// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* intel_pt_insn_decoder.c: Intel Processor Trace support
* Copyright (c) 2013-2014, Intel Corporation.
*/
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <endian.h>
#include <byteswap.h>
#include "../../../arch/x86/include/asm/insn.h"
#include "event.h"
#include "intel-pt-insn-decoder.h"
#include "dump-insn.h"
#include "util/sample.h"
#if INTEL_PT_INSN_BUF_SZ < MAX_INSN_SIZE || INTEL_PT_INSN_BUF_SZ > MAX_INSN
#error Instruction buffer size too small
#endif
/* Based on branch_type() from arch/x86/events/intel/lbr.c */
static void intel_pt_insn_decoder(struct insn *insn,
struct intel_pt_insn *intel_pt_insn)
{
enum intel_pt_insn_op op = INTEL_PT_OP_OTHER;
enum intel_pt_insn_branch branch = INTEL_PT_BR_NO_BRANCH;
int ext;
intel_pt_insn->rel = 0 ;
intel_pt_insn->emulated_ptwrite = false ;
if (insn_is_avx(insn)) {
intel_pt_insn->op = INTEL_PT_OP_OTHER;
intel_pt_insn->branch = INTEL_PT_BR_NO_BRANCH;
intel_pt_insn->length = insn->length;
return ;
}
switch (insn->opcode.bytes[0 ]) {
case 0 xf:
switch (insn->opcode.bytes[1 ]) {
case 0 x01:
switch (insn->modrm.bytes[0 ]) {
case 0 xc2: /* vmlaunch */
case 0 xc3: /* vmresume */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_VMENTRY;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xca:
switch (insn->prefixes.bytes[3 ]) {
case 0 xf2: /* erets */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_ERETS;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xf3: /* eretu */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_ERETU;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
default :
break ;
}
break ;
default :
break ;
}
break ;
case 0 x05: /* syscall */
case 0 x34: /* sysenter */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_SYSCALL;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 x07: /* sysret */
case 0 x35: /* sysexit */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_SYSRET;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 x80 ... 0 x8f: /* jcc */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_JCC;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_CONDITIONAL;
break ;
default :
break ;
}
break ;
case 0 x70 ... 0 x7f: /* jcc */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_JCC;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_CONDITIONAL;
break ;
case 0 xa1:
if (insn_is_rex2(insn)) { /* jmpabs */
intel_pt_insn->op = INTEL_PT_OP_JMP;
/* jmpabs causes a TIP packet like an indirect branch */
intel_pt_insn->branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
intel_pt_insn->length = insn->length;
return ;
}
break ;
case 0 xc2: /* near ret */
case 0 xc3: /* near ret */
case 0 xca: /* far ret */
case 0 xcb: /* far ret */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_RET;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xcf: /* iret */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_IRET;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xcc ... 0 xce: /* int */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_INT;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xe8: /* call near rel */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_CALL;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_UNCONDITIONAL;
break ;
case 0 x9a: /* call far absolute */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_CALL;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xe0 ... 0 xe2: /* loop */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_LOOP;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_CONDITIONAL;
break ;
case 0 xe3: /* jcc */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_JCC;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_CONDITIONAL;
break ;
case 0 xe9: /* jmp */
case 0 xeb: /* jmp */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_JMP;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_UNCONDITIONAL;
break ;
case 0 xea: /* far jmp */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_JMP;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 0 xff: /* call near absolute, call far absolute ind */
ext = (insn->modrm.bytes[0 ] >> 3 ) & 0 x7;
switch (ext) {
case 2 : /* near ind call */
case 3 : /* far ind call */
op = INTEL_PT_OP_CALL;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
case 4 :
case 5 :
op = INTEL_PT_OP_JMP;
branch = INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
break ;
default :
break ;
}
break ;
default :
break ;
}
intel_pt_insn->op = op;
intel_pt_insn->branch = branch;
