/// XML writer. Writes XML [`Event`]s to a [`std::io::Write`] or [`tokio::io::AsyncWrite`] implementor. #[cfg(feature = "serialize")] use {crate::se::SeError, serde::Serialize};
/// XML writer. Writes XML [`Event`]s to a [`std::io::Write`] implementor. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use pretty_assertions::assert_eq; /// use quick_xml::events::{Event, BytesEnd, BytesStart}; /// use quick_xml::reader::Reader; /// use quick_xml::writer::Writer; /// use std::io::Cursor; /// /// let xml = r#"<this_tag k1="v1" k2="v2"><child>text</child></this_tag>"#; /// let mut reader = Reader::from_str(xml); /// let mut writer = Writer::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new())); /// loop { /// match reader.read_event() { /// Ok(Event::Start(e)) if e.name().as_ref() == b"this_tag" => { /// /// // crates a new element ... alternatively we could reuse `e` by calling /// // `e.into_owned()` /// let mut elem = BytesStart::new("my_elem"); /// /// // collect existing attributes /// elem.extend_attributes(e.attributes().map(|attr| attr.unwrap())); /// /// // copy existing attributes, adds a new my-key="some value" attribute /// elem.push_attribute(("my-key", "some value")); /// /// // writes the event to the writer /// assert!(writer.write_event(Event::Start(elem)).is_ok()); /// }, /// Ok(Event::End(e)) if e.name().as_ref() == b"this_tag" => { /// assert!(writer.write_event(Event::End(BytesEnd::new("my_elem"))).is_ok()); /// }, /// Ok(Event::Eof) => break, /// // we can either move or borrow the event to write, depending on your use-case /// Ok(e) => assert!(writer.write_event(e.borrow()).is_ok()), /// Err(e) => panic!("Error at position {}: {:?}", reader.error_position(), e), /// } /// } /// /// let result = writer.into_inner().into_inner(); /// let expected = r#"<my_elem k1="v1" k2="v2" my-key="some value"><child>text</child></my_elem>"#; /// assert_eq!(result, expected.as_bytes()); /// ``` #[derive(Clone)] pubstruct Writer<W> { /// underlying writer
writer: W,
indent: Option<Indentation>,
}
impl<W> Writer<W> { /// Creates a `Writer` from a generic writer. pubconstfn new(inner: W) -> Writer<W> {
Writer {
writer: inner,
indent: None,
}
}
/// Creates a `Writer` with configured indents from a generic writer. pubfn new_with_indent(inner: W, indent_char: u8, indent_size: usize) -> Writer<W> {
Writer {
writer: inner,
indent: Some(Indentation::new(indent_char, indent_size)),
}
}
/// Consumes this `Writer`, returning the underlying writer. pubfn into_inner(self) -> W { self.writer
}
/// Get a mutable reference to the underlying writer. pubfn get_mut(&mutself) -> &mut W {
&mutself.writer
}
/// Get a reference to the underlying writer. pubconstfn get_ref(&self) -> &W {
&self.writer
}
/// Provides a simple, high-level API for writing XML elements. /// /// Returns an [`ElementWriter`] that simplifies setting attributes and writing /// content inside the element. /// /// # Example /// /// ``` /// # use quick_xml::Result; /// # fn main() -> Result<()> { /// use quick_xml::events::{BytesStart, BytesText, Event}; /// use quick_xml::writer::Writer; /// use quick_xml::Error; /// use std::io::Cursor; /// /// let mut writer = Writer::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new())); /// /// // writes <tag attr1="value1"/> /// writer.create_element("tag") /// .with_attribute(("attr1", "value1")) // chain `with_attribute()` calls to add many attributes /// .write_empty()?; /// /// // writes <tag attr1="value1" attr2="value2">with some text inside</tag> /// writer.create_element("tag") /// .with_attributes(vec![("attr1", "value1"), ("attr2", "value2")].into_iter()) // or add attributes from an iterator /// .write_text_content(BytesText::new("with some text inside"))?; /// /// // writes <tag><fruit quantity="0">apple</fruit><fruit quantity="1">orange</fruit></tag> /// writer.create_element("tag") /// // We need to provide error type, because it is not named somewhere explicitly /// .write_inner_content(|writer| { /// let fruits = ["apple", "orange"]; /// for (quant, item) in fruits.iter().enumerate() { /// writer /// .create_element("fruit") /// .with_attribute(("quantity", quant.to_string().as_str())) /// .write_text_content(BytesText::new(item))?; /// } /// Ok(()) /// })?; /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn create_element<'a, N>(&'a mutself, name: N) -> ElementWriter<'a, W> where
