// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* sched_clock ( ) for unstable CPU clocks
*
* Copyright ( C ) 2008 Red Hat , Inc . , Peter Zijlstra
*
* Updates and enhancements :
* Copyright ( C ) 2008 Red Hat , Inc . Steven Rostedt < srostedt @ redhat . com >
*
* Based on code by :
* Ingo Molnar < mingo @ redhat . com >
* Guillaume Chazarain < guichaz @ gmail . com >
*
*
* What this file implements :
*
* cpu_clock ( i ) provides a fast ( execution time ) high resolution
* clock with bounded drift between CPUs . The value of cpu_clock ( i )
* is monotonic for constant i . The timestamp returned is in nanoseconds .
*
* # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # BIG FAT WARNING # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
* # when comparing cpu_clock ( i ) to cpu_clock ( j ) for i ! = j , time can #
* # go backwards ! ! #
* # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
*
* There is no strict promise about the base , although it tends to start
* at 0 on boot ( but people really shouldn ' t rely on that ) .
*
* cpu_clock ( i ) - - can be used from any context , including NMI .
* local_clock ( ) - - is cpu_clock ( ) on the current CPU .
*
* sched_clock_cpu ( i )
*
* How it is implemented :
*
* The implementation either uses sched_clock ( ) when
* ! CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK , which means in that case the
* sched_clock ( ) is assumed to provide these properties ( mostly it means
* the architecture provides a globally synchronized highres time source ) .
*
* Otherwise it tries to create a semi stable clock from a mixture of other
* clocks , including :
*
* - GTOD ( clock monotonic )
* - sched_clock ( )
* - explicit idle events
*
* We use GTOD as base and use sched_clock ( ) deltas to improve resolution . The
* deltas are filtered to provide monotonicity and keeping it within an
* expected window .
*
* Furthermore , explicit sleep and wakeup hooks allow us to account for time
* that is otherwise invisible ( TSC gets stopped ) .
*
*/
#include <linux/sched/clock.h>
#include "sched.h"
/*
* Scheduler clock - returns current time in nanosec units .
* This is default implementation .
* Architectures and sub - architectures can override this .
*/
notrace unsigned long long __weak sched_clock(void )
{
return (unsigned long long )(jiffies - INITIAL_JIFFIES)
* (NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock);
static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(sched_clock_running);
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
/*
* We must start with ! _ _ sched_clock_stable because the unstable - > stable
* transition is accurate , while the stable - > unstable transition is not .
*
* Similarly we start with _ _ sched_clock_stable_early , thereby assuming we
* will become stable , such that there ' s only a single 1 - > 0 transition .
*/
static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(__sched_clock_stable);
static int __sched_clock_stable_early = 1 ;
/*
* We want : ktime_get_ns ( ) + _ _ gtod_offset = = sched_clock ( ) + _ _ sched_clock_offset
*/
__read_mostly u64 __sched_clock_offset;
static __read_mostly u64 __gtod_offset;
struct sched_clock_data {
u64 tick_raw;
u64 tick_gtod;
u64 clock;
};
static DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct sched_clock_data, sched_clock_data);
static __always_inline struct sched_clock_data *this_scd(void )
{
return this_cpu_ptr(&sched_clock_data);
}
notrace static inline struct sched_clock_data *cpu_sdc(int cpu)
{
return &per_cpu(sched_clock_data, cpu);
}
notrace int sched_clock_stable(void )
{
return static_branch_likely(&__sched_clock_stable);
}
notrace static void __scd_stamp(struct sched_clock_data *scd)
{
scd->tick_gtod = ktime_get_ns();
scd->tick_raw = sched_clock();
}
notrace static void __set_sched_clock_stable(void )
{
struct sched_clock_data *scd;
/*
* Since we ' re still unstable and the tick is already running , we have
* to disable IRQs in order to get a consistent scd - > tick * reading .
*/
local_irq_disable();
scd = this_scd();
/*
* Attempt to make the ( initial ) unstable - > stable transition continuous .
*/
__sched_clock_offset = (scd->tick_gtod + __gtod_offset) - (scd->tick_raw);
local_irq_enable();
printk(KERN_INFO "sched_clock: Marking stable (%lld, %lld)->(%lld, %lld)\n" ,
scd->tick_gtod, __gtod_offset,
scd->tick_raw, __sched_clock_offset);
static_branch_enable(&__sched_clock_stable);
tick_dep_clear(TICK_DEP_BIT_CLOCK_UNSTABLE);
}
/*
* If we ever get here , we ' re screwed , because we found out - - typically after
* the fact - - that TSC wasn ' t good . This means all our clocksources ( including
* ktime ) could have reported wrong values .
