(* Author: Tobias Nipkow *)
section ‹2-3-4 Tree Implementation of Maps
›
theory Tree234_Map
imports
Tree234_Set
Map_Specs
begin
subsection ‹Map operations on 2-3-4 trees
›
fun lookup ::
"('a::linorder * 'b) tree234 \ 'a \ 'b option" where
"lookup Leaf x = None" |
"lookup (Node2 l (a,b) r) x = (case cmp x a of
LT
==> lookup l x |
GT
==> lookup r x |
EQ
==> Some b)
" |
"lookup (Node3 l (a1,b1) m (a2,b2) r) x = (case cmp x a1 of
LT
==> lookup l x |
EQ
==> Some b1 |
GT
==> (
case cmp x a2 of
LT
==> lookup m x |
EQ
==> Some b2 |
GT
==> lookup r x))
" |
"lookup (Node4 t1 (a1,b1) t2 (a2,b2) t3 (a3,b3) t4) x = (case cmp x a2 of
LT
==> (
case cmp x a1 of
LT
==> lookup t1 x | EQ
==> Some b1 | GT
==> lookup t2 x) |
EQ
==> Some b2 |
GT
==> (
case cmp x a3 of
LT
==> lookup t3 x | EQ
==> Some b3 | GT
==> lookup t4 x))
"
fun upd ::
"'a::linorder \ 'b \ ('a*'b) tree234 \ ('a*'b) up\<^sub>i" where
"upd x y Leaf = Up\<^sub>i Leaf (x,y) Leaf" |
"upd x y (Node2 l ab r) = (case cmp x (fst ab) of
LT
==> (
case upd x y l of
T
🚫i l
' => T\<^sub>i (Node2 l' ab r)
| Up
🚫i l1 ab
' l2 => T\<^sub>i (Node3 l1 ab' l2 ab r)) |
EQ
==> T
🚫i (Node2 l (x,y) r) |
GT
==> (
case upd x y r of
T
🚫i r
' => T\<^sub>i (Node2 l ab r')
| Up
🚫i r1 ab
' r2 => T\<^sub>i (Node3 l ab r1 ab' r2)))
" |
"upd x y (Node3 l ab1 m ab2 r) = (case cmp x (fst ab1) of
LT
==> (
case upd x y l of
T
🚫i l
' => T\<^sub>i (Node3 l' ab1 m ab2 r)
| Up
🚫i l1 ab
' l2 => Up\<^sub>i (Node2 l1 ab' l2) ab1 (Node2 m ab2 r)) |
EQ
==> T
🚫i (Node3 l (x,y) m ab2 r) |
GT
==> (
case cmp x (fst ab2) of
LT
==> (
case upd x y m of
T
🚫i m
' => T\<^sub>i (Node3 l ab1 m' ab2 r)
| Up
🚫i m1 ab
' m2 => Up\<^sub>i (Node2 l ab1 m1) ab' (Node2 m2 ab2 r)) |
EQ
==> T
🚫i (Node3 l ab1 m (x,y) r) |
GT
==> (
case upd x y r of
T
🚫i r
' => T\<^sub>i (Node3 l ab1 m ab2 r')
| Up
🚫i r1 ab
' r2 => Up\<^sub>i (Node2 l ab1 m) ab2 (Node2 r1 ab' r2))))
" |
"upd x y (Node4 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4) = (case cmp x (fst ab2) of
LT
==> (
case cmp x (fst ab1) of
LT
==> (
case upd x y t1 of
T
🚫i t1
' => T\<^sub>i (Node4 t1' ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4)
| Up
🚫i t11 q t12 => Up
🚫i (Node2 t11 q t12) ab1 (Node3 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4)) |
EQ
==> T
🚫i (Node4 t1 (x,y) t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4) |
GT
==> (
case upd x y t2 of
T
🚫i t2
' => T\<^sub>i (Node4 t1 ab1 t2' ab2 t3 ab3 t4)
| Up
🚫i t21 q t22 => Up
🚫i (Node2 t1 ab1 t21) q (Node3 t22 ab2 t3 ab3 t4))) |
EQ
==> T
🚫i (Node4 t1 ab1 t2 (x,y) t3 ab3 t4) |
GT
==> (
case cmp x (fst ab3) of
LT
==> (
case upd x y t3 of
T
🚫i t3
' \ T\<^sub>i (Node4 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3' ab3 t4)
| Up
🚫i t31 q t32 => Up
🚫i (Node2 t1 ab1 t2) ab2
🍋‹q
› (Node3 t31 q t32 ab3 t4)) |
EQ
==> T
🚫i (Node4 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3 (x,y) t4) |
GT
==> (
case upd x y t4 of
T
🚫i t4
' => T\<^sub>i (Node4 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4')
| Up
🚫i t41 q t42 => Up
🚫i (Node2 t1 ab1 t2) ab2 (Node3 t3 ab3 t41 q t42))))
"
definition update ::
"'a::linorder \ 'b \ ('a*'b) tree234 \ ('a*'b) tree234" where
"update x y t = tree\<^sub>i(upd x y t)"
fun del ::
"'a::linorder \ ('a*'b) tree234 \ ('a*'b) up\<^sub>d" where
"del x Leaf = T\<^sub>d Leaf" |
"del x (Node2 Leaf ab1 Leaf) = (if x=fst ab1 then Up\<^sub>d Leaf else T\<^sub>d(Node2 Leaf ab1 Leaf))" |
"del x (Node3 Leaf ab1 Leaf ab2 Leaf) = T\<^sub>d(if x=fst ab1 then Node2 Leaf ab2 Leaf
else
if x=fst ab2
then Node2 Leaf ab1 Leaf else Node3 Leaf ab1 Leaf ab2 Leaf)
" |
"del x (Node4 Leaf ab1 Leaf ab2 Leaf ab3 Leaf) =
T
