typedef (overloaded) 'a matrix = "matrix :: (nat ==> nat ==> 'a::zero) set" unfolding matrix_def proof show"(λj i. 0) ∈ {(f::(nat ==> nat ==> 'a::zero)). finite (nonzero_positions f)}" by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def) qed
declare Rep_matrix_inverse[simp]
lemma matrix_eqI: fixes A B :: "'a::zero matrix" assumes"∧m n. Rep_matrix A m n = Rep_matrix B m n" shows"A=B" using Rep_matrix_inject assms by blast
lemma finite_nonzero_positions : "finite (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))" by (induct A) (simp add: Abs_matrix_inverse matrix_def)
definition nrows :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> nat"where "nrows A == if nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) = {} then 0 else Suc(Max ((image fst) (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))))"
definition ncols :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> nat"where "ncols A == if nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) = {} then 0 else Suc(Max ((image snd) (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))))"
lemma nrows: assumes hyp: "nrows A ≤ m" shows"(Rep_matrix A m n) = 0" proof cases assume"nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) = {}" thenshow"(Rep_matrix A m n) = 0"by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def) next assume a: "nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) ≠ {}" let ?S = "fst`(nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A))" have c: "finite (?S)"by (simp add: finite_nonzero_positions) from hyp have d: "Max (?S) < m"by (simp add: a nrows_def) have"m ∉ ?S" proof - have"m ∈ ?S ==> m ≤ Max(?S)"by (simp add: Max_ge [OF c]) moreoverfrom d have"~(m ≤ Max ?S)"by (simp) ultimatelyshow"m ∉ ?S"by (auto) qed thus"Rep_matrix A m n = 0"by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def image_Collect) qed
definition transpose_infmatrix :: "'a infmatrix ==> 'a infmatrix"where "transpose_infmatrix A j i == A i j"
definition transpose_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> 'a matrix"where "transpose_matrix == Abs_matrix o transpose_infmatrix o Rep_matrix"
declare transpose_infmatrix_def[simp]
lemma transpose_infmatrix_twice[simp]: "transpose_infmatrix (transpose_infmatrix A) = A" by ((rule ext)+, simp)
lemma transpose_infmatrix: "transpose_infmatrix (λj i. P j i) = (λj i. P i j)" by force
lemma transpose_infmatrix_closed[simp]: "Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix (transpose_infmatrix (Rep_matrix x))) = transpose_infmatrix (Rep_matrix x)" proof - let ?A = "{pos. Rep_matrix x (snd pos) (fst pos) ≠ 0}" let ?B = "{pos. Rep_matrix x (fst pos) (snd pos) ≠ 0}" let ?swap = "λpos. (snd pos, fst pos)" have"finite ?A" proof - have swap_image: "?swap`?A = ?B" by (force simp add: image_def) thenhave"finite (?swap`?A)" by (metis (full_types) finite_nonzero_positions nonzero_positions_def) moreover have"inj_on ?swap ?A"by (simp add: inj_on_def) ultimatelyshow"finite ?A" using finite_imageD by blast qed thenshow ?thesis by (simp add: Abs_matrix_inverse matrix_def nonzero_positions_def) qed
lemma infmatrixforward: "(x::'a infmatrix) = y ==>∀ a b. x a b = y a b" by auto
lemma transpose_infmatrix_inject: "(transpose_infmatrix A = transpose_infmatrix B) = (A = B)" by (metis transpose_infmatrix_twice)
lemma transpose_matrix_inject: "(transpose_matrix A = transpose_matrix B) = (A = B)" unfolding transpose_matrix_def o_def by (metis Rep_matrix_inject transpose_infmatrix_closed transpose_infmatrix_inject)
lemma transpose_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix(transpose_matrix A) j i = Rep_matrix A i j" by (simp add: transpose_matrix_def)
lemma transpose_transpose_id[simp]: "transpose_matrix (transpose_matrix A) = A" by (simp add: transpose_matrix_def)
lemma nrows_transpose[simp]: "nrows (transpose_matrix A) = ncols A" by (simp add: nrows_def ncols_def nonzero_positions_def transpose_matrix_def image_def)
lemma ncols_transpose[simp]: "ncols (transpose_matrix A) = nrows A" by (metis nrows_transpose transpose_transpose_id)
lemma ncols: "ncols A ≤ n ==> Rep_matrix A m n = 0" by (metis nrows nrows_transpose transpose_matrix)
lemma ncols_le: "(ncols A ≤ n) ⟷ (∀j i. n ≤ i ⟶ (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0)" (is"_ = ?st") proof - have"Rep_matrix A j i = 0" if"ncols A ≤ n""n ≤ i"for j i by (meson that le_trans ncols) moreoverhave"ncols A ≤ n" if"∀j i. n ≤ i ⟶ Rep_matrix A j i = 0" unfolding ncols_def proof (clarsimp split: if_split_asm) assume🍋: "nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A) ≠ {}" let ?P = "nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A)" let ?p = "snd`?P" have a:"finite ?p"by (simp add: finite_nonzero_positions) let ?m = "Max ?p" show"Suc (Max (snd ` nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))) ≤ n" using🍋 that obtains_MAX [OF finite_nonzero_positions] by (metis (mono_tags, lifting) mem_Collect_eq nonzero_positions_def not_less_eq_eq) qed ultimatelyshow ?thesis by auto qed
lemma less_ncols: "(n < ncols A) = (∃j i. n ≤ i ∧ (Rep_matrix A j i) ≠ 0)" by (meson linorder_not_le ncols_le)
lemma le_ncols: "(n ≤ ncols A) = (∀ m. (∀ j i. m ≤ i ⟶ (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0) ⟶ n≤ m)" by (meson le_trans ncols ncols_le)
lemma nrows_le: "(nrows A ≤ n) = (∀j i. n ≤ j ⟶ (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0)" (is ?s) by (metis ncols_le ncols_transpose transpose_matrix)
lemma less_nrows: "(m < nrows A) = (∃j i. m ≤ j ∧ (Rep_matrix A j i) ≠ 0)" by (meson linorder_not_le nrows_le)
lemma le_nrows: "(n ≤ nrows A) = (∀ m. (∀ j i. m ≤ j ⟶ (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0) ⟶ n≤ m)" by (meson order.trans nrows nrows_le)
lemma nrows_notzero: "Rep_matrix A m n ≠ 0 ==> m < nrows A" by (meson leI nrows)
lemma ncols_notzero: "Rep_matrix A m n ≠ 0 ==> n < ncols A" by (meson leI ncols)
lemma finite_natarray1: "finite {x. x < (n::nat)}" by simp
lemma finite_natarray2: "finite {(x, y). x < (m::nat) ∧ y < (n::nat)}" by simp
