// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/utsname.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include "ext4.h"
/* Checksumming functions */
static __le32 ext4_mmp_csum(struct super_block *sb, struct mmp_struct *mmp)
{
struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
int offset = offsetof(struct mmp_struct, mmp_checksum);
__u32 csum;
csum = ext4_chksum(sbi->s_csum_seed, (char *)mmp, offset);
return cpu_to_le32(csum);
}
static int ext4_mmp_csum_verify(struct super_block *sb, struct mmp_struct *mmp)
{
if (!ext4_has_feature_metadata_csum(sb))
return 1 ;
return mmp->mmp_checksum == ext4_mmp_csum(sb, mmp);
}
static void ext4_mmp_csum_set(struct super_block *sb, struct mmp_struct *mmp)
{
if (!ext4_has_feature_metadata_csum(sb))
return ;
mmp->mmp_checksum = ext4_mmp_csum(sb, mmp);
}
/*
* Write the MMP block using REQ_SYNC to try to get the block on - disk
* faster .
*/
static int write_mmp_block_thawed(struct super_block *sb,
struct buffer_head *bh)
{
struct mmp_struct *mmp = (struct mmp_struct *)(bh->b_data);
ext4_mmp_csum_set(sb, mmp);
lock_buffer(bh);
bh->b_end_io = end_buffer_write_sync;
get_bh(bh);
submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, bh);
wait_on_buffer(bh);
if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
return -EIO;
return 0 ;
}
static int write_mmp_block(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head *bh)
{
int err;
/*
* We protect against freezing so that we don ' t create dirty buffers
* on frozen filesystem .
*/
sb_start_write(sb);
err = write_mmp_block_thawed(sb, bh);
sb_end_write(sb);
return err;
}
/*
* Read the MMP block . It _ must_ be read from disk and hence we clear the
* uptodate flag on the buffer .
*/
static int read_mmp_block(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head **bh,
ext4_fsblk_t mmp_block)
{
struct mmp_struct *mmp;
int ret;
if (*bh)
clear_buffer_uptodate(*bh);
/* This would be sb_bread(sb, mmp_block), except we need to be sure
* that the MD RAID device cache has been bypassed , and that the read
* is not blocked in the elevator. */
if (!*bh) {
*bh = sb_getblk(sb, mmp_block);
if (!*bh) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto warn_exit;
}
}
lock_buffer(*bh);
ret = ext4_read_bh(*bh, REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, NULL, false );
if (ret)
goto warn_exit;
mmp = (struct mmp_struct *)((*bh)->b_data);
if (le32_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_magic) != EXT4_MMP_MAGIC) {
ret = -EFSCORRUPTED;
goto warn_exit;
}
if (!ext4_mmp_csum_verify(sb, mmp)) {
ret = -EFSBADCRC;
goto warn_exit;
}
return 0 ;
warn_exit:
brelse(*bh);
*bh = NULL;
ext4_warning(sb, "Error %d while reading MMP block %llu" ,
ret, mmp_block);
return ret;
}
/*
* Dump as much information as possible to help the admin .
*/
void __dump_mmp_msg(struct super_block *sb, struct mmp_struct *mmp,
const char *function, unsigned int line, const char *msg)
{
__ext4_warning(sb, function, line, "%s" , msg);
__ext4_warning(sb, function, line,
"MMP failure info: last update time: %llu, last update node: %.*s, last update device: %.*s" ,
(unsigned long long )le64_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_time),
(int )sizeof (mmp->mmp_nodename), mmp->mmp_nodename,
(int )sizeof (mmp->mmp_bdevname), mmp->mmp_bdevname);
}
/*
* kmmpd will update the MMP sequence every s_mmp_update_interval seconds
*/
static int kmmpd(void *data)
{
struct super_block *sb = data;
struct ext4_super_block *es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
struct buffer_head *bh = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mmp_bh;
struct mmp_struct *mmp;
ext4_fsblk_t mmp_block;
u32 seq = 0 ;
unsigned long failed_writes = 0 ;
int mmp_update_interval = le16_to_cpu(es->s_mmp_update_interval);
unsigned mmp_check_interval;
unsigned long last_update_time;
unsigned long diff;
int retval = 0 ;
mmp_block = le64_to_cpu(es->s_mmp_block);
mmp = (struct mmp_struct *)(bh->b_data);
mmp->mmp_time = cpu_to_le64(ktime_get_real_seconds());
/*
* Start with the higher mmp_check_interval and reduce it if
* the MMP block is being updated on time .
