/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __LINUX_UACCESS_H__
#define __LINUX_UACCESS_H__
#include <linux/fault-inject-usercopy.h>
#include <linux/instrumented.h>
#include <linux/minmax.h>
#include <linux/nospec.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/ucopysize.h>
#include <asm /uaccess.h>
/*
* Architectures that support memory tagging ( assigning tags to memory regions ,
* embedding these tags into addresses that point to these memory regions , and
* checking that the memory and the pointer tags match on memory accesses )
* redefine this macro to strip tags from pointers .
*
* Passing down mm_struct allows to define untagging rules on per - process
* basis .
*
* It ' s defined as noop for architectures that don ' t support memory tagging .
*/
#ifndef untagged_addr
#define untagged_addr(addr) (addr)
#endif
#ifndef untagged_addr_remote
#define untagged_addr_remote(mm, addr) ({ \
mmap_assert_locked(mm); \
untagged_addr(addr); \
})
#endif
#ifdef masked_user_access_begin
#define can_do_masked_user_access() 1
#else
#define can_do_masked_user_access() 0
#define masked_user_access_begin(src) NULL
#define mask_user_address(src) (src)
#endif
/*
* Architectures should provide two primitives ( raw_copy_ { to , from } _ user ( ) )
* and get rid of their private instances of copy_ { to , from } _ user ( ) and
* _ _ copy_ { to , from } _ user { , _ inatomic } ( ) .
*
* raw_copy_ { to , from } _ user ( to , from , size ) should copy up to size bytes and
* return the amount left to copy . They should assume that access_ok ( ) has
* already been checked ( and succeeded ) ; they should * not * zero - pad anything .
* No KASAN or object size checks either - those belong here .
*
* Both of these functions should attempt to copy size bytes starting at from
* into the area starting at to . They must not fetch or store anything
* outside of those areas . Return value must be between 0 ( everything
* copied successfully ) and size ( nothing copied ) .
*
* If raw_copy_ { to , from } _ user ( to , from , size ) returns N , size - N bytes starting
* at to must become equal to the bytes fetched from the corresponding area
* starting at from . All data past to + size - N must be left unmodified .
*
* If copying succeeds , the return value must be 0 . If some data cannot be
* fetched , it is permitted to copy less than had been fetched ; the only
* hard requirement is that not storing anything at all ( i . e . returning size )
* should happen only when nothing could be copied . In other words , you don ' t
* have to squeeze as much as possible - it is allowed , but not necessary .
*
* For raw_copy_from_user ( ) to always points to kernel memory and no faults
* on store should happen . Interpretation of from is affected by set_fs ( ) .
* For raw_copy_to_user ( ) it ' s the other way round .
*
* Both can be inlined - it ' s up to architectures whether it wants to bother
* with that . They should not be used directly ; they are used to implement
* the 6 functions ( copy_ { to , from } _ user ( ) , _ _ copy_ { to , from } _ user_inatomic ( ) )
* that are used instead . Out of those , _ _ . . . ones are inlined . Plain
* copy_ { to , from } _ user ( ) might or might not be inlined . If you want them
* inlined , have asm / uaccess . h define INLINE_COPY_ { TO , FROM } _ USER .
*
* NOTE : only copy_from_user ( ) zero - pads the destination in case of short copy .
* Neither _ _ copy_from_user ( ) nor _ _ copy_from_user_inatomic ( ) zero anything
* at all ; their callers absolutely must check the return value .
*
* Biarch ones should also provide raw_copy_in_user ( ) - similar to the above ,
* but both source and destination are _ _ user pointers ( affected by set_fs ( )
* as usual ) and both source and destination can trigger faults .