lemma RepAbs_matrix: assumes"∃m. ∀j i. m ≤ j ⟶ x j i = 0" and"∃n. ∀j i. (n ≤ i ⟶ x j i = 0)" shows"(Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix x)) = x" proof - have"finite {pos. x (fst pos) (snd pos) ≠ 0}" proof - from assms obtain m n where a: "∀j i. m ≤ j ⟶ x j i = 0" and b: "∀j i. n ≤ i ⟶ x j i = 0"by (blast) let ?u = "{(i, j). x i j ≠ 0}" let ?v = "{(i, j). i < m ∧ j < n}" have c: "∧(m::nat) a. ~(m ≤ a) ==> a < m"by (arith) with a b have d: "?u ⊆ ?v"by blast moreoverhave"finite ?v"by (simp add: finite_natarray2) moreoverhave"{pos. x (fst pos) (snd pos) ≠ 0} = ?u"by auto ultimatelyshow"finite {pos. x (fst pos) (snd pos) ≠ 0}" by (metis (lifting) finite_subset) qed thenshow ?thesis by (simp add: Abs_matrix_inverse matrix_def nonzero_positions_def) qed
definition apply_infmatrix :: "('a ==> 'b) ==> 'a infmatrix ==> 'b infmatrix"where "apply_infmatrix f == λA. (λj i. f (A j i))"
definition combine_infmatrix :: "('a ==> 'b ==> 'c) ==> 'a infmatrix ==> 'b infmatrix ==> 'c infmatrix"where "combine_infmatrix f == λA B. (λj i. f (A j i) (B j i))"
definition combine_matrix :: "('a ==> 'b ==> 'c) ==> ('a::zero) matrix ==> ('b::zero) matrix ==> ('c::zero) matrix"where "combine_matrix f == λA B. Abs_matrix (combine_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A) (Rep_matrix B))"
lemma expand_apply_infmatrix[simp]: "apply_infmatrix f A j i = f (A j i)" by (simp add: apply_infmatrix_def)
lemma expand_combine_infmatrix[simp]: "combine_infmatrix f A B j i = f (A j i) (B j i)" by (simp add: combine_infmatrix_def)
definition commutative :: "('a ==> 'a ==> 'b) ==> bool"where "commutative f == ∀x y. f x y = f y x"
definition associative :: "('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> bool"where "associative f == ∀x y z. f (f x y) z = f x (f y z)"
text‹ To reason about associativity and commutativity of operations on matrices, let's take a step back and look at the general situtation: Assume that we have sets $A$ and $B$ with $B \subset A$ and an abstraction $u: A \rightarrow B$. This abstraction has to fulfill $u(b) = b$ for all $b \in B$, but is arbitrary otherwise. Each function $f: A \times A \rightarrow A$ now induces a function $f': B \times B \rightarrow B$ by $f' = u \circ f$. It is obvious that commutativity of $f$ implies commutativity of $f'$: $f' x y = u (f x y) = u (f y x) = f' y x.$ ›
lemma combine_infmatrix_commute: "commutative f ==> commutative (combine_infmatrix f)" by (simp add: commutative_def combine_infmatrix_def)
lemma combine_matrix_commute: "commutative f ==> commutative (combine_matrix f)" by (simp add: combine_matrix_def commutative_def combine_infmatrix_def)
text‹ On the contrary, given an associative function $f$ we cannot expect $f'$ to be associative. A counterexample is given by $A=\bbbZ$, $B=\{-1, 0, 1\}$, as $f$ we take addition on $\bbbZ$, which is clearly associative. The abstraction is given by $u(a) = 0$ for $a \notin B$. Then we have \[ f' (f' 1 1) -1 = u(f (u (f 1 1)) -1) = u(f (u 2) -1) = u (f 0 -1) = -1, \] but on the other hand we have \[ f' 1 (f' 1 -1) = u (f 1 (u (f 1 -1))) = u (f 1 0) = 1.\] A way out of this problem is to assume that $f(A\times A)\subset A$ holds, and this is what we are going to do: ›
lemma nonzero_positions_combine_infmatrix[simp]: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> nonzero_positions (combine_infmatrix f A B) ⊆ (nonzero_positions A) ∪ (nonzero_positions B)" by (smt (verit) UnCI expand_combine_infmatrix mem_Collect_eq nonzero_positions_def subsetI)
lemma finite_nonzero_positions_Rep[simp]: "finite (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))" by (simp add: finite_nonzero_positions)
lemma combine_infmatrix_closed [simp]: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix (combine_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A) (Rep_matrix B))) = combine_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A) (Rep_matrix B)" apply (rule Abs_matrix_inverse) apply (simp add: matrix_def) by (meson finite_Un finite_nonzero_positions_Rep finite_subset nonzero_positions_combine_infmatrix)
text‹We need the next two lemmas only later, but it is analog to the above one, so we prove them now:› lemma nonzero_positions_apply_infmatrix[simp]: "f 0 = 0 ==> nonzero_positions (apply_infmatrix f A) ⊆ nonzero_positions A" by (rule subsetI, simp add: nonzero_positions_def apply_infmatrix_def, auto)
lemma Rep_apply_matrix[simp]: "f 0 = 0 ==> Rep_matrix (apply_matrix f A) j i = f (Rep_matrix A j i)" by (simp add: apply_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_combine_matrix[simp]: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> Rep_matrix (combine_matrix f A B) j i = f (Rep_matrix A j i) (Rep_matrix B j i)" by(simp add: combine_matrix_def)
lemma combine_nrows_max: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> nrows (combine_matrix f A B) ≤ max (nrows A) (nrows B)" by (simp add: nrows_le)
lemma combine_ncols_max: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> ncols (combine_matrix f A B) ≤ max (ncols A) (ncols B)" by (simp add: ncols_le)
lemma combine_nrows: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> nrows A ≤ q ==> nrows B ≤ q ==> nrows(combine_matrix f A B) ≤ q" by (simp add: nrows_le)
lemma combine_ncols: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> ncols A ≤ q ==> ncols B ≤ q ==> ncols(combine_matrix f A B) ≤ q" by (simp add: ncols_le)
definition zero_r_neutral :: "('a ==> 'b::zero ==> 'a) ==> bool"where "zero_r_neutral f == ∀a. f a 0 = a"
definition zero_l_neutral :: "('a::zero ==> 'b ==> 'b) ==> bool"where "zero_l_neutral f == ∀a. f 0 a = a"
definition zero_closed :: "(('a::zero) ==> ('b::zero) ==> ('c::zero)) ==> bool"where "zero_closed f == (∀x. f x 0 = 0) ∧ (∀y. f 0 y = 0)"
primrec foldseq :: "('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> (nat ==> 'a) ==> nat ==> 'a" where "foldseq f s 0 = s 0"
| "foldseq f s (Suc n) = f (s 0) (foldseq f (λk. s(Suc k)) n)"
primrec foldseq_transposed :: "('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> (nat ==> 'a) ==> nat ==> 'a" where "foldseq_transposed f s 0 = s 0"
