(* *) (* Formalisation of the chapter on Logical Relations *) (* and a Case Study in Equivalence Checking *) (* by Karl Crary from the book on Advanced Topics in *) (* Types and Programming Languages, MIT Press 2005 *)
(* The formalisation was done by Julien Narboux and *) (* Christian Urban. *)
lemma lookup_fresh: fixes z::"name" assumes a: "z\\""z\x" shows"z\ lookup \ x" using a by (induct rule: lookup.induct)
(auto simp: fresh_list_cons)
lemma lookup_fresh': assumes a: "z\\" shows"lookup \ z = Var z" using a by (induct rule: lookup.induct)
(auto simp: fresh_list_cons fresh_prod fresh_atm)
lemma subst_eqvt[eqvt]: fixes pi::"name prm" shows"pi\(t[x::=t']) = (pi\t)[(pi\x)::=(pi\t')]" by (nominal_induct t avoiding: x t' rule: trm.strong_induct)
(perm_simp add: fresh_bij)+
lemma subst_rename: fixes c::"name" assumes a: "c\t\<^sub>1" shows"t\<^sub>1[a::=t\<^sub>2] = ([(c,a)]\t\<^sub>1)[c::=t\<^sub>2]" using a by (nominal_induct t🚫1 avoiding: a c t🚫2 rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: trm.inject calc_atm fresh_atm abs_fresh perm_nat_def)
lemma fresh_psubst: fixes z::"name" assumes a: "z\t""z\\" shows"z\(\)" using a by (nominal_induct t avoiding: z θ t rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: abs_fresh lookup_fresh)
lemma fresh_subst'': fixes z::"name" assumes"z\t\<^sub>2" shows"z\t\<^sub>1[z::=t\<^sub>2]" using assms by (nominal_induct t🚫1 avoiding: t🚫2 z rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: abs_fresh fresh_nat fresh_atm)
lemma fresh_subst': fixes z::"name" assumes"z\[y].t\<^sub>1""z\t\<^sub>2" shows"z\t\<^sub>1[y::=t\<^sub>2]" using assms by (nominal_induct t🚫1 avoiding: y t🚫2 z rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: abs_fresh fresh_nat fresh_atm)
lemma fresh_subst: fixes z::"name" assumes a: "z\t\<^sub>1""z\t\<^sub>2" shows"z\t\<^sub>1[y::=t\<^sub>2]" using a by (auto simp: fresh_subst' abs_fresh)
lemma fresh_psubst_simp: assumes"x\t" shows"((x,u)#\) = \" using assms proof (nominal_induct t avoiding: x u θ rule: trm.strong_induct) case (Lam y t x u) have fs: "y\\""y\x""y\u"by fact+ moreoverhave"x\ Lam [y].t"by fact ultimatelyhave"x\t"by (simp add: abs_fresh fresh_atm) moreoverhave ih:"\n T. n\t \ ((n,T)#\) = \"by fact ultimatelyhave"((x,u)#\) = \"by auto moreoverhave"((x,u)#\) = Lam [y].(((x,u)#\))"using fs by (simp add: fresh_list_cons fresh_prod) moreoverhave" \ = Lam [y]. (\)"using fs by simp ultimatelyshow"((x,u)#\) = \"by auto qed (auto simp: fresh_atm abs_fresh)
lemma forget: fixes x::"name" assumes a: "x\t" shows"t[x::=t'] = t" using a by (nominal_induct t avoiding: x t' rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: fresh_atm abs_fresh)
lemma subst_fun_eq: fixes u::trm assumes h:"[x].t\<^sub>1 = [y].t\<^sub>2" shows"t\<^sub>1[x::=u] = t\<^sub>2[y::=u]" proof -
{ assume"x=y"and"t\<^sub>1=t\<^sub>2" thenhave ?thesis using h by simp
} moreover
{ assume h1:"x \ y"and h2:"t\<^sub>1=[(x,y)] \ t\<^sub>2"and h3:"x \ t\<^sub>2" thenhave"([(x,y)] \ t\<^sub>2)[x::=u] = t\<^sub>2[y::=u]"by (simp add: subst_rename) thenhave ?thesis using h2 by simp
} ultimatelyshow ?thesis using alpha h by blast qed
lemma psubst_empty[simp]: shows"[] = t" by (nominal_induct t rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: fresh_list_nil)
lemma psubst_subst_psubst: assumes h:"c\\" shows"\[c::=s] = ((c,s)#\)" using h by (nominal_induct t avoiding: θ c s rule: trm.strong_induct)
