/*
* Copyright ( c ) 1995 , 2021 , Oracle and / or its affiliates . All rights reserved .
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER .
*
* This code is free software ; you can redistribute it and / or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only , as
* published by the Free Software Foundation . Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the " Classpath " exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code .
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful , but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY ; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE . See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details ( a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code ) .
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work ; if not , write to the Free Software Foundation ,
* Inc . , 51 Franklin St , Fifth Floor , Boston , MA 02110 - 1301 USA .
*
* Please contact Oracle , 500 Oracle Parkway , Redwood Shores , CA 94065 USA
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*/
package java.lang;
import jdk.internal.util.StaticProperty;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.ProcessBuilder.Redirect;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
/**
* { @ code Process } provides control of native processes started by
* ProcessBuilder . start and Runtime . exec .
* The class provides methods for performing input from the process , performing
* output to the process , waiting for the process to complete ,
* checking the exit status of the process , and destroying ( killing )
* the process .
* The { @ link ProcessBuilder # start ( ) } and
* { @ link Runtime # exec ( String [ ] , String [ ] , File ) Runtime . exec }
* methods create a native process and return an instance of a
* subclass of { @ code Process } that can be used to control the process
* and obtain information about it .
*
* < p > The methods that create processes may not work well for special
* processes on certain native platforms , such as native windowing
* processes , daemon processes , Win16 / DOS processes on Microsoft
* Windows , or shell scripts .
*
* < p > By default , the created process does not have its own terminal
* or console . All its standard I / O ( i . e . stdin , stdout , stderr )
* operations will be redirected to the parent process , where they can
* be accessed via the streams obtained using the methods
* { @ link # getOutputStream ( ) } ,
* { @ link # getInputStream ( ) } , and
* { @ link # getErrorStream ( ) } .
* The I / O streams of characters and lines can be written and read using the methods
* { @ link # outputWriter ( ) } , { @ link # outputWriter ( Charset ) } } ,
* { @ link # inputReader ( ) } , { @ link # inputReader ( Charset ) } ,
* { @ link # errorReader ( ) } , and { @ link # errorReader ( Charset ) } .
* The parent process uses these streams to feed input to and get output
* from the process . Because some native platforms only provide
* limited buffer size for standard input and output streams , failure
* to promptly write the input stream or read the output stream of
* the process may cause the process to block , or even deadlock .
*
* < p > Where desired , < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - input " >
* process I / O can also be redirected < / a >
* using methods of the { @ link ProcessBuilder } class .
*
* < p > The process is not killed when there are no more references to
* the { @ code Process } object , but rather the process
* continues executing asynchronously .
*
* < p > There is no requirement that the process represented by a { @ code
* Process } object execute asynchronously or concurrently with respect
* to the Java process that owns the { @ code Process } object .
*
* < p > As of 1 . 5 , { @ link ProcessBuilder # start ( ) } is the preferred way
* to create a { @ code Process } .
*
* < p > Subclasses of Process should override the { @ link # onExit ( ) } and
* { @ link # toHandle ( ) } methods to provide a fully functional Process including the
* { @ linkplain # pid ( ) process id } ,
* { @ linkplain # info ( ) information about the process } ,
* { @ linkplain # children ( ) direct children } , and
* { @ linkplain # descendants ( ) direct children plus descendants of those children } of the process .
* Delegating to the underlying Process or ProcessHandle is typically
* easiest and most efficient .
*
* @ since 1 . 0
*/
public abstract class Process {
// Readers and Writers created for this process; so repeated calls return the same object
// All updates must be done while synchronized on this Process.
private BufferedWriter outputWriter;
private Charset outputCharset;
private BufferedReader inputReader;
private Charset inputCharset;
private BufferedReader errorReader;
private Charset errorCharset;
/**
* Default constructor for Process .
*/
public Process() {}
/**
* Returns the output stream connected to the normal input of the
* process . Output to the stream is piped into the standard
* input of the process represented by this { @ code Process } object .
*
* < p > If the standard input of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectInput ( Redirect )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectInput }
* then this method will return a
* < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - input " > null output stream < / a > .
