(* Author: Tobias Nipkow *)
section "AA Tree Implementation of Maps"
theory AA_Map
imports
AA_Set
Lookup2
begin
fun update ::
"'a::linorder \ 'b \ ('a*'b) aa_tree \ ('a*'b) aa_tree" where
"update x y Leaf = Node Leaf ((x,y), 1) Leaf" |
"update x y (Node t1 ((a,b), lv) t2) =
(
case cmp x a of
LT
==> split (skew (Node (update x y t1) ((a,b), lv) t2)) |
GT
==> split (skew (Node t1 ((a,b), lv) (update x y t2))) |
EQ
==> Node t1 ((x,y), lv) t2)
"
fun delete ::
"'a::linorder \ ('a*'b) aa_tree \ ('a*'b) aa_tree" where
"delete _ Leaf = Leaf" |
"delete x (Node l ((a,b), lv) r) =
(
case cmp x a of
LT
==> adjust (Node (delete x l) ((a,b), lv) r) |
GT
==> adjust (Node l ((a,b), lv) (delete x r)) |
EQ
==> (
if l = Leaf
then r
else
let (l
',ab') = split_max l
in adjust (Node l
' (ab', lv) r)))
"
subsection "Invariance"
subsubsection
"Proofs for insert"
lemma lvl_update_aux:
"lvl (update x y t) = lvl t \ lvl (update x y t) = lvl t + 1 \ sngl (update x y t)"
apply(
induction t)
apply (auto simp: lvl_skew)
apply (metis Suc_eq_plus1 lvl.simps(2) lvl_split lvl_skew)+
done
lemma lvl_update:
obtains
(Same)
"lvl (update x y t) = lvl t" |
(Incr)
"lvl (update x y t) = lvl t + 1" "sngl (update x y t)"
using lvl_update_aux
by fastforce
declare invar.simps(2)[simp]
lemma lvl_update_sngl:
"invar t \ sngl t \ lvl(update x y t) = lvl t"
proof (
induction t rule: update.induct)
case (2 x y t1 a b lv t2)
consider (LT)
"x < a" | (GT)
"x > a" | (EQ)
"x = a"
using less_linear
by blast
thus ?
case proof cases
case LT
thus ?thesis
using 2
by (auto simp add: skew_case split_case split: tree.splits)
next
case GT
thus ?thesis
using 2
proof (cases t1)
case Node
thus ?thesis
using 2 GT
apply (auto simp add: skew_case split_case split: tree.splits)
by (metis less_not_refl2 lvl.simps(2) lvl_update_aux n_not_Suc_n sngl.simps(3))+
qed (auto simp add: lvl_0_iff)
qed simp
qed simp
lemma lvl_update_incr_iff:
"(lvl(update a b t) = lvl t + 1) \
(
∃l x r. update a b t = Node l (x,lvl t + 1) r
∧ lvl l = lvl r)
"
apply(cases t)
apply(auto simp add: skew_case split_case split: if_splits)
apply(auto split: tree.splits if_splits)
done
lemma invar_update:
"invar t \ invar(update a b t)"
proof(
induction t rule: tree2_induct)
case N: (Node l xy n r)
hence il:
"invar l" and ir:
"invar r" by auto
note iil = N.IH(1)[OF il]
note iir = N.IH(2)[OF ir]
obtain x y
where [simp]:
"xy = (x,y)" by fastforce
let ?t =
"Node l (xy, n) r"
have "a < x \ a = x \ x < a" by auto
moreover
have ?
case if "a < x"
proof (cases rule: lvl_update[of a b l])
case (Same)
thus ?thesis
using ‹a<x
› invar_NodeL[OF N.prems iil Same]
by (simp add: skew_invar split_invar del: invar.simps)
next
case (Incr)
then obtain t1 w t2
where ial[simp]:
"update a b l = Node t1 (w, n) t2"
using N.prems
by (auto simp: lvl_Suc_iff)
have l12:
"lvl t1 = lvl t2"
by (metis Incr(1) ial lvl_update_incr_iff tree.inject)
have "update a b ?t = split(skew(Node (update a b l) (xy, n) r))"
by(simp add:
‹a<x
›)
also have "skew(Node (update a b l) (xy, n) r) = Node t1 (w, n) (Node t2 (xy, n) r)"
by(simp)
also have "invar(split \)"
proof (cases r rule: tree2_cases)
case Leaf
hence "l = Leaf" using N.prems
by(auto simp: lvl_0_iff)
thus ?thesis
using Leaf ial
by simp
next
case [simp]: (Node t3 y m t4)
show ?thesis
(*using N(3) iil l12 by(auto)*)
proof cases
assume "m = n" thus ?thesis
using N(3) iil
by(auto)
next
assume "m \ n" thus ?thesis
using N(3) iil l12
by(auto)
qed
qed
finally show ?thesis .
