// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* TCP Illinois congestion control .
* Home page :
* http : //www.ews.uiuc.edu/~shaoliu/tcpillinois/index.html
*
* The algorithm is described in :
* " TCP - Illinois : A Loss and Delay - Based Congestion Control Algorithm
* for High - Speed Networks "
* http : //tamerbasar.csl.illinois.edu/LiuBasarSrikantPerfEvalArtJun2008.pdf
*
* Implemented from description in paper and ns - 2 simulation .
* Copyright ( C ) 2007 Stephen Hemminger < shemminger @ linux - foundation . org >
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/inet_diag.h>
#include <asm /div64.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>
#define ALPHA_SHIFT 7
#define ALPHA_SCALE (1 u<<ALPHA_SHIFT)
#define ALPHA_MIN ((3 *ALPHA_SCALE)/10 ) /* ~0.3 */
#define ALPHA_MAX (10 *ALPHA_SCALE) /* 10.0 */
#define ALPHA_BASE ALPHA_SCALE /* 1.0 */
#define RTT_MAX (U32_MAX / ALPHA_MAX) /* 3.3 secs */
#define BETA_SHIFT 6
#define BETA_SCALE (1 u<<BETA_SHIFT)
#define BETA_MIN (BETA_SCALE/8 ) /* 0.125 */
#define BETA_MAX (BETA_SCALE/2 ) /* 0.5 */
#define BETA_BASE BETA_MAX
static int win_thresh __read_mostly = 15 ;
module_param(win_thresh, int , 0 );
MODULE_PARM_DESC(win_thresh, "Window threshold for starting adaptive sizing" );
static int theta __read_mostly = 5 ;
module_param(theta, int , 0 );
MODULE_PARM_DESC(theta, "# of fast RTT's before full growth" );
/* TCP Illinois Parameters */
struct illinois {
u64 sum_rtt; /* sum of rtt's measured within last rtt */
u16 cnt_rtt; /* # of rtts measured within last rtt */
u32 base_rtt; /* min of all rtt in usec */
u32 max_rtt; /* max of all rtt in usec */
u32 end_seq; /* right edge of current RTT */
u32 alpha; /* Additive increase */
u32 beta; /* Muliplicative decrease */
u16 acked; /* # packets acked by current ACK */
u8 rtt_above; /* average rtt has gone above threshold */
u8 rtt_low; /* # of rtts measurements below threshold */
};
static void rtt_reset(struct sock *sk)
{
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
ca->end_seq = tp->snd_nxt;
ca->cnt_rtt = 0 ;
ca->sum_rtt = 0 ;
/* TODO: age max_rtt? */
}
static void tcp_illinois_init(struct sock *sk)
{
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
ca->alpha = ALPHA_MAX;
ca->beta = BETA_BASE;
ca->base_rtt = 0 x7fffffff;
ca->max_rtt = 0 ;
ca->acked = 0 ;
ca->rtt_low = 0 ;
ca->rtt_above = 0 ;
rtt_reset(sk);
}
/* Measure RTT for each ack. */
static void tcp_illinois_acked(struct sock *sk, const struct ack_sample *sample)
{
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
s32 rtt_us = sample->rtt_us;
ca->acked = sample->pkts_acked;
/* dup ack, no rtt sample */
if (rtt_us < 0 )
return ;
/* ignore bogus values, this prevents wraparound in alpha math */
if (rtt_us > RTT_MAX)
rtt_us = RTT_MAX;
/* keep track of minimum RTT seen so far */
if (ca->base_rtt > rtt_us)
ca->base_rtt = rtt_us;
/* and max */
if (ca->max_rtt < rtt_us)
ca->max_rtt = rtt_us;
++ca->cnt_rtt;
ca->sum_rtt += rtt_us;
}
/* Maximum queuing delay */
static inline u32 max_delay(const struct illinois *ca)
{
return ca->max_rtt - ca->base_rtt;
}
/* Average queuing delay */
static inline u32 avg_delay(const struct illinois *ca)
{
u64 t = ca->sum_rtt;
do_div(t, ca->cnt_rtt);
return t - ca->base_rtt;
}
/*
* Compute value of alpha used for additive increase .
* If small window then use 1 . 0 , equivalent to Reno .
*
* For larger windows , adjust based on average delay .
* A . If average delay is at minimum ( we are uncongested ) ,
* then use large alpha ( 10 . 0 ) to increase faster .
* B . If average delay is at maximum ( getting congested )
* then use small alpha ( 0 . 3 )
*
* The result is a convex window growth curve .
*/
static u32 alpha(struct illinois *ca, u32 da, u32 dm)
{
u32 d1 = dm / 100 ; /* Low threshold */
if (da <= d1) {
/* If never got out of low delay zone, then use max */
if (!ca->rtt_above)
return ALPHA_MAX;
/* Wait for 5 good RTT's before allowing alpha to go alpha max.
* This prevents one good RTT from causing sudden window increase .