*
* @ apiNote
* When writing to both { @ link # getOutputStream ( ) } and either { @ link # outputWriter ( ) }
* or { @ link # outputWriter ( Charset ) } , { @ link BufferedWriter # flush BufferedWriter . flush }
* should be called before writes to the { @ code OutputStream } .
*
* @ implNote
* Implementation note : It is a good idea for the returned
* output stream to be buffered .
*
* @ return the output stream connected to the normal input of the
* process
*/
public abstract OutputStream getOutputStream();
/**
* Returns the input stream connected to the normal output of the
* process . The stream obtains data piped from the standard
* output of the process represented by this { @ code Process } object .
*
* < p > If the standard output of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectOutput ( Redirect )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectOutput }
* then this method will return a
* < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - output " > null input stream < / a > .
*
* < p > Otherwise , if the standard error of the process has been
* redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectErrorStream ( boolean )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectErrorStream }
* then the input stream returned by this method will receive the
* merged standard output and the standard error of the process .
*
* @ apiNote
* Use { @ link # getInputStream ( ) } and { @ link # inputReader ( ) } with extreme care .
* The { @ code BufferedReader } may have buffered input from the input stream .
*
* @ implNote
* Implementation note : It is a good idea for the returned
* input stream to be buffered .
*
* @ return the input stream connected to the normal output of the
* process
*/
public abstract InputStream getInputStream();
/**
* Returns the input stream connected to the error output of the
* process . The stream obtains data piped from the error output
* of the process represented by this { @ code Process } object .
*
* < p > If the standard error of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectError ( Redirect )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectError } or
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectErrorStream ( boolean )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectErrorStream }
* then this method will return a
* < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - output " > null input stream < / a > .
*
* @ apiNote
* Use { @ link # getErrorStream ( ) } and { @ link # errorReader ( ) } with extreme care .
* The { @ code BufferedReader } may have buffered input from the error stream .
*
* @ implNote
* Implementation note : It is a good idea for the returned
* input stream to be buffered .
*
* @ return the input stream connected to the error output of
* the process
*/
public abstract InputStream getErrorStream();
/**
* Returns a { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } connected to the standard
* output of the process . The { @ link Charset } for the native encoding is used
* to read characters , lines , or stream lines from standard output .
*
* < p > This method delegates to { @ link # inputReader ( Charset ) } using the
* { @ link Charset } named by the { @ code native . encoding } system property .
* If the { @ code native . encoding } is not a valid charset name or not supported
* the { @ link Charset # defaultCharset ( ) } is used .
*
* @ return a { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } using the
* { @ code native . encoding } if supported , otherwise , the
* { @ link Charset # defaultCharset ( ) }
* @ since 17
*/
public final BufferedReader inputReader() {
return inputReader(CharsetHolder.nativeCharset());
}
/**
* Returns a { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } connected to the
* standard output of this process using a Charset .
* The { @ code BufferedReader } can be used to read characters , lines ,
* or stream lines of the standard output .
*
* < p > Characters are read by an InputStreamReader that reads and decodes bytes
* from this process { @ link # getInputStream ( ) } . Bytes are decoded to characters
* using the { @ code charset } ; malformed - input and unmappable - character
* sequences are replaced with the charset ' s default replacement .
* The { @ code BufferedReader } reads and buffers characters from the InputStreamReader .
*
* < p > The first call to this method creates the { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } ,
* if called again with the same { @ code charset } the same { @ code BufferedReader } is returned .
* It is an error to call this method again with a different { @ code charset } .
*
* < p > If the standard output of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectOutput ( Redirect ) ProcessBuilder . redirectOutput }
* then the { @ code InputStreamReader } will be reading from a
* < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - output " > null input stream < / a > .
*
* < p > Otherwise , if the standard error of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectErrorStream ( boolean )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectErrorStream } then the input reader returned by
* this method will receive the merged standard output and the standard error
* of the process .
*
* @ apiNote
* Using both { @ link # getInputStream } and { @ link # inputReader ( Charset ) } has
* unpredictable behavior since the buffered reader reads ahead from the
* input stream .
*
* < p > When the process has terminated , and the standard input has not been redirected ,
* reading of the bytes available from the underlying stream is on a best effort basis and
* may be unpredictable .
