// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
/*
* Restartable sequences system call
*
* Copyright ( C ) 2015 , Google , Inc . ,
* Paul Turner < pjt @ google . com > and Andrew Hunter < ahh @ google . com >
* Copyright ( C ) 2015 - 2018 , EfficiOS Inc . ,
* Mathieu Desnoyers < mathieu . desnoyers @ efficios . com >
*/
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/rseq.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include <asm /ptrace.h>
#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
#include <trace/events/rseq.h>
/* The original rseq structure size (including padding) is 32 bytes. */
#define ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE 32
#define RSEQ_CS_NO_RESTART_FLAGS (RSEQ_CS_FLAG_NO_RESTART_ON_PREEMPT | \
RSEQ_CS_FLAG_NO_RESTART_ON_SIGNAL | \
RSEQ_CS_FLAG_NO_RESTART_ON_MIGRATE)
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RSEQ
static struct rseq *rseq_kernel_fields(struct task_struct *t)
{
return (struct rseq *) t->rseq_fields;
}
static int rseq_validate_ro_fields(struct task_struct *t)
{
static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(_rs,
DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
u32 cpu_id_start, cpu_id, node_id, mm_cid;
struct rseq __user *rseq = t->rseq;
/*
* Validate fields which are required to be read - only by
* user - space .
*/
if (!user_read_access_begin(rseq, t->rseq_len))
goto efault;
unsafe_get_user(cpu_id_start, &rseq->cpu_id_start, efault_end);
unsafe_get_user(cpu_id, &rseq->cpu_id, efault_end);
unsafe_get_user(node_id, &rseq->node_id, efault_end);
unsafe_get_user(mm_cid, &rseq->mm_cid, efault_end);
user_read_access_end();
if ((cpu_id_start != rseq_kernel_fields(t)->cpu_id_start ||
cpu_id != rseq_kernel_fields(t)->cpu_id ||
node_id != rseq_kernel_fields(t)->node_id ||
mm_cid != rseq_kernel_fields(t)->mm_cid) && __ratelimit(&_rs)) {
pr_warn("Detected rseq corruption for pid: %d, name: %s\n"
"\tcpu_id_start: %u ?= %u\n"
"\tcpu_id: %u ?= %u\n"
"\tnode_id: %u ?= %u\n"
"\tmm_cid: %u ?= %u\n" ,
t->pid, t->comm,
cpu_id_start, rseq_kernel_fields(t)->cpu_id_start,
cpu_id, rseq_kernel_fields(t)->cpu_id,
node_id, rseq_kernel_fields(t)->node_id,
mm_cid, rseq_kernel_fields(t)->mm_cid);
}
/* For now, only print a console warning on mismatch. */
return 0 ;
efault_end:
user_read_access_end();
efault:
return -EFAULT;
}
/*
* Update an rseq field and its in - kernel copy in lock - step to keep a coherent
* state .
*/
#define rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, value, field, error_label) \
do { \
unsafe_put_user(value, &t->rseq->field, error_label); \
rseq_kernel_fields(t)->field = value; \
} while (0 )
#else
static int rseq_validate_ro_fields(struct task_struct *t)
{
return 0 ;
}
#define rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, value, field, error_label) \
unsafe_put_user(value, &t->rseq->field, error_label)
#endif
/*
*
* Restartable sequences are a lightweight interface that allows
* user - level code to be executed atomically relative to scheduler
* preemption and signal delivery . Typically used for implementing
* per - cpu operations .
*
* It allows user - space to perform update operations on per - cpu data
* without requiring heavy - weight atomic operations .
*
* Detailed algorithm of rseq user - space assembly sequences :
*
* init ( rseq_cs )
* cpu = TLS - > rseq : : cpu_id_start
* [ 1 ] TLS - > rseq : : rseq_cs = rseq_cs
* [ start_ip ] - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* [ 2 ] if ( cpu ! = TLS - > rseq : : cpu_id )
* goto abort_ip ;
* [ 3 ] < last_instruction_in_cs >
* [ post_commit_ip ] - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*
* The address of jump target abort_ip must be outside the critical
* region , i . e . :
*
* [ abort_ip ] < [ start_ip ] | | [ abort_ip ] > = [ post_commit_ip ]
*
* Steps [ 2 ] - [ 3 ] ( inclusive ) need to be a sequence of instructions in
* userspace that can handle being interrupted between any of those
* instructions , and then resumed to the abort_ip .
*
* 1 . Userspace stores the address of the struct rseq_cs assembly
* block descriptor into the rseq_cs field of the registered
* struct rseq TLS area . This update is performed through a single
* store within the inline assembly instruction sequence .