(auto simp: fresh_list_cons fresh_atm forget lookup_fresh lookup_fresh' fresh_psubst)
lemma subst_fresh_simp: assumes a: "x\\" shows"\ = Var x" using a by (induct θ arbitrary: x) (auto simp:fresh_list_cons fresh_prod fresh_atm)
lemma psubst_subst_propagate: assumes"x\\" shows"\ = \[x::=\]" using assms proof (nominal_induct t avoiding: x u θ rule: trm.strong_induct) case (Var n x u θ)
{ assume"x=n" moreoverhave"x\\"by fact ultimatelyhave"\ = \[x::=\]"using subst_fresh_simp by auto
} moreover
{ assume h:"x\n" thenhave"x\Var n"by (auto simp: fresh_atm) moreoverhave"x\\"by fact ultimatelyhave"x\\"using fresh_psubst by blast thenhave" \[x::=\] = \"using forget by auto thenhave"\ = \[x::=\]"using h by auto
} ultimatelyshow ?caseby auto next case (Lam n t x u θ) have fs:"n\x""n\u""n\\""x\\"by fact+ have ih:"\ y s \. y\\ \ ((\<(t[y::=s])>) = ((\)[y::=(\)]))"by fact have"\ <(Lam [n].t)[x::=u]> = \"using fs by auto thenhave"\ <(Lam [n].t)[x::=u]> = Lam [n]. \"using fs by auto moreoverhave"\ = \[x::=\]"using ih fs by blast ultimatelyhave"\ <(Lam [n].t)[x::=u]> = Lam [n].(\[x::=\])"by auto moreoverhave"Lam [n].(\[x::=\]) = (Lam [n].\)[x::=\]"using fs fresh_psubst by auto ultimatelyhave"\<(Lam [n].t)[x::=u]> = (Lam [n].\)[x::=\]"using fs by auto thenshow"\<(Lam [n].t)[x::=u]> = \[x::=\]"using fs by auto qed (auto)
lemma valid_monotonicity[elim]: fixes Γ Γ' :: Ctxt assumes a: "\ \ \'" and b: "x\\'" shows"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ (x,T\<^sub>1)#\'" using a b by auto
lemma fresh_context: fixes Γ :: "Ctxt" and a :: "name" assumes"a\\" shows"\(\\::ty. (a,\)\set \)" using assms by (induct Γ)
(auto simp: fresh_prod fresh_list_cons fresh_atm)
lemma type_unicity_in_context: assumes a: "valid \" and b: "(x,T\<^sub>1) \ set \" and c: "(x,T\<^sub>2) \ set \" shows"T\<^sub>1=T\<^sub>2" using a b c by (induct Γ)
(auto dest!: fresh_context)
abbreviation
nf :: "trm \ bool" (‹_ ↝|› [100] 100) where "t\| \ \(\ u. t \ u)"
inductive
whn_def :: "trm\trm\bool" (‹_ ⇓ _› [80,80] 80) where
QAN_Reduce[intro]: "\s \ t; t \ u\ \ s \ u"
| QAN_Normal[intro]: "t\| \ t \ t"
declare trm.inject[simp]
inductive_cases whn_inv_auto[elim]: "t \ t'"
declare trm.inject[simp del]
equivariance whn_def
lemma red_unicity : assumes a: "x \ a" and b: "x \ b" shows"a=b" using a b by (induct arbitrary: b) (use subst_fun_eq in blast)+
lemma nf_unicity : assumes"x \ a"and"x \ b" shows"a=b" using assms proof (induct arbitrary: b) case (QAN_Reduce x t a b) have h:"x \ t""t \ a"by fact+ have ih:"\b. t \ b \ a = b"by fact obtain t' where "x \ t'" and hl:"t' \ b" using h \x \ b\ by auto thenhave"t=t'"using h red_unicity by auto thenshow"a=b"using ih hl by auto qed (auto)
section‹Algorithmic Term Equivalence and Algorithmic Path Equivalence›
inductive
alg_equiv :: "Ctxt\trm\trm\ty\bool" (‹_ ⊨ _ ⇔ _ : _› [60,60,60,60] 60) and
alg_path_equiv :: "Ctxt\trm\trm\ty\bool" (‹_ ⊨ _ ↔ _ : _› [60,60,60,60] 60) where
QAT_Base[intro]: "\s \ p; t \ q; \ \ p \ q : TBase\ \ \ \ s \ t : TBase"
| QAT_Arrow[intro]: "\x\(\,s,t); (x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App s (Var x) \ App t (Var x) : T\<^sub>2\ ==> Γ ⊨ s ⇔ t : T🚫1 → T🚫2"
| QAT_One[intro]: "valid \ \ \ \ s \ t : TUnit"
| QAP_Var[intro]: "\valid \;(x,T) \ set \\ \ \ \ Var x \ Var x : T"
| QAP_App[intro]: "\\ \ p \ q : T\<^sub>1 \ T\<^sub>2; \ \ s \ t : T\<^sub>1\ \ \ \ App p s \ App q t : T\<^sub>2"
| QAP_Const[intro]: "valid \ \ \ \ Const n \ Const n : TBase"