*
* @ param charset the { @ code Charset } used to decode bytes to characters
* @ return a { @ code BufferedReader } for the standard output of the process using the { @ code charset }
* @ throws NullPointerException if the { @ code charset } is { @ code null }
* @ throws IllegalStateException if called more than once with different charset arguments
* @ since 17
*/
public final BufferedReader inputReader(Charset charset) {
Objects.requireNonNull(charset, "charset" );
synchronized (this ) {
if (inputReader == null ) {
inputCharset = charset;
inputReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(getInputStream(), charset));
} else {
if (!inputCharset.equals(charset))
throw new IllegalStateException("BufferedReader was created with charset: " + inputCharset);
}
return inputReader;
}
}
/**
* Returns a { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } connected to the standard
* error of the process . The { @ link Charset } for the native encoding is used
* to read characters , lines , or stream lines from standard error .
*
* < p > This method delegates to { @ link # errorReader ( Charset ) } using the
* { @ link Charset } named by the { @ code native . encoding } system property .
* If the { @ code native . encoding } is not a valid charset name or not supported
* the { @ link Charset # defaultCharset ( ) } is used .
*
* @ return a { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } using the
* { @ code native . encoding } if supported , otherwise , the
* { @ link Charset # defaultCharset ( ) }
* @ since 17
*/
public final BufferedReader errorReader() {
return errorReader(CharsetHolder.nativeCharset());
}
/**
* Returns a { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } connected to the
* standard error of this process using a Charset .
* The { @ code BufferedReader } can be used to read characters , lines ,
* or stream lines of the standard error .
*
* < p > Characters are read by an InputStreamReader that reads and decodes bytes
* from this process { @ link # getErrorStream ( ) } . Bytes are decoded to characters
* using the { @ code charset } ; malformed - input and unmappable - character
* sequences are replaced with the charset ' s default replacement .
* The { @ code BufferedReader } reads and buffers characters from the InputStreamReader .
*
* < p > The first call to this method creates the { @ link BufferedReader BufferedReader } ,
* if called again with the same { @ code charset } the same { @ code BufferedReader } is returned .
* It is an error to call this method again with a different { @ code charset } .
*
* < p > If the standard error of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectError ( Redirect ) ProcessBuilder . redirectError } or
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectErrorStream ( boolean ) ProcessBuilder . redirectErrorStream }
* then the { @ code InputStreamReader } will be reading from a
* < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - output " > null input stream < / a > .
*
* @ apiNote
* Using both { @ link # getErrorStream } and { @ link # errorReader ( Charset ) } has
* unpredictable behavior since the buffered reader reads ahead from the
* error stream .
*
* < p > When the process has terminated , and the standard error has not been redirected ,
* reading of the bytes available from the underlying stream is on a best effort basis and
* may be unpredictable .
*
* @ param charset the { @ code Charset } used to decode bytes to characters
* @ return a { @ code BufferedReader } for the standard error of the process using the { @ code charset }
* @ throws NullPointerException if the { @ code charset } is { @ code null }
* @ throws IllegalStateException if called more than once with different charset arguments
* @ since 17
*/
public final BufferedReader errorReader(Charset charset) {
Objects.requireNonNull(charset, "charset" );
synchronized (this ) {
if (errorReader == null ) {
errorCharset = charset;
errorReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(getErrorStream(), charset));
} else {
if (!errorCharset.equals(charset))
throw new IllegalStateException("BufferedReader was created with charset: " + errorCharset);
}
return errorReader;
}
}
/**
* Returns a { @ code BufferedWriter } connected to the normal input of the process
* using the native encoding .
* Writes text to a character - output stream , buffering characters so as to provide
* for the efficient writing of single characters , arrays , and strings .
*
* < p > This method delegates to { @ link # outputWriter ( Charset ) } using the
* { @ link Charset } named by the { @ code native . encoding } system property .
* If the { @ code native . encoding } is not a valid charset name or not supported
* the { @ link Charset # defaultCharset ( ) } is used .
*
* @ return a { @ code BufferedWriter } to the standard input of the process using the charset
* for the { @ code native . encoding } system property
* @ since 17
*/
public final BufferedWriter outputWriter() {
return outputWriter(CharsetHolder.nativeCharset());
}
/**
* Returns a { @ code BufferedWriter } connected to the normal input of the process
* using a Charset .