| "foldseq_transposed f s (Suc n) = f (foldseq_transposed f s n) (s (Suc n))"
lemma foldseq_assoc: assumes a:"associative f" shows"associative f ==> foldseq f = foldseq_transposed f" proof - have"N ≤ n ==> foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N"for N s n proof (induct n arbitrary: N s) case 0 thenshow ?case by auto next case (Suc n) show ?case proof cases assume"N ≤ n" thenshow ?thesis by (simp add: Suc.hyps) next assume"~(N ≤ n)" thenhave Nsuceq: "N = Suc n" using Suc.prems by linarith have neqz: "n ≠ 0 ==>∃m. n = Suc m ∧ Suc m ≤ n" by arith have assocf: "!! x y z. f x (f y z) = f (f x y) z" by (metis a associative_def) have"f (f (s 0) (foldseq_transposed f (λk. s (Suc k)) m)) (s (Suc (Suc m))) = f (f (foldseq_transposed f s m) (s (Suc m))) (s (Suc (Suc m)))" if"n = Suc m"for m proof - have🍋: "foldseq_transposed f (λk. s (Suc k)) m = foldseq f (λk. s (Suc k)) m" (is"?T1 = ?T2") by (simp add: Suc.hyps that) have"f (s 0) ?T2 = foldseq f s (Suc m)"by simp alsohave"… = foldseq_transposed f s (Suc m)" using Suc.hyps that by blast alsohave"… = f (foldseq_transposed f s m) (s (Suc m))" by simp finallyshow ?thesis by (simp add: 🍋) qed thenshow"foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N" unfolding Nsuceq using assocf Suc.hyps neqz by force qed qed thenshow ?thesis by blast qed
lemma foldseq_distr: assumes assoc: "associative f"and comm: "commutative f" shows"foldseq f (λk. f (u k) (v k)) n = f (foldseq f u n) (foldseq f v n)" proof - from assoc have a:"!! x y z. f (f x y) z = f x (f y z)"by (simp add: associative_def) from comm have b: "!! x y. f x y = f y x"by (simp add: commutative_def) from assoc comm have c: "!! x y z. f x (f y z) = f y (f x z)"by (simp add: commutative_def associative_def) have"(∀u v. foldseq f (λk. f (u k) (v k)) n = f (foldseq f u n) (foldseq f v n))"for n by (induct n) (simp_all add: assoc b c foldseq_assoc) thenshow"foldseq f (λk. f (u k) (v k)) n = f (foldseq f u n) (foldseq f v n)"by simp qed
theorem"[associative f; associative g; ∀a b c d. g (f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d); ∃x y. (f x) ≠ (f y); ∃x y. (g x) ≠ (g y); f x x = x; g x x = x]==> f=g | (∀y. f y x = y) | (∀y. g y x = y)" oops (* Model found Trying to find a model that refutes: [associative f; associative g; ∀a b c d. g (f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d); ∃x y. f x ≠ f y; ∃x y. g x ≠ g y; f x x = x; g x x = x] ==> f = g ∨ (∀y. f y x = y) ∨ (∀y. g y x = y) Searching for a model of size 1, translating term... invoking SAT solver... no model found. Searching for a model of size 2, translating term... invoking SAT solver... no model found. Searching for a model of size 3, translating term... invoking SAT solver... Model found: Size of types: 'a: 3 x: a1 g: (a0↦(a0↦a1, a1↦a0, a2↦a1), a1↦(a0↦a0, a1↦a1, a2↦a0), a2↦(a0↦a1, a1↦a0, a2↦a1)) f: (a0↦(a0↦a0, a1↦a0, a2↦a0), a1↦(a0↦a1, a1↦a1, a2↦a1), a2↦(a0↦a0, a1↦a0, a2↦a0)) *)
lemma foldseq_zero: assumes fz: "f 0 0 = 0"and sz: "∀i. i ≤ n ⟶ s i = 0" shows"foldseq f s n = 0" proof - have"∀s. (∀i. i ≤ n ⟶ s i = 0) ⟶ foldseq f s n = 0"for n by (induct n) (simp_all add: fz) thenshow ?thesis by (simp add: sz) qed
lemma foldseq_significant_positions: assumes p: "∀i. i ≤ N ⟶ S i = T i" shows"foldseq f S N = foldseq f T N" using assms proof (induction N arbitrary: S T) case 0 thenshow ?caseby simp next case (Suc N) thenshow ?case unfolding foldseq.simps by (metis not_less_eq_eq le0) qed
lemma foldseq_tail: assumes"M ≤ N" shows"foldseq f S N = foldseq f (λk. (if k < M then (S k) else (foldseq f (λk. S(k+M)) (N-M)))) M" using assms proof (induction N arbitrary: M S) case 0 thenshow ?caseby auto next case (Suc N) show ?case proof (cases "M = Suc N") case True thenshow ?thesis by (auto intro!: arg_cong [of concl: "f (S 0)"] foldseq_significant_positions) next case False thenhave"M≤N" using Suc.prems by force show ?thesis proof (cases "M = 0") case True thenshow ?thesis by auto next case False thenobtain M' where M': "M = Suc M'""M' ≤ N" by (metis Suc_leD ‹M ≤ N› nat.nchotomy) thenshow ?thesis apply (simp add: Suc.IH [OF ‹M'≤N›]) using add_Suc_right diff_Suc_Suc by presburger qed qed qed
lemma foldseq_zerotail: assumes fz: "f 0 0 = 0"and sz: "∀i. n ≤ i ⟶ s i = 0"and nm: "n ≤ m" shows"foldseq f s n = foldseq f s m" unfolding foldseq_tail[OF nm] by (metis (no_types, lifting) foldseq_zero fz le_add2 linorder_not_le sz)
lemma foldseq_zerotail2: assumes"∀x. f x 0 = x" and"∀i. n < i ⟶ s i = 0" and nm: "n ≤ m" shows"foldseq f s n = foldseq f s m" proof - have"s i = (if i < n then s i else foldseq f (λk. s (k + n)) (m - n))" if"i≤n"for i proof (cases "m=n") case True thenshow ?thesis using that by auto next case False thenobtain k where"m-n = Suc k" by (metis Suc_diff_Suc le_neq_implies_less nm) thenshow ?thesis apply simp by (simp add: assms(1,2) foldseq_zero nat_less_le that) qed thenshow ?thesis unfolding foldseq_tail[OF nm] by (auto intro: foldseq_significant_positions) qed
lemma foldseq_zerostart: assumes f00x: "∀x. f 0 (f 0 x) = f 0 x"and 0: "∀i. i ≤ n ⟶ s i = 0" shows"foldseq f s (Suc n) = f 0 (s (Suc n))" using 0 proof (induction n arbitrary: s) case 0 thenshow ?caseby auto next case (Suc n s) thenshow ?case apply (simp add: le_Suc_eq) by (smt (verit, ccfv_threshold) Suc.prems Suc_le_mono f00x foldseq_significant_positions le0) qed
lemma foldseq_zerostart2: assumes x: "∀x. f 0 x = x"and 0: "∀i. i < n ⟶ s i = 0" shows"foldseq f s n = s n" proof - show"foldseq f s n = s n" proof (cases n) case 0 thenshow ?thesis by auto next case (Suc n') thenshow ?thesis by (metis "0" foldseq_zerostart le_imp_less_Suc x) qed qed
lemma foldseq_almostzero: assumes f0x: "∀x. f 0 x = x"and fx0: "∀x. f x 0 = x"and s0: "∀i. i ≠ j ⟶ s i = 0" shows"foldseq f s n = (if (j ≤ n) then (s j) else 0)" by (smt (verit, ccfv_SIG) f0x foldseq_zerostart2 foldseq_zerotail2 fx0 le_refl nat_less_le s0)
lemma foldseq_distr_unary: assumes"∧a b. g (f a b) = f (g a) (g b)" shows"g(foldseq f s n) = foldseq f (λx. g(s x)) n" proof (induction n arbitrary: s) case 0 thenshow ?case by auto next case (Suc n) thenshow ?case using assms by fastforce qed