equivariance alg_equiv
nominal_inductive alg_equiv avoids QAT_Arrow: x by simp_all
"\ \ Var x \ t : T" "\ \ Var x \ t : T'" "\ \ s \ Var x : T" "\ \ s \ Var x : T'" "\ \ Const n \ t : T" "\ \ s \ Const n : T" "\ \ App p s \ t : T" "\ \ s \ App q t : T" "\ \ Lam[x].s \ t : T" "\ \ t \ Lam[x].s : T"
lemma Q_Arrow_strong_inversion: assumes fs: "x\\""x\t""x\u" and h: "\ \ t \ u : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2" shows"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App t (Var x) \ App u (Var x) : T\<^sub>2" proof - obtain y where fs2: "y\(\,t,u)"and"(y,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App t (Var y) \ App u (Var y) : T\<^sub>2" using h by auto thenhave"([(x,y)]\((y,T\<^sub>1)#\)) \ [(x,y)]\ App t (Var y) \ [(x,y)]\ App u (Var y) : T\<^sub>2" using alg_equiv.eqvt[simplified] by blast thenshow ?thesis using fs fs2 by (perm_simp) qed
(* Warning this lemma is false:
lemma algorithmic_type_unicity: shows "\<lbrakk> \<Gamma> \<turnstile> s \<Leftrightarrow> t : T ; \<Gamma> \<turnstile> s \<Leftrightarrow> u : T' \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> T = T'" and "\<lbrakk> \<Gamma> \<turnstile> s \<leftrightarrow> t : T ; \<Gamma> \<turnstile> s \<leftrightarrow> u : T' \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> T = T'"
Here is the counter example : \<Gamma> \<turnstile> Const n \<Leftrightarrow> Const n : Tbase and \<Gamma> \<turnstile> Const n \<Leftrightarrow> Const n : TUnit
*)
lemma algorithmic_path_type_unicity: shows"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ s \ u : T' \ T = T'" proof (induct arbitrary: u T'
rule: alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.inducts(2) [of _ _ _ _ _ "%a b c d . True" ]) case (QAP_Var Γ x T u T') have"\ \ Var x \ u : T'"by fact thenhave"u=Var x"and"(x,T') \ set \"by auto moreoverhave"valid \""(x,T) \ set \"by fact+ ultimatelyshow"T=T'"using type_unicity_in_context by auto next case (QAP_App Γ p q T🚫1 T🚫2 s t u T🚫2') have ih:"\u T. \ \ p \ u : T \ T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2 = T"by fact have"\ \ App p s \ u : T\<^sub>2'"by fact thenobtain r t T🚫1' where "u = App r t" "\ \ p \ r : T\<^sub>1'→ T🚫2'" by auto with ih have"T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2 = T\<^sub>1' \ T\<^sub>2'"by auto thenshow"T\<^sub>2=T\<^sub>2'"using ty.inject by auto qed (auto)
lemma alg_path_equiv_implies_valid: shows"\ \ s \ t : T \ valid \" and"\ \ s \ t : T \ valid \" by (induct rule : alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.inducts) auto
lemma algorithmic_symmetry: shows"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ t \ s : T" and"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ t \ s : T" by (induct rule: alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.inducts)
(auto simp: fresh_prod)
lemma algorithmic_transitivity: shows"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ t \ u : T \ \ \ s \ u : T" and"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ t \ u : T \ \ \ s \ u : T" proof (nominal_induct Γ s t T and Γ s t T avoiding: u rule: alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.strong_inducts) case (QAT_Base s p t q Γ u) have"\ \ t \ u : TBase"by fact thenobtain r' q'where b1: "t \ q'"and b2: "u \ r'"and b3: "\ \ q' \ r' : TBase"by auto have ih: "\ \ q \ r' : TBase \ \ \ p \ r' : TBase"by fact have"t \ q"by fact with b1 