* [ start_ip ]
*
* 2 . Userspace tests to check whether the current cpu_id field match
* the cpu number loaded before start_ip , branching to abort_ip
* in case of a mismatch .
*
* If the sequence is preempted or interrupted by a signal
* at or after start_ip and before post_commit_ip , then the kernel
* clears TLS - > _ _ rseq_abi : : rseq_cs , and sets the user - space return
* ip to abort_ip before returning to user - space , so the preempted
* execution resumes at abort_ip .
*
* 3 . Userspace critical section final instruction before
* post_commit_ip is the commit . The critical section is
* self - terminating .
* [ post_commit_ip ]
*
* 4 . < success >
*
* On failure at [ 2 ] , or if interrupted by preempt or signal delivery
* between [ 1 ] and [ 3 ] :
*
* [ abort_ip ]
* F1 . < failure >
*/
static int rseq_update_cpu_node_id(struct task_struct *t)
{
struct rseq __user *rseq = t->rseq;
u32 cpu_id = raw_smp_processor_id();
u32 node_id = cpu_to_node(cpu_id);
u32 mm_cid = task_mm_cid(t);
/*
* Validate read - only rseq fields .
*/
if (rseq_validate_ro_fields(t))
goto efault;
WARN_ON_ONCE((int ) mm_cid < 0 );
if (!user_write_access_begin(rseq, t->rseq_len))
goto efault;
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, cpu_id, cpu_id_start, efault_end);
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, cpu_id, cpu_id, efault_end);
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, node_id, node_id, efault_end);
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, mm_cid, mm_cid, efault_end);
/*
* Additional feature fields added after ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE
* need to be conditionally updated only if
* t - > rseq_len ! = ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE .
*/
user_write_access_end();
trace_rseq_update(t);
return 0 ;
efault_end:
user_write_access_end();
efault:
return -EFAULT;
}
static int rseq_reset_rseq_cpu_node_id(struct task_struct *t)
{
struct rseq __user *rseq = t->rseq;
u32 cpu_id_start = 0 , cpu_id = RSEQ_CPU_ID_UNINITIALIZED, node_id = 0 ,
mm_cid = 0 ;
/*
* Validate read - only rseq fields .
*/
if (rseq_validate_ro_fields(t))
goto efault;
if (!user_write_access_begin(rseq, t->rseq_len))
goto efault;
/*
* Reset all fields to their initial state .
*
* All fields have an initial state of 0 except cpu_id which is set to
* RSEQ_CPU_ID_UNINITIALIZED , so that any user coming in after
* unregistration can figure out that rseq needs to be registered
* again .
*/
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, cpu_id_start, cpu_id_start, efault_end);
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, cpu_id, cpu_id, efault_end);
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, node_id, node_id, efault_end);
rseq_unsafe_put_user(t, mm_cid, mm_cid, efault_end);
/*
* Additional feature fields added after ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE
* need to be conditionally reset only if
* t - > rseq_len ! = ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE .
*/
user_write_access_end();
return 0 ;
efault_end:
user_write_access_end();
efault:
return -EFAULT;
}
/*
* Get the user - space pointer value stored in the ' rseq_cs ' field .
*/
static int rseq_get_rseq_cs_ptr_val(struct rseq __user *rseq, u64 *rseq_cs)
{
if (!rseq_cs)
return -EFAULT;
#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
if (get_user(*rseq_cs, &rseq->rseq_cs))
return -EFAULT;
#else
if (copy_from_user(rseq_cs, &rseq->rseq_cs, sizeof (*rseq_cs)))
return -EFAULT;
#endif
return 0 ;
}
/*
* If the rseq_cs field of ' struct rseq ' contains a valid pointer to
* user - space , copy ' struct rseq_cs ' from user - space and validate its fields .