definition mult_matrix_n :: "nat ==> (('a::zero) ==> ('b::zero) ==> ('c::zero)) ==> ('c ==> 'c ==> 'c) ==> 'a matrix ==> 'b matrix ==> 'c matrix"where "mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B == Abs_matrix(λj i. foldseq fadd (λk. fmul (Rep_matrix A j k) (Rep_matrix B k i)) n)"
definition mult_matrix :: "(('a::zero) ==> ('b::zero) ==> ('c::zero)) ==> ('c ==> 'c ==> 'c) ==> 'a matrix ==> 'b matrix ==> 'c matrix"where "mult_matrix fmul fadd A B == mult_matrix_n (max (ncols A) (nrows B)) fmul fadd A B"
lemma mult_matrix_n: assumes"ncols A ≤ n""nrows B ≤ n""fadd 0 0 = 0""fmul 0 0 = 0" shows"mult_matrix fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B" proof - have"foldseq fadd (λk. fmul (Rep_matrix A j k) (Rep_matrix B k i)) (max (ncols A) (nrows B)) = foldseq fadd (λk. fmul (Rep_matrix A j k) (Rep_matrix B k i)) n"for i j using assms by (simp add: foldseq_zerotail nrows_le ncols_le) thenshow ?thesis by (simp add: mult_matrix_def mult_matrix_n_def) qed
lemma mult_matrix_nm: assumes"ncols A ≤ n""nrows B ≤ n""ncols A ≤ m""nrows B ≤ m""fadd 0 0 = 0""fmul 0 0 = 0" shows"mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix_n m fmul fadd A B" proof - from assms have"mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix fmul fadd A B" by (simp add: mult_matrix_n) alsofrom assms have"… = mult_matrix_n m fmul fadd A B" by (simp add: mult_matrix_n[THEN sym]) finallyshow"mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix_n m fmul fadd A B"by simp qed
definition r_distributive :: "('a ==> 'b ==> 'b) ==> ('b ==> 'b ==> 'b) ==> bool"where "r_distributive fmul fadd == ∀a u v. fmul a (fadd u v) = fadd (fmul a u) (fmul a v)"
definition l_distributive :: "('a ==> 'b ==> 'a) ==> ('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> bool"where "l_distributive fmul fadd == ∀a u v. fmul (fadd u v) a = fadd (fmul u a) (fmul v a)"
lemma mult_matrix_n_zero_right[simp]: "[fadd 0 0 = 0; ∀a. fmul a 0 = 0]==> mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A 0 = 0" by (simp add: RepAbs_matrix foldseq_zero matrix_eqI mult_matrix_n_def)
lemma mult_matrix_n_zero_left[simp]: "[fadd 0 0 = 0; ∀a. fmul 0 a = 0]==> mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd 0 A = 0" by (simp add: RepAbs_matrix foldseq_zero matrix_eqI mult_matrix_n_def)
lemma mult_matrix_zero_left[simp]: "[fadd 0 0 = 0; ∀a. fmul 0 a = 0]==> mult_matrix fmul fadd 0 A = 0" by (simp add: mult_matrix_def)
lemma mult_matrix_zero_right[simp]: "[fadd 0 0 = 0; ∀a. fmul a 0 = 0]==> mult_matrix fmul fadd A 0 = 0" by (simp add: mult_matrix_def)
lemma apply_matrix_zero[simp]: "f 0 = 0 ==> apply_matrix f 0 = 0" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma combine_matrix_zero: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> combine_matrix f 0 0 = 0" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma transpose_matrix_zero[simp]: "transpose_matrix 0 = 0" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma apply_zero_matrix_def[simp]: "apply_matrix (λx. 0) A = 0" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
definition singleton_matrix :: "nat ==> nat ==> ('a::zero) ==> 'a matrix"where "singleton_matrix j i a == Abs_matrix(λm n. if j = m ∧ i = n then a else 0)"
definition move_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> int ==> int ==> 'a matrix"where "move_matrix A y x == Abs_matrix(λj i. if (((int j)-y) < 0) | (((int i)-x) < 0) then 0 else Rep_matrix A (nat ((int j)-y)) (nat ((int i)-x)))"
definition take_rows :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> nat ==> 'a matrix"where "take_rows A r == Abs_matrix(λj i. if (j < r) then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)"
definition take_columns :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> nat ==> 'a matrix"where "take_columns A c == Abs_matrix(λj i. if (i < c) then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)"
definition column_of_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> nat ==> 'a matrix"where "column_of_matrix A n == take_columns (move_matrix A 0 (- int n)) 1"
definition row_of_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix ==> nat ==> 'a matrix"where "row_of_matrix A m == take_rows (move_matrix A (- int m) 0) 1"
lemma Rep_singleton_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (singleton_matrix j i e) m n = (if j = m ∧ i = n then e else 0)" unfolding singleton_matrix_def by (smt (verit, del_insts) RepAbs_matrix Suc_n_not_le_n)
lemma apply_singleton_matrix[simp]: "f 0 = 0 ==> apply_matrix f (singleton_matrix j i x) = (singleton_matrix j i (f x))" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma singleton_matrix_zero[simp]: "singleton_matrix j i 0 = 0" by (simp add: singleton_matrix_def zero_matrix_def)
lemma nrows_singleton[simp]: "nrows(singleton_matrix j i e) = (if e = 0 then 0 else Suc j)" proof - have"e ≠ 0 ==> Suc j ≤ nrows (singleton_matrix j i e)" by (metis Rep_singleton_matrix not_less_eq_eq nrows) thenshow ?thesis by (simp add: le_antisym nrows_le) qed
lemma ncols_singleton[simp]: "ncols(singleton_matrix j i e) = (if e = 0 then 0 else Suc i)" by (simp add: Suc_leI le_antisym ncols_le ncols_notzero)
lemma combine_singleton: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> combine_matrix f (singleton_matrix j i a) (singleton_matrix j i b) = singleton_matrix j i (f a b)" apply (simp add: singleton_matrix_def combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def) apply (intro ext arg_cong[of concl: "Abs_matrix"]) by (metis Rep_singleton_matrix singleton_matrix_def)
lemma transpose_singleton[simp]: "transpose_matrix (singleton_matrix j i a) = singleton_matrix i j a" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma Rep_move_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (move_matrix A y x) j i = (if (((int j)-y) < 0) | (((int i)-x) < 0) then 0 else Rep_matrix A (nat((int j)-y)) (nat((int i)-x)))" apply (simp add: move_matrix_def) by (subst RepAbs_matrix,
rule exI[of _ "(nrows A)+(nat ∣y∣)"], auto, rule nrows, arith,