*/
mmp_check_interval = max(EXT4_MMP_CHECK_MULT * mmp_update_interval,
EXT4_MMP_MIN_CHECK_INTERVAL);
mmp->mmp_check_interval = cpu_to_le16(mmp_check_interval);
memcpy(mmp->mmp_nodename, init_utsname()->nodename,
sizeof (mmp->mmp_nodename));
while (!kthread_should_stop() && !ext4_emergency_state(sb)) {
if (!ext4_has_feature_mmp(sb)) {
ext4_warning(sb, "kmmpd being stopped since MMP feature"
" has been disabled." );
goto wait_to_exit;
}
if (++seq > EXT4_MMP_SEQ_MAX)
seq = 1 ;
mmp->mmp_seq = cpu_to_le32(seq);
mmp->mmp_time = cpu_to_le64(ktime_get_real_seconds());
last_update_time = jiffies;
retval = write_mmp_block(sb, bh);
/*
* Don ' t spew too many error messages . Print one every
* ( s_mmp_update_interval * 60 ) seconds .
*/
if (retval) {
if ((failed_writes % 60 ) == 0 ) {
ext4_error_err(sb, -retval,
"Error writing to MMP block" );
}
failed_writes++;
}
diff = jiffies - last_update_time;
if (diff < mmp_update_interval * HZ)
schedule_timeout_interruptible(mmp_update_interval *
HZ - diff);
/*
* We need to make sure that more than mmp_check_interval
* seconds have not passed since writing . If that has happened
* we need to check if the MMP block is as we left it .
*/
diff = jiffies - last_update_time;
if (diff > mmp_check_interval * HZ) {
struct buffer_head *bh_check = NULL;
struct mmp_struct *mmp_check;
retval = read_mmp_block(sb, &bh_check, mmp_block);
if (retval) {
ext4_error_err(sb, -retval,
"error reading MMP data: %d" ,
retval);
goto wait_to_exit;
}
mmp_check = (struct mmp_struct *)(bh_check->b_data);
if (mmp->mmp_seq != mmp_check->mmp_seq ||
memcmp(mmp->mmp_nodename, mmp_check->mmp_nodename,
sizeof (mmp->mmp_nodename))) {
dump_mmp_msg(sb, mmp_check,
"Error while updating MMP info. "
"The filesystem seems to have been"
" multiply mounted." );
ext4_error_err(sb, EBUSY, "abort" );
put_bh(bh_check);
retval = -EBUSY;
goto wait_to_exit;
}
put_bh(bh_check);
}
/*
* Adjust the mmp_check_interval depending on how much time
* it took for the MMP block to be written .
*/
mmp_check_interval = max(min(EXT4_MMP_CHECK_MULT * diff / HZ,
EXT4_MMP_MAX_CHECK_INTERVAL),
EXT4_MMP_MIN_CHECK_INTERVAL);
mmp->mmp_check_interval = cpu_to_le16(mmp_check_interval);
}
/*
* Unmount seems to be clean .
*/
mmp->mmp_seq = cpu_to_le32(EXT4_MMP_SEQ_CLEAN);
mmp->mmp_time = cpu_to_le64(ktime_get_real_seconds());
retval = write_mmp_block(sb, bh);
wait_to_exit:
while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
if (!kthread_should_stop())
schedule();
}
set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
return retval;
}
void ext4_stop_mmpd(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi)
{
if (sbi->s_mmp_tsk) {
kthread_stop(sbi->s_mmp_tsk);
brelse(sbi->s_mmp_bh);
sbi->s_mmp_tsk = NULL;
}
}
/*
* Get a random new sequence number but make sure it is not greater than
* EXT4_MMP_SEQ_MAX .
*/
static unsigned int mmp_new_seq(void )
{
return get_random_u32_below(EXT4_MMP_SEQ_MAX + 1 );
}
/*
* Protect the filesystem from being mounted more than once .