qed
moreover
have ?
case if "x < a"
proof -
from ‹invar ?t
› have "n = lvl r \ n = lvl r + 1" by auto
thus ?
case
proof
assume 0:
"n = lvl r"
have "update a b ?t = split(skew(Node l (xy, n) (update a b r)))"
using ‹a>x
› by(auto)
also have "skew(Node l (xy, n) (update a b r)) = Node l (xy, n) (update a b r)"
using N.prems
by(simp add: skew_case split: tree.split)
also have "invar(split \)"
proof -
from lvl_update_sngl[OF ir sngl_if_invar[OF
‹invar ?t
› 0], of a b]
obtain t1 p t2
where iar:
"update a b r = Node t1 (p, n) t2"
using N.prems 0
by (auto simp: lvl_Suc_iff)
from N.prems iar 0 iir
show ?thesis
by (auto simp: split_case split: tree.splits)
qed
finally show ?thesis .
next
assume 1:
"n = lvl r + 1"
hence "sngl ?t" by(cases r) auto
show ?thesis
proof (cases rule: lvl_update[of a b r])
case (Same)
show ?thesis
using ‹x<a
› il ir invar_NodeR[OF N.prems 1 iir Same]
by (auto simp add: skew_invar split_invar)
next
case (Incr)
thus ?thesis
using invar_NodeR2[OF
‹invar ?t
› Incr(2) 1 iir] 1
‹x < a
›
by (auto simp add: skew_invar split_invar split: if_splits)
qed
qed
qed
moreover
have "a = x \ ?case" using N.prems
by auto
ultimately show ?
case by blast
qed simp
subsubsection
"Proofs for delete"
declare invar.simps(2)[simp del]
theorem post_delete:
"invar t \ post_del t (delete x t)"
proof (
induction t rule: tree2_induct)
case (Node l ab lv r)
obtain a b
where [simp]:
"ab = (a,b)" by fastforce
let ?l
' = "delete x l" and ?r' =
"delete x r"
let ?t =
"Node l (ab, lv) r" let ?t
' = "delete x ?t"
from Node.prems
have inv_l:
"invar l" and inv_r:
"invar r" by (auto)
note post_l
' = Node.IH(1)[OF inv_l]
note preL = pre_adj_if_postL[OF Node.prems post_l
']
note post_r
' = Node.IH(2)[OF inv_r]
note preR = pre_adj_if_postR[OF Node.prems post_r
']
show ?
case
proof (cases rule: linorder_cases[of x a])
case less
thus ?thesis
using Node.prems
by (simp add: post_del_adjL preL)
next
case greater
thus ?thesis
using Node.prems preR
by (simp add: post_del_adjR post_r
')
next
case equal
show ?thesis
proof cases
assume "l = Leaf" thus ?thesis
using equal Node.prems
by(auto simp: post_del_def invar.simps(2))
next
assume "l \ Leaf" thus ?thesis
using equal Node.prems
by simp (metis inv_l post_del_adjL post_split_max pre_adj_if_postL)
qed
qed
qed (simp add: post_del_def)
subsection ‹Functional Correctness Proofs
›
theorem inorder_update:
"sorted1(inorder t) \ inorder(update x y t) = upd_list x y (inorder t)"
by (induct t) (auto simp: upd_list_simps inorder_split inorder_skew)
theorem inorder_delete:
"\invar t; sorted1(inorder t)\ \
inorder (delete x t) = del_list x (inorder t)
"
by(
induction t)
(auto simp: del_list_simps inorder_adjust pre_adj_if_postL pre_adj_if_postR
post_split_max post_delete split_maxD split: prod.splits)
interpretation I: Map_by_Ordered
where empty = empty
and lookup = lookup
and update = update
and delete = delete
and inorder = inorder
and inv = invar
proof (standard, goal_cases)
case 1
show ?
case by (simp add: empty_def)
next
case 2
thus ?
case by(simp add: lookup_map_of)
next
case 3
thus ?
case by(simp add: inorder_update)
next
case 4
thus ?
case by(simp add: inorder_delete)
next
case 5
thus ?
case by(simp add: empty_def)
next
case 6
thus ?
case by(simp add: invar_update)
next
case 7
thus ?
case using post_delete
by(auto simp: post_del_def)
qed
end