🚫d(
if x = fst ab1
then Node3 Leaf ab2 Leaf ab3 Leaf else
if x = fst ab2
then Node3 Leaf ab1 Leaf ab3 Leaf else
if x = fst ab3
then Node3 Leaf ab1 Leaf ab2 Leaf
else Node4 Leaf ab1 Leaf ab2 Leaf ab3 Leaf)
" |
"del x (Node2 l ab1 r) = (case cmp x (fst ab1) of
LT
==> node21 (del x l) ab1 r |
GT
==> node22 l ab1 (del x r) |
EQ
==> let (ab1
',t) = split_min r in node22 l ab1' t)
" |
"del x (Node3 l ab1 m ab2 r) = (case cmp x (fst ab1) of
LT
==> node31 (del x l) ab1 m ab2 r |
EQ
==> let (ab1
',m') = split_min m
in node32 l ab1
' m' ab2 r |
GT
==> (
case cmp x (fst ab2) of
LT
==> node32 l ab1 (del x m) ab2 r |
EQ
==> let (ab2
',r') = split_min r
in node33 l ab1 m ab2
' r' |
GT
==> node33 l ab1 m ab2 (del x r)))
" |
"del x (Node4 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4) = (case cmp x (fst ab2) of
LT
==> (
case cmp x (fst ab1) of
LT
==> node41 (del x t1) ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 t4 |
EQ
==> let (ab
',t2') = split_min t2
in node42 t1 ab
' t2' ab2 t3 ab3 t4 |
GT
==> node42 t1 ab1 (del x t2) ab2 t3 ab3 t4) |
EQ
==> let (ab
',t3') = split_min t3
in node43 t1 ab1 t2 ab
' t3' ab3 t4 |
GT
==> (
case cmp x (fst ab3) of
LT
==> node43 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 (del x t3) ab3 t4 |
EQ
==> let (ab
',t4') = split_min t4
in node44 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab
' t4' |
GT
==> node44 t1 ab1 t2 ab2 t3 ab3 (del x t4)))
"
definition delete ::
"'a::linorder \ ('a*'b) tree234 \ ('a*'b) tree234" where
"delete x t = tree\<^sub>d(del x t)"
subsection "Functional correctness"
lemma lookup_map_of:
"sorted1(inorder t) \ lookup t x = map_of (inorder t) x"
by (
induction t) (auto simp: map_of_simps split: option.split)
lemma inorder_upd:
"sorted1(inorder t) \ inorder(tree\<^sub>i(upd a b t)) = upd_list a b (inorder t)"
by(
induction t)
(auto simp: upd_list_simps, auto simp: upd_list_simps split: up
🚫i.splits)
lemma inorder_update:
"sorted1(inorder t) \ inorder(update a b t) = upd_list a b (inorder t)"
by(simp add: update_def inorder_upd)
lemma inorder_del:
"\ bal t ; sorted1(inorder t) \ \
inorder(tree
🚫d (del x t)) = del_list x (inorder t)
"
by(
induction t rule: del.induct)
(auto simp: del_list_simps inorder_nodes split_minD split!: if_splits prod.splits)
(* 30 secs (2016) *)
lemma inorder_delete:
"\ bal t ; sorted1(inorder t) \ \
inorder(delete x t) = del_list x (inorder t)
"
by(simp add: delete_def inorder_del)
subsection ‹Balancedness
›
lemma bal_upd:
"bal t \ bal (tree\<^sub>i(upd x y t)) \ height(upd x y t) = height t"
by (induct t) (auto, auto split!: if_split up
🚫i.split)
(* 20 secs (2015) *)
lemma bal_update:
"bal t \ bal (update x y t)"
by (simp add: update_def bal_upd)
lemma height_del:
"bal t \ height(del x t) = height t"
by(
induction x t rule: del.induct)
(auto simp add: heights height_split_min split!: if_split prod.split)
lemma bal_tree
🚫d_del:
"bal t \ bal(tree\<^sub>d(del x t))"
by(
induction x t rule: del.induct)
(auto simp: bals bal_split_min height_del height_split_min split!: if_split prod.split)
corollary bal_delete:
"bal t \ bal(delete x t)"
by(simp add: delete_def bal_tree
🚫d_del)
subsection ‹Overall Correctness
›
interpretation M: Map_by_Ordered
where empty = empty
and lookup = lookup
and update = update
and delete = delete
and inorder = inorder
and inv = bal
proof (standard, goal_cases)
case 2
thus ?
case by(simp add: lookup_map_of)
next
case 3
thus ?
case by(simp add: inorder_update)
next
case 4
thus ?
case by(simp add: inorder_delete)
next
case 6
thus ?
case by(simp add: bal_update)
next
case 7
thus ?
case by(simp add: bal_delete)
qed (simp add: empty_def)+
end