// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
* HX711 : analog to digital converter for weight sensor module
*
* Copyright ( c ) 2016 Andreas Klinger < ak @ it - klinger . de >
*/
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mod_devicetable.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/property.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/iio/iio.h>
#include <linux/iio/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/iio/buffer.h>
#include <linux/iio/trigger_consumer.h>
#include <linux/iio/triggered_buffer.h>
#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
#include <linux/regulator/consumer.h>
/* gain to pulse and scale conversion */
#define HX711_GAIN_MAX 3
#define HX711_RESET_GAIN 128
struct hx711_gain_to_scale {
int gain;
int gain_pulse;
int scale;
int channel;
};
/*
* . scale depends on AVDD which in turn is known as soon as the regulator
* is available
* therefore we set . scale in hx711_probe ( )
*
* channel A in documentation is channel 0 in source code
* channel B in documentation is channel 1 in source code
*/
static struct hx711_gain_to_scale hx711_gain_to_scale[HX711_GAIN_MAX] = {
{ 128 , 1 , 0 , 0 },
{ 32 , 2 , 0 , 1 },
{ 64 , 3 , 0 , 0 }
};
static int hx711_get_gain_to_pulse(int gain)
{
int i;
for (i = 0 ; i < HX711_GAIN_MAX; i++)
if (hx711_gain_to_scale[i].gain == gain)
return hx711_gain_to_scale[i].gain_pulse;
return 1 ;
}
static int hx711_get_gain_to_scale(int gain)
{
int i;
for (i = 0 ; i < HX711_GAIN_MAX; i++)
if (hx711_gain_to_scale[i].gain == gain)
return hx711_gain_to_scale[i].scale;
return 0 ;
}
static int hx711_get_scale_to_gain(int scale)
{
int i;
for (i = 0 ; i < HX711_GAIN_MAX; i++)
if (hx711_gain_to_scale[i].scale == scale)
return hx711_gain_to_scale[i].gain;
return -EINVAL;
}
struct hx711_data {
struct device *dev;
struct gpio_desc *gpiod_pd_sck;
struct gpio_desc *gpiod_dout;
int gain_set; /* gain set on device */
int gain_chan_a; /* gain for channel A */
struct mutex lock;
/*
* triggered buffer
* 2 x32 - bit channel + 64 - bit naturally aligned timestamp
*/
struct {
u32 channel[2 ];
aligned_s64 timestamp;
} buffer;
/*
* delay after a rising edge on SCK until the data is ready DOUT
* this is dependent on the hx711 where the datasheet tells a
* maximum value of 100 ns
* but also on potential parasitic capacities on the wiring
*/
u32 data_ready_delay_ns;
u32 clock_frequency;
};
static int hx711_cycle(struct hx711_data *hx711_data)
{
unsigned long flags;
/*
* if preempted for more then 60 us while PD_SCK is high :
* hx711 is going in reset
* = = > measuring is false
*/
local_irq_save(flags);
gpiod_set_value(hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck, 1 );
/*
* wait until DOUT is ready
* it turned out that parasitic capacities are extending the time
* until DOUT has reached it ' s value
*/
ndelay(hx711_data->data_ready_delay_ns);
/*
* here we are not waiting for 0 . 2 us as suggested by the datasheet ,
* because the oscilloscope showed in a test scenario
* at least 1 . 15 us for PD_SCK high ( T3 in datasheet )
* and 0 . 56 us for PD_SCK low on TI Sitara with 800 MHz
*/
gpiod_set_value(hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck, 0 );
local_irq_restore(flags);
/*
* make it a square wave for addressing cases with capacitance on
* PC_SCK
*/
ndelay(hx711_data->data_ready_delay_ns);
/* sample as late as possible */
return gpiod_get_value(hx711_data->gpiod_dout);
}
static int hx711_read(struct hx711_data *hx711_data)
{
int i, ret;
int value = 0 ;
int val = gpiod_get_value(hx711_data->gpiod_dout);
/* we double check if it's really down */
if (val)
return -EIO;
for (i = 0 ; i < 24 ; i++) {
value <<= 1 ;
ret = hx711_cycle(hx711_data);
if (ret)
value++;
}
value ^= 0 x800000;
for (i = 0 ; i < hx711_get_gain_to_pulse(hx711_data->gain_set); i++)
hx711_cycle(hx711_data);
return value;
}
static int hx711_wait_for_ready(struct hx711_data *hx711_data)
{
int i, val;
/*
* in some rare cases the reset takes quite a long time
* especially when the channel is changed .