rule exI[of _ "(ncols A)+(nat ∣x∣)"], auto, rule ncols, arith)+
lemma move_matrix_0_0[simp]: "move_matrix A 0 0 = A" by (simp add: move_matrix_def)
lemma move_matrix_ortho: "move_matrix A j i = move_matrix (move_matrix A j 0) 0 i" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma transpose_move_matrix[simp]: "transpose_matrix (move_matrix A x y) = move_matrix (transpose_matrix A) y x" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma move_matrix_singleton[simp]: "move_matrix (singleton_matrix u v x) j i = (if (j + int u < 0) | (i + int v < 0) then 0 else (singleton_matrix (nat (j + int u)) (nat (i + int v)) x))" by (auto intro!: matrix_eqI split: if_split_asm)
lemma Rep_take_columns[simp]: "Rep_matrix (take_columns A c) j i = (if i < c then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)" unfolding take_columns_def by (smt (verit, best) RepAbs_matrix leD nrows)
lemma Rep_take_rows[simp]: "Rep_matrix (take_rows A r) j i = (if j < r then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)" unfolding take_rows_def by (smt (verit, best) RepAbs_matrix leD ncols)
lemma Rep_column_of_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (column_of_matrix A c) j i = (if i = 0 then (Rep_matrix A j c) else 0)" by (simp add: column_of_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_row_of_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (row_of_matrix A r) j i = (if j = 0 then (Rep_matrix A r i) else 0)" by (simp add: row_of_matrix_def)
lemma column_of_matrix: "ncols A ≤ n ==> column_of_matrix A n = 0" by (simp add: matrix_eqI ncols)
lemma row_of_matrix: "nrows A ≤ n ==> row_of_matrix A n = 0" by (simp add: matrix_eqI nrows)
lemma mult_matrix_singleton_right[simp]: assumes"∀x. fmul x 0 = 0""∀x. fmul 0 x = 0""∀x. fadd 0 x = x""∀x. fadd x 0 = x" shows"(mult_matrix fmul fadd A (singleton_matrix j i e)) = apply_matrix (λx. fmul x e) (move_matrix (column_of_matrix A j) 0 (int i))" using assms unfolding mult_matrix_def apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "max (ncols A) (Suc j)"];
simp add: mult_matrix_n_def apply_matrix_def apply_infmatrix_def) apply (intro ext arg_cong[of concl: "Abs_matrix"]) by (simp add: max_def assms foldseq_almostzero[of _ j])
lemma mult_matrix_ext: assumes
eprem: "∃e. (∀a b. a ≠ b ⟶ fmul a e ≠ fmul b e)" and fprems: "∀a. fmul 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul a 0 = 0" "∀a. fadd a 0 = a" "∀a. fadd 0 a = a" and contraprems: "mult_matrix fmul fadd A = mult_matrix fmul fadd B" shows"A = B" proof(rule ccontr) assume"A ≠ B" thenobtain J I where ne: "(Rep_matrix A J I) ≠ (Rep_matrix B J I)" by (meson matrix_eqI) from eprem obtain e where eprops:"(∀a b. a ≠ b ⟶ fmul a e ≠ fmul b e)"by blast let ?S = "singleton_matrix I 0 e" let ?comp = "mult_matrix fmul fadd" have d: "!!x f g. f = g ==> f x = g x"by blast have e: "(λx. fmul x e) 0 = 0"by (simp add: assms) have"Rep_matrix (apply_matrix (λx. fmul x e) (column_of_matrix A I)) ≠ Rep_matrix (apply_matrix (λx. fmul x e) (column_of_matrix B I))" using fprems by (metis Rep_apply_matrix Rep_column_of_matrix eprops ne) thenhave"?comp A ?S ≠ ?comp B ?S" by (simp add: fprems eprops Rep_matrix_inject) with contraprems show"False"by simp qed
definition foldmatrix :: "('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> ('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> ('a infmatrix) ==> nat ==> nat ==> 'a"where "foldmatrix f g A m n == foldseq_transposed g (λj. foldseq f (A j) n) m"
definition foldmatrix_transposed :: "('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==> ('a ==> 'a ==> 'a) ==>('a infmatrix) ==> nat ==> nat ==> 'a"where "foldmatrix_transposed f g A m n == foldseq g (λj. foldseq_transposed f (A j) n) m"
lemma foldmatrix_transpose: assumes"∀a b c d. g(f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d)" shows"foldmatrix f g A m n = foldmatrix_transposed g f (transpose_infmatrix A) n m" proof - have forall:"∧P x. (∀x. P x) ==> P x"by auto have tworows:"∀A. foldmatrix f g A 1 n = foldmatrix_transposed g f (transpose_infmatrix A) n 1" proof (induct n) case 0 thenshow ?case by (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def) next case (Suc n) thenshow ?case apply (clarsimp simp: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def assms) apply (rule arg_cong [of concl: "f _"]) by meson qed have"foldseq_transposed g (λj. foldseq f (A j) n) m = foldseq f (λj. foldseq_transposed g (transpose_infmatrix A j) m) n" proof (induct m) case 0 thenshow ?caseby auto next case (Suc m) thenshow ?case using tworows apply (drule_tac x="λj i. (if j = 0 then (foldseq_transposed g (λu. A u i) m) else (A (Suc m) i))"in spec) by (simp add: Suc foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def) qed thenshow"foldmatrix f g A m n = foldmatrix_transposed g f (transpose_infmatrix A) n m" by (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def) qed
lemma foldseq_foldseq: assumes"associative f""associative g""∀a b c d. g(f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d)" shows "foldseq g (λj. foldseq f (A j) n) m = foldseq f (λj. foldseq g ((transpose_infmatrix A) j) m) n" using foldmatrix_transpose[of g f A m n] by (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def foldseq_assoc[THEN sym] assms)
lemma ncols_move_matrix_le: "ncols (move_matrix A j i) ≤ nat((int (ncols A)) + i)" by (metis nrows_move_matrix_le nrows_transpose transpose_move_matrix)