N: Into<Cow<'a, str>>,
{
ElementWriter {
writer: self,
start_tag: BytesStart::new(name),
state: AttributeIndent::NoneAttributesWritten,
spaces: Vec::new(),
}
}
}
impl<W: Write> Writer<W> { /// Write a [Byte-Order-Mark] character to the document. /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// # use quick_xml::Result; /// # fn main() -> Result<()> { /// use quick_xml::events::{BytesStart, BytesText, Event}; /// use quick_xml::writer::Writer; /// use quick_xml::Error; /// use std::io::Cursor; /// /// let mut buffer = Vec::new(); /// let mut writer = Writer::new_with_indent(&mut buffer, b' ', 4); /// /// writer.write_bom()?; /// writer /// .create_element("empty") /// .with_attribute(("attr1", "value1")) /// .write_empty() /// .expect("failure"); /// /// assert_eq!( /// std::str::from_utf8(&buffer).unwrap(), /// "\u{FEFF}<empty attr1=\"value1\"/>" /// ); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` /// [Byte-Order-Mark]: https://unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#BOM pubfn write_bom(&mutself) -> io::Result<()> { self.write(UTF8_BOM)
}
/// Manually write a newline and indentation at the proper level. /// /// This can be used when the heuristic to line break and indent after any /// [`Event`] apart from [`Text`] fails such as when a [`Start`] occurs directly /// after [`Text`]. /// /// This method will do nothing if `Writer` was not constructed with [`new_with_indent`]. /// /// [`Text`]: Event::Text /// [`Start`]: Event::Start /// [`new_with_indent`]: Self::new_with_indent pubfn write_indent(&mutself) -> io::Result<()> { iflet Some(ref i) = self.indent { self.writer.write_all(b"\n")?; self.writer.write_all(i.current())?;
}
Ok(())
}
/// Write an arbitrary serializable type /// /// Note: If you are attempting to write XML in a non-UTF-8 encoding, this may not /// be safe to use. Rust basic types assume UTF-8 encodings. /// /// ```rust /// # use pretty_assertions::assert_eq; /// # use serde::Serialize; /// # use quick_xml::events::{BytesStart, Event}; /// # use quick_xml::writer::Writer; /// # use quick_xml::se::SeError; /// # fn main() -> Result<(), SeError> { /// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize)] /// struct MyData { /// question: String, /// answer: u32, /// } /// /// let data = MyData { /// question: "The Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything".into(), /// answer: 42, /// }; /// /// let mut buffer = Vec::new(); /// let mut writer = Writer::new_with_indent(&mut buffer, b' ', 4); /// /// let start = BytesStart::new("root"); /// let end = start.to_end(); /// /// writer.write_event(Event::Start(start.clone()))?; /// writer.write_serializable("my_data", &data)?; /// writer.write_event(Event::End(end))?; /// /// assert_eq!( /// std::str::from_utf8(&buffer)?, /// r#"<root> /// <my_data> /// <question>The Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything</question> /// <answer>42</answer> /// </my_data> /// </root>"# /// ); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// ``` #[cfg(feature = "serialize")] pubfn write_serializable<T: Serialize>(
&mutself,
tag_name: &str,
content: &T,
) -> Result<(), SeError> { usecrate::se::{Indent, Serializer};