*/
static __always_inline __must_check unsigned long
__copy_from_user_inatomic(void *to, const void __user *from, unsigned long n)
{
unsigned long res;
instrument_copy_from_user_before(to, from, n);
check_object_size(to, n, false );
res = raw_copy_from_user(to, from, n);
instrument_copy_from_user_after(to, from, n, res);
return res;
}
static __always_inline __must_check unsigned long
__copy_from_user(void *to, const void __user *from, unsigned long n)
{
unsigned long res;
might_fault();
instrument_copy_from_user_before(to, from, n);
if (should_fail_usercopy())
return n;
check_object_size(to, n, false );
res = raw_copy_from_user(to, from, n);
instrument_copy_from_user_after(to, from, n, res);
return res;
}
/**
* _ _ copy_to_user_inatomic : - Copy a block of data into user space , with less checking .
* @ to : Destination address , in user space .
* @ from : Source address , in kernel space .
* @ n : Number of bytes to copy .
*
* Context : User context only .
*
* Copy data from kernel space to user space . Caller must check
* the specified block with access_ok ( ) before calling this function .
* The caller should also make sure he pins the user space address
* so that we don ' t result in page fault and sleep .
*/
static __always_inline __must_check unsigned long
__copy_to_user_inatomic(void __user *to, const void *from, unsigned long n)
{
if (should_fail_usercopy())
return n;
instrument_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
check_object_size(from, n, true );
return raw_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
}
static __always_inline __must_check unsigned long
__copy_to_user(void __user *to, const void *from, unsigned long n)
{
might_fault();
if (should_fail_usercopy())
return n;
instrument_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
check_object_size(from, n, true );
return raw_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
}
/*
* Architectures that # define INLINE_COPY_TO_USER use this function
* directly in the normal copy_to / from_user ( ) , the other ones go
* through an extern _ copy_to / from_user ( ) , which expands the same code
* here .
*
* Rust code always uses the extern definition .
*/
static inline __must_check unsigned long
_inline_copy_from_user(void *to, const void __user *from, unsigned long n)
{
unsigned long res = n;
might_fault();
if (should_fail_usercopy())
goto fail;
if (can_do_masked_user_access())
from = mask_user_address(from);
else {
if (!access_ok(from, n))
goto fail;
/*
* Ensure that bad access_ok ( ) speculation will not
* lead to nasty side effects * after * the copy is
* finished :
*/
barrier_nospec();
}
instrument_copy_from_user_before(to, from, n);
res = raw_copy_from_user(to, from, n);
instrument_copy_from_user_after(to, from, n, res);
if (likely(!res))
return 0 ;
fail:
memset(to + (n - res), 0 , res);
return res;
}
extern __must_check unsigned long
_copy_from_user(void *, const void __user *, unsigned long );
static inline __must_check unsigned long
_inline_copy_to_user(void __user *to, const void *from, unsigned long n)
{
might_fault();
if (should_fail_usercopy())
return n;
if (access_ok(to, n)) {
instrument_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
n = raw_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
}
return n;
}
extern __must_check unsigned long
_copy_to_user(void __user *, const void *, unsigned long );
static __always_inline unsigned long __must_check
copy_from_user(void *to, const void __user *from, unsigned long n)
{
if (!check_copy_size(to, n, false ))
return n;
#ifdef INLINE_COPY_FROM_USER
return _inline_copy_from_user(to, from, n);
#else
return _copy_from_user(to, from, n);
#endif
}
static __always_inline unsigned long __must_check
copy_to_user(void __user *to, const void *from, unsigned long n)
{
if (!check_copy_size(from, n, true ))
return n;
#ifdef INLINE_COPY_TO_USER
return _inline_copy_to_user(to, from, n);
#else
return _copy_to_user(to, from, n);
#endif
}
#ifndef copy_mc_to_kernel
/*
* Without arch opt - in this generic copy_mc_to_kernel ( ) will not handle
* # MC ( or arch equivalent ) during source read .
*/
static inline unsigned long __must_check
copy_mc_to_kernel(void *dst, const void *src, size_t cnt)
{
memcpy(dst, src, cnt);
return 0 ;
}
#endif
static __always_inline void pagefault_disabled_inc(void )
{
current->pagefault_disabled++;
}
static __always_inline void pagefault_disabled_dec(void )
{
current->pagefault_disabled--;
}
/*
* These routines enable / disable the pagefault handler . If disabled , it will
* not take any locks and go straight to the fixup table .