have eq: "q=q'"by (simp add: nf_unicity) with ih b3 have"\ \ p \ r' : TBase"by simp moreover have"s \ p"by fact ultimatelyshow"\ \ s \ u : TBase"using b2 by auto next case (QAT_Arrow x Γ s t T🚫1 T🚫2 u) have ih:"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App t (Var x) \ App u (Var x) : T\<^sub>2 ==> (x,T🚫1)#Γ ⊨ App s (Var x) ⇔ App u (Var x) : T🚫2" by fact have fs: "x\\""x\s""x\t""x\u"by fact+ have"\ \ t \ u : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by fact thenhave"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App t (Var x) \ App u (Var x) : T\<^sub>2"using fs by (simp add: Q_Arrow_strong_inversion) with ih have"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App s (Var x) \ App u (Var x) : T\<^sub>2"by simp thenshow"\ \ s \ u : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using fs by (auto simp: fresh_prod) next case (QAP_App Γ p q T🚫1 T🚫2 s t u) have"\ \ App q t \ u : T\<^sub>2"by fact thenobtain r T🚫1' v where ha: "\ \ q \ r : T\<^sub>1'→T🚫2" and hb: "Γ ⊨ t ⇔ v : T🚫1'" and eq: "u = App r v" by auto have ih1: "\ \ q \ r : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2 \ \ \ p \ r : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by fact have ih2:"\ \ t \ v : T\<^sub>1 \ \ \ s \ v : T\<^sub>1"by fact have"\ \ p \ q : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by fact thenhave"\ \ q \ p : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by (simp add: algorithmic_symmetry) with ha have"T\<^sub>1'\T\<^sub>2 = T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using algorithmic_path_type_unicity by simp thenhave"T\<^sub>1' = T\<^sub>1"by (simp add: ty.inject) thenhave"\ \ s \ v : T\<^sub>1""\ \ p \ r : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using ih1 ih2 ha hb by auto thenshow"\ \ App p s \ u : T\<^sub>2"using eq by auto qed (auto)
lemma algorithmic_weak_head_closure: shows"\ \ s \ t : T \ s' \ s \ t' \ t \ \ \ s' \ t' : T" proof (nominal_induct Γ s t T avoiding: s' t'
rule: alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.strong_inducts(1) [of _ _ _ _ "\a b c d e. True"]) qed(auto intro!: QAT_Arrow)
lemma algorithmic_monotonicity: shows"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ \' \ valid \' \ \' \ s \ t : T" and"\ \ s \ t : T \ \ \ \' \ valid \' \ \' \ s \ t : T" proof (nominal_induct Γ s t T and Γ s t T avoiding: Γ' rule: alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.strong_inducts) case (QAT_Arrow x Γ s t T🚫1 T🚫2 Γ') have fs:"x\\""x\s""x\t""x\\'"by fact+ have h2:"\ \ \'"by fact have ih:"\\'. \(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ \'; valid \'\ \ \' \ App s (Var x) \ App t (Var x) : T\<^sub>2"by fact have"valid \'"by fact thenhave"valid ((x,T\<^sub>1)#\')"using fs by auto moreover have sub: "(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ (x,T\<^sub>1)#\'"using h2 by auto ultimatelyhave"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\' \ App s (Var x) \ App t (Var x) : T\<^sub>2"using ih by simp thenshow"\' \ s \ t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using fs by (auto simp: fresh_prod) qed (auto)
lemma path_equiv_implies_nf: assumes"\ \ s \ t : T" shows"s \|"and"t \|" using assms by (induct rule: alg_equiv_alg_path_equiv.inducts(2)) (simp, auto)
section‹Logical Equivalence›
function log_equiv :: "(Ctxt \ trm \ trm \ ty \ bool)" (‹_ ⊨ _ is _ : _› [60,60,60,60] 60) where "\ \ s is t : TUnit = True"
