use core::fmt; use core::future::Future; use core::marker::PhantomData; use core::mem; use core::ptr::NonNull; use core::sync::atomic::Ordering; use core::task::Waker;
/// Creates a new task. /// /// The returned [`Runnable`] is used to poll the `future`, and the [`Task`] is used to await its /// output. /// /// Method [`run()`][`Runnable::run()`] polls the task's future once. Then, the [`Runnable`] /// vanishes and only reappears when its [`Waker`] wakes the task, thus scheduling it to be run /// again. /// /// When the task is woken, its [`Runnable`] is passed to the `schedule` function. /// The `schedule` function should not attempt to run the [`Runnable`] nor to drop it. Instead, it /// should push it into a task queue so that it can be processed later. /// /// If you need to spawn a future that does not implement [`Send`] or isn't `'static`, consider /// using [`spawn_local()`] or [`spawn_unchecked()`] instead. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// // The future inside the task. /// let future = async { /// println!("Hello, world!"); /// }; /// /// // A function that schedules the task when it gets woken up. /// let (s, r) = flume::unbounded(); /// let schedule = move |runnable| s.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// /// // Create a task with the future and the schedule function. /// let (runnable, task) = async_task::spawn(future, schedule); /// ``` pubfn spawn<F, S>(future: F, schedule: S) -> (Runnable, Task<F::Output>) where
F: Future + Send + 'static,
F::Output: Send + 'static,
S: Fn(Runnable) + Send + Sync + 'static,
{ unsafe { spawn_unchecked(future, schedule) }
}
/// Creates a new thread-local task. /// /// This function is same as [`spawn()`], except it does not require [`Send`] on `future`. If the /// [`Runnable`] is used or dropped on another thread, a panic will occur. /// /// This function is only available when the `std` feature for this crate is enabled. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use async_task::Runnable; /// use flume::{Receiver, Sender}; /// use std::rc::Rc; /// /// thread_local! { /// // A queue that holds scheduled tasks. /// static QUEUE: (Sender<Runnable>, Receiver<Runnable>) = flume::unbounded(); /// } /// /// // Make a non-Send future. /// let msg: Rc<str> = "Hello, world!".into(); /// let future = async move { /// println!("{}", msg); /// }; /// /// // A function that schedules the task when it gets woken up. /// let s = QUEUE.with(|(s, _)| s.clone()); /// let schedule = move |runnable| s.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// /// // Create a task with the future and the schedule function. /// let (runnable, task) = async_task::spawn_local(future, schedule); /// ``` #[cfg(feature = "std")] pubfn spawn_local<F, S>(future: F, schedule: S) -> (Runnable, Task<F::Output>) where
F: Future + 'static,
F::Output: 'static,
S: Fn(Runnable) + Send + Sync + 'static,
{ use std::mem::ManuallyDrop; use std::pin::Pin; use std::task::{Context, Poll}; use std::thread::{self, ThreadId};
// Wrap the future into one that checks which thread it's on. let future = Checked {
id: thread_id(),
inner: ManuallyDrop::new(future),
};
unsafe { spawn_unchecked(future, schedule) }
}
/// Creates a new task without [`Send`], [`Sync`], and `'static` bounds. /// /// This function is same as [`spawn()`], except it does not require [`Send`], [`Sync`], and /// `'static` on `future` and `schedule`. /// /// # Safety /// /// - If `future` is not [`Send`], its [`Runnable`] must be used and dropped on the original /// thread. /// - If `future` is not `'static`, borrowed variables must outlive its [`Runnable`]. /// - If `schedule` is not [`Send`] and [`Sync`], the task's [`Waker`] must be used and dropped on /// the original thread. /// - If `schedule` is not `'static`, borrowed variables must outlive the task's [`Waker`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// // The future inside the task. /// let future = async { /// println!("Hello, world!"); /// }; /// /// // If the task gets woken up, it will be sent into this channel. /// let (s, r) = flume::unbounded(); /// let schedule = move |runnable| s.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// /// // Create a task with the future and the schedule function. /// let (runnable, task) = unsafe { async_task::spawn_unchecked(future, schedule) }; /// ``` pubunsafefn spawn_unchecked<F, S>(future: F, schedule: S) -> (Runnable, Task<F::Output>) where
F: Future,
S: Fn(Runnable),
{ // Allocate large futures on the heap. let ptr = if mem::size_of::<F>() >= 2048 { let future = alloc::boxed::Box::pin(future);
RawTask::<_, F::Output, S>::allocate(future, schedule)
} else {
RawTask::<F, F::Output, S>::allocate(future, schedule)
};
let runnable = Runnable { ptr }; let task = Task {
ptr,
_marker: PhantomData,
};
(runnable, task)
}