lemma mult_matrix_assoc: assumes "∀a. fmul1 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul1 a 0 = 0" "∀a. fmul2 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul2 a 0 = 0" "fadd1 0 0 = 0" "fadd2 0 0 = 0" "∀a b c d. fadd2 (fadd1 a b) (fadd1 c d) = fadd1 (fadd2 a c) (fadd2 b d)" "associative fadd1" "associative fadd2" "∀a b c. fmul2 (fmul1 a b) c = fmul1 a (fmul2 b c)" "∀a b c. fmul2 (fadd1 a b) c = fadd1 (fmul2 a c) (fmul2 b c)" "∀a b c. fmul1 c (fadd2 a b) = fadd2 (fmul1 c a) (fmul1 c b)" shows"mult_matrix fmul2 fadd2 (mult_matrix fmul1 fadd1 A B) C = mult_matrix fmul1 fadd1 A (mult_matrix fmul2 fadd2 B C)" proof - have comb_left: "!! A B x y. A = B ==> (Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix A)) x y = (Rep_matrix(Abs_matrix B)) x y"by blast have fmul2fadd1fold: "!! x s n. fmul2 (foldseq fadd1 s n) x = foldseq fadd1 (λk. fmul2 (s k) x) n" by (rule_tac g1 = "λy. fmul2 y x"in ssubst [OF foldseq_distr_unary], insert assms, simp_all) have fmul1fadd2fold: "!! x s n. fmul1 x (foldseq fadd2 s n) = foldseq fadd2 (λk. fmul1 x (s k)) n" using assms by (rule_tac g1 = "λy. fmul1 x y"in ssubst [OF foldseq_distr_unary], simp_all) let ?N = "max (ncols A) (max (ncols B) (max (nrows B) (nrows C)))" show ?thesis apply (intro matrix_eqI) apply (simp add: mult_matrix_def) apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ "max (ncols (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols A) (nrows B)) fmul1 fadd1 A B)) (nrows C)" _ "max (ncols B) (nrows C)"]) apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+ apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ "max (ncols A) (nrows (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols B) (nrows C)) fmul2 fadd2 B C))" _ "max (ncols A) (nrows B)"]) apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+ apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"]) apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+ apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"]) apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+ apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"]) apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+ apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"]) apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+ apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def) apply (rule comb_left) apply ((rule ext)+, simp) apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix) apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows B"]) apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero) apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols C"]) apply (simp add: assms ncols foldseq_zero) apply (subst RepAbs_matrix) apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows A"]) apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero) apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols B"]) apply (simp add: assms ncols foldseq_zero) apply (simp add: fmul2fadd1fold fmul1fadd2fold assms) apply (subst foldseq_foldseq) apply (simp add: assms)+ apply (simp add: transpose_infmatrix) done qed
lemma mult_matrix_assoc_simple: assumes "∀a. fmul 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul a 0 = 0" "associative fadd" "commutative fadd" "associative fmul" "distributive fmul fadd" shows"mult_matrix fmul fadd (mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) C = mult_matrix fmul fadd A (mult_matrix fmul fadd B C)" by (smt (verit) assms associative_def commutative_def distributive_def l_distributive_def mult_matrix_assoc r_distributive_def)
lemma transpose_apply_matrix: "f 0 = 0 ==> transpose_matrix (apply_matrix f A) = apply_matrix f (transpose_matrix A)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma transpose_combine_matrix: "f 0 0 = 0 ==> transpose_matrix (combine_matrix f A B) = combine_matrix f (transpose_matrix A) (transpose_matrix B)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma Rep_mult_matrix: assumes"∀a. fmul 0 a = 0""∀a. fmul a 0 = 0""fadd 0 0 = 0" shows "Rep_matrix(mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) j i = foldseq fadd (λk. fmul (Rep_matrix A j k) (Rep_matrix B k i)) (max (ncols A) (nrows B))" using assms apply (simp add: mult_matrix_def mult_matrix_n_def) apply (subst RepAbs_matrix) apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows A"], simp add: nrows foldseq_zero) apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols B"], simp add: ncols foldseq_zero) apply simp done
lemma transpose_mult_matrix: assumes "∀a. fmul 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul a 0 = 0" "fadd 0 0 = 0" "∀x y. fmul y x = fmul x y" shows "transpose_matrix (mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) = mult_matrix fmul fadd (transpose_matrix B) (transpose_matrix A)" using assms by (simp add: matrix_eqI Rep_mult_matrix ac_simps)
lemma column_transpose_matrix: "column_of_matrix (transpose_matrix A) n = transpose_matrix (row_of_matrix A n)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma take_columns_transpose_matrix: "take_columns (transpose_matrix A) n = transpose_matrix (take_rows A n)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
instantiation matrix :: ("{zero, ord}") ord begin
definition
le_matrix_def: "A ≤ B ⟷ (∀j i. Rep_matrix A j i ≤ Rep_matrix B j i)"
definition
less_def: "A < (B::'a matrix) ⟷ A ≤ B ∧¬ B ≤ A"
instance ..
end
instance matrix :: ("{zero, order}") order proof fix x y z :: "'a matrix" assume"x ≤ y""y ≤ z" show"x ≤ z" by (meson ‹x ≤ y›‹y ≤ z› le_matrix_def order_trans) next fix x y :: "'a matrix" assume"x ≤ y""y ≤ x" show"x = y" by (meson ‹x ≤ y›‹y ≤ x› le_matrix_def matrix_eqI order_antisym) qed (auto simp: less_def le_matrix_def)
lemma le_apply_matrix: assumes "f 0 = 0" "∀x y. x ≤ y ⟶ f x ≤ f y" "(a::('a::{ord, zero}) matrix) ≤ b" shows"apply_matrix f a ≤ apply_matrix f b" using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_combine_matrix: assumes "f 0 0 = 0" "∀a b c d. a ≤ b ∧ c ≤ d ⟶ f a c ≤ f b d" "A ≤ B" "C ≤ D" shows"combine_matrix f A C ≤ combine_matrix f B D" using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_left_combine_matrix: assumes "f 0 0 = 0" "∀a b c. a ≤ b ⟶ f c a ≤ f c b" "A ≤ B" shows"combine_matrix f C A ≤ combine_matrix f C B" using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_right_combine_matrix: assumes "f 0 0 = 0" "∀a b c. a ≤ b ⟶ f a c ≤ f b c" "A ≤ B" shows"combine_matrix f A C ≤ combine_matrix f B C" using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_transpose_matrix: "(A ≤ B) = (transpose_matrix A ≤ transpose_matrix B)" by (simp add: le_matrix_def, auto)