| "\ \ s is t : TBase = \ \ s \ t : TBase"
| "\ \ s is t : (T\<^sub>1 \ T\<^sub>2) =
(∀Γ' s' t'. \\\'⟶ valid Γ' \ \'⊨ s' is t' : T🚫1 ⟶ (Γ' \ (App s s') is (App t t') : T\<^sub>2))" using ty_cases by (force simp: ty.inject)+
terminationby lexicographic_order
lemma logical_monotonicity: fixes Γ Γ' :: Ctxt assumes a1: "\ \ s is t : T" and a2: "\ \ \'" and a3: "valid \'" shows"\' \ s is t : T" using a1 a2 a3 proof (induct arbitrary: Γ' rule: log_equiv.induct) case (2 Γ s t Γ') thenshow"\' \ s is t : TBase"using algorithmic_monotonicity by auto next case (3 Γ s t T🚫1 T🚫2 Γ') have"\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2" and"\ \ \'" and"valid \'"by fact+ thenshow"\' \ s is t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by simp qed (auto)
lemma main_lemma: shows"\ \ s is t : T \ valid \ \ \ \ s \ t : T" and"\ \ p \ q : T \ \ \ p is q : T" proof (nominal_induct T arbitrary: Γ s t p q rule: ty.strong_induct) case (Arrow T🚫1 T🚫2)
{ case (1 Γ s t) have ih1:"\\ s t. \\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>2; valid \\ \ \ \ s \ t : T\<^sub>2"by fact have ih2:"\\ s t. \ \ s \ t : T\<^sub>1 \ \ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1"by fact have h:"\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by fact obtain x::name where fs:"x\(\,s,t)"by (erule exists_fresh[OF fs_name1]) have"valid \"by fact thenhave v: "valid ((x,T\<^sub>1)#\)"using fs by auto thenhave"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ Var x \ Var x : T\<^sub>1"by auto thenhave"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ Var x is Var x : T\<^sub>1"using ih2 by auto thenhave"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App s (Var x) is App t (Var x) : T\<^sub>2"using h v by auto thenhave"(x,T\<^sub>1)#\ \ App s (Var x) \ App t (Var x) : T\<^sub>2"using ih1 v by auto thenshow"\ \ s \ t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using fs by (auto simp: fresh_prod) next case (2 Γ p q) have h: "\ \ p \ q : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by fact have ih1:"\\ s t. \ \ s \ t : T\<^sub>2 \ \ \ s is t : T\<^sub>2"by fact have ih2:"\\ s t. \\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1; valid \\ \ \ \ s \ t : T\<^sub>1"by fact
{ fix Γ' s t assume"\ \ \'"and hl:"\' \ s is t : T\<^sub>1"and hk: "valid \'" thenhave"\' \ p \ q : T\<^sub>1 \ T\<^sub>2"using h algorithmic_monotonicity by auto moreoverhave"\' \ s \ t : T\<^sub>1"using ih2 hl hk by auto ultimatelyhave"\' \ App p s \ App q t : T\<^sub>2"by auto thenhave"\' \ App p s is App q t : T\<^sub>2"using ih1 by auto
} thenshow"\ \ p is q : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by simp
} next case TBase
{ case 2 have h:"\ \ s \ t : TBase"by fact thenhave"s \|"and"t \|"using path_equiv_implies_nf by auto thenhave"s \ s"and"t \ t"by auto thenhave"\ \ s \ t : TBase"using h by auto thenshow"\ \ s is t : TBase"by auto
} qed (auto elim: alg_path_equiv_implies_valid)
corollary corollary_main: assumes a: "\ \ s \ t : T" shows"\ \ s \ t : T" using a main_lemma alg_path_equiv_implies_valid by blast
lemma logical_symmetry: assumes a: "\ \ s is t : T" shows"\ \ t is s : T" using a by (nominal_induct arbitrary: Γ s t rule: ty.strong_induct)
(auto simp: algorithmic_symmetry)