* Writes text to a character - output stream , buffering characters so as to provide
* for the efficient writing of single characters , arrays , and strings .
*
* < p > Characters written by the writer are encoded to bytes using { @ link OutputStreamWriter }
* and the { @ link Charset } are written to the standard input of the process represented
* by this { @ code Process } .
* Malformed - input and unmappable - character sequences are replaced with the charset ' s
* default replacement .
*
* < p > The first call to this method creates the { @ link BufferedWriter BufferedWriter } ,
* if called again with the same { @ code charset } the same { @ code BufferedWriter } is returned .
* It is an error to call this method again with a different { @ code charset } .
*
* < p > If the standard input of the process has been redirected using
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # redirectInput ( Redirect )
* ProcessBuilder . redirectInput } then the { @ code OutputStreamWriter } writes to a
* < a href = " ProcessBuilder . html # redirect - input " > null output stream < / a > .
*
* @ apiNote
* A { @ linkplain BufferedWriter } writes characters , arrays of characters , and strings .
* Wrapping the { @ link BufferedWriter } with a { @ link PrintWriter } provides
* efficient buffering and formatting of primitives and objects as well as support
* for auto - flush on line endings .
* Call the { @ link BufferedWriter # flush ( ) } method to flush buffered output to the process .
* < p >
* When writing to both { @ link # getOutputStream ( ) } and either { @ link # outputWriter ( ) }
* or { @ link # outputWriter ( Charset ) } , { @ linkplain BufferedWriter # flush BufferedWriter . flush }
* should be called before writes to the { @ code OutputStream } .
*
* @ param charset the { @ code Charset } to encode characters to bytes
* @ return a { @ code BufferedWriter } to the standard input of the process using the { @ code charset }
* @ throws NullPointerException if the { @ code charset } is { @ code null }
* @ throws IllegalStateException if called more than once with different charset arguments
* @ since 17
*/
public final BufferedWriter outputWriter(Charset charset) {
Objects.requireNonNull(charset, "charset" );
synchronized (this ) {
if (outputWriter == null ) {
outputCharset = charset;
outputWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(getOutputStream(), charset));
} else {
if (!outputCharset.equals(charset))
throw new IllegalStateException("BufferedWriter was created with charset: " + outputCharset);
}
return outputWriter;
}
}
/**
* Causes the current thread to wait , if necessary , until the
* process represented by this { @ code Process } object has
* terminated . This method returns immediately if the process
* has already terminated . If the process has not yet
* terminated , the calling thread will be blocked until the
* process exits .
*
* @ return the exit value of the process represented by this
* { @ code Process } object . By convention , the value
* { @ code 0 } indicates normal termination .
* @ throws InterruptedException if the current thread is
* { @ linkplain Thread # interrupt ( ) interrupted } by another
* thread while it is waiting , then the wait is ended and
* an { @ link InterruptedException } is thrown .
*/
public abstract int waitFor() throws InterruptedException;
/**
* Causes the current thread to wait , if necessary , until the
* process represented by this { @ code Process } object has
* terminated , or the specified waiting time elapses .
*
* < p > If the process has already terminated then this method returns
* immediately with the value { @ code true } . If the process has not
* terminated and the timeout value is less than , or equal to , zero , then
* this method returns immediately with the value { @ code false } .
*
* < p > The default implementation of this method polls the { @ code exitValue }
* to check if the process has terminated . Concrete implementations of this
* class are strongly encouraged to override this method with a more
* efficient implementation .
*
* @ param timeout the maximum time to wait
* @ param unit the time unit of the { @ code timeout } argument
* @ return { @ code true } if the process has exited and { @ code false } if
* the waiting time elapsed before the process has exited .
* @ throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
* while waiting .
* @ throws NullPointerException if unit is null
* @ since 1 . 8
*/
public boolean waitFor(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
throws InterruptedException
{
long remainingNanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); // throw NPE before other conditions
if (hasExited())
return true ;
if (timeout <= 0 )
return false ;
long deadline = System.nanoTime() + remainingNanos;
do {
Thread .sleep(Math.min(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(remainingNanos) + 1 , 100 ));
if (hasExited())
return true ;
remainingNanos = deadline - System.nanoTime();
} while (remainingNanos > 0 );
return false ;
}
/**
* Returns the exit value for the process .
