_atom permute_atom
by (unfold_locales)
adhoc_overloading
PERMUTE
⇌ atom_fun_permute.permute_fun
lemma "(Abs_perm id :: 'a perm) \ id = id"
unfolding atom_fun_permute.permute_fun_def
unfolding permute_atom_def
by (metis Rep_perm_0 id_def inj_imp_inv_eq inj_on_id uminus_perm_def zero_perm_def)
end