*
* What we do here is an attempt to fix up and continue sort of where we left
* off in a coherent manner .
*
* The only way to fully avoid random clock jumps is to boot with :
* " tsc = unstable " .
*/
notrace static void __sched_clock_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
struct sched_clock_data *scd;
int cpu;
/* take a current timestamp and set 'now' */
preempt_disable();
scd = this_scd();
__scd_stamp(scd);
scd->clock = scd->tick_gtod + __gtod_offset;
preempt_enable();
/* clone to all CPUs */
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
per_cpu(sched_clock_data, cpu) = *scd;
printk(KERN_WARNING "TSC found unstable after boot, most likely due to broken BIOS. Use 'tsc=unstable'.\n" );
printk(KERN_INFO "sched_clock: Marking unstable (%lld, %lld)<-(%lld, %lld)\n" ,
scd->tick_gtod, __gtod_offset,
scd->tick_raw, __sched_clock_offset);
static_branch_disable(&__sched_clock_stable);
}
static DECLARE_WORK(sched_clock_work, __sched_clock_work);
notrace static void __clear_sched_clock_stable(void )
{
if (!sched_clock_stable())
return ;
tick_dep_set(TICK_DEP_BIT_CLOCK_UNSTABLE);
schedule_work(&sched_clock_work);
}
notrace void clear_sched_clock_stable(void )
{
__sched_clock_stable_early = 0 ;
smp_mb(); /* matches sched_clock_init_late() */
if (static_key_count(&sched_clock_running.key) == 2 )
__clear_sched_clock_stable();
}
notrace static void __sched_clock_gtod_offset(void )
{
struct sched_clock_data *scd = this_scd();
__scd_stamp(scd);
__gtod_offset = (scd->tick_raw + __sched_clock_offset) - scd->tick_gtod;
}
void __init sched_clock_init(void )
{
/*
* Set _ _ gtod_offset such that once we mark sched_clock_running ,
* sched_clock_tick ( ) continues where sched_clock ( ) left off .
*
* Even if TSC is buggered , we ' re still UP at this point so it
* can ' t really be out of sync .
*/
local_irq_disable();
__sched_clock_gtod_offset();
local_irq_enable();
static_branch_inc(&sched_clock_running);
}
/*
* We run this as late_initcall ( ) such that it runs after all built - in drivers ,
* notably : acpi_processor and intel_idle , which can mark the TSC as unstable .
*/
static int __init sched_clock_init_late(void )
{
static_branch_inc(&sched_clock_running);
/*
* Ensure that it is impossible to not do a static_key update .
*
* Either { set , clear } _ sched_clock_stable ( ) must see sched_clock_running
* and do the update , or we must see their _ _ sched_clock_stable_early
* and do the update , or both .
*/
smp_mb(); /* matches {set,clear}_sched_clock_stable() */
if (__sched_clock_stable_early)
__set_sched_clock_stable();
return 0 ;
}
late_initcall(sched_clock_init_late);
/*
* min , max except they take wrapping into account
*/
static __always_inline u64 wrap_min(u64 x, u64 y)
{
return (s64)(x - y) < 0 ? x : y;
}
static __always_inline u64 wrap_max(u64 x, u64 y)
{
return (s64)(x - y) > 0 ? x : y;
}
/*
* update the percpu scd from the raw @ now value
*
* - filter out backward motion
* - use the GTOD tick value to create a window to filter crazy TSC values
*/
static __always_inline u64 sched_clock_local(struct sched_clock_data *scd)
{
u64 now, clock, old_clock, min_clock, max_clock, gtod;
s64 delta;
again:
now = sched_clock_noinstr();
delta = now - scd->tick_raw;
if (unlikely(delta < 0 ))
delta = 0 ;
old_clock = scd->clock;
/*
* scd - > clock = clamp ( scd - > tick_gtod + delta ,
* max ( scd - > tick_gtod , scd - > clock ) ,
* scd - > tick_gtod + TICK_NSEC ) ;
*/
gtod = scd->tick_gtod + __gtod_offset;
clock = gtod + delta;
min_clock = wrap_max(gtod, old_clock);
max_clock = wrap_max(old_clock, gtod + TICK_NSEC);
clock = wrap_max(clock, min_clock);
clock = wrap_min(clock, max_clock);
if (!raw_try_cmpxchg64(&scd->clock, &old_clock, clock))
goto again;
return clock;
}
noinstr u64 local_clock_noinstr(void )
{
u64 clock;
if (static_branch_likely(&__sched_clock_stable))
return sched_clock_noinstr() + __sched_clock_offset;
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_clock_running))
return sched_clock_noinstr();
clock = sched_clock_local(this_scd());
return clock;
}
u64 local_clock(void )
{
u64 now;
preempt_disable_notrace();
now = local_clock_noinstr();
preempt_enable_notrace();
return now;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(local_clock);
static notrace u64 sched_clock_remote(struct sched_clock_data *scd)
{
struct sched_clock_data *my_scd = this_scd();
u64 this_clock, remote_clock;
u64 *ptr, old_val, val;
#if BITS_PER_LONG != 64
again:
/*
* Careful here : The local and the remote clock values need to
* be read out atomic as we need to compare the values and
* then update either the local or the remote side . So the
* cmpxchg64 below only protects one readout .