*
* User access methods will not sleep when called from a pagefault_disabled ( )
* environment .
*/
static inline void pagefault_disable(void )
{
pagefault_disabled_inc();
/*
* make sure to have issued the store before a pagefault
* can hit .
*/
barrier();
}
static inline void pagefault_enable(void )
{
/*
* make sure to issue those last loads / stores before enabling
* the pagefault handler again .
*/
barrier();
pagefault_disabled_dec();
}
/*
* Is the pagefault handler disabled ? If so , user access methods will not sleep .
*/
static inline bool pagefault_disabled(void )
{
return current->pagefault_disabled != 0 ;
}
/*
* The pagefault handler is in general disabled by pagefault_disable ( ) or
* when in irq context ( via in_atomic ( ) ) .
*
* This function should only be used by the fault handlers . Other users should
* stick to pagefault_disabled ( ) .
* Please NEVER use preempt_disable ( ) to disable the fault handler . With
* ! CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT , this is like a NOP . So the handler won ' t be disabled .
* in_atomic ( ) will report different values based on ! CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT .
*/
#define faulthandler_disabled() (pagefault_disabled() || in_atomic())
DEFINE_LOCK_GUARD_0(pagefault, pagefault_disable(), pagefault_enable())
#ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SUBPAGE_FAULTS
/**
* probe_subpage_writeable : probe the user range for write faults at sub - page
* granularity ( e . g . arm64 MTE )
* @ uaddr : start of address range
* @ size : size of address range
*
* Returns 0 on success , the number of bytes not probed on fault .
*
* It is expected that the caller checked for the write permission of each
* page in the range either by put_user ( ) or GUP . The architecture port can
* implement a more efficient get_user ( ) probing if the same sub - page faults
* are triggered by either a read or a write .
*/
static inline size_t probe_subpage_writeable(char __user *uaddr, size_t size)
{
return 0 ;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SUBPAGE_FAULTS */
#ifndef ARCH_HAS_NOCACHE_UACCESS
static inline __must_check unsigned long
__copy_from_user_inatomic_nocache(void *to, const void __user *from,
unsigned long n)
{
return __copy_from_user_inatomic(to, from, n);
}
#endif /* ARCH_HAS_NOCACHE_UACCESS */
extern __must_check int check_zeroed_user(const void __user *from, size_t size);
/**
* copy_struct_from_user : copy a struct from userspace
* @ dst : Destination address , in kernel space . This buffer must be @ ksize
* bytes long .
* @ ksize : Size of @ dst struct .
* @ src : Source address , in userspace .
* @ usize : ( Alleged ) size of @ src struct .
*
* Copies a struct from userspace to kernel space , in a way that guarantees
* backwards - compatibility for struct syscall arguments ( as long as future
* struct extensions are made such that all new fields are * appended * to the
* old struct , and zeroed - out new fields have the same meaning as the old
* struct ) .
*
* @ ksize is just sizeof ( * dst ) , and @ usize should ' ve been passed by userspace .
* The recommended usage is something like the following :
*
* SYSCALL_DEFINE2 ( foobar , const struct foo _ _ user * , uarg , size_t , usize )
* {
* int err ;
* struct foo karg = { } ;
*
* if ( usize > PAGE_SIZE )
* return - E2BIG ;
* if ( usize < FOO_SIZE_VER0 )
* return - EINVAL ;
*
* err = copy_struct_from_user ( & karg , sizeof ( karg ) , uarg , usize ) ;
* if ( err )
* return err ;
*
* // ...
* }
*
* There are three cases to consider :
* * If @ usize = = @ ksize , then it ' s copied verbatim .
* * If @ usize < @ ksize , then the userspace has passed an old struct to a
* newer kernel . The rest of the trailing bytes in @ dst ( @ ksize - @ usize )
* are to be zero - filled .
