/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR MIT */
/**************************************************************************
*
* Copyright ( c ) 2006 - 2009 VMware , Inc . , Palo Alto , CA . , USA
* All Rights Reserved .
*
* Permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
* " Software " ) , to deal in the Software without restriction , including
* without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish ,
* distribute , sub license , and / or sell copies of the Software , and to
* permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so , subject to
* the following conditions :
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice ( including the
* next paragraph ) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
* of the Software .
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED " AS IS " , WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND , EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED , INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY ,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON - INFRINGEMENT . IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS , AUTHORS AND / OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM ,
* DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY , WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT , TORT OR
* OTHERWISE , ARISING FROM , OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
* USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE .
*
**************************************************************************/
/*
* Authors : Thomas Hellstrom < thellstrom - at - vmware - dot - com >
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "[TTM] " fmt
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <drm/ttm/ttm_bo.h>
#include <drm/ttm/ttm_placement.h>
#include <drm/ttm/ttm_tt.h>
#include <drm/drm_drv.h>
#include <drm/drm_managed.h>
static vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_fault_idle(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
long err = 0 ;
/*
* Quick non - stalling check for idle .
*/
if (dma_resv_test_signaled(bo->base.resv, DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL))
return 0 ;
/*
* If possible , avoid waiting for GPU with mmap_lock
* held . We only do this if the fault allows retry and this
* is the first attempt .
*/
if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(vmf->flags)) {
if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
drm_gem_object_get(&bo->base);
mmap_read_unlock(vmf->vma->vm_mm);
(void )dma_resv_wait_timeout(bo->base.resv,
DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL, true ,
MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
dma_resv_unlock(bo->base.resv);
drm_gem_object_put(&bo->base);
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
}
/*
* Ordinary wait .
*/
err = dma_resv_wait_timeout(bo->base.resv, DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL, true ,
MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
if (unlikely(err < 0 )) {
return (err != -ERESTARTSYS) ? VM_FAULT_SIGBUS :
VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}
return 0 ;
}
static unsigned long ttm_bo_io_mem_pfn(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
unsigned long page_offset)
{
struct ttm_device *bdev = bo->bdev;
if (bdev->funcs->io_mem_pfn)
return bdev->funcs->io_mem_pfn(bo, page_offset);
return (bo->resource->bus.offset >> PAGE_SHIFT) + page_offset;
}
/**
* ttm_bo_vm_reserve - Reserve a buffer object in a retryable vm callback
* @ bo : The buffer object
* @ vmf : The fault structure handed to the callback
*
* vm callbacks like fault ( ) and * _ mkwrite ( ) allow for the mmap_lock to be dropped
* during long waits , and after the wait the callback will be restarted . This
* is to allow other threads using the same virtual memory space concurrent
* access to map ( ) , unmap ( ) completely unrelated buffer objects . TTM buffer
* object reservations sometimes wait for GPU and should therefore be
* considered long waits . This function reserves the buffer object interruptibly
* taking this into account . Starvation is avoided by the vm system not
* allowing too many repeated restarts .
* This function is intended to be used in customized fault ( ) and _ mkwrite ( )
* handlers .
*
* Return :
* 0 on success and the bo was reserved .
* VM_FAULT_RETRY if blocking wait .
* VM_FAULT_NOPAGE if blocking wait and retrying was not allowed .
*/
vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_reserve(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
/*
* Work around locking order reversal in fault / nopfn
* between mmap_lock and bo_reserve : Perform a trylock operation
* for reserve , and if it fails , retry the fault after waiting
* for the buffer to become unreserved .
*/
if (unlikely(!dma_resv_trylock(bo->base.resv))) {
/*
* If the fault allows retry and this is the first
* fault attempt , we try to release the mmap_lock
* before waiting
*/
if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(vmf->flags)) {
if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)) {
drm_gem_object_get(&bo->base);
mmap_read_unlock(vmf->vma->vm_mm);
if (!dma_resv_lock_interruptible(bo->base.resv,
NULL))
dma_resv_unlock(bo->base.resv);
drm_gem_object_put(&bo->base);
}
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
}
if (dma_resv_lock_interruptible(bo->base.resv, NULL))
return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}
/*
* Refuse to fault imported pages . This should be handled
* ( if at all ) by redirecting mmap to the exporter .
*/
if (bo->ttm && (bo->ttm->page_flags & TTM_TT_FLAG_EXTERNAL)) {
if (!(bo->ttm->page_flags & TTM_TT_FLAG_EXTERNAL_MAPPABLE)) {
dma_resv_unlock(bo->base.resv);
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}
}
return 0 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_reserve);
/**
* ttm_bo_vm_fault_reserved - TTM fault helper
* @ vmf : The struct vm_fault given as argument to the fault callback
* @ prot : The page protection to be used for this memory area .