/// A handle to a runnable task. /// /// Every spawned task has a single [`Runnable`] handle, which only exists when the task is /// scheduled for running. /// /// Method [`run()`][`Runnable::run()`] polls the task's future once. Then, the [`Runnable`] /// vanishes and only reappears when its [`Waker`] wakes the task, thus scheduling it to be run /// again. /// /// Dropping a [`Runnable`] cancels the task, which means its future won't be polled again, and /// awaiting the [`Task`] after that will result in a panic. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use async_task::Runnable; /// use once_cell::sync::Lazy; /// use std::{panic, thread}; /// /// // A simple executor. /// static QUEUE: Lazy<flume::Sender<Runnable>> = Lazy::new(|| { /// let (sender, receiver) = flume::unbounded::<Runnable>(); /// thread::spawn(|| { /// for runnable in receiver { /// let _ignore_panic = panic::catch_unwind(|| runnable.run()); /// } /// }); /// sender /// }); /// /// // Create a task with a simple future. /// let schedule = |runnable| QUEUE.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// let (runnable, task) = async_task::spawn(async { 1 + 2 }, schedule); /// /// // Schedule the task and await its output. /// runnable.schedule(); /// assert_eq!(smol::future::block_on(task), 3); /// ``` pubstruct Runnable { /// A pointer to the heap-allocated task. pub(crate) ptr: NonNull<()>,
}
unsafeimpl Send for Runnable {} unsafeimpl Sync for Runnable {}
#[cfg(feature = "std")] impl std::panic::UnwindSafe for Runnable {} #[cfg(feature = "std")] impl std::panic::RefUnwindSafe for Runnable {}
impl Runnable { /// Schedules the task. /// /// This is a convenience method that passes the [`Runnable`] to the schedule function. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// // A function that schedules the task when it gets woken up. /// let (s, r) = flume::unbounded(); /// let schedule = move |runnable| s.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// /// // Create a task with a simple future and the schedule function. /// let (runnable, task) = async_task::spawn(async {}, schedule); /// /// // Schedule the task. /// assert_eq!(r.len(), 0); /// runnable.schedule(); /// assert_eq!(r.len(), 1); /// ``` pubfn schedule(self) { let ptr = self.ptr.as_ptr(); let header = ptr as *const Header;
mem::forget(self);
unsafe {
((*header).vtable.schedule)(ptr);
}
}
/// Runs the task by polling its future. /// /// Returns `true` if the task was woken while running, in which case the [`Runnable`] gets /// rescheduled at the end of this method invocation. Otherwise, returns `false` and the /// [`Runnable`] vanishes until the task is woken. /// The return value is just a hint: `true` usually indicates that the task has yielded, i.e. /// it woke itself and then gave the control back to the executor. /// /// If the [`Task`] handle was dropped or if [`cancel()`][`Task::cancel()`] was called, then /// this method simply destroys the task. /// /// If the polled future panics, this method propagates the panic, and awaiting the [`Task`] /// after that will also result in a panic. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// // A function that schedules the task when it gets woken up. /// let (s, r) = flume::unbounded(); /// let schedule = move |runnable| s.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// /// // Create a task with a simple future and the schedule function. /// let (runnable, task) = async_task::spawn(async { 1 + 2 }, schedule); /// /// // Run the task and check its output. /// runnable.run(); /// assert_eq!(smol::future::block_on(task), 3); /// ``` pubfn run(self) -> bool { let ptr = self.ptr.as_ptr(); let header = ptr as *const Header;
mem::forget(self);
unsafe { ((*header).vtable.run)(ptr) }
}
/// Returns a waker associated with this task. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use smol::future; /// /// // A function that schedules the task when it gets woken up. /// let (s, r) = flume::unbounded(); /// let schedule = move |runnable| s.send(runnable).unwrap(); /// /// // Create a task with a simple future and the schedule function. /// let (runnable, task) = async_task::spawn(future::pending::<()>(), schedule); /// /// // Take a waker and run the task. /// let waker = runnable.waker(); /// runnable.run(); /// /// // Reschedule the task by waking it. /// assert_eq!(r.len(), 0); /// waker.wake(); /// assert_eq!(r.len(), 1); /// ``` pubfn waker(&self) -> Waker { let ptr = self.ptr.as_ptr(); let header = ptr as *const Header;
unsafe { let raw_waker = ((*header).vtable.clone_waker)(ptr);
Waker::from_raw(raw_waker)
}
}
}
impl Drop for Runnable { fn drop(&mutself) { let ptr = self.ptr.as_ptr(); let header = ptr as *const Header;
unsafe { letmut state = (*header).state.load(Ordering::Acquire);
loop { // If the task has been completed or closed, it can't be canceled. if state & (COMPLETED | CLOSED) != 0 { break;
}
// Mark the task as closed. match (*header).state.compare_exchange_weak(
state,
state | CLOSED,
Ordering::AcqRel,
Ordering::Acquire,
) {
Ok(_) => break,
Err(s) => state = s,
}
}
// Drop the future.
((*header).vtable.drop_future)(ptr);
// Mark the task as unscheduled. let state = (*header).state.fetch_and(!SCHEDULED, Ordering::AcqRel);
// Notify the awaiter that the future has been dropped. if state & AWAITER != 0 {
(*header).notify(None);
}
// Drop the task reference.
((*header).vtable.drop_ref)(ptr);
}
}
}
impl fmt::Debug for Runnable { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { let ptr = self.ptr.as_ptr(); let header = ptr as *const Header;
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