*
* @ return the exit value of the process represented by this
* { @ code Process } object . By convention , the value
* { @ code 0 } indicates normal termination .
* @ throws IllegalThreadStateException if the process represented
* by this { @ code Process } object has not yet terminated
*/
public abstract int exitValue();
/**
* Kills the process .
* Whether the process represented by this { @ code Process } object is
* { @ linkplain # supportsNormalTermination normally terminated } or not is
* implementation dependent .
* Forcible process destruction is defined as the immediate termination of a
* process , whereas normal termination allows the process to shut down cleanly .
* If the process is not alive , no action is taken .
* < p >
* The { @ link java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture } from { @ link # onExit } is
* { @ linkplain java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # complete completed }
* when the process has terminated .
*/
public abstract void destroy();
/**
* Kills the process forcibly . The process represented by this
* { @ code Process } object is forcibly terminated .
* Forcible process destruction is defined as the immediate termination of a
* process , whereas normal termination allows the process to shut down cleanly .
* If the process is not alive , no action is taken .
* < p >
* The { @ link java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture } from { @ link # onExit } is
* { @ linkplain java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # complete completed }
* when the process has terminated .
* < p >
* Invoking this method on { @ code Process } objects returned by
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # start ( ) } and { @ link Runtime # exec } forcibly terminate
* the process .
*
* @ implSpec
* The default implementation of this method invokes { @ link # destroy }
* and so may not forcibly terminate the process .
* @ implNote
* Concrete implementations of this class are strongly encouraged to override
* this method with a compliant implementation .
* @ apiNote
* The process may not terminate immediately .
* i . e . { @ code isAlive ( ) } may return true for a brief period
* after { @ code destroyForcibly ( ) } is called . This method
* may be chained to { @ code waitFor ( ) } if needed .
*
* @ return the { @ code Process } object representing the
* process forcibly destroyed
* @ since 1 . 8
*/
public Process destroyForcibly() {
destroy();
return this ;
}
/**
* Returns { @ code true } if the implementation of { @ link # destroy } is to
* normally terminate the process ,
* Returns { @ code false } if the implementation of { @ code destroy }
* forcibly and immediately terminates the process .
* < p >
* Invoking this method on { @ code Process } objects returned by
* { @ link ProcessBuilder # start ( ) } and { @ link Runtime # exec } return
* { @ code true } or { @ code false } depending on the platform implementation .
*
* @ implSpec
* This implementation throws an instance of
* { @ link java . lang . UnsupportedOperationException } and performs no other action .
*
* @ return { @ code true } if the implementation of { @ link # destroy } is to
* normally terminate the process ;
* otherwise , { @ link # destroy } forcibly terminates the process
* @ throws UnsupportedOperationException if the Process implementation
* does not support this operation
* @ since 9
*/
public boolean supportsNormalTermination() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(this .getClass()
+ ".supportsNormalTermination() not supported" );
}
/**
* Tests whether the process represented by this { @ code Process } is
* alive .
*
* @ return { @ code true } if the process represented by this
* { @ code Process } object has not yet terminated .
* @ since 1 . 8
*/
public boolean isAlive() {
return !hasExited();
}
/**
* This is called from the default implementation of
* { @ code waitFor ( long , TimeUnit ) } , which is specified to poll
* { @ code exitValue ( ) } .
*/
private boolean hasExited() {
try {
exitValue();
return true ;
} catch (IllegalThreadStateException e) {
return false ;
}
}
/**
* Returns the native process ID of the process .
* The native process ID is an identification number that the operating
* system assigns to the process .
*
* @ implSpec
* The implementation of this method returns the process id as :
* { @ link # toHandle toHandle ( ) . pid ( ) } .
*
* @ return the native process id of the process
* @ throws UnsupportedOperationException if the Process implementation
* does not support this operation
* @ since 9
*/
public long pid() {
return toHandle().pid();
}
/**
* Returns a { @ code CompletableFuture < Process > } for the termination of the Process .
