// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* drivers / cpufreq / cpufreq_governor . c
*
* CPUFREQ governors common code
*
* Copyright ( C ) 2001 Russell King
* ( C ) 2003 Venkatesh Pallipadi < venkatesh . pallipadi @ intel . com > .
* ( C ) 2003 Jun Nakajima < jun . nakajima @ intel . com >
* ( C ) 2009 Alexander Clouter < alex @ digriz . org . uk >
* ( c ) 2012 Viresh Kumar < viresh . kumar @ linaro . org >
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "cpufreq_governor.h"
#define CPUFREQ_DBS_MIN_SAMPLING_INTERVAL (2 * TICK_NSEC / NSEC_PER_USEC)
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_dbs_info, cpu_dbs);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(gov_dbs_data_mutex);
/* Common sysfs tunables */
/*
* sampling_rate_store - update sampling rate effective immediately if needed .
*
* If new rate is smaller than the old , simply updating
* dbs . sampling_rate might not be appropriate . For example , if the
* original sampling_rate was 1 second and the requested new sampling rate is 10
* ms because the user needs immediate reaction from ondemand governor , but not
* sure if higher frequency will be required or not , then , the governor may
* change the sampling rate too late ; up to 1 second later . Thus , if we are
* reducing the sampling rate , we need to make the new value effective
* immediately .
*
* This must be called with dbs_data - > mutex held , otherwise traversing
* policy_dbs_list isn ' t safe .
*/
ssize_t sampling_rate_store(struct gov_attr_set *attr_set, const char *buf,
size_t count)
{
struct dbs_data *dbs_data = to_dbs_data(attr_set);
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
unsigned int sampling_interval;
int ret;
ret = sscanf(buf, "%u" , &sampling_interval);
if (ret != 1 || sampling_interval < CPUFREQ_DBS_MIN_SAMPLING_INTERVAL)
return -EINVAL;
dbs_data->sampling_rate = sampling_interval;
/*
* We are operating under dbs_data - > mutex and so the list and its
* entries can ' t be freed concurrently .
*/
list_for_each_entry(policy_dbs, &attr_set->policy_list, list) {
mutex_lock(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
/*
* On 32 - bit architectures this may race with the
* sample_delay_ns read in dbs_update_util_handler ( ) , but that
* really doesn ' t matter . If the read returns a value that ' s
* too big , the sample will be skipped , but the next invocation
* of dbs_update_util_handler ( ) ( when the update has been
* completed ) will take a sample .
*
* If this runs in parallel with dbs_work_handler ( ) , we may end
* up overwriting the sample_delay_ns value that it has just
* written , but it will be corrected next time a sample is
* taken , so it shouldn ' t be significant .
*/
gov_update_sample_delay(policy_dbs, 0 );
mutex_unlock(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
}
return count;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sampling_rate_store);
/**
* gov_update_cpu_data - Update CPU load data .
* @ dbs_data : Top - level governor data pointer .
*
* Update CPU load data for all CPUs in the domain governed by @ dbs_data
* ( that may be a single policy or a bunch of them if governor tunables are
* system - wide ) .
*
* Call under the @ dbs_data mutex .
*/
void gov_update_cpu_data(struct dbs_data *dbs_data)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
list_for_each_entry(policy_dbs, &dbs_data->attr_set.policy_list, list) {
unsigned int j;
for_each_cpu(j, policy_dbs->policy->cpus) {
struct cpu_dbs_info *j_cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, j);
j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle = get_cpu_idle_time(j, &j_cdbs->prev_update_time,
dbs_data->io_is_busy);
if (dbs_data->ignore_nice_load)
j_cdbs->prev_cpu_nice = kcpustat_field(&kcpustat_cpu(j), CPUTIME_NICE, j);
}
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(gov_update_cpu_data);
unsigned int dbs_update(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs = policy->governor_data;
struct dbs_data *dbs_data = policy_dbs->dbs_data;
unsigned int ignore_nice = dbs_data->ignore_nice_load;
unsigned int max_load = 0 , idle_periods = UINT_MAX;
unsigned int sampling_rate, io_busy, j;
/*
* Sometimes governors may use an additional multiplier to increase
* sample delays temporarily . Apply that multiplier to sampling_rate
* so as to keep the wake - up - from - idle detection logic a bit
* conservative .
*/
sampling_rate = dbs_data->sampling_rate * policy_dbs->rate_mult;
/*
* For the purpose of ondemand , waiting for disk IO is an indication
* that you ' re performance critical , and not that the system is actually
* idle , so do not add the iowait time to the CPU idle time then .