* @ num_prefault : Maximum number of prefault pages . The caller may want to
* specify this based on madvice settings and the size of the GPU object
* backed by the memory .
*
* This function inserts one or more page table entries pointing to the
* memory backing the buffer object , and then returns a return code
* instructing the caller to retry the page access .
*
* Return :
* VM_FAULT_NOPAGE on success or pending signal
* VM_FAULT_SIGBUS on unspecified error
* VM_FAULT_OOM on out - of - memory
* VM_FAULT_RETRY if retryable wait
*/
vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_fault_reserved(struct vm_fault *vmf,
pgprot_t prot,
pgoff_t num_prefault)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct ttm_buffer_object *bo = vma->vm_private_data;
struct ttm_device *bdev = bo->bdev;
unsigned long page_offset;
unsigned long page_last;
unsigned long pfn;
struct ttm_tt *ttm = NULL;
struct page *page;
int err;
pgoff_t i;
vm_fault_t ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
unsigned long address = vmf->address;
/*
* Wait for buffer data in transit , due to a pipelined
* move .
*/
ret = ttm_bo_vm_fault_idle(bo, vmf);
if (unlikely(ret != 0 ))
return ret;
err = ttm_mem_io_reserve(bdev, bo->resource);
if (unlikely(err != 0 ))
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
page_offset = ((address - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) +
vma->vm_pgoff - drm_vma_node_start(&bo->base.vma_node);
page_last = vma_pages(vma) + vma->vm_pgoff -
drm_vma_node_start(&bo->base.vma_node);
if (unlikely(page_offset >= PFN_UP(bo->base.size)))
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
prot = ttm_io_prot(bo, bo->resource, prot);
if (!bo->resource->bus.is_iomem) {
struct ttm_operation_ctx ctx = {
.interruptible = true ,
.no_wait_gpu = false ,
};
ttm = bo->ttm;
err = ttm_bo_populate(bo, &ctx);
if (err) {
if (err == -EINTR || err == -ERESTARTSYS ||
err == -EAGAIN)
return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
pr_debug("TTM fault hit %pe.\n" , ERR_PTR(err));
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}
} else {
/* Iomem should not be marked encrypted */
prot = pgprot_decrypted(prot);
}
/*
* Speculatively prefault a number of pages . Only error on
* first page .
*/
for (i = 0 ; i < num_prefault; ++i) {
if (bo->resource->bus.is_iomem) {
pfn = ttm_bo_io_mem_pfn(bo, page_offset);
} else {
page = ttm->pages[page_offset];
if (unlikely(!page && i == 0 )) {
return VM_FAULT_OOM;
} else if (unlikely(!page)) {
break ;
}
pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
}
/*
* Note that the value of @ prot at this point may differ from
* the value of @ vma - > vm_page_prot in the caching - and
* encryption bits . This is because the exact location of the
* data may not be known at mmap ( ) time and may also change
* at arbitrary times while the data is mmap ' ed .
* See vmf_insert_pfn_prot ( ) for a discussion .
*/
ret = vmf_insert_pfn_prot(vma, address, pfn, prot);
/* Never error on prefaulted PTEs */
if (unlikely((ret & VM_FAULT_ERROR))) {
if (i == 0 )
return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
else
break ;
}
address += PAGE_SIZE;
if (unlikely(++page_offset >= page_last))
break ;
}
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_fault_reserved);
static void ttm_bo_release_dummy_page(struct drm_device *dev, void *res)
{
struct page *dummy_page = (struct page *)res;
__free_page(dummy_page);
}
vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_dummy_page(struct vm_fault *vmf, pgprot_t prot)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct ttm_buffer_object *bo = vma->vm_private_data;
struct drm_device *ddev = bo->base.dev;
vm_fault_t ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
unsigned long address;
unsigned long pfn;
struct page *page;
/* Allocate new dummy page to map all the VA range in this VMA to it*/
page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
if (!page)
return VM_FAULT_OOM;
/* Set the page to be freed using drmm release action */
if (drmm_add_action_or_reset(ddev, ttm_bo_release_dummy_page, page))
return VM_FAULT_OOM;
pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
/* Prefault the entire VMA range right away to avoid further faults */
for (address = vma->vm_start; address < vma->vm_end;
address += PAGE_SIZE)
ret = vmf_insert_pfn_prot(vma, address, pfn, prot);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_dummy_page);
vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
pgprot_t prot;
struct ttm_buffer_object *bo = vma->vm_private_data;
struct drm_device *ddev = bo->base.dev;
vm_fault_t ret;
int idx;
ret = ttm_bo_vm_reserve(bo, vmf);