* The { @ link java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture } provides the ability
* to trigger dependent functions or actions that may be run synchronously
* or asynchronously upon process termination .
* When the process has terminated the CompletableFuture is
* { @ link java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # complete completed } regardless
* of the exit status of the process .
* < p >
* Calling { @ code onExit ( ) . get ( ) } waits for the process to terminate and returns
* the Process . The future can be used to check if the process is
* { @ linkplain java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # isDone done } or to
* { @ linkplain java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # get ( ) wait } for it to terminate .
* { @ linkplain java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # cancel ( boolean ) Cancelling }
* the CompletableFuture does not affect the Process .
* < p >
* Processes returned from { @ link ProcessBuilder # start ( ) } override the
* default implementation to provide an efficient mechanism to wait
* for process exit .
*
* @ apiNote
* Using { @ link # onExit ( ) onExit } is an alternative to
* { @ link # waitFor ( ) waitFor } that enables both additional concurrency
* and convenient access to the result of the Process .
* Lambda expressions can be used to evaluate the result of the Process
* execution .
* If there is other processing to be done before the value is used
* then { @ linkplain # onExit onExit } is a convenient mechanism to
* free the current thread and block only if and when the value is needed .
* < br >
* For example , launching a process to compare two files and get a boolean if they are identical :
* < pre > { @ code Process p = new ProcessBuilder ( " cmp " , " f1 " , " f2 " ) . start ( ) ;
* Future < Boolean > identical = p . onExit ( ) . thenApply ( p1 - > p1 . exitValue ( ) = = 0 ) ;
* . . .
* if ( identical . get ( ) ) { . . . }
* } < / pre >
*
* @ implSpec
* This implementation executes { @ link # waitFor ( ) } in a separate thread
* repeatedly until it returns successfully . If the execution of
* { @ code waitFor } is interrupted , the thread ' s interrupt status is preserved .
* < p >
* When { @ link # waitFor ( ) } returns successfully the CompletableFuture is
* { @ linkplain java . util . concurrent . CompletableFuture # complete completed } regardless
* of the exit status of the process .
*
* This implementation may consume a lot of memory for thread stacks if a
* large number of processes are waited for concurrently .
* < p >
* External implementations should override this method and provide
* a more efficient implementation . For example , to delegate to the underlying
* process , it can do the following :
* < pre > { @ code
* public CompletableFuture < Process > onExit ( ) {
* return delegate . onExit ( ) . thenApply ( p - > this ) ;
* }
* } < / pre >
* @ apiNote
* The process may be observed to have terminated with { @ link # isAlive }
* before the ComputableFuture is completed and dependent actions are invoked .
*
* @ return a new { @ code CompletableFuture < Process > } for the Process
*
* @ since 9
*/
public CompletableFuture<Process> onExit() {
return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(this ::waitForInternal);
}
/**
* Wait for the process to exit by calling { @ code waitFor } .
* If the thread is interrupted , remember the interrupted state to
* be restored before returning . Use ForkJoinPool . ManagedBlocker
* so that the number of workers in case ForkJoinPool is used is
* compensated when the thread blocks in waitFor ( ) .
*
* @ return the Process
*/
private Process waitForInternal() {
boolean interrupted = false ;
while (true ) {
try {
ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(new ForkJoinPool.ManagedBlocker() {
@Override
public boolean block() throws InterruptedException {
waitFor();
return true ;
}
@Override
public boolean isReleasable() {
return !isAlive();
}
});
break ;
} catch (InterruptedException x) {
interrupted = true ;
}
}
if (interrupted) {
Thread .currentThread().interrupt();
}
return this ;
}
/**
* Returns a ProcessHandle for the Process .
*
* { @ code Process } objects returned by { @ link ProcessBuilder # start ( ) } and
* { @ link Runtime # exec } implement { @ code toHandle } as the equivalent of
* { @ link ProcessHandle # of ( long ) ProcessHandle . of ( pid ) } including the
* check for a SecurityManager and { @ code RuntimePermission ( " manageProcess " ) } .
*
* @ implSpec
* This implementation throws an instance of
* { @ link java . lang . UnsupportedOperationException } and performs no other action .