lemma logical_transitivity: assumes"\ \ s is t : T""\ \ t is u : T" shows"\ \ s is u : T" using assms proof (nominal_induct arbitrary: Γ s t u rule:ty.strong_induct) case TBase thenshow"\ \ s is u : TBase"by (auto elim: algorithmic_transitivity) next case (Arrow T🚫1 T🚫2 Γ s t u) have h1:"\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1 \ T\<^sub>2"by fact have h2:"\ \ t is u : T\<^sub>1 \ T\<^sub>2"by fact have ih1:"\\ s t u. \\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1; \ \ t is u : T\<^sub>1\ \ \ \ s is u : T\<^sub>1"by fact have ih2:"\\ s t u. \\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>2; \ \ t is u : T\<^sub>2\ \ \ \ s is u : T\<^sub>2"by fact
{ fix Γ' s' u' assume hsub:"\ \ \'"and hl:"\' \ s' is u' : T\<^sub>1"and hk: "valid \'" thenhave"\' \ u' is s' : T\<^sub>1"using logical_symmetry by blast thenhave"\' \ u' is u' : T\<^sub>1"using ih1 hl by blast thenhave"\' \ App t u' is App u u' : T\<^sub>2"using h2 hsub hk by auto moreoverhave"\' \ App s s' is App t u' : T\<^sub>2"using h1 hsub hl hk by auto ultimatelyhave"\' \ App s s' is App u u' : T\<^sub>2"using ih2 by blast
} thenshow"\ \ s is u : T\<^sub>1 \ T\<^sub>2"by auto qed (auto)
lemma logical_weak_head_closure: assumes a: "\ \ s is t : T" and b: "s' \ s" and c: "t' \ t" shows"\ \ s' is t' : T" using a b c algorithmic_weak_head_closure proof (nominal_induct arbitrary: Γ s t s' t' rule: ty.strong_induct) next case (Arrow ty1 ty2) thenshow ?case by (smt (verit, ccfv_threshold) QAR_App log_equiv.simps(3)) qed auto
lemma logical_weak_head_closure': assumes"\ \ s is t : T"and"s' \ s" shows"\ \ s' is t : T" using assms proof (nominal_induct arbitrary: Γ s t s' rule: ty.strong_induct) case (TBase Γ s t s') thenshow ?caseby force next case (TUnit Γ s t s') thenshow ?caseby auto next case (Arrow T🚫1 T🚫2 Γ s t s') have h1:"s' \ s"by fact have ih:"\\ s t s'. \\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>2; s' \ s\ \ \ \ s' is t : T\<^sub>2"by fact have h2:"\ \ s is t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by fact then have hb:"\\' s' t'. \\\' \ valid \' \ \' \ s' is t' : T\<^sub>1 \ (\' \ (App s s') is (App t t') : T\<^sub>2)" by auto
{ fix Γ' s\<^sub>2 t\<^sub>2 assume"\ \ \'"and"\' \ s\<^sub>2 is t\<^sub>2 : T\<^sub>1"and"valid \'" thenhave"\' \ (App s s\<^sub>2) is (App t t\<^sub>2) : T\<^sub>2"using hb by auto moreoverhave"(App s' s\<^sub>2) \ (App s s\<^sub>2)"using h1 by auto ultimatelyhave"\' \ App s' s\<^sub>2 is App t t\<^sub>2 : T\<^sub>2"using ih by auto
} thenshow"\ \ s' is t : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by auto qed
abbreviation
log_equiv_for_psubsts :: "Ctxt \ Subst \ Subst \ Ctxt \ bool" (‹_ ⊨ _ is _ over _› [60,60] 60) where "\' \ \ is \' over \ \ \x T. (x,T) \ set \ \ \' \ \ is \' : T"
lemma logical_pseudo_reflexivity: assumes"\' \ t is s over \" shows"\' \ s is s over \" by (meson assms logical_symmetry logical_transitivity)
lemma logical_subst_monotonicity : fixes Γ Γ' \'' :: Ctxt assumes a: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and b: "\' \ \''" and c: "valid \''" shows"\'' \ \ is \' over \" using a b c logical_monotonicity by blast
lemma equiv_subst_ext : assumes h1: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and h2: "\' \ s is t : T" and fs: "x\\" shows"\' \ (x,s)#\ is (x,t)#\' over (x,T)#\" using assms proof -
{ fix y U assume"(y,U) \ set ((x,T)#\)" moreover
{ assume"(y,U) \ set [(x,T)]" with h2 have"\' \ ((x,s)#\) is ((x,t)#\') : U"by auto
} moreover