*/
int ext4_multi_mount_protect(struct super_block *sb,
ext4_fsblk_t mmp_block)
{
struct ext4_super_block *es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
struct mmp_struct *mmp = NULL;
u32 seq;
unsigned int mmp_check_interval = le16_to_cpu(es->s_mmp_update_interval);
unsigned int wait_time = 0 ;
int retval;
if (mmp_block < le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block) ||
mmp_block >= ext4_blocks_count(es)) {
ext4_warning(sb, "Invalid MMP block in superblock" );
retval = -EINVAL;
goto failed;
}
retval = read_mmp_block(sb, &bh, mmp_block);
if (retval)
goto failed;
mmp = (struct mmp_struct *)(bh->b_data);
if (mmp_check_interval < EXT4_MMP_MIN_CHECK_INTERVAL)
mmp_check_interval = EXT4_MMP_MIN_CHECK_INTERVAL;
/*
* If check_interval in MMP block is larger , use that instead of
* update_interval from the superblock .
*/
if (le16_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_check_interval) > mmp_check_interval)
mmp_check_interval = le16_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_check_interval);
seq = le32_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_seq);
if (seq == EXT4_MMP_SEQ_CLEAN)
goto skip;
if (seq == EXT4_MMP_SEQ_FSCK) {
dump_mmp_msg(sb, mmp, "fsck is running on the filesystem" );
retval = -EBUSY;
goto failed;
}
wait_time = min(mmp_check_interval * 2 + 1 ,
mmp_check_interval + 60 );
/* Print MMP interval if more than 20 secs. */
if (wait_time > EXT4_MMP_MIN_CHECK_INTERVAL * 4 )
ext4_warning(sb, "MMP interval %u higher than expected, please"
" wait.\n" , wait_time * 2 );
if (schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ * wait_time) != 0 ) {
ext4_warning(sb, "MMP startup interrupted, failing mount\n" );
retval = -ETIMEDOUT;
goto failed;
}
retval = read_mmp_block(sb, &bh, mmp_block);
if (retval)
goto failed;
mmp = (struct mmp_struct *)(bh->b_data);
if (seq != le32_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_seq)) {
dump_mmp_msg(sb, mmp,
"Device is already active on another node." );
retval = -EBUSY;
goto failed;
}
skip:
/*
* write a new random sequence number .
*/
seq = mmp_new_seq();
mmp->mmp_seq = cpu_to_le32(seq);
/*
* On mount / remount we are protected against fs freezing ( by s_umount
* semaphore ) and grabbing freeze protection upsets lockdep
*/
retval = write_mmp_block_thawed(sb, bh);
if (retval)
goto failed;
/*
* wait for MMP interval and check mmp_seq .
*/
if (schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ * wait_time) != 0 ) {
ext4_warning(sb, "MMP startup interrupted, failing mount" );
retval = -ETIMEDOUT;
goto failed;
}
retval = read_mmp_block(sb, &bh, mmp_block);
if (retval)
goto failed;
mmp = (struct mmp_struct *)(bh->b_data);
if (seq != le32_to_cpu(mmp->mmp_seq)) {
dump_mmp_msg(sb, mmp,
"Device is already active on another node." );
retval = -EBUSY;
goto failed;
}
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mmp_bh = bh;
BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof (mmp->mmp_bdevname) < BDEVNAME_SIZE);
snprintf(mmp->mmp_bdevname, sizeof (mmp->mmp_bdevname),
"%pg" , bh->b_bdev);
/*
* Start a kernel thread to update the MMP block periodically .
*/
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mmp_tsk = kthread_run(kmmpd, sb, "kmmpd-%.*s" ,
(int )sizeof (mmp->mmp_bdevname),
mmp->mmp_bdevname);
if (IS_ERR(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mmp_tsk)) {
EXT4_SB(sb)->s_mmp_tsk = NULL;
ext4_warning(sb, "Unable to create kmmpd thread for %s." ,
sb->s_id);
retval = -ENOMEM;
goto failed;
}
return 0 ;
failed:
brelse(bh);
return retval;
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=96 H=75 G=86
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.14 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-29)
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