*/
static int rseq_get_rseq_cs(struct task_struct *t, struct rseq_cs *rseq_cs)
{
struct rseq_cs __user *urseq_cs;
u64 ptr;
u32 __user *usig;
u32 sig;
int ret;
ret = rseq_get_rseq_cs_ptr_val(t->rseq, &ptr);
if (ret)
return ret;
/* If the rseq_cs pointer is NULL, return a cleared struct rseq_cs. */
if (!ptr) {
memset(rseq_cs, 0 , sizeof (*rseq_cs));
return 0 ;
}
/* Check that the pointer value fits in the user-space process space. */
if (ptr >= TASK_SIZE)
return -EINVAL;
urseq_cs = (struct rseq_cs __user *)(unsigned long )ptr;
if (copy_from_user(rseq_cs, urseq_cs, sizeof (*rseq_cs)))
return -EFAULT;
if (rseq_cs->start_ip >= TASK_SIZE ||
rseq_cs->start_ip + rseq_cs->post_commit_offset >= TASK_SIZE ||
rseq_cs->abort_ip >= TASK_SIZE ||
rseq_cs->version > 0 )
return -EINVAL;
/* Check for overflow. */
if (rseq_cs->start_ip + rseq_cs->post_commit_offset < rseq_cs->start_ip)
return -EINVAL;
/* Ensure that abort_ip is not in the critical section. */
if (rseq_cs->abort_ip - rseq_cs->start_ip < rseq_cs->post_commit_offset)
return -EINVAL;
usig = (u32 __user *)(unsigned long )(rseq_cs->abort_ip - sizeof (u32));
ret = get_user(sig, usig);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (current->rseq_sig != sig) {
printk_ratelimited(KERN_WARNING
"Possible attack attempt. Unexpected rseq signature 0x%x, expecting 0x%x (pid=%d, addr=%p).\n" ,
sig, current->rseq_sig, current->pid, usig);
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0 ;
}
static bool rseq_warn_flags(const char *str, u32 flags)
{
u32 test_flags;
if (!flags)
return false ;
test_flags = flags & RSEQ_CS_NO_RESTART_FLAGS;
if (test_flags)
pr_warn_once("Deprecated flags (%u) in %s ABI structure" , test_flags, str);
test_flags = flags & ~RSEQ_CS_NO_RESTART_FLAGS;
if (test_flags)
pr_warn_once("Unknown flags (%u) in %s ABI structure" , test_flags, str);
return true ;
}
static int rseq_need_restart(struct task_struct *t, u32 cs_flags)
{
u32 flags, event_mask;
int ret;
if (rseq_warn_flags("rseq_cs" , cs_flags))
return -EINVAL;
/* Get thread flags. */
ret = get_user(flags, &t->rseq->flags);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (rseq_warn_flags("rseq" , flags))
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Load and clear event mask atomically with respect to
* scheduler preemption and membarrier IPIs .
*/
scoped_guard(RSEQ_EVENT_GUARD) {
event_mask = t->rseq_event_mask;
t->rseq_event_mask = 0 ;
}
return !!event_mask;
}
static int clear_rseq_cs(struct rseq __user *rseq)
{
/*
* The rseq_cs field is set to NULL on preemption or signal
* delivery on top of rseq assembly block , as well as on top
* of code outside of the rseq assembly block . This performs
* a lazy clear of the rseq_cs field .
*
* Set rseq_cs to NULL .
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
return put_user(0 UL, &rseq->rseq_cs);
#else
if (clear_user(&rseq->rseq_cs, sizeof (rseq->rseq_cs)))
return -EFAULT;
return 0 ;
#endif
}
/*
* Unsigned comparison will be true when ip > = start_ip , and when
* ip < start_ip + post_commit_offset .
*/
static bool in_rseq_cs(unsigned long ip, struct rseq_cs *rseq_cs)
{
return ip - rseq_cs->start_ip < rseq_cs->post_commit_offset;
}
static int rseq_ip_fixup(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
unsigned long ip = instruction_pointer(regs);
struct task_struct *t = current;
struct rseq_cs rseq_cs;
int ret;
ret = rseq_get_rseq_cs(t, &rseq_cs);
if (ret)
return ret;
/*
* Handle potentially not being within a critical section .
* If not nested over a rseq critical section , restart is useless .
* Clear the rseq_cs pointer and return .
*/
if (!in_rseq_cs(ip, &rseq_cs))
return clear_rseq_cs(t->rseq);
ret = rseq_need_restart(t, rseq_cs.flags);
if (ret <= 0 )
return ret;
ret = clear_rseq_cs(t->rseq);
if (ret)
return ret;
trace_rseq_ip_fixup(ip, rseq_cs.start_ip, rseq_cs.post_commit_offset,
rseq_cs.abort_ip);
instruction_pointer_set(regs, (unsigned long )rseq_cs.abort_ip);
return 0 ;
}
/*
* This resume handler must always be executed between any of :
* - preemption ,
* - signal delivery ,
* and return to user - space .
*
* This is how we can ensure that the entire rseq critical section
* will issue the commit instruction only if executed atomically with
* respect to other threads scheduled on the same CPU , and with respect
* to signal handlers .
