/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _ASM_HASH_H
#define _ASM_HASH_H
/*
* HP - PA only implements integer multiply in the FPU . However , for
* integer multiplies by constant , it has a number of shift - and - add
* ( but no shift - and - subtract , sigh ! ) instructions that a compiler
* can synthesize a code sequence with .
*
* Unfortunately , GCC isn ' t very efficient at using them . For example
* it uses three instructions for " x * = 21 " when only two are needed .
* But we can find a sequence manually .
*/
#define HAVE_ARCH__HASH_32 1
/*
* This is a multiply by GOLDEN_RATIO_32 = 0 x61C88647 optimized for the
* PA7100 pairing rules . This is an in - order 2 - way superscalar processor .
* Only one instruction in a pair may be a shift ( by more than 3 bits ) ,
* but other than that , simple ALU ops ( including shift - and - add by up
* to 3 bits ) may be paired arbitrarily .
*
* PA8xxx processors also dual - issue ALU instructions , although with
* fewer constraints , so this schedule is good for them , too .
*
* This 6 - step sequence was found by Yevgen Voronenko ' s implementation
* of the Hcub algorithm at http : //spiral.ece.cmu.edu/mcm/gen.html.
*/
static inline u32 __attribute_const__ __hash_32(u32 x)
{
u32 a, b, c;
/*
* Phase 1 : Compute a = ( x < < 19 ) + x ,
* b = ( x < < 9 ) + a , c = ( x < < 23 ) + b .
*/
a = x << 19 ; /* Two shifts can't be paired */
b = x << 9 ; a += x;
c = x << 23 ; b += a;
c += b;
/* Phase 2: Return (b<<11) + (c<<6) + (a<<3) - c */
b <<= 11 ;
a += c << 3 ; b -= c;
return (a << 3 ) + b;
}
#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
#define HAVE_ARCH_HASH_64 1
/*
* Finding a good shift - and - add chain for GOLDEN_RATIO_64 is tricky ,
* because available software for the purpose chokes on constants this
* large . ( It ' s mostly designed for compiling FIR filter coefficients
* into FPGAs . )
*
* However , Jason Thong pointed out a work - around . The Hcub software
* ( http : //spiral.ece.cmu.edu/mcm/gen.html) is designed for *multiple*
* constant multiplication , and is good at finding shift - and - add chains
* which share common terms .
*
* Looking at 0 x0x61C8864680B583EB in binary :
* 0110000111001000100001100100011010000000101101011000001111101011
* \ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / \ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / \ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / \ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ /
* \ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / \ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ /
* you can see the non - zero bits are divided into several well - separated
* blocks . Hcub can find algorithms for those terms separately , which
* can then be shifted and added together .
*
* Dividing the input into 2 , 3 or 4 blocks , Hcub can find solutions
* with 10 , 9 or 8 adds , respectively , making a total of 11 for the
* whole number .
*
* Using just two large blocks , 0 xC3910C8D < < 31 in the high bits ,
* and 0 xB583EB in the low bits , produces as good an algorithm as any ,
* and with one more small shift than alternatives .
*
* The high bits are a larger number and more work to compute , as well
* as needing one extra cycle to shift left 31 bits before the final
* addition , so they are the critical path for scheduling . The low bits
* can fit into the scheduling slots left over .
*/
/*
* This _ ASSIGN ( dst , src ) macro performs " dst = src " , but prevents GCC
* from inferring anything about the value assigned to " dest " .
*
* This prevents it from mis - optimizing certain sequences .
* In particular , gcc is annoyingly eager to combine consecutive shifts .
* Given " x < < = 19 ; y + = x ; z + = x < < 1 ; " , GCC will turn this into
* " y + = x < < 19 ; z + = x < < 20 ; " even though the latter sequence needs
* an additional instruction and temporary register .
*
* Because no actual assembly code is generated , this construct is
* usefully portable across all GCC platforms , and so can be test - compiled
* on non - PA systems .
*
* In two places , additional unused input dependencies are added . This
* forces GCC ' s scheduling so it does not rearrange instructions too much .
* Because the PA - 8 xxx is out of order , I ' m not sure how much this matters ,
* but why make it more difficult for the processor than necessary ?
*/
#define _ASSIGN(dst, src, ...) asm ("" : "=r" (dst) : "0" (src), ## __VA_ARGS__)
/*
* Multiply by GOLDEN_RATIO_64 = 0 x0x61C8864680B583EB using a heavily
* optimized shift - and - add sequence .
*
* Without the final shift , the multiply proper is 19 instructions ,
* 10 cycles and uses only 4 temporaries . Whew !
*
* You are not expected to understand this .
*/
static __always_inline u32 __attribute_const__
hash_64(u64 a, unsigned int bits)
{
u64 b, c, d;
/*
* Encourage GCC to move a dynamic shift to % sar early ,
* thereby freeing up an additional temporary register .
*/
if (!__builtin_constant_p(bits))
asm ("" : "=q" (bits) : "0" (64 - bits));
else
bits = 64 - bits;
_ASSIGN(b, a*5 ); c = a << 13 ;
b = (b << 2 ) + a; _ASSIGN(d, a << 17 );
a = b + (a << 1 ); c += d;
d = a << 10 ; _ASSIGN(a, a << 19 );
d = a - d; _ASSIGN(a, a << 4 , "X" (d));
c += b; a += b;
d -= c; c += a << 1 ;
a += c << 3 ; _ASSIGN(b, b << (7 +31 ), "X" (c), "X" (d));
a <<= 31 ; b += d;
a += b;
return a >> bits;
}
#undef _ASSIGN /* We're a widely-used header file, so don't litter! */
#endif /* BITS_PER_LONG == 64 */
#endif /* _ASM_HASH_H */
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