/* * We use the following conventions: * * d = # data bits * p = # parity bits * c = # total code bits (d + p)
*/
/* * Calculate the bit offset in the hamming code buffer based on the bit's * offset in the data buffer. Since the hamming code reserves all * power-of-two bits for parity, the data bit number and the code bit * number are offset by all the parity bits beforehand. * * Recall that bit numbers in hamming code are 1-based. This function * takes the 0-based data bit from the caller. * * An example. Take bit 1 of the data buffer. 1 is a power of two (2^0), * so it's a parity bit. 2 is a power of two (2^1), so it's a parity bit. * 3 is not a power of two. So bit 1 of the data buffer ends up as bit 3 * in the code buffer. * * The caller can pass in *p if it wants to keep track of the most recent * number of parity bits added. This allows the function to start the * calculation at the last place.
*/ staticunsignedint calc_code_bit(unsignedint i, unsignedint *p_cache)
{ unsignedint b, p = 0;
/* * Data bits are 0-based, but we're talking code bits, which * are 1-based.
*/
b = i + 1;
/* Use the cache if it is there */ if (p_cache)
p = *p_cache;
b += p;
/* * For every power of two below our bit number, bump our bit. * * We compare with (b + 1) because we have to compare with what b * would be _if_ it were bumped up by the parity bit. Capice? * * p is set above.
*/ for (; (1 << p) < (b + 1); p++)
b++;
if (p_cache)
*p_cache = p;
return b;
}
/* * This is the low level encoder function. It can be called across * multiple hunks just like the crc32 code. 'd' is the number of bits * _in_this_hunk_. nr is the bit offset of this hunk. So, if you had * two 512B buffers, you would do it like so: * * parity = ocfs2_hamming_encode(0, buf1, 512 * 8, 0); * parity = ocfs2_hamming_encode(parity, buf2, 512 * 8, 512 * 8); * * If you just have one buffer, use ocfs2_hamming_encode_block().
*/
u32 ocfs2_hamming_encode(u32 parity, void *data, unsignedint d, unsignedint nr)
{ unsignedint i, b, p = 0;
BUG_ON(!d);
/* * b is the hamming code bit number. Hamming code specifies a * 1-based array, but C uses 0-based. So 'i' is for C, and 'b' is * for the algorithm. * * The i++ in the for loop is so that the start offset passed * to ocfs2_find_next_bit_set() is one greater than the previously * found bit.
*/ for (i = 0; (i = ocfs2_find_next_bit(data, d, i)) < d; i++)
{ /* * i is the offset in this hunk, nr + i is the total bit * offset.
*/
b = calc_code_bit(nr + i, &p);
/* * Data bits in the resultant code are checked by * parity bits that are part of the bit number * representation. Huh? * * <wikipedia href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_code"> * In other words, the parity bit at position 2^k * checks bits in positions having bit k set in * their binary representation. Conversely, for * instance, bit 13, i.e. 1101(2), is checked by * bits 1000(2) = 8, 0100(2)=4 and 0001(2) = 1. * </wikipedia> * * Note that 'k' is the _code_ bit number. 'b' in * our loop.
*/
parity ^= b;
}
/* While the data buffer was treated as little endian, the
* return value is in host endian. */ return parity;
}
/* * Like ocfs2_hamming_encode(), this can handle hunks. nr is the bit * offset of the current hunk. If bit to be fixed is not part of the * current hunk, this does nothing. * * If you only have one hunk, use ocfs2_hamming_fix_block().
*/ void ocfs2_hamming_fix(void *data, unsignedint d, unsignedint nr, unsignedint fix)
{ unsignedint i, b;
BUG_ON(!d);
/* * If the bit to fix has an hweight of 1, it's a parity bit. One * busted parity bit is its own error. Nothing to do here.
*/ if (hweight32(fix) == 1) return;
/* * nr + d is the bit right past the data hunk we're looking at. * If fix after that, nothing to do
*/ if (fix >= calc_code_bit(nr + d, NULL)) return;
/* * nr is the offset in the data hunk we're starting at. Let's * start b at the offset in the code buffer. See hamming_encode() * for a more detailed description of 'b'.
*/
b = calc_code_bit(nr, NULL); /* If the fix is before this hunk, nothing to do */ if (fix < b) return;
for (i = 0; i < d; i++, b++)
{ /* Skip past parity bits */ while (hweight32(b) == 1)
b++;
/* * i is the offset in this data hunk. * nr + i is the offset in the total data buffer. * b is the offset in the total code buffer. * * Thus, when b == fix, bit i in the current hunk needs * fixing.
*/ if (b == fix)
{ if (ocfs2_test_bit(i, data))
ocfs2_clear_bit(i, data); else
ocfs2_set_bit(i, data); break;
}
}
}
if (!new_count)
mlog(ML_NOTICE, "ECC recovery count has wrapped\n");
}
/* * These are the low-level APIs for using the ocfs2_block_check structure.