*/
void __rseq_handle_notify_resume(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
struct task_struct *t = current;
int ret, sig;
if (unlikely(t->flags & PF_EXITING))
return ;
/*
* regs is NULL if and only if the caller is in a syscall path . Skip
* fixup and leave rseq_cs as is so that rseq_sycall ( ) will detect and
* kill a misbehaving userspace on debug kernels .
*/
if (regs) {
ret = rseq_ip_fixup(regs);
if (unlikely(ret < 0 ))
goto error;
}
if (unlikely(rseq_update_cpu_node_id(t)))
goto error;
return ;
error:
sig = ksig ? ksig->sig : 0 ;
force_sigsegv(sig);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RSEQ
/*
* Terminate the process if a syscall is issued within a restartable
* sequence .
*/
void rseq_syscall(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
unsigned long ip = instruction_pointer(regs);
struct task_struct *t = current;
struct rseq_cs rseq_cs;
if (!t->rseq)
return ;
if (rseq_get_rseq_cs(t, &rseq_cs) || in_rseq_cs(ip, &rseq_cs))
force_sig(SIGSEGV);
}
#endif
/*
* sys_rseq - setup restartable sequences for caller thread .
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE4(rseq, struct rseq __user *, rseq, u32, rseq_len,
int , flags, u32, sig)
{
int ret;
u64 rseq_cs;
if (flags & RSEQ_FLAG_UNREGISTER) {
if (flags & ~RSEQ_FLAG_UNREGISTER)
return -EINVAL;
/* Unregister rseq for current thread. */
if (current->rseq != rseq || !current->rseq)
return -EINVAL;
if (rseq_len != current->rseq_len)
return -EINVAL;
if (current->rseq_sig != sig)
return -EPERM;
ret = rseq_reset_rseq_cpu_node_id(current);
if (ret)
return ret;
current->rseq = NULL;
current->rseq_sig = 0 ;
current->rseq_len = 0 ;
return 0 ;
}
if (unlikely(flags))
return -EINVAL;
if (current->rseq) {
/*
* If rseq is already registered , check whether
* the provided address differs from the prior
* one .
*/
if (current->rseq != rseq || rseq_len != current->rseq_len)
return -EINVAL;
if (current->rseq_sig != sig)
return -EPERM;
/* Already registered. */
return -EBUSY;
}
/*
* If there was no rseq previously registered , ensure the provided rseq
* is properly aligned , as communcated to user - space through the ELF
* auxiliary vector AT_RSEQ_ALIGN . If rseq_len is the original rseq
* size , the required alignment is the original struct rseq alignment .
*
* In order to be valid , rseq_len is either the original rseq size , or
* large enough to contain all supported fields , as communicated to
* user - space through the ELF auxiliary vector AT_RSEQ_FEATURE_SIZE .
*/
if (rseq_len < ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE ||
(rseq_len == ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE && !IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long )rseq, ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE)) ||
(rseq_len != ORIG_RSEQ_SIZE && (!IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long )rseq, __alignof__(*rseq)) ||
rseq_len < offsetof(struct rseq, end))))
return -EINVAL;
if (!access_ok(rseq, rseq_len))
return -EFAULT;
/*
* If the rseq_cs pointer is non - NULL on registration , clear it to
* avoid a potential segfault on return to user - space . The proper thing
* to do would have been to fail the registration but this would break
* older libcs that reuse the rseq area for new threads without
* clearing the fields .
*/
if (rseq_get_rseq_cs_ptr_val(rseq, &rseq_cs))
return -EFAULT;
if (rseq_cs && clear_rseq_cs(rseq))
return -EFAULT;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RSEQ
/*
* Initialize the in - kernel rseq fields copy for validation of
* read - only fields .
*/
if (get_user(rseq_kernel_fields(current)->cpu_id_start, &rseq->cpu_id_start) ||
get_user(rseq_kernel_fields(current)->cpu_id, &rseq->cpu_id) ||
get_user(rseq_kernel_fields(current)->node_id, &rseq->node_id) ||
get_user(rseq_kernel_fields(current)->mm_cid, &rseq->mm_cid))
return -EFAULT;
#endif
/*
* Activate the registration by setting the rseq area address , length
* and signature in the task struct .
*/
current->rseq = rseq;
current->rseq_len = rseq_len;
current->rseq_sig = sig;
/*
* If rseq was previously inactive , and has just been
* registered , ensure the cpu_id_start and cpu_id fields
* are updated before returning to user - space .
*/
rseq_set_notify_resume(current);
return 0 ;
}
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