*/
io_busy = dbs_data->io_is_busy;
/* Get Absolute Load */
for_each_cpu(j, policy->cpus) {
struct cpu_dbs_info *j_cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, j);
u64 update_time, cur_idle_time;
unsigned int idle_time, time_elapsed;
unsigned int load;
cur_idle_time = get_cpu_idle_time(j, &update_time, io_busy);
time_elapsed = update_time - j_cdbs->prev_update_time;
j_cdbs->prev_update_time = update_time;
/*
* cur_idle_time could be smaller than j_cdbs - > prev_cpu_idle if
* it ' s obtained from get_cpu_idle_time_jiffy ( ) when NOHZ is
* off , where idle_time is calculated by the difference between
* time elapsed in jiffies and " busy time " obtained from CPU
* statistics . If a CPU is 100 % busy , the time elapsed and busy
* time should grow with the same amount in two consecutive
* samples , but in practice there could be a tiny difference ,
* making the accumulated idle time decrease sometimes . Hence ,
* in this case , idle_time should be regarded as 0 in order to
* make the further process correct .
*/
if (cur_idle_time > j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle)
idle_time = cur_idle_time - j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle;
else
idle_time = 0 ;
j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle = cur_idle_time;
if (ignore_nice) {
u64 cur_nice = kcpustat_field(&kcpustat_cpu(j), CPUTIME_NICE, j);
idle_time += div_u64(cur_nice - j_cdbs->prev_cpu_nice, NSEC_PER_USEC);
j_cdbs->prev_cpu_nice = cur_nice;
}
if (unlikely(!time_elapsed)) {
/*
* That can only happen when this function is called
* twice in a row with a very short interval between the
* calls , so the previous load value can be used then .
*/
load = j_cdbs->prev_load;
} else if (unlikely(idle_time > 2 * sampling_rate &&
j_cdbs->prev_load)) {
/*
* If the CPU had gone completely idle and a task has
* just woken up on this CPU now , it would be unfair to
* calculate ' load ' the usual way for this elapsed
* time - window , because it would show near - zero load ,
* irrespective of how CPU intensive that task actually
* was . This is undesirable for latency - sensitive bursty
* workloads .
*
* To avoid this , reuse the ' load ' from the previous
* time - window and give this task a chance to start with
* a reasonably high CPU frequency . However , that
* shouldn ' t be over - done , lest we get stuck at a high
* load ( high frequency ) for too long , even when the
* current system load has actually dropped down , so
* clear prev_load to guarantee that the load will be
* computed again next time .
*
* Detecting this situation is easy : an unusually large
* ' idle_time ' ( as compared to the sampling rate )
* indicates this scenario .
*/
load = j_cdbs->prev_load;
j_cdbs->prev_load = 0 ;
} else {
if (time_elapsed > idle_time)
load = 100 * (time_elapsed - idle_time) / time_elapsed;
else
load = 0 ;
j_cdbs->prev_load = load;
}
if (unlikely(idle_time > 2 * sampling_rate)) {
unsigned int periods = idle_time / sampling_rate;
if (periods < idle_periods)
idle_periods = periods;
}
if (load > max_load)
max_load = load;
}
policy_dbs->idle_periods = idle_periods;
return max_load;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dbs_update);
static void dbs_work_handler(struct work_struct *work)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
struct cpufreq_policy *policy;
struct dbs_governor *gov;
policy_dbs = container_of(work, struct policy_dbs_info, work);
policy = policy_dbs->policy;
gov = dbs_governor_of(policy);
/*
* Make sure cpufreq_governor_limits ( ) isn ' t evaluating load or the
* ondemand governor isn ' t updating the sampling rate in parallel .
*/
mutex_lock(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
gov_update_sample_delay(policy_dbs, gov->gov_dbs_update(policy));
mutex_unlock(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
/* Allow the utilization update handler to queue up more work. */
atomic_set(&policy_dbs->work_count, 0 );
/*
* If the update below is reordered with respect to the sample delay
* modification , the utilization update handler may end up using a stale
* sample delay value .
*/
smp_wmb();
policy_dbs->work_in_progress = false ;
}
static void dbs_irq_work(struct irq_work *irq_work)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
policy_dbs = container_of(irq_work, struct policy_dbs_info, irq_work);
schedule_work_on(smp_processor_id(), &policy_dbs->work);
}
static void dbs_update_util_handler(struct update_util_data *data, u64 time,
unsigned int flags)
{
struct cpu_dbs_info *cdbs = container_of(data, struct cpu_dbs_info, update_util);
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs = cdbs->policy_dbs;
u64 delta_ns, lst;
if (!cpufreq_this_cpu_can_update(policy_dbs->policy))
return ;
/*
* The work may not be allowed to be queued up right now .