*
* We must reread via sched_clock_local ( ) in the retry case on
* 32 - bit kernels as an NMI could use sched_clock_local ( ) via the
* tracer and hit between the readout of
* the low 32 - bit and the high 32 - bit portion .
*/
this_clock = sched_clock_local(my_scd);
/*
* We must enforce atomic readout on 32 - bit , otherwise the
* update on the remote CPU can hit in between the readout of
* the low 32 - bit and the high 32 - bit portion .
*/
remote_clock = cmpxchg64(&scd->clock, 0 , 0 );
#else
/*
* On 64 - bit kernels the read of [ my ] scd - > clock is atomic versus the
* update , so we can avoid the above 32 - bit dance .
*/
sched_clock_local(my_scd);
again:
this_clock = my_scd->clock;
remote_clock = scd->clock;
#endif
/*
* Use the opportunity that we have both locks
* taken to couple the two clocks : we take the
* larger time as the latest time for both
* runqueues . ( this creates monotonic movement )
*/
if (likely((s64)(remote_clock - this_clock) < 0 )) {
ptr = &scd->clock;
old_val = remote_clock;
val = this_clock;
} else {
/*
* Should be rare , but possible :
*/
ptr = &my_scd->clock;
old_val = this_clock;
val = remote_clock;
}
if (!try_cmpxchg64(ptr, &old_val, val))
goto again;
return val;
}
/*
* Similar to cpu_clock ( ) , but requires local IRQs to be disabled .
*
* See cpu_clock ( ) .
*/
notrace u64 sched_clock_cpu(int cpu)
{
struct sched_clock_data *scd;
u64 clock;
if (sched_clock_stable())
return sched_clock() + __sched_clock_offset;
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_clock_running))
return sched_clock();
preempt_disable_notrace();
scd = cpu_sdc(cpu);
if (cpu != smp_processor_id())
clock = sched_clock_remote(scd);
else
clock = sched_clock_local(scd);
preempt_enable_notrace();
return clock;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock_cpu);
notrace void sched_clock_tick(void )
{
struct sched_clock_data *scd;
if (sched_clock_stable())
return ;
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_clock_running))
return ;
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
scd = this_scd();
__scd_stamp(scd);
sched_clock_local(scd);
}
notrace void sched_clock_tick_stable(void )
{
if (!sched_clock_stable())
return ;
/*
* Called under watchdog_lock .
*
* The watchdog just found this TSC to ( still ) be stable , so now is a
* good moment to update our _ _ gtod_offset . Because once we find the
* TSC to be unstable , any computation will be computing crap .
*/
local_irq_disable();
__sched_clock_gtod_offset();
local_irq_enable();
}
/*
* We are going deep - idle ( IRQs are disabled ) :
*/
notrace void sched_clock_idle_sleep_event(void )
{
sched_clock_cpu(smp_processor_id());
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock_idle_sleep_event);
/*
* We just idled ; resync with ktime .
*/
notrace void sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event(void )
{
unsigned long flags;
if (sched_clock_stable())
return ;
if (unlikely(timekeeping_suspended))
return ;
local_irq_save(flags);
sched_clock_tick();
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event);
#else /* !CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK: */
void __init sched_clock_init(void )
{
static_branch_inc(&sched_clock_running);
local_irq_disable();
generic_sched_clock_init();
local_irq_enable();
}
notrace u64 sched_clock_cpu(int cpu)
{
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_clock_running))
return 0 ;
return sched_clock();
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK */
/*
* Running clock - returns the time that has elapsed while a guest has been
* running .
* On a guest this value should be local_clock minus the time the guest was
* suspended by the hypervisor ( for any reason ) .
* On bare metal this function should return the same as local_clock .
* Architectures and sub - architectures can override this .
*/
notrace u64 __weak running_clock(void )
{
return local_clock();
}
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