/// Track indent inside elements state /// /// ```mermaid /// stateDiagram-v2 /// [*] --> NoneAttributesWritten /// NoneAttributesWritten --> Spaces : .with_attribute() /// NoneAttributesWritten --> WriteConfigured : .new_line() /// /// Spaces --> Spaces : .with_attribute() /// Spaces --> WriteSpaces : .new_line() /// /// WriteSpaces --> Spaces : .with_attribute() /// WriteSpaces --> WriteSpaces : .new_line() /// /// Configured --> Configured : .with_attribute() /// Configured --> WriteConfigured : .new_line() /// /// WriteConfigured --> Configured : .with_attribute() /// WriteConfigured --> WriteConfigured : .new_line() /// ``` #[derive(Debug)] enum AttributeIndent { /// Initial state. `ElementWriter` was just created and no attributes written yet
NoneAttributesWritten, /// Write specified count of spaces to indent before writing attribute in `with_attribute()`
WriteSpaces(usize), /// Keep space indent that should be used if `new_line()` would be called
Spaces(usize), /// Write specified count of indent characters before writing attribute in `with_attribute()`
WriteConfigured(usize), /// Keep indent that should be used if `new_line()` would be called
Configured(usize),
}
/// A struct to write an element. Contains methods to add attributes and inner /// elements to the element pubstruct ElementWriter<'a, W> {
writer: &'a mut Writer<W>,
start_tag: BytesStart<'a>,
state: AttributeIndent, /// Contains spaces used to write space indents of attributes
spaces: Vec<u8>,
}
impl<'a, W> ElementWriter<'a, W> { /// Adds an attribute to this element. pubfn with_attribute<'b, I>(mut self, attr: I) -> Self where
I: Into<Attribute<'b>>,
{ self.write_attr(attr.into()); self
}
/// Add additional attributes to this element using an iterator. /// /// The yielded items must be convertible to [`Attribute`] using `Into`. pubfn with_attributes<'b, I>(mut self, attributes: I) -> Self where
I: IntoIterator,
I::Item: Into<Attribute<'b>>,
{ letmut iter = attributes.into_iter(); iflet Some(attr) = iter.next() { self.write_attr(attr.into()); self.start_tag.extend_attributes(iter);
} self
}
/// Push a new line inside an element between attributes. Note, that this /// method does nothing if [`Writer`] was created without indentation support. /// /// # Examples /// /// The following code /// /// ``` /// # use quick_xml::writer::Writer; /// let mut buffer = Vec::new(); /// let mut writer = Writer::new_with_indent(&mut buffer, b' ', 2); /// writer /// .create_element("element") /// //.new_line() (1) /// .with_attribute(("first", "1")) /// .with_attribute(("second", "2")) /// .new_line() /// .with_attributes([ /// ("third", "3"), /// ("fourth", "4"), /// ]) /// //.new_line() (2) /// .write_empty(); /// ``` /// will produce the following XMLs: /// ```xml /// <!-- result of the code above. Spaces always is used --> /// <element first="1" second="2" /// third="3" fourth="4"/> /// /// <!-- if uncomment only (1) - indent depends on indentation /// settings - 2 spaces here --> /// <element /// first="1" second="2" /// third="3" fourth="4"/> /// /// <!-- if uncomment only (2). Spaces always is used --> /// <element first="1" second="2" /// third="3" fourth="4" /// /> /// ``` pubfn new_line(mutself) -> Self { iflet Some(i) = self.writer.indent.as_mut() { matchself.state { // .new_line() called just after .create_element(). // Use element indent to additionally indent attributes
AttributeIndent::NoneAttributesWritten => { self.state = AttributeIndent::WriteConfigured(i.indent_size)
}
AttributeIndent::WriteSpaces(_) => {} // .new_line() called when .with_attribute() was called at least once. // The spaces should be used to indent // Plan saved indent
AttributeIndent::Spaces(indent) => { self.state = AttributeIndent::WriteSpaces(indent)
}
AttributeIndent::WriteConfigured(_) => {} // .new_line() called when .with_attribute() was called at least once. // The configured indent characters should be used to indent // Plan saved indent
AttributeIndent::Configured(indent) => { self.state = AttributeIndent::WriteConfigured(indent)
}
} self.start_tag.push_newline();
}; self
}