{ assume hl:"(y,U) \ set \" thenhave"\ y\\"by (induct Γ) (auto simp: fresh_list_cons fresh_atm fresh_prod) thenhave hf:"x\ Var y"using fs by (auto simp: fresh_atm) thenhave"((x,s)#\) = \""((x,t)#\') = \'" using fresh_psubst_simp by blast+ moreoverhave"\' \ \ is \' : U"using h1 hl by auto ultimatelyhave"\' \ ((x,s)#\) is ((x,t)#\') : U"by auto
} ultimatelyhave"\' \ ((x,s)#\) is ((x,t)#\') : U"by auto
} thenshow"\' \ (x,s)#\ is (x,t)#\' over (x,T)#\"by auto qed
theorem fundamental_theorem_1: assumes a1: "\ \ t : T" and a2: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and a3: "valid \'" shows"\' \ \ is \' : T" using a1 a2 a3 proof (nominal_induct Γ t T avoiding: θ θ' arbitrary: \' rule: typing.strong_induct) case (T_Lam x Γ T🚫1 t🚫2 T🚫2 θ θ' \') have vc: "x\\""x\\'""x\\"by fact+ have asm1: "\' \ \ is \' over \"by fact have ih:"\\ \' \'. \\' \ \ is \' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\; valid \'\ \ \' \ \2> is \'2> : T\<^sub>2"by fact show"\' \ \2> is \'2> : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using vc proof (simp, intro strip) fix Γ'' s' t' assume sub: "\' \ \''" and asm2: "\''\ s' is t' : T\<^sub>1" and val: "valid \''" from asm1 val sub have"\'' \ \ is \' over \"using logical_subst_monotonicity by blast with asm2 vc have"\'' \ (x,s')#\ is (x,t')#\' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\"using equiv_subst_ext byblast with ih val have"\'' \ ((x,s')#\)2> is ((x,t')#\')2> : T\<^sub>2"by auto with vc have"\''\\2>[x::=s'] is \'2>[x::=t'] : T\<^sub>2"by (simp add: psubst_subst_psubst) moreover have"App (Lam [x].\2>) s' \ \2>[x::=s']"by auto moreover have"App (Lam [x].\'2>) t' \ \'2>[x::=t']"by auto ultimatelyshow"\''\ App (Lam [x].\2>) s' is App (Lam [x].\'2>) t' : T\<^sub>2" using logical_weak_head_closure by auto qed qed (auto)
theorem fundamental_theorem_2: assumes h1: "\ \ s \ t : T" and h2: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and h3: "valid \'" shows"\' \ \ is \' : T" using h1 h2 h3 proof (nominal_induct Γ s t T avoiding: Γ' \ \' rule: def_equiv.strong_induct) case (Q_Refl Γ t T Γ' \ \') thenshow"\' \ \ is \' : T"using fundamental_theorem_1 by blast next case (Q_Symm Γ t s T Γ' \ \') thenshow"\' \ \ is \' : T"using logical_symmetry by blast next case (Q_Trans Γ s t T u Γ' \ \') have ih1: "\ \' \ \'. \\' \ \ is \' over \; valid \'\ \ \' \ \ is \' : T"by fact have ih2: "\ \' \ \'. \\' \ \ is \' over \; valid \'\ \ \' \ \ is \' : T"by fact have h: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and v: "valid \'"by fact+ thenhave"\' \ \' is \' over \"using logical_pseudo_reflexivity by auto thenhave"\' \ \' is \' : T"using ih2 v by auto moreoverhave"\' \ \ is \' : T"using ih1 h v by auto ultimatelyshow"\' \ \ is \' : T"using logical_transitivity by blast next case (Q_Abs x Γ T🚫1 s🚫2 t🚫2 T🚫2 Γ' \ \') have fs:"x\\"by fact have fs2: "x\\""x\\'"by fact+ have h2: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and h3: "valid \'"by fact+ have ih:"\\' \ \'. \\' \ \ is \' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\; valid \'\ \ \' \ \2> is \'2> : T\<^sub>2"by fact
{ fix Γ'' s' t' assume"\' \ \''"and hl:"\''\ s' is t' : T\<^sub>1"and hk: "valid \''" thenhave"\'' \ \ is \' over \"using h2 logical_subst_monotonicity by blast thenhave"\'' \ (x,s')#\ is (x,t')#\' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\"using equiv_subst_ext hl fs by blast thenhave"\'' \ ((x,s')#\)2> is ((x,t')#\')2> : T\<^sub>2"using ih hk by blast thenhave"\''\ \2>[x::=s'] is \'2>[x::=t'] : T\<^sub>2"using fs2 psubst_subst_psubst by auto moreoverhave"App (Lam [x]. \2>) s' \ \2>[x::=s']" and"App (Lam [x].\'2>) t' \ \'2>[x::=t']"by auto ultimatelyhave"\'' \ App (Lam [x]. \2>) s' is App (Lam [x].\'2>) t' : T\<^sub>2" using logical_weak_head_closure by auto