lemma le_foldseq: assumes "∀a b c d . a ≤ b ∧ c ≤ d ⟶ f a c ≤ f b d" "∀i. i ≤ n ⟶ s i ≤ t i" shows"foldseq f s n ≤ foldseq f t n" proof - have"∀s t. (∀i. i<=n ⟶ s i ≤ t i) ⟶ foldseq f s n ≤ foldseq f t n" by (induct n) (simp_all add: assms) thenshow"foldseq f s n ≤ foldseq f t n"using assms by simp qed
lemma le_left_mult: assumes "∀a b c d. a ≤ b ∧ c ≤ d ⟶ fadd a c ≤ fadd b d" "∀c a b. 0 ≤ c ∧ a ≤ b ⟶ fmul c a ≤ fmul c b" "∀a. fmul 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul a 0 = 0" "fadd 0 0 = 0" "0 ≤ C" "A ≤ B" shows"mult_matrix fmul fadd C A ≤ mult_matrix fmul fadd C B" using assms apply (auto simp: le_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix) apply (simplesubst foldseq_zerotail[of _ _ _ "max (ncols C) (max (nrows A) (nrows B))"], simp_all add: nrows ncols max1 max2)+ apply (rule le_foldseq) apply (auto) done
lemma le_right_mult: assumes "∀a b c d. a ≤ b ∧ c ≤ d ⟶ fadd a c ≤ fadd b d" "∀c a b. 0 ≤ c ∧ a ≤ b ⟶ fmul a c ≤ fmul b c" "∀a. fmul 0 a = 0" "∀a. fmul a 0 = 0" "fadd 0 0 = 0" "0 ≤ C" "A ≤ B" shows"mult_matrix fmul fadd A C ≤ mult_matrix fmul fadd B C" using assms apply (auto simp: le_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix) apply (simplesubst foldseq_zerotail[of _ _ _ "max (nrows C) (max (ncols A) (ncols B))"], simp_all add: nrows ncols max1 max2)+ apply (rule le_foldseq) apply (auto) done
lemma spec2: "∀j i. P j i ==> P j i"by blast
lemma singleton_matrix_le[simp]: "(singleton_matrix j i a ≤ singleton_matrix j i b) = (a ≤ (b::_::order))" by (auto simp: le_matrix_def)
lemma singleton_le_zero[simp]: "(singleton_matrix j i x ≤ 0) = (x ≤ (0::'a::{order,zero}))" by (metis singleton_matrix_le singleton_matrix_zero)
lemma singleton_ge_zero[simp]: "(0 ≤ singleton_matrix j i x) = ((0::'a::{order,zero}) ≤ x)" by (metis singleton_matrix_le singleton_matrix_zero)
lemma move_matrix_le_zero[simp]: fixes A:: "'a::{order,zero} matrix" assumes"0 ≤ j""0 ≤ i" shows"(move_matrix A j i ≤ 0) = (A ≤ 0)" proof - have"Rep_matrix A j' i' ≤ 0" if"∀n m. ¬ int n < j ∧¬ int m < i ⟶ Rep_matrix A (nat (int n - j)) (nat (int m - i)) ≤0" for j' i' using that[rule_format, of "j' + nat j""i' + nat i"] by (simp add: assms) thenshow ?thesis by (auto simp: le_matrix_def) qed
lemma move_matrix_zero_le[simp]: fixes A:: "'a::{order,zero} matrix" assumes"0 ≤ j""0 ≤ i" shows"(0 ≤ move_matrix A j i) = (0 ≤ A)" proof - have"0 ≤ Rep_matrix A j' i'" if"∀n m. ¬ int n < j ∧¬ int m < i ⟶ 0 ≤ Rep_matrix A (nat (int n - j)) (nat (int m - i))" for j' i' using that[rule_format, of "j' + nat j""i' + nat i"] by (simp add: assms) thenshow ?thesis by (auto simp: le_matrix_def) qed
lemma move_matrix_le_move_matrix_iff[simp]: fixes A:: "'a::{order,zero} matrix" assumes"0 ≤ j""0 ≤ i" shows"(move_matrix A j i ≤ move_matrix B j i) = (A ≤ B)" proof - have"Rep_matrix A j' i' ≤ Rep_matrix B j' i'" if"∀n m. ¬ int n < j ∧¬ int m < i ⟶ Rep_matrix A (nat (int n - j)) (nat (int m - i)) ≤Rep_matrix B (nat (int n - j)) (nat (int m - i))" for j' i' using that[rule_format, of "j' + nat j""i' + nat i"] by (simp add: assms) thenshow ?thesis by (auto simp: le_matrix_def) qed
instantiation matrix :: ("{lattice, zero}") lattice begin
definition"inf = combine_matrix inf"
definition"sup = combine_matrix sup"
instance by standard (auto simp: le_infI le_matrix_def inf_matrix_def sup_matrix_def)
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{plus, zero}") plus begin
definition
plus_matrix_def: "A + B = combine_matrix (+) A B"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{uminus, zero}") uminus begin
definition
minus_matrix_def: "- A = apply_matrix uminus A"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{minus, zero}") minus begin
definition
diff_matrix_def: "A - B = combine_matrix (-) A B"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{plus, times, zero}") times begin
definition
times_matrix_def: "A * B = mult_matrix ((*)) (+) A B"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{lattice, uminus, zero}") abs begin
definition
abs_matrix_def: "∣A :: 'a matrix∣ = sup A (- A)"
instance ..
end
instance matrix :: (monoid_add) monoid_add proof fix A B C :: "'a matrix" show"A + B + C = A + (B + C)" by (simp add: add.assoc matrix_eqI plus_matrix_def) show"0 + A = A" by (simp add: matrix_eqI plus_matrix_def) show"A + 0 = A" by (simp add: matrix_eqI plus_matrix_def) qed
instance matrix :: (comm_monoid_add) comm_monoid_add proof fix A B :: "'a matrix" show"A + B = B + A" by (simp add: add.commute matrix_eqI plus_matrix_def) show"0 + A = A" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def matrix_eqI) qed
instance matrix :: (group_add) group_add proof fix A B :: "'a matrix" show"- A + A = 0" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def minus_matrix_def matrix_eqI) show"A + - B = A - B" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def diff_matrix_def minus_matrix_def matrix_eqI) qed
instance matrix :: (ab_group_add) ab_group_add proof fix A B :: "'a matrix" show"- A + A = 0" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def minus_matrix_def matrix_eqI) show"A - B = A + - B" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def diff_matrix_def minus_matrix_def matrix_eqI) qed
instance matrix :: (ordered_ab_group_add) ordered_ab_group_add proof fix A B C :: "'a matrix" assume"A ≤ B" thenshow"C + A ≤ C + B" by (simp add: le_matrix_def plus_matrix_def) qed
instance matrix :: (semiring_0) semiring_0 proof fix A B C :: "'a matrix" show"A * B * C = A * (B * C)" unfolding times_matrix_def by (smt (verit, best) add.assoc associative_def distrib_left distrib_right group_cancel.add2 mult.assoc mult_matrix_assoc mult_not_zero) show"(A + B) * C = A * C + B * C" unfolding times_matrix_def plus_matrix_def using l_distributive_matrix by (metis (full_types) add.assoc add.commute associative_def commutative_def distrib_right l_distributive_def mult_not_zero) show"A * (B + C) = A * B + A * C" unfolding times_matrix_def plus_matrix_def using r_distributive_matrix by (metis (no_types, lifting) add.assoc add.commute associative_def commutative_def distrib_left mult_zero_left mult_zero_right r_distributive_def) qed (auto simp: times_matrix_def)
instance matrix :: (ring) ring ..