* Allow up to one second for it
*/
for (i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++) {
val = gpiod_get_value(hx711_data->gpiod_dout);
if (!val)
break ;
/* sleep at least 10 ms */
msleep(10 );
}
if (val)
return -EIO;
return 0 ;
}
static int hx711_reset(struct hx711_data *hx711_data)
{
int val = hx711_wait_for_ready(hx711_data);
if (val) {
/*
* an examination with the oszilloscope indicated
* that the first value read after the reset is not stable
* if we reset too short ;
* the shorter the reset cycle
* the less reliable the first value after reset is ;
* there were no problems encountered with a value
* of 10 ms or higher
*/
gpiod_set_value(hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck, 1 );
msleep(10 );
gpiod_set_value(hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck, 0 );
val = hx711_wait_for_ready(hx711_data);
/* after a reset the gain is 128 */
hx711_data->gain_set = HX711_RESET_GAIN;
}
return val;
}
static int hx711_set_gain_for_channel(struct hx711_data *hx711_data, int chan)
{
int ret;
if (chan == 0 ) {
if (hx711_data->gain_set == 32 ) {
hx711_data->gain_set = hx711_data->gain_chan_a;
ret = hx711_read(hx711_data);
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
ret = hx711_wait_for_ready(hx711_data);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
} else {
if (hx711_data->gain_set != 32 ) {
hx711_data->gain_set = 32 ;
ret = hx711_read(hx711_data);
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
ret = hx711_wait_for_ready(hx711_data);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
}
return 0 ;
}
static int hx711_reset_read(struct hx711_data *hx711_data, int chan)
{
int ret;
int val;
/*
* hx711_reset ( ) must be called from here
* because it could be calling hx711_read ( ) by itself
*/
if (hx711_reset(hx711_data)) {
dev_err(hx711_data->dev, "reset failed!" );
return -EIO;
}
ret = hx711_set_gain_for_channel(hx711_data, chan);
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
val = hx711_read(hx711_data);
return val;
}
static int hx711_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
const struct iio_chan_spec *chan,
int *val, int *val2, long mask)
{
struct hx711_data *hx711_data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
switch (mask) {
case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW:
mutex_lock(&hx711_data->lock);
*val = hx711_reset_read(hx711_data, chan->channel);
mutex_unlock(&hx711_data->lock);
if (*val < 0 )
return *val;
return IIO_VAL_INT;
case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
*val = 0 ;
mutex_lock(&hx711_data->lock);
*val2 = hx711_get_gain_to_scale(hx711_data->gain_set);
mutex_unlock(&hx711_data->lock);
return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_NANO;
default :
return -EINVAL;
}
}
static int hx711_write_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
int val,
int val2,
long mask)
{
struct hx711_data *hx711_data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
int ret;
int gain;
switch (mask) {
case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
/*
* a scale greater than 1 mV per LSB is not possible
* with the HX711 , therefore val must be 0
*/
if (val != 0 )
return -EINVAL;
mutex_lock(&hx711_data->lock);
gain = hx711_get_scale_to_gain(val2);
if (gain < 0 ) {
mutex_unlock(&hx711_data->lock);
return gain;
}
if (gain != hx711_data->gain_set) {
hx711_data->gain_set = gain;
if (gain != 32 )
hx711_data->gain_chan_a = gain;
ret = hx711_read(hx711_data);
if (ret < 0 ) {
mutex_unlock(&hx711_data->lock);
return ret;
}
}
mutex_unlock(&hx711_data->lock);
return 0 ;
default :
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0 ;
}
static int hx711_write_raw_get_fmt(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
long mask)
{
return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_NANO;
}
static irqreturn_t hx711_trigger(int irq, void *p)
{
struct iio_poll_func *pf = p;
struct iio_dev *indio_dev = pf->indio_dev;
struct hx711_data *hx711_data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
int i, j = 0 ;
mutex_lock(&hx711_data->lock);
memset(&hx711_data->buffer, 0 , sizeof (hx711_data->buffer));
iio_for_each_active_channel(indio_dev, i) {
hx711_data->buffer.channel[j] = hx711_reset_read(hx711_data,
indio_dev->channels[i].channel);
j++;
}
iio_push_to_buffers_with_timestamp(indio_dev, &hx711_data->buffer,
pf->timestamp);
mutex_unlock(&hx711_data->lock);
iio_trigger_notify_done(indio_dev->trig);
return IRQ_HANDLED;
}
static ssize_t hx711_scale_available_show(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr,
char *buf)
{
struct iio_dev_attr *iio_attr = to_iio_dev_attr(attr);
int channel = iio_attr->address;
int i, len = 0 ;
for (i = 0 ; i < HX711_GAIN_MAX; i++)
if (hx711_gain_to_scale[i].channel == channel)
len += sprintf(buf + len, "0.%09d " ,
hx711_gain_to_scale[i].scale);
len += sprintf(buf + len, "\n" );
