/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* nodeMergeAppend . c
* routines to handle MergeAppend nodes .
*
* Portions Copyright ( c ) 1996 - 2025 , PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright ( c ) 1994 , Regents of the University of California
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* src / backend / executor / nodeMergeAppend . c
*
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
/* INTERFACE ROUTINES
* ExecInitMergeAppend - initialize the MergeAppend node
* ExecMergeAppend - retrieve the next tuple from the node
* ExecEndMergeAppend - shut down the MergeAppend node
* ExecReScanMergeAppend - rescan the MergeAppend node
*
* NOTES
* A MergeAppend node contains a list of one or more subplans .
* These are each expected to deliver tuples that are sorted according
* to a common sort key . The MergeAppend node merges these streams
* to produce output sorted the same way .
*
* MergeAppend nodes don ' t make use of their left and right
* subtrees , rather they maintain a list of subplans so
* a typical MergeAppend node looks like this in the plan tree :
*
* . . .
* /
* MergeAppend - - - + - - - - - - + - - - - - - + - - - nil
* / \ | | |
* nil nil . . . . . . . . .
* subplans
*/
#include "postgres.h"
#include "executor/executor.h"
#include "executor/execPartition.h"
#include "executor/nodeMergeAppend.h"
#include "lib/binaryheap.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
/*
* We have one slot for each item in the heap array . We use SlotNumber
* to store slot indexes . This doesn ' t actually provide any formal
* type - safety , but it makes the code more self - documenting .
*/
typedef int32 SlotNumber;
static TupleTableSlot *ExecMergeAppend(PlanState *pstate);
static int heap_compare_slots(Datum a, Datum b, void *arg);
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
* ExecInitMergeAppend
*
* Begin all of the subscans of the MergeAppend node .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
MergeAppendState *
ExecInitMergeAppend(MergeAppend *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
{
MergeAppendState *mergestate = makeNode(MergeAppendState);
PlanState **mergeplanstates;
const TupleTableSlotOps *mergeops;
Bitmapset *validsubplans;
int nplans;
int i,
j;
/* check for unsupported flags */
Assert(!(eflags & (EXEC_FLAG_BACKWARD | EXEC_FLAG_MARK)));
/*
* create new MergeAppendState for our node
*/
mergestate->ps.plan = (Plan *) node;
mergestate->ps.state = estate;
mergestate->ps.ExecProcNode = ExecMergeAppend;
/* If run-time partition pruning is enabled, then set that up now */
if (node->part_prune_index >= 0 )
{
PartitionPruneState *prunestate;
/*
* Set up pruning data structure . This also initializes the set of
* subplans to initialize ( validsubplans ) by taking into account the
* result of performing initial pruning if any .
*/
prunestate = ExecInitPartitionExecPruning(&mergestate->ps,
list_length(node->mergeplans),
node->part_prune_index,
node->apprelids,
&validsubplans);
mergestate->ms_prune_state = prunestate;
nplans = bms_num_members(validsubplans);
/*
* When no run - time pruning is required and there ' s at least one
* subplan , we can fill ms_valid_subplans immediately , preventing
* later calls to ExecFindMatchingSubPlans .
*/
if (!prunestate->do_exec_prune && nplans > 0 )
mergestate->ms_valid_subplans = bms_add_range(NULL, 0 , nplans - 1 );
}
else
{
nplans = list_length(node->mergeplans);
/*
* When run - time partition pruning is not enabled we can just mark all
* subplans as valid ; they must also all be initialized .
*/
Assert(nplans > 0 );
mergestate->ms_valid_subplans = validsubplans =
bms_add_range(NULL, 0 , nplans - 1 );
mergestate->ms_prune_state = NULL;
}
mergeplanstates = (PlanState **) palloc(nplans * sizeof (PlanState *));
mergestate->mergeplans = mergeplanstates;
mergestate->ms_nplans = nplans;
mergestate->ms_slots = (TupleTableSlot **) palloc0(sizeof (TupleTableSlot *) * nplans);
mergestate->ms_heap = binaryheap_allocate(nplans, heap_compare_slots,
mergestate);
/*
* call ExecInitNode on each of the valid plans to be executed and save
* the results into the mergeplanstates array .
*/
j = 0 ;
i = -1 ;
while ((i = bms_next_member(validsubplans, i)) >= 0 )
{
Plan *initNode = (Plan *) list_nth(node->mergeplans, i);
mergeplanstates[j++] = ExecInitNode(initNode, estate, eflags);
}
/*
* Initialize MergeAppend ' s result tuple type and slot . If the child
* plans all produce the same fixed slot type , we can use that slot type ;
* otherwise make a virtual slot . ( Note that the result slot itself is
* used only to return a null tuple at end of execution ; real tuples are
* returned to the caller in the children ' s own result slots . What we are
* doing here is allowing the parent plan node to optimize if the
* MergeAppend will return only one kind of slot . )
*/
mergeops = ExecGetCommonSlotOps(mergeplanstates, j);
if (mergeops != NULL)
{
ExecInitResultTupleSlotTL(&mergestate->ps, mergeops);
}
else
{
ExecInitResultTupleSlotTL(&mergestate->ps, &TTSOpsVirtual);
/* show that the output slot type is not fixed */
mergestate->ps.resultopsset = true ;
mergestate->ps.resultopsfixed = false ;
}
/*
* Miscellaneous initialization
*/
mergestate->ps.ps_ProjInfo = NULL;
/*
* initialize sort - key information
*/
mergestate->ms_nkeys = node->numCols;
mergestate->ms_sortkeys = palloc0(sizeof (SortSupportData) * node->numCols);
for (i = 0 ; i < node->numCols; i++)
{
SortSupport sortKey = mergestate->ms_sortkeys + i;
sortKey->ssup_cxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
sortKey->ssup_collation = node->collations[i];
sortKey->ssup_nulls_first = node->nullsFirst[i];
sortKey->ssup_attno = node->sortColIdx[i];
/*
* It isn ' t feasible to perform abbreviated key conversion , since
* tuples are pulled into mergestate ' s binary heap as needed . It
* would likely be counter - productive to convert tuples into an
* abbreviated representation as they ' re pulled up , so opt out of that
* additional optimization entirely .