intel_pt_insn->length = insn->length;
if (branch == INTEL_PT_BR_CONDITIONAL ||
branch == INTEL_PT_BR_UNCONDITIONAL) {
#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
switch (insn->immediate.nbytes) {
case 1 :
intel_pt_insn->rel = insn->immediate.value;
break ;
case 2 :
intel_pt_insn->rel =
bswap_16((short )insn->immediate.value);
break ;
case 4 :
intel_pt_insn->rel = bswap_32(insn->immediate.value);
break ;
default :
intel_pt_insn->rel = 0 ;
break ;
}
#else
intel_pt_insn->rel = insn->immediate.value;
#endif
}
}
int intel_pt_get_insn(const unsigned char *buf, size_t len, int x86_64,
struct intel_pt_insn *intel_pt_insn)
{
struct insn insn;
int ret;
ret = insn_decode(&insn, buf, len,
x86_64 ? INSN_MODE_64 : INSN_MODE_32);
if (ret < 0 || insn.length > len)
return -1 ;
intel_pt_insn_decoder(&insn, intel_pt_insn);
if (insn.length < INTEL_PT_INSN_BUF_SZ)
memcpy(intel_pt_insn->buf, buf, insn.length);
else
memcpy(intel_pt_insn->buf, buf, INTEL_PT_INSN_BUF_SZ);
return 0 ;
}
int arch_is_uncond_branch(const unsigned char *buf, size_t len, int x86_64)
{
struct intel_pt_insn in;
if (intel_pt_get_insn(buf, len, x86_64, &in) < 0 )
return -1 ;
return in.branch == INTEL_PT_BR_UNCONDITIONAL ||
in.branch == INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT;
}
const char *dump_insn(struct perf_insn *x, uint64_t ip __maybe_unused,
u8 *inbuf, int inlen, int *lenp)
{
struct insn insn;
int n, i, ret;
int left;
ret = insn_decode(&insn, inbuf, inlen,
x->is64bit ? INSN_MODE_64 : INSN_MODE_32);
if (ret < 0 || insn.length > inlen)
return "<bad>" ;
if (lenp)
*lenp = insn.length;
left = sizeof (x->out);
n = snprintf(x->out, left, "insn: " );
left -= n;
for (i = 0 ; i < insn.length; i++) {
n += snprintf(x->out + n, left, "%02x " , inbuf[i]);
left -= n;
}
return x->out;
}
const char *branch_name[] = {
[INTEL_PT_OP_OTHER] = "Other" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_CALL] = "Call" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_RET] = "Ret" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_JCC] = "Jcc" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_JMP] = "Jmp" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_LOOP] = "Loop" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_IRET] = "IRet" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_INT] = "Int" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_SYSCALL] = "Syscall" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_SYSRET] = "Sysret" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_VMENTRY] = "VMentry" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_ERETS] = "Erets" ,
[INTEL_PT_OP_ERETU] = "Eretu" ,
};
const char *intel_pt_insn_name(enum intel_pt_insn_op op)
{
return branch_name[op];
}
int intel_pt_insn_desc(const struct intel_pt_insn *intel_pt_insn, char *buf,
size_t buf_len)
{
switch (intel_pt_insn->branch) {
case INTEL_PT_BR_CONDITIONAL:
case INTEL_PT_BR_UNCONDITIONAL:
return snprintf(buf, buf_len, "%s %s%d" ,
intel_pt_insn_name(intel_pt_insn->op),
intel_pt_insn->rel > 0 ? "+" : "" ,
intel_pt_insn->rel);
case INTEL_PT_BR_NO_BRANCH:
case INTEL_PT_BR_INDIRECT:
return snprintf(buf, buf_len, "%s" ,
intel_pt_insn_name(intel_pt_insn->op));
default :
break ;
}
return 0 ;
}
int intel_pt_insn_type(enum intel_pt_insn_op op)
{
switch (op) {
case INTEL_PT_OP_OTHER:
return 0 ;
case INTEL_PT_OP_CALL:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_CALL;
case INTEL_PT_OP_RET:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_RETURN;
case INTEL_PT_OP_JCC:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_CONDITIONAL;
case INTEL_PT_OP_JMP:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH;
case INTEL_PT_OP_LOOP:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_CONDITIONAL;
case INTEL_PT_OP_IRET:
case INTEL_PT_OP_ERETS:
case INTEL_PT_OP_ERETU:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_RETURN |
PERF_IP_FLAG_INTERRUPT;
case INTEL_PT_OP_INT:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_CALL |
PERF_IP_FLAG_INTERRUPT;
case INTEL_PT_OP_SYSCALL:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_CALL |
PERF_IP_FLAG_SYSCALLRET;
case INTEL_PT_OP_SYSRET:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_RETURN |
PERF_IP_FLAG_SYSCALLRET;
case INTEL_PT_OP_VMENTRY:
return PERF_IP_FLAG_BRANCH | PERF_IP_FLAG_CALL |
PERF_IP_FLAG_VMENTRY;
default :
return 0 ;
}
}
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(vorverarbeitet am 2026-06-08)
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