return len;
}
static IIO_DEVICE_ATTR(in_voltage0_scale_available, S_IRUGO,
hx711_scale_available_show, NULL, 0 );
static IIO_DEVICE_ATTR(in_voltage1_scale_available, S_IRUGO,
hx711_scale_available_show, NULL, 1 );
static struct attribute *hx711_attributes[] = {
&iio_dev_attr_in_voltage0_scale_available.dev_attr.attr,
&iio_dev_attr_in_voltage1_scale_available.dev_attr.attr,
NULL,
};
static const struct attribute_group hx711_attribute_group = {
.attrs = hx711_attributes,
};
static const struct iio_info hx711_iio_info = {
.read_raw = hx711_read_raw,
.write_raw = hx711_write_raw,
.write_raw_get_fmt = hx711_write_raw_get_fmt,
.attrs = &hx711_attribute_group,
};
static const struct iio_chan_spec hx711_chan_spec[] = {
{
.type = IIO_VOLTAGE,
.channel = 0 ,
.indexed = 1 ,
.info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW),
.info_mask_shared_by_type = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE),
.scan_index = 0 ,
.scan_type = {
.sign = 'u' ,
.realbits = 24 ,
.storagebits = 32 ,
.endianness = IIO_CPU,
},
},
{
.type = IIO_VOLTAGE,
.channel = 1 ,
.indexed = 1 ,
.info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW),
.info_mask_shared_by_type = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE),
.scan_index = 1 ,
.scan_type = {
.sign = 'u' ,
.realbits = 24 ,
.storagebits = 32 ,
.endianness = IIO_CPU,
},
},
IIO_CHAN_SOFT_TIMESTAMP(2 ),
};
static int hx711_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
struct hx711_data *hx711_data;
struct iio_dev *indio_dev;
int ret;
int i;
indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof (struct hx711_data));
if (!indio_dev)
return dev_err_probe(dev, -ENOMEM, "failed to allocate IIO device\n" );
hx711_data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
hx711_data->dev = dev;
mutex_init(&hx711_data->lock);
/*
* PD_SCK stands for power down and serial clock input of HX711
* in the driver it is an output
*/
hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "sck" , GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
if (IS_ERR(hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck))
return dev_err_probe(dev, PTR_ERR(hx711_data->gpiod_pd_sck),
"failed to get sck-gpiod\n" );
/*
* DOUT stands for serial data output of HX711
* for the driver it is an input
*/
hx711_data->gpiod_dout = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "dout" , GPIOD_IN);
if (IS_ERR(hx711_data->gpiod_dout))
return dev_err_probe(dev, PTR_ERR(hx711_data->gpiod_dout),
"failed to get dout-gpiod\n" );
ret = devm_regulator_get_enable_read_voltage(dev, "avdd" );
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
/*
* with
* full scale differential input range : AVDD / GAIN
* full scale output data : 2 ^ 24
* we can say :
* AVDD / GAIN = 2 ^ 24
* therefore :
* 1 LSB = AVDD / GAIN / 2 ^ 24
* AVDD is in uV , but we need 10 ^ - 9 mV
* approximately to fit into a 32 bit number :
* 1 LSB = ( AVDD * 100 ) / GAIN / 1678 [ 10 ^ - 9 mV ]
*/
/* we need 10^-9 mV */
ret *= 100 ;
for (i = 0 ; i < HX711_GAIN_MAX; i++)
hx711_gain_to_scale[i].scale =
ret / hx711_gain_to_scale[i].gain / 1678 ;
hx711_data->gain_set = 128 ;
hx711_data->gain_chan_a = 128 ;
hx711_data->clock_frequency = 400000 ;
ret = device_property_read_u32(&pdev->dev, "clock-frequency" ,
&hx711_data->clock_frequency);
/*
* datasheet says the high level of PD_SCK has a maximum duration
* of 50 microseconds
*/
if (hx711_data->clock_frequency < 20000 ) {
dev_warn(dev, "clock-frequency too low - assuming 400 kHz\n" );
hx711_data->clock_frequency = 400000 ;
}
hx711_data->data_ready_delay_ns =
1000000000 / hx711_data->clock_frequency;
indio_dev->name = "hx711" ;
indio_dev->info = &hx711_iio_info;
indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE;
indio_dev->channels = hx711_chan_spec;
indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(hx711_chan_spec);
ret = devm_iio_triggered_buffer_setup(dev, indio_dev,
iio_pollfunc_store_time,
hx711_trigger, NULL);
if (ret < 0 )
return dev_err_probe(dev, ret,
"setup of iio triggered buffer failed\n" );
ret = devm_iio_device_register(dev, indio_dev);
if (ret < 0 )
return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "Couldn't register the device\n" );
return 0 ;
}
static const struct of_device_id of_hx711_match[] = {
{ .compatible = "avia,hx711" , },
{ }
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, of_hx711_match);
static struct platform_driver hx711_driver = {
.probe = hx711_probe,
.driver = {
.name = "hx711-gpio" ,
.of_match_table = of_hx711_match,
},
};
module_platform_driver(hx711_driver);
MODULE_AUTHOR("Andreas Klinger <ak@it-klinger.de>" );
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("HX711 bitbanging driver - ADC for weight cells" );
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL" );
MODULE_ALIAS("platform:hx711-gpio" );
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