* Possible reasons :
* - Work has already been queued up or is in progress .
* - It is too early ( too little time from the previous sample ) .
*/
if (policy_dbs->work_in_progress)
return ;
/*
* If the reads below are reordered before the check above , the value
* of sample_delay_ns used in the computation may be stale .
*/
smp_rmb();
lst = READ_ONCE(policy_dbs->last_sample_time);
delta_ns = time - lst;
if ((s64)delta_ns < policy_dbs->sample_delay_ns)
return ;
/*
* If the policy is not shared , the irq_work may be queued up right away
* at this point . Otherwise , we need to ensure that only one of the
* CPUs sharing the policy will do that .
*/
if (policy_dbs->is_shared) {
if (!atomic_add_unless(&policy_dbs->work_count, 1 , 1 ))
return ;
/*
* If another CPU updated last_sample_time in the meantime , we
* shouldn ' t be here , so clear the work counter and bail out .
*/
if (unlikely(lst != READ_ONCE(policy_dbs->last_sample_time))) {
atomic_set(&policy_dbs->work_count, 0 );
return ;
}
}
policy_dbs->last_sample_time = time;
policy_dbs->work_in_progress = true ;
irq_work_queue(&policy_dbs->irq_work);
}
static void gov_set_update_util(struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs,
unsigned int delay_us)
{
struct cpufreq_policy *policy = policy_dbs->policy;
int cpu;
gov_update_sample_delay(policy_dbs, delay_us);
policy_dbs->last_sample_time = 0 ;
for_each_cpu(cpu, policy->cpus) {
struct cpu_dbs_info *cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, cpu);
cpufreq_add_update_util_hook(cpu, &cdbs->update_util,
dbs_update_util_handler);
}
}
static inline void gov_clear_update_util(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
int i;
for_each_cpu(i, policy->cpus)
cpufreq_remove_update_util_hook(i);
synchronize_rcu();
}
static struct policy_dbs_info *alloc_policy_dbs_info(struct cpufreq_policy *policy,
struct dbs_governor *gov)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
int j;
/* Allocate memory for per-policy governor data. */
policy_dbs = gov->alloc();
if (!policy_dbs)
return NULL;
policy_dbs->policy = policy;
mutex_init(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
atomic_set(&policy_dbs->work_count, 0 );
init_irq_work(&policy_dbs->irq_work, dbs_irq_work);
INIT_WORK(&policy_dbs->work, dbs_work_handler);
/* Set policy_dbs for all CPUs, online+offline */
for_each_cpu(j, policy->related_cpus) {
struct cpu_dbs_info *j_cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, j);
j_cdbs->policy_dbs = policy_dbs;
}
return policy_dbs;
}
static void free_policy_dbs_info(struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs,
struct dbs_governor *gov)
{
int j;
mutex_destroy(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
for_each_cpu(j, policy_dbs->policy->related_cpus) {
struct cpu_dbs_info *j_cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, j);
j_cdbs->policy_dbs = NULL;
j_cdbs->update_util.func = NULL;
}
gov->free(policy_dbs);
}
static void cpufreq_dbs_data_release(struct kobject *kobj)
{
struct dbs_data *dbs_data = to_dbs_data(to_gov_attr_set(kobj));
struct dbs_governor *gov = dbs_data->gov;
gov->exit (dbs_data);
kfree(dbs_data);
}
int cpufreq_dbs_governor_init(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
struct dbs_governor *gov = dbs_governor_of(policy);
struct dbs_data *dbs_data;
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
int ret = 0 ;
/* State should be equivalent to EXIT */
if (policy->governor_data)
return -EBUSY;
policy_dbs = alloc_policy_dbs_info(policy, gov);
if (!policy_dbs)
return -ENOMEM;
/* Protect gov->gdbs_data against concurrent updates. */
mutex_lock(&gov_dbs_data_mutex);
dbs_data = gov->gdbs_data;
if (dbs_data) {
if (WARN_ON(have_governor_per_policy())) {
ret = -EINVAL;
goto free_policy_dbs_info;
}
policy_dbs->dbs_data = dbs_data;
policy->governor_data = policy_dbs;
gov_attr_set_get(&dbs_data->attr_set, &policy_dbs->list);
goto out;
}
dbs_data = kzalloc(sizeof (*dbs_data), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dbs_data) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto free_policy_dbs_info;
}
dbs_data->gov = gov;
gov_attr_set_init(&dbs_data->attr_set, &policy_dbs->list);
ret = gov->init(dbs_data);
if (ret)
goto free_dbs_data;
/*
* The sampling interval should not be less than the transition latency
* of the CPU and it also cannot be too small for dbs_update ( ) to work
* correctly .