instance matrix :: (ordered_ring) ordered_ring proof fix A B C :: "'a matrix" assume🍋: "A ≤ B""0 ≤ C" from🍋show"C * A ≤ C * B" by (simp add: times_matrix_def add_mono le_left_mult mult_left_mono) from🍋show"A * C ≤ B * C" by (simp add: times_matrix_def add_mono le_right_mult mult_right_mono) qed
instance matrix :: (lattice_ring) lattice_ring proof fix A B C :: "('a :: lattice_ring) matrix" show"∣A∣ = sup A (-A)" by (simp add: abs_matrix_def) qed
instance matrix :: (lattice_ab_group_add_abs) lattice_ab_group_add_abs proof show"∧a:: 'a matrix. ∣a∣ = sup a (- a)" by (simp add: abs_matrix_def) qed
lemma Rep_matrix_add[simp]: "Rep_matrix ((a::('a::monoid_add)matrix)+b) j i = (Rep_matrix a j i) + (Rep_matrix b j i)" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_matrix_mult: "Rep_matrix ((a::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * b) j i = foldseq (+) (λk. (Rep_matrix a j k) * (Rep_matrix b k i)) (max (ncols a) (nrows b))" by (simp add: times_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix)
lemma apply_matrix_add: "∀x y. f (x+y) = (f x) + (f y) ==> f 0 = (0::'a) ==> apply_matrix f ((a::('a::monoid_add) matrix) + b) = (apply_matrix f a) + (apply_matrix f b)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma singleton_matrix_add: "singleton_matrix j i ((a::_::monoid_add)+b) = (singleton_matrix j i a) + (singleton_matrix j i b)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma nrows_mult: "nrows ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * B) ≤ nrows A" by (simp add: times_matrix_def mult_nrows)
lemma ncols_mult: "ncols ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * B) ≤ ncols B" by (simp add: times_matrix_def mult_ncols)
definition
one_matrix :: "nat ==> ('a::{zero,one}) matrix"where "one_matrix n = Abs_matrix (λj i. if j = i ∧ j < n then 1 else 0)"
lemma Rep_one_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (one_matrix n) j i = (if (j = i ∧ j < n) then 1 else 0)" unfolding one_matrix_def by (smt (verit, del_insts) RepAbs_matrix not_le)
lemma one_matrix_mult_right[simp]: fixes A :: "('a::semiring_1) matrix" shows"ncols A ≤ n ==> A * (one_matrix n) = A" apply (intro matrix_eqI) apply (simp add: times_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix) apply (subst foldseq_almostzero, auto simp: ncols) done
lemma one_matrix_mult_left[simp]: fixes A :: "('a::semiring_1) matrix" shows"nrows A ≤ n ==> (one_matrix n) * A = A" apply (intro matrix_eqI) apply (simp add: times_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix) apply (subst foldseq_almostzero, auto simp: nrows) done
lemma transpose_matrix_mult: fixes A :: "('a::comm_ring) matrix" shows"transpose_matrix (A*B) = (transpose_matrix B) * (transpose_matrix A)" by (simp add: times_matrix_def transpose_mult_matrix mult.commute)
lemma transpose_matrix_add: fixes A :: "('a::monoid_add) matrix" shows"transpose_matrix (A+B) = transpose_matrix A + transpose_matrix B" by (simp add: plus_matrix_def transpose_combine_matrix)
lemma transpose_matrix_diff: fixes A :: "('a::group_add) matrix" shows"transpose_matrix (A-B) = transpose_matrix A - transpose_matrix B" by (simp add: diff_matrix_def transpose_combine_matrix)
lemma transpose_matrix_minus: fixes A :: "('a::group_add) matrix" shows"transpose_matrix (-A) = - transpose_matrix (A::'a matrix)" by (simp add: minus_matrix_def transpose_apply_matrix)
definition right_inverse_matrix :: "('a::{ring_1}) matrix ==> 'a matrix ==> bool"where "right_inverse_matrix A X == (A * X = one_matrix (max (nrows A) (ncols X))) ∧ nrows X ≤ ncols A"
definition left_inverse_matrix :: "('a::{ring_1}) matrix ==> 'a matrix ==> bool"where "left_inverse_matrix A X == (X * A = one_matrix (max(nrows X) (ncols A))) ∧ ncols X ≤ nrows A"
definition inverse_matrix :: "('a::{ring_1}) matrix ==> 'a matrix ==> bool"where "inverse_matrix A X == (right_inverse_matrix A X) ∧ (left_inverse_matrix A X)"
lemma right_inverse_matrix_dim: "right_inverse_matrix A X ==> nrows A = ncols X" using ncols_mult[of A X] nrows_mult[of A X] by (simp add: right_inverse_matrix_def)
lemma left_inverse_matrix_dim: "left_inverse_matrix A Y ==> ncols A = nrows Y" using ncols_mult[of Y A] nrows_mult[of Y A] by (simp add: left_inverse_matrix_def)
lemma left_right_inverse_matrix_unique: assumes"left_inverse_matrix A Y""right_inverse_matrix A X" shows"X = Y" proof - have"Y = Y * one_matrix (nrows A)" by (metis assms(1) left_inverse_matrix_def one_matrix_mult_right) alsohave"… = Y * (A * X)" by (metis assms(2) max.idem right_inverse_matrix_def right_inverse_matrix_dim) alsohave"… = (Y * A) * X"by (simp add: mult.assoc) alsohave"… = X" using assms left_inverse_matrix_def right_inverse_matrix_def by (metis left_inverse_matrix_dim max.idem one_matrix_mult_left) ultimatelyshow"X = Y"by (simp) qed
lemma inverse_matrix_inject: "[ inverse_matrix A X; inverse_matrix A Y ]==> X = Y" by (auto simp: inverse_matrix_def left_right_inverse_matrix_unique)
lemma zero_imp_mult_zero: "(a::'a::semiring_0) = 0 | b = 0 ==> a * b = 0" by auto
lemma Rep_matrix_zero_imp_mult_zero: "∀j i k. (Rep_matrix A j k = 0) | (Rep_matrix B k i) = 0 ==> A * B = (0::('a::lattice_ring) matrix)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI Rep_matrix_mult foldseq_zero zero_imp_mult_zero)
lemma add_nrows: "nrows (A::('a::monoid_add) matrix) ≤ u ==> nrows B ≤ u ==> nrows (A + B) ≤ u" by (simp add: nrows_le)
lemma move_matrix_row_mult: fixes A :: "('a::semiring_0) matrix" shows"move_matrix (A * B) j 0 = (move_matrix A j 0) * B" proof - have"∧m. ¬ int m < j ==> ncols (move_matrix A j 0) ≤ max (ncols A) (nrows B)" by (smt (verit, best) max1 nat_int ncols_move_matrix_le) thenshow ?thesis apply (intro matrix_eqI) apply (auto simp: Rep_matrix_mult foldseq_zero) apply (rule_tac foldseq_zerotail[symmetric]) apply (auto simp: nrows zero_imp_mult_zero max2) done qed
lemma move_matrix_col_mult: fixes A :: "('a::semiring_0) matrix" shows"move_matrix (A * B) 0 i = A * (move_matrix B 0 i)" proof - have"∧n. ¬ int n < i ==> nrows (move_matrix B 0 i) ≤ max (ncols A) (nrows B)" by (smt (verit, del_insts) max2 nat_int nrows_move_matrix_le) thenshow ?thesis apply (intro matrix_eqI) apply (auto simp: Rep_matrix_mult foldseq_zero) apply (rule_tac foldseq_zerotail[symmetric]) apply (auto simp: ncols zero_imp_mult_zero max1) done qed
lemma move_matrix_add: "((move_matrix (A + B) j i)::(('a::monoid_add) matrix)) = (move_matrix A j i) + (move_matrix B j i)" by (simp add: matrix_eqI)
lemma move_matrix_mult: "move_matrix ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix)*B) j i = (move_matrix A j 0) * (move_matrix B 0 i)" by (simp add: move_matrix_ortho[of "A*B"] move_matrix_col_mult move_matrix_row_mult)
definition scalar_mult :: "('a::ring) ==> 'a matrix ==> 'a matrix"where "scalar_mult a m == apply_matrix ((*) a) m"
lemma scalar_mult_zero[simp]: "scalar_mult y 0 = 0" by (simp add: scalar_mult_def)
lemma scalar_mult_add: "scalar_mult y (a+b) = (scalar_mult y a) + (scalar_mult y b)" by (simp add: scalar_mult_def apply_matrix_add algebra_simps)
lemma Rep_scalar_mult[simp]: "Rep_matrix (scalar_mult y a) j i = y * (Rep_matrix a j i)" by (simp add: scalar_mult_def)
lemma scalar_mult_singleton[simp]: "scalar_mult y (singleton_matrix j i x) = singleton_matrix j i (y * x)" by (simp add: scalar_mult_def)
lemma Rep_minus[simp]: "Rep_matrix (-(A::_::group_add)) x y = - (Rep_matrix A x y)" by (simp add: minus_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_abs[simp]: "Rep_matrix ∣A::_::lattice_ab_group_add∣ x y = ∣Rep_matrix A x y∣" by (simp add: abs_lattice sup_matrix_def)
end
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