/// Writes attribute and maintain indentation state fn write_attr<'b>(&mut self, attr: Attribute<'b>) { iflet Some(i) = self.writer.indent.as_mut() { // Save the indent that we should use next time when .new_line() be called self.state = matchself.state { // Neither .new_line() or .with_attribute() yet called // If newline inside attributes will be requested, we should indent them // by the length of tag name and +1 for `<` and +1 for one space
AttributeIndent::NoneAttributesWritten => { self.start_tag.push_attribute(attr);
AttributeIndent::Spaces(self.start_tag.name().as_ref().len() + 2)
}
// Indent was requested by previous call to .new_line(), write it // New line was already written
AttributeIndent::WriteSpaces(indent) => { ifself.spaces.len() < indent { self.spaces.resize(indent, b' ');
} self.start_tag.push_indent(&self.spaces[..indent]); self.start_tag.push_attr(attr.into());
AttributeIndent::Spaces(indent)
} // .new_line() was not called, but .with_attribute() was. // use the previously calculated indent
AttributeIndent::Spaces(indent) => { self.start_tag.push_attribute(attr);
AttributeIndent::Spaces(indent)
}
// Indent was requested by previous call to .new_line(), write it // New line was already written
AttributeIndent::WriteConfigured(indent) => { self.start_tag.push_indent(i.additional(indent)); self.start_tag.push_attr(attr.into());
AttributeIndent::Configured(indent)
} // .new_line() was not called, but .with_attribute() was. // use the previously calculated indent
AttributeIndent::Configured(indent) => { self.start_tag.push_attribute(attr);
AttributeIndent::Configured(indent)
}
};
} else { self.start_tag.push_attribute(attr);
}
}
}
impl<'a, W: Write> ElementWriter<'a, W> { /// Write some text inside the current element. pubfn write_text_content(self, text: BytesText) -> io::Result<&'a mut Writer<W>> { self.writer
.write_event(Event::Start(self.start_tag.borrow()))?; self.writer.write_event(Event::Text(text))?; self.writer
.write_event(Event::End(self.start_tag.to_end()))?;
Ok(self.writer)
}
/// Write a CData event `<![CDATA[...]]>` inside the current element. pubfn write_cdata_content(self, text: BytesCData) -> io::Result<&>'a mut Writer<W>> { self.writer
.write_event(Event::Start(self.start_tag.borrow()))?; self.writer.write_event(Event::CData(text))?; self.writer
.write_event(Event::End(self.start_tag.to_end()))?;
Ok(self.writer)
}
/// Write a processing instruction `<?...?>` inside the current element. pubfn write_pi_content(self, pi: BytesPI) -> io::Result<&'a mut Writer<W>> { self.writer
.write_event(Event::Start(self.start_tag.borrow()))?; self.writer.write_event(Event::PI(pi))?; self.writer
.write_event(Event::End(self.start_tag.to_end()))?;
Ok(self.writer)
}
#[derive(Clone)] pub(crate) struct Indentation { /// todo: this is an awkward fit as it has no impact on indentation logic, but it is /// only applicable when an indentation exists. Potentially refactor later
should_line_break: bool, /// The character code to be used for indentations (e.g. ` ` or `\t`)
indent_char: u8, /// How many instances of the indent character ought to be used for each level of indentation
indent_size: usize, /// Used as a cache for the bytes used for indentation
indents: Vec<u8>, /// The current amount of indentation
current_indent_len: usize,
}
/// Increase indentation by one level pubfn grow(&mutself) { self.current_indent_len += self.indent_size; self.ensure(self.current_indent_len);
}
/// Decrease indentation by one level. Do nothing, if level already zero pubfn shrink(&mutself) { self.current_indent_len = self.current_indent_len.saturating_sub(self.indent_size);
}
/// Returns indent string for current level pubfn current(&self) -> &[u8] {
&self.indents[..self.current_indent_len]
}
/// Returns indent with current indent plus additional indent pubfn additional(&mutself, additional_indent: usize) -> &[u8] { let new_len = self.current_indent_len + additional_indent; self.ensure(new_len);
&self.indents[..new_len]
}
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