* * If @ usize > @ ksize , then the userspace has passed a new struct to an
* older kernel . The trailing bytes unknown to the kernel ( @ usize - @ ksize )
* are checked to ensure they are zeroed , otherwise - E2BIG is returned .
*
* Returns ( in all cases , some data may have been copied ) :
* * - E2BIG : ( @ usize > @ ksize ) and there are non - zero trailing bytes in @ src .
* * - EFAULT : access to userspace failed .
*/
static __always_inline __must_check int
copy_struct_from_user(void *dst, size_t ksize, const void __user *src,
size_t usize)
{
size_t size = min(ksize, usize);
size_t rest = max(ksize, usize) - size;
/* Double check if ksize is larger than a known object size. */
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ksize > __builtin_object_size(dst, 1 )))
return -E2BIG;
/* Deal with trailing bytes. */
if (usize < ksize) {
memset(dst + size, 0 , rest);
} else if (usize > ksize) {
int ret = check_zeroed_user(src + size, rest);
if (ret <= 0 )
return ret ?: -E2BIG;
}
/* Copy the interoperable parts of the struct. */
if (copy_from_user(dst, src, size))
return -EFAULT;
return 0 ;
}
/**
* copy_struct_to_user : copy a struct to userspace
* @ dst : Destination address , in userspace . This buffer must be @ ksize
* bytes long .
* @ usize : ( Alleged ) size of @ dst struct .
* @ src : Source address , in kernel space .
* @ ksize : Size of @ src struct .
* @ ignored_trailing : Set to % true if there was a non - zero byte in @ src that
* userspace cannot see because they are using an smaller struct .
*
* Copies a struct from kernel space to userspace , in a way that guarantees
* backwards - compatibility for struct syscall arguments ( as long as future
* struct extensions are made such that all new fields are * appended * to the
* old struct , and zeroed - out new fields have the same meaning as the old
* struct ) .
*
* Some syscalls may wish to make sure that userspace knows about everything in
* the struct , and if there is a non - zero value that userspce doesn ' t know
* about , they want to return an error ( such as - EMSGSIZE ) or have some other
* fallback ( such as adding a " you ' re missing some information " flag ) . If
* @ ignored_trailing is non - % NULL , it will be set to % true if there was a
* non - zero byte that could not be copied to userspace ( ie . was past @ usize ) .
*
* While unconditionally returning an error in this case is the simplest
* solution , for maximum backward compatibility you should try to only return
* - EMSGSIZE if the user explicitly requested the data that couldn ' t be copied .
* Note that structure sizes can change due to header changes and simple
* recompilations without code changes ( ! ) , so if you care about
* @ ignored_trailing you probably want to make sure that any new field data is
* associated with a flag . Otherwise you might assume that a program knows
* about data it does not .
*
* @ ksize is just sizeof ( * src ) , and @ usize should ' ve been passed by userspace .
* The recommended usage is something like the following :
*
* SYSCALL_DEFINE2 ( foobar , struct foo _ _ user * , uarg , size_t , usize )
* {
* int err ;
* bool ignored_trailing ;
* struct foo karg = { } ;
*
* if ( usize > PAGE_SIZE )
* return - E2BIG ;
* if ( usize < FOO_SIZE_VER0 )
* return - EINVAL ;
*
* // ... modify karg somehow ...
*
* err = copy_struct_to_user ( uarg , usize , & karg , sizeof ( karg ) ,
* & ignored_trailing ) ;
* if ( err )
* return err ;
* if ( ignored_trailing )
* return - EMSGSIZE :
*
* // ...
* }
*
* There are three cases to consider :
* * If @ usize = = @ ksize , then it ' s copied verbatim .
* * If @ usize < @ ksize , then the kernel is trying to pass userspace a newer
* struct than it supports . Thus we only copy the interoperable portions
* ( @ usize ) and ignore the rest ( but @ ignored_trailing is set to % true if
* any of the trailing ( @ ksize - @ usize ) bytes are non - zero ) .