*/
/* * This function generates check information for a block. * data is the block to be checked. bc is a pointer to the * ocfs2_block_check structure describing the crc32 and the ecc. * * bc should be a pointer inside data, as the function will * take care of zeroing it before calculating the check information. If * bc does not point inside data, the caller must make sure any inline * ocfs2_block_check structures are zeroed. * * The data buffer must be in on-disk endian (little endian for ocfs2). * bc will be filled with little-endian values and will be ready to go to * disk.
*/ void ocfs2_block_check_compute(void *data, size_t blocksize, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
{
u32 crc;
u32 ecc;
/* * This function validates existing check information. Like _compute, * the function will take care of zeroing bc before calculating check codes. * If bc is not a pointer inside data, the caller must have zeroed any * inline ocfs2_block_check structures. * * Again, the data passed in should be the on-disk endian.
*/ int ocfs2_block_check_validate(void *data, size_t blocksize, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc, struct ocfs2_blockcheck_stats *stats)
{ int rc = 0;
u32 bc_crc32e;
u16 bc_ecc;
u32 crc, ecc;
/* * This function generates check information for a list of buffer_heads. * bhs is the blocks to be checked. bc is a pointer to the * ocfs2_block_check structure describing the crc32 and the ecc. * * bc should be a pointer inside data, as the function will * take care of zeroing it before calculating the check information. If * bc does not point inside data, the caller must make sure any inline * ocfs2_block_check structures are zeroed. * * The data buffer must be in on-disk endian (little endian for ocfs2). * bc will be filled with little-endian values and will be ready to go to * disk.
*/ void ocfs2_block_check_compute_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
{ int i;
u32 crc, ecc;
BUG_ON(nr < 0);
if (!nr) return;
memset(bc, 0, sizeof(struct ocfs2_block_check));
for (i = 0, crc = ~0, ecc = 0; i < nr; i++) {
crc = crc32_le(crc, bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size); /* * The number of bits in a buffer is obviously b_size*8. * The offset of this buffer is b_size*i, so the bit offset * of this buffer is b_size*8*i.
*/
ecc = (u16)ocfs2_hamming_encode(ecc, bhs[i]->b_data,
bhs[i]->b_size * 8,
bhs[i]->b_size * 8 * i);
}
/* * No ecc'd ocfs2 structure is larger than 4K, so ecc will be no * larger than 16 bits.
*/
BUG_ON(ecc > USHRT_MAX);
/* * This function validates existing check information on a list of * buffer_heads. Like _compute_bhs, the function will take care of * zeroing bc before calculating check codes. If bc is not a pointer * inside data, the caller must have zeroed any inline * ocfs2_block_check structures. * * Again, the data passed in should be the on-disk endian.
*/ int ocfs2_block_check_validate_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc, struct ocfs2_blockcheck_stats *stats)
{ int i, rc = 0;
u32 bc_crc32e;
u16 bc_ecc;
u32 crc, ecc, fix;
/* Fast path - if the crc32 validates, we're good to go */ for (i = 0, crc = ~0; i < nr; i++)
crc = crc32_le(crc, bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size); if (crc == bc_crc32e) goto out;
/* Ok, try ECC fixups */ for (i = 0, ecc = 0; i < nr; i++) { /* * The number of bits in a buffer is obviously b_size*8. * The offset of this buffer is b_size*i, so the bit offset * of this buffer is b_size*8*i.
*/
ecc = (u16)ocfs2_hamming_encode(ecc, bhs[i]->b_data,
bhs[i]->b_size * 8,
bhs[i]->b_size * 8 * i);
}
fix = ecc ^ bc_ecc; for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) { /* * Try the fix against each buffer. It will only affect * one of them.
*/
ocfs2_hamming_fix(bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size * 8,
bhs[i]->b_size * 8 * i, fix);
}
/* And check the crc32 again */ for (i = 0, crc = ~0; i < nr; i++)
crc = crc32_le(crc, bhs[i]->b_data, bhs[i]->b_size); if (crc == bc_crc32e) {
ocfs2_blockcheck_inc_recover(stats); goto out;
}
/* * These are the main API. They check the superblock flag before * calling the underlying operations. * * They expect the buffer(s) to be in disk format.
*/ void ocfs2_compute_meta_ecc(struct super_block *sb, void *data, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
{ if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(OCFS2_SB(sb)))
ocfs2_block_check_compute(data, sb->s_blocksize, bc);
}
int ocfs2_validate_meta_ecc(struct super_block *sb, void *data, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
{ int rc = 0; struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(sb);
if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(osb))
rc = ocfs2_block_check_validate(data, sb->s_blocksize, bc,
&osb->osb_ecc_stats);
return rc;
}
void ocfs2_compute_meta_ecc_bhs(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
{ if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(OCFS2_SB(sb)))
ocfs2_block_check_compute_bhs(bhs, nr, bc);
}
int ocfs2_validate_meta_ecc_bhs(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr, struct ocfs2_block_check *bc)
{ int rc = 0; struct ocfs2_super *osb = OCFS2_SB(sb);
if (ocfs2_meta_ecc(osb))
rc = ocfs2_block_check_validate_bhs(bhs, nr, bc,
&osb->osb_ecc_stats);
return rc;
}
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