if (ret)
return ret;
prot = vma->vm_page_prot;
if (drm_dev_enter(ddev, &idx)) {
ret = ttm_bo_vm_fault_reserved(vmf, prot, TTM_BO_VM_NUM_PREFAULT);
drm_dev_exit(idx);
} else {
ret = ttm_bo_vm_dummy_page(vmf, prot);
}
if (ret == VM_FAULT_RETRY && !(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT))
return ret;
dma_resv_unlock(bo->base.resv);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_fault);
void ttm_bo_vm_open(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
struct ttm_buffer_object *bo = vma->vm_private_data;
WARN_ON(bo->bdev->dev_mapping != vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
drm_gem_object_get(&bo->base);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_open);
void ttm_bo_vm_close(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
struct ttm_buffer_object *bo = vma->vm_private_data;
drm_gem_object_put(&bo->base);
vma->vm_private_data = NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_close);
static int ttm_bo_vm_access_kmap(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
unsigned long offset,
uint8_t *buf, int len, int write)
{
unsigned long page = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
unsigned long bytes_left = len;
int ret;
/* Copy a page at a time, that way no extra virtual address
* mapping is needed
*/
offset -= page << PAGE_SHIFT;
do {
unsigned long bytes = min(bytes_left, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
struct ttm_bo_kmap_obj map;
void *ptr;
bool is_iomem;
ret = ttm_bo_kmap(bo, page, 1 , &map);
if (ret)
return ret;
ptr = (uint8_t *)ttm_kmap_obj_virtual(&map, &is_iomem) + offset;
WARN_ON_ONCE(is_iomem);
if (write)
memcpy(ptr, buf, bytes);
else
memcpy(buf, ptr, bytes);
ttm_bo_kunmap(&map);
page++;
buf += bytes;
bytes_left -= bytes;
offset = 0 ;
} while (bytes_left);
return len;
}
/**
* ttm_bo_access - Helper to access a buffer object
*
* @ bo : ttm buffer object
* @ offset : access offset into buffer object
* @ buf : pointer to caller memory to read into or write from
* @ len : length of access
* @ write : write access
*
* Utility function to access a buffer object . Useful when buffer object cannot
* be easily mapped ( non - contiguous , non - visible , etc . . . ) . Should not directly
* be exported to user space via a peak / poke interface .
*
* Returns :
* @ len if successful , negative error code on failure .
*/
int ttm_bo_access(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo, unsigned long offset,
void *buf, int len, int write)
{
int ret;
if (len < 1 || (offset + len) > bo->base.size)
return -EIO;
ret = ttm_bo_reserve(bo, true , false , NULL);
if (ret)
return ret;
switch (bo->resource->mem_type) {
case TTM_PL_SYSTEM:
fallthrough;
case TTM_PL_TT:
ret = ttm_bo_vm_access_kmap(bo, offset, buf, len, write);
break ;
default :
if (bo->bdev->funcs->access_memory)
ret = bo->bdev->funcs->access_memory
(bo, offset, buf, len, write);
else
ret = -EIO;
}
ttm_bo_unreserve(bo);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_access);
int ttm_bo_vm_access(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
void *buf, int len, int write)
{
struct ttm_buffer_object *bo = vma->vm_private_data;
unsigned long offset = (addr) - vma->vm_start +
((vma->vm_pgoff - drm_vma_node_start(&bo->base.vma_node))
<< PAGE_SHIFT);
return ttm_bo_access(bo, offset, buf, len, write);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_vm_access);
static const struct vm_operations_struct ttm_bo_vm_ops = {
.fault = ttm_bo_vm_fault,
.open = ttm_bo_vm_open,
.close = ttm_bo_vm_close,
.access = ttm_bo_vm_access,
};
/**
* ttm_bo_mmap_obj - mmap memory backed by a ttm buffer object .
*
* @ vma : vma as input from the fbdev mmap method .
* @ bo : The bo backing the address space .
*
* Maps a buffer object .
*/
int ttm_bo_mmap_obj(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct ttm_buffer_object *bo)
{
/* Enforce no COW since would have really strange behavior with it. */
if (is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags))
return -EINVAL;
drm_gem_object_get(&bo->base);
/*
* Drivers may want to override the vm_ops field . Otherwise we
* use TTM ' s default callbacks .
*/
if (!vma->vm_ops)
vma->vm_ops = &ttm_bo_vm_ops;
/*
* Note : We ' re transferring the bo reference to
* vma - > vm_private_data here .
*/
vma->vm_private_data = bo;
vm_flags_set(vma, VM_PFNMAP | VM_IO | VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP);
return 0 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_bo_mmap_obj);
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(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-28)
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