*/
if (++ca->rtt_low < theta)
return ca->alpha;
ca->rtt_low = 0 ;
ca->rtt_above = 0 ;
return ALPHA_MAX;
}
ca->rtt_above = 1 ;
/*
* Based on :
*
* ( dm - d1 ) amin amax
* k1 = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* amax - amin
*
* ( dm - d1 ) amin
* k2 = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - d1
* amax - amin
*
* k1
* alpha = - - - - - - - - - -
* k2 + da
*/
dm -= d1;
da -= d1;
return (dm * ALPHA_MAX) /
(dm + (da * (ALPHA_MAX - ALPHA_MIN)) / ALPHA_MIN);
}
/*
* Beta used for multiplicative decrease .
* For small window sizes returns same value as Reno ( 0 . 5 )
*
* If delay is small ( 10 % of max ) then beta = 1 / 8
* If delay is up to 80 % of max then beta = 1 / 2
* In between is a linear function
*/
static u32 beta(u32 da, u32 dm)
{
u32 d2, d3;
d2 = dm / 10 ;
if (da <= d2)
return BETA_MIN;
d3 = (8 * dm) / 10 ;
if (da >= d3 || d3 <= d2)
return BETA_MAX;
/*
* Based on :
*
* bmin d3 - bmax d2
* k3 = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* d3 - d2
*
* bmax - bmin
* k4 = - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* d3 - d2
*
* b = k3 + k4 da
*/
return (BETA_MIN * d3 - BETA_MAX * d2 + (BETA_MAX - BETA_MIN) * da)
/ (d3 - d2);
}
/* Update alpha and beta values once per RTT */
static void update_params(struct sock *sk)
{
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
if (tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) < win_thresh) {
ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
ca->beta = BETA_BASE;
} else if (ca->cnt_rtt > 0 ) {
u32 dm = max_delay(ca);
u32 da = avg_delay(ca);
ca->alpha = alpha(ca, da, dm);
ca->beta = beta(da, dm);
}
rtt_reset(sk);
}
/*
* In case of loss , reset to default values
*/
static void tcp_illinois_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
{
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
if (new_state == TCP_CA_Loss) {
ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
ca->beta = BETA_BASE;
ca->rtt_low = 0 ;
ca->rtt_above = 0 ;
rtt_reset(sk);
}
}
/*
* Increase window in response to successful acknowledgment .
*/
static void tcp_illinois_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked)
{
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
if (after(ack, ca->end_seq))
update_params(sk);
/* RFC2861 only increase cwnd if fully utilized */
if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk))
return ;
/* In slow start */
if (tcp_in_slow_start(tp))
tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
else {
u32 delta;
/* snd_cwnd_cnt is # of packets since last cwnd increment */
tp->snd_cwnd_cnt += ca->acked;
ca->acked = 1 ;
/* This is close approximation of:
* tp - > snd_cwnd + = alpha / tp - > snd_cwnd
*/
delta = (tp->snd_cwnd_cnt * ca->alpha) >> ALPHA_SHIFT;
if (delta >= tcp_snd_cwnd(tp)) {
tcp_snd_cwnd_set(tp, min(tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) + delta / tcp_snd_cwnd(tp),
(u32)tp->snd_cwnd_clamp));
tp->snd_cwnd_cnt = 0 ;
}
}
}
static u32 tcp_illinois_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
{
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
u32 decr;
/* Multiplicative decrease */
decr = (tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) * ca->beta) >> BETA_SHIFT;
return max(tcp_snd_cwnd(tp) - decr, 2 U);
}
/* Extract info for Tcp socket info provided via netlink. */
static size_t tcp_illinois_info(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, int *attr,
union tcp_cc_info *info)
{
const struct illinois *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
if (ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO - 1 ))) {
info->vegas.tcpv_enabled = 1 ;
info->vegas.tcpv_rttcnt = ca->cnt_rtt;
info->vegas.tcpv_minrtt = ca->base_rtt;
info->vegas.tcpv_rtt = 0 ;
if (info->vegas.tcpv_rttcnt > 0 ) {
u64 t = ca->sum_rtt;
do_div(t, info->vegas.tcpv_rttcnt);
info->vegas.tcpv_rtt = t;
}
*attr = INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO;
return sizeof (struct tcpvegas_info);
}
return 0 ;
}
static struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_illinois __read_mostly = {
.init = tcp_illinois_init,
.ssthresh = tcp_illinois_ssthresh,
.undo_cwnd = tcp_reno_undo_cwnd,
.cong_avoid = tcp_illinois_cong_avoid,
.set_state = tcp_illinois_state,
.get_info = tcp_illinois_info,
.pkts_acked = tcp_illinois_acked,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "illinois" ,
};
static int __init tcp_illinois_register(void )
{
BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof (struct illinois) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
return tcp_register_congestion_control(&tcp_illinois);
}
static void __exit tcp_illinois_unregister(void )
{
tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&tcp_illinois);
}
module_init(tcp_illinois_register);
module_exit(tcp_illinois_unregister);
MODULE_AUTHOR("Stephen Hemminger, Shao Liu" );
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL" );
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("TCP Illinois" );
MODULE_VERSION("1.0" );
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