*/
dbs_data->sampling_rate = max_t(unsigned int ,
CPUFREQ_DBS_MIN_SAMPLING_INTERVAL,
cpufreq_policy_transition_delay_us(policy));
if (!have_governor_per_policy())
gov->gdbs_data = dbs_data;
policy_dbs->dbs_data = dbs_data;
policy->governor_data = policy_dbs;
gov->kobj_type.sysfs_ops = &governor_sysfs_ops;
gov->kobj_type.release = cpufreq_dbs_data_release;
ret = kobject_init_and_add(&dbs_data->attr_set.kobj, &gov->kobj_type,
get_governor_parent_kobj(policy),
"%s" , gov->gov.name);
if (!ret)
goto out;
/* Failure, so roll back. */
pr_err("initialization failed (dbs_data kobject init error %d)\n" , ret);
kobject_put(&dbs_data->attr_set.kobj);
policy->governor_data = NULL;
if (!have_governor_per_policy())
gov->gdbs_data = NULL;
gov->exit (dbs_data);
free_dbs_data:
kfree(dbs_data);
free_policy_dbs_info:
free_policy_dbs_info(policy_dbs, gov);
out:
mutex_unlock(&gov_dbs_data_mutex);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpufreq_dbs_governor_init);
void cpufreq_dbs_governor_exit(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
struct dbs_governor *gov = dbs_governor_of(policy);
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs = policy->governor_data;
struct dbs_data *dbs_data = policy_dbs->dbs_data;
unsigned int count;
/* Protect gov->gdbs_data against concurrent updates. */
mutex_lock(&gov_dbs_data_mutex);
count = gov_attr_set_put(&dbs_data->attr_set, &policy_dbs->list);
policy->governor_data = NULL;
if (!count && !have_governor_per_policy())
gov->gdbs_data = NULL;
free_policy_dbs_info(policy_dbs, gov);
mutex_unlock(&gov_dbs_data_mutex);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpufreq_dbs_governor_exit);
int cpufreq_dbs_governor_start(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
struct dbs_governor *gov = dbs_governor_of(policy);
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs = policy->governor_data;
struct dbs_data *dbs_data = policy_dbs->dbs_data;
unsigned int sampling_rate, ignore_nice, j;
unsigned int io_busy;
if (!policy->cur)
return -EINVAL;
policy_dbs->is_shared = policy_is_shared(policy);
policy_dbs->rate_mult = 1 ;
sampling_rate = dbs_data->sampling_rate;
ignore_nice = dbs_data->ignore_nice_load;
io_busy = dbs_data->io_is_busy;
for_each_cpu(j, policy->cpus) {
struct cpu_dbs_info *j_cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, j);
j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle = get_cpu_idle_time(j, &j_cdbs->prev_update_time, io_busy);
/*
* Make the first invocation of dbs_update ( ) compute the load .
*/
j_cdbs->prev_load = 0 ;
if (ignore_nice)
j_cdbs->prev_cpu_nice = kcpustat_field(&kcpustat_cpu(j), CPUTIME_NICE, j);
}
gov->start(policy);
gov_set_update_util(policy_dbs, sampling_rate);
return 0 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpufreq_dbs_governor_start);
void cpufreq_dbs_governor_stop(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs = policy->governor_data;
gov_clear_update_util(policy_dbs->policy);
irq_work_sync(&policy_dbs->irq_work);
cancel_work_sync(&policy_dbs->work);
atomic_set(&policy_dbs->work_count, 0 );
policy_dbs->work_in_progress = false ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpufreq_dbs_governor_stop);
void cpufreq_dbs_governor_limits(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
{
struct policy_dbs_info *policy_dbs;
/* Protect gov->gdbs_data against cpufreq_dbs_governor_exit() */
mutex_lock(&gov_dbs_data_mutex);
policy_dbs = policy->governor_data;
if (!policy_dbs)
goto out;
mutex_lock(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
cpufreq_policy_apply_limits(policy);
gov_update_sample_delay(policy_dbs, 0 );
mutex_unlock(&policy_dbs->update_mutex);
out:
mutex_unlock(&gov_dbs_data_mutex);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpufreq_dbs_governor_limits);
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