*/
sortKey->abbreviate = false ;
PrepareSortSupportFromOrderingOp(node->sortOperators[i], sortKey);
}
/*
* initialize to show we have not run the subplans yet
*/
mergestate->ms_initialized = false ;
return mergestate;
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
* ExecMergeAppend
*
* Handles iteration over multiple subplans .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
static TupleTableSlot *
ExecMergeAppend(PlanState *pstate)
{
MergeAppendState *node = castNode(MergeAppendState, pstate);
TupleTableSlot *result;
SlotNumber i;
CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
if (!node->ms_initialized)
{
/* Nothing to do if all subplans were pruned */
if (node->ms_nplans == 0 )
return ExecClearTuple(node->ps.ps_ResultTupleSlot);
/*
* If we ' ve yet to determine the valid subplans then do so now . If
* run - time pruning is disabled then the valid subplans will always be
* set to all subplans .
*/
if (node->ms_valid_subplans == NULL)
node->ms_valid_subplans =
ExecFindMatchingSubPlans(node->ms_prune_state, false , NULL);
/*
* First time through : pull the first tuple from each valid subplan ,
* and set up the heap .
*/
i = -1 ;
while ((i = bms_next_member(node->ms_valid_subplans, i)) >= 0 )
{
node->ms_slots[i] = ExecProcNode(node->mergeplans[i]);
if (!TupIsNull(node->ms_slots[i]))
binaryheap_add_unordered(node->ms_heap, Int32GetDatum(i));
}
binaryheap_build(node->ms_heap);
node->ms_initialized = true ;
}
else
{
/*
* Otherwise , pull the next tuple from whichever subplan we returned
* from last time , and reinsert the subplan index into the heap ,
* because it might now compare differently against the existing
* elements of the heap . ( We could perhaps simplify the logic a bit
* by doing this before returning from the prior call , but it ' s better
* to not pull tuples until necessary . )
*/
i = DatumGetInt32(binaryheap_first(node->ms_heap));
node->ms_slots[i] = ExecProcNode(node->mergeplans[i]);
if (!TupIsNull(node->ms_slots[i]))
binaryheap_replace_first(node->ms_heap, Int32GetDatum(i));
else
(void ) binaryheap_remove_first(node->ms_heap);
}
if (binaryheap_empty(node->ms_heap))
{
/* All the subplans are exhausted, and so is the heap */
result = ExecClearTuple(node->ps.ps_ResultTupleSlot);
}
else
{
i = DatumGetInt32(binaryheap_first(node->ms_heap));
result = node->ms_slots[i];
}
return result;
}
/*
* Compare the tuples in the two given slots .
*/
static int32
heap_compare_slots(Datum a, Datum b, void *arg)
{
MergeAppendState *node = (MergeAppendState *) arg;
SlotNumber slot1 = DatumGetInt32(a);
SlotNumber slot2 = DatumGetInt32(b);
TupleTableSlot *s1 = node->ms_slots[slot1];
TupleTableSlot *s2 = node->ms_slots[slot2];
int nkey;
Assert(!TupIsNull(s1));
Assert(!TupIsNull(s2));
for (nkey = 0 ; nkey < node->ms_nkeys; nkey++)
{
SortSupport sortKey = node->ms_sortkeys + nkey;
AttrNumber attno = sortKey->ssup_attno;
Datum datum1,
datum2;
bool isNull1,
isNull2;
int compare;
datum1 = slot_getattr(s1, attno, &isNull1);
datum2 = slot_getattr(s2, attno, &isNull2);
compare = ApplySortComparator(datum1, isNull1,
datum2, isNull2,
sortKey);
if (compare != 0 )
{
INVERT_COMPARE_RESULT(compare);
return compare;
}
}
return 0 ;
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
* ExecEndMergeAppend
*
* Shuts down the subscans of the MergeAppend node .
*
* Returns nothing of interest .
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
void
ExecEndMergeAppend(MergeAppendState *node)
{
PlanState **mergeplans;
int nplans;
int i;
/*
* get information from the node
*/
mergeplans = node->mergeplans;
nplans = node->ms_nplans;
/*
* shut down each of the subscans
*/
for (i = 0 ; i < nplans; i++)
ExecEndNode(mergeplans[i]);
}
void
ExecReScanMergeAppend(MergeAppendState *node)
{
int i;
/*
* If any PARAM_EXEC Params used in pruning expressions have changed , then
* we ' d better unset the valid subplans so that they are reselected for
* the new parameter values .
*/
if (node->ms_prune_state &&
bms_overlap(node->ps.chgParam,
node->ms_prune_state->execparamids))
{
bms_free(node->ms_valid_subplans);
node->ms_valid_subplans = NULL;
}
for (i = 0 ; i < node->ms_nplans; i++)
{
PlanState *subnode = node->mergeplans[i];
/*
* ExecReScan doesn ' t know about my subplans , so I have to do
* changed - parameter signaling myself .
*/
if (node->ps.chgParam != NULL)
UpdateChangedParamSet(subnode, node->ps.chgParam);
/*
* If chgParam of subnode is not null then plan will be re - scanned by
* first ExecProcNode .
*/
if (subnode->chgParam == NULL)
ExecReScan(subnode);
}
binaryheap_reset(node->ms_heap);
node->ms_initialized = false ;
}
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