* Subclasses should override this method to provide a ProcessHandle for the
* process . The methods { @ link # pid } , { @ link # info } , { @ link # children } ,
* and { @ link # descendants } , unless overridden , operate on the ProcessHandle .
*
* @ return Returns a ProcessHandle for the Process
* @ throws UnsupportedOperationException if the Process implementation
* does not support this operation
* @ throws SecurityException if a security manager has been installed and
* it denies RuntimePermission ( " manageProcess " )
* @ since 9
*/
public ProcessHandle toHandle() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(this .getClass()
+ ".toHandle() not supported" );
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of information about the process .
*
* < p > A { @ link ProcessHandle . Info } instance has accessor methods
* that return information about the process if it is available .
*
* @ implSpec
* This implementation returns information about the process as :
* { @ link # toHandle toHandle ( ) . info ( ) } .
*
* @ return a snapshot of information about the process , always non - null
* @ throws UnsupportedOperationException if the Process implementation
* does not support this operation
* @ since 9
*/
public ProcessHandle.Info info() {
return toHandle().info();
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of the direct children of the process .
* The parent of a direct child process is the process .
* Typically , a process that is { @ linkplain # isAlive not alive } has no children .
* < p >
* < em > Note that processes are created and terminate asynchronously .
* There is no guarantee that a process is { @ linkplain # isAlive alive } .
* < / em >
*
* @ implSpec
* This implementation returns the direct children as :
* { @ link # toHandle toHandle ( ) . children ( ) } .
*
* @ return a sequential Stream of ProcessHandles for processes that are
* direct children of the process
* @ throws UnsupportedOperationException if the Process implementation
* does not support this operation
* @ throws SecurityException if a security manager has been installed and
* it denies RuntimePermission ( " manageProcess " )
* @ since 9
*/
public Stream<ProcessHandle> children() {
return toHandle().children();
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of the descendants of the process .
* The descendants of a process are the children of the process
* plus the descendants of those children , recursively .
* Typically , a process that is { @ linkplain # isAlive not alive } has no children .
* < p >
* < em > Note that processes are created and terminate asynchronously .
* There is no guarantee that a process is { @ linkplain # isAlive alive } .
* < / em >
*
* @ implSpec
* This implementation returns all children as :
* { @ link # toHandle toHandle ( ) . descendants ( ) } .
*
* @ return a sequential Stream of ProcessHandles for processes that
* are descendants of the process
* @ throws UnsupportedOperationException if the Process implementation
* does not support this operation
* @ throws SecurityException if a security manager has been installed and
* it denies RuntimePermission ( " manageProcess " )
* @ since 9
*/
public Stream<ProcessHandle> descendants() {
return toHandle().descendants();
}
/**
* An input stream for a subprocess pipe that skips by reading bytes
* instead of seeking , the underlying pipe does not support seek .
*/
static class PipeInputStream extends FileInputStream {
PipeInputStream(FileDescriptor fd) {
super (fd);
}
@Override
public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
long remaining = n;
int nr;
if (n <= 0 ) {
return 0 ;
}
int size = (int )Math.min(2048 , remaining);
byte [] skipBuffer = new byte [size];
while (remaining > 0 ) {
nr = read(skipBuffer, 0 , (int )Math.min(size, remaining));
if (nr < 0 ) {
break ;
}
remaining -= nr;
}
return n - remaining;
}
}
/**
* A nested class to delay looking up the Charset for the native encoding .
*/
private static class CharsetHolder {
private static final Charset nativeCharset;
static {
Charset cs;
try {
cs = Charset.forName(StaticProperty.nativeEncoding());
} catch (UnsupportedCharsetException uce) {
cs = Charset.defaultCharset();
}
nativeCharset = cs;
}
/**
* Charset for the native encoding or { @ link Charset # defaultCharset ( ) .
*/
static Charset nativeCharset() {
return nativeCharset;
}
}
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=94 H=90 G=91
¤ Die Informationen auf dieser Webseite wurden
nach bestem Wissen sorgfältig zusammengestellt. Es wird jedoch weder Vollständigkeit, noch Richtigkeit,
noch Qualität der bereit gestellten Informationen zugesichert.0.31Bemerkung:
¤
*Bot Zugriff