} moreoverhave"valid \'"by fact ultimatelyhave"\' \ Lam [x].\2> is Lam [x].\'2> : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by auto thenshow"\' \ \2> is \'2> : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"using fs2 by auto next case (Q_App Γ s🚫1 t🚫1 T🚫1 T🚫2 s🚫2 t🚫2 Γ' \ \') thenshow"\' \ \1 s\<^sub>2> is \'1 t\<^sub>2> : T\<^sub>2"by auto next case (Q_Beta x Γ s🚫2 t🚫2 T🚫1 s12 t12 T🚫2 Γ' \ \') have h: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and h': "valid \'" by fact+ have fs: "x\\"by fact have fs2: " x\\""x\\'"by fact+ have ih1: "\\' \ \'. \\' \ \ is \' over \; valid \'\ \ \' \ \2> is \'2> : T\<^sub>1"by fact have ih2: "\\' \ \'. \\' \ \ is \' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\; valid \'\ \ \' \ \ is \' : T\<^sub>2"by fact have"\' \ \2> is \'2> : T\<^sub>1"using ih1 h' h by auto thenhave"\' \ (x,\2>)#\ is (x,\'2>)#\' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\"using equiv_subst_ext h fs by blast thenhave"\' \ ((x,\2>)#\) is ((x,\'2>)#\') : T\<^sub>2"using ih2 h' by auto thenhave"\' \ \[x::=\2>] is \'[x::=\'2>] : T\<^sub>2"using fs2 psubst_subst_psubst by auto thenhave"\' \ \[x::=\2>] is \'2]> : T\<^sub>2"using fs2 psubst_subst_propagate by auto moreoverhave"App (Lam [x].\) (\2>) \ \[x::=\2>]"by auto ultimatelyhave"\' \ App (Lam [x].\) (\2>) is \'2]> : T\<^sub>2" using logical_weak_head_closure' by auto thenshow"\' \ \2> is \'2]> : T\<^sub>2"using fs2 by simp next case (Q_Ext x Γ s t T🚫1 T🚫2 Γ' \ \') have h2: "\' \ \ is \' over \" and h2': "valid \'" by fact+ have fs:"x\\""x\s""x\t"by fact+ have ih:"\\' \ \'. \\' \ \ is \' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\; valid \'\ ==> Γ' \ \ is \'<App t (Var x)> : T🚫2" by fact
{ fix Γ'' s' t' assume hsub: "\' \ \''"and hl: "\''\ s' is t' : T\<^sub>1"and hk: "valid \''" thenhave"\'' \ \ is \' over \"using h2 logical_subst_monotonicity by blast thenhave"\'' \ (x,s')#\ is (x,t')#\' over (x,T\<^sub>1)#\"using equiv_subst_ext hl fs by blast thenhave"\'' \ ((x,s')#\) is ((x,t')#\') : T\<^sub>2"using ih hk by blast then have"\'' \ App (((x,s')#\)) (((x,s')#\)<(Var x)>) is App (((x,t')#\')) (((x,t')#\')<(Var x)>) : T\<^sub>2" by auto thenhave"\'' \ App ((x,s')#\) s' is App ((x,t')#\') t' : T\<^sub>2"by auto thenhave"\'' \ App (\) s' is App (\') t' : T\<^sub>2"using fs fresh_psubst_simp by auto
} moreoverhave"valid \'"by fact ultimatelyshow"\' \ \ is \' : T\<^sub>1\T\<^sub>2"by auto next case (Q_Unit Γ s t Γ' \ \') thenshow"\' \ \ is \' : TUnit"by auto qed
theorem completeness: assumes asm: "\ \ s \ t : T" shows"\ \ s \ t : T" proof - have val: "valid \"using def_equiv_implies_valid asm by simp thenhave"\ \ [] is [] over \" by (simp add: QAP_Var main_lemma(2)) thenhave"\ \ [] is [] : T"using fundamental_theorem_2 val asm by blast thenhave"\ \ s is t : T"by simp thenshow"\ \ s \ t : T"using main_lemma(1) val by simp qed
text‹We leave soundness as an exercise - just like Crary in the ATS book :-) \\
@{prop[mode=IfThen] "\\ \ s \ t : T; \ \ t : T; \ \ s : T\ \ \ \ s \ t : T"} \\ 🍋‹[Γ ⊨ s ↔ t : T; Γ ⊨ t : T; Γ ⊨ s : T]==> Γ ⊨ s ≡ t : T› ›
end
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