* * If @ usize > @ ksize , then the kernel is trying to pass userspace an older
* struct than userspace supports . In order to make sure the
* unknown - to - the - kernel fields don ' t contain garbage values , we zero the
* trailing ( @ usize - @ ksize ) bytes .
*
* Returns ( in all cases , some data may have been copied ) :
* * - EFAULT : access to userspace failed .
*/
static __always_inline __must_check int
copy_struct_to_user(void __user *dst, size_t usize, const void *src,
size_t ksize, bool *ignored_trailing)
{
size_t size = min(ksize, usize);
size_t rest = max(ksize, usize) - size;
/* Double check if ksize is larger than a known object size. */
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ksize > __builtin_object_size(src, 1 )))
return -E2BIG;
/* Deal with trailing bytes. */
if (usize > ksize) {
if (clear_user(dst + size, rest))
return -EFAULT;
}
if (ignored_trailing)
*ignored_trailing = ksize < usize &&
memchr_inv(src + size, 0 , rest) != NULL;
/* Copy the interoperable parts of the struct. */
if (copy_to_user(dst, src, size))
return -EFAULT;
return 0 ;
}
bool copy_from_kernel_nofault_allowed(const void *unsafe_src, size_t size);
long copy_from_kernel_nofault(void *dst, const void *src, size_t size);
long notrace copy_to_kernel_nofault(void *dst, const void *src, size_t size);
long copy_from_user_nofault(void *dst, const void __user *src, size_t size);
long notrace copy_to_user_nofault(void __user *dst, const void *src,
size_t size);
long strncpy_from_kernel_nofault(char *dst, const void *unsafe_addr,
long count);
long strncpy_from_user_nofault(char *dst, const void __user *unsafe_addr,
long count);
long strnlen_user_nofault(const void __user *unsafe_addr, long count);
#ifndef __get_kernel_nofault
#define __get_kernel_nofault(dst, src, type, label) \
do { \
type __user *p = (type __force __user *)(src); \
type data; \
if (__get_user(data, p)) \
goto label; \
*(type *)dst = data; \
} while (0 )
#define __put_kernel_nofault(dst, src, type, label) \
do { \
type __user *p = (type __force __user *)(dst); \
type data = *(type *)src; \
if (__put_user(data, p)) \
goto label; \
} while (0 )
#endif
/**
* get_kernel_nofault ( ) : safely attempt to read from a location
* @ val : read into this variable
* @ ptr : address to read from
*
* Returns 0 on success , or - EFAULT .
*/
#define get_kernel_nofault(val, ptr) ({ \
const typeof(val) *__gk_ptr = (ptr); \
copy_from_kernel_nofault(&(val), __gk_ptr, sizeof (val));\
})
#ifndef user_access_begin
#define user_access_begin(ptr,len) access_ok(ptr, len)
#define user_access_end() do { } while (0 )
#define unsafe_op_wrap(op, err) do { if (unlikely(op)) goto err; } while (0 )
#define unsafe_get_user(x,p,e) unsafe_op_wrap(__get_user(x,p),e)
#define unsafe_put_user(x,p,e) unsafe_op_wrap(__put_user(x,p),e)
#define unsafe_copy_to_user(d,s,l,e) unsafe_op_wrap(__copy_to_user(d,s,l),e)
#define unsafe_copy_from_user(d,s,l,e) unsafe_op_wrap(__copy_from_user(d,s,l),e)
static inline unsigned long user_access_save(void ) { return 0 UL; }
static inline void user_access_restore(unsigned long flags) { }
#endif
#ifndef user_write_access_begin
#define user_write_access_begin user_access_begin
#define user_write_access_end user_access_end
#endif
#ifndef user_read_access_begin
#define user_read_access_begin user_access_begin
#define user_read_access_end user_access_end
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY
void __noreturn usercopy_abort(const char *name, const char *detail,
bool to_user, unsigned long offset,
unsigned long len);
#endif
#endif /* __LINUX_UACCESS_H__ */
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