// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
* sch_plug . c Queue traffic until an explicit release command
*
* There are two ways to use this qdisc :
* 1 . A simple " instantaneous " plug / unplug operation , by issuing an alternating
* sequence of TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER & TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_INDEFINITE commands .
*
* 2 . For network output buffering ( a . k . a output commit ) functionality .
* Output commit property is commonly used by applications using checkpoint
* based fault - tolerance to ensure that the checkpoint from which a system
* is being restored is consistent w . r . t outside world .
*
* Consider for e . g . Remus - a Virtual Machine checkpointing system ,
* wherein a VM is checkpointed , say every 50 ms . The checkpoint is replicated
* asynchronously to the backup host , while the VM continues executing the
* next epoch speculatively .
*
* The following is a typical sequence of output buffer operations :
* 1 . At epoch i , start_buffer ( i )
* 2 . At end of epoch i ( i . e . after 50 ms ) :
* 2 . 1 Stop VM and take checkpoint ( i ) .
* 2 . 2 start_buffer ( i + 1 ) and Resume VM
* 3 . While speculatively executing epoch ( i + 1 ) , asynchronously replicate
* checkpoint ( i ) to backup host .
* 4 . When checkpoint_ack ( i ) is received from backup , release_buffer ( i )
* Thus , this Qdisc would receive the following sequence of commands :
* TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER ( epoch i )
* . . TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER ( epoch i + 1 )
* . . . . TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_ONE ( epoch i )
* . . . . . . TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER ( epoch i + 2 )
* . . . . . . . .
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <net/pkt_sched.h>
/*
* State of the queue , when used for network output buffering :
*
* plug ( i + 1 ) plug ( i ) head
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - >
* | |
* | |
* pkts_current_epoch | pkts_last_epoch | pkts_to_release
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - > | < - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - > | + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - >
* v v
*
*/
struct plug_sched_data {
/* If true, the dequeue function releases all packets
* from head to end of the queue . The queue turns into
* a pass - through queue for newly arriving packets .
*/
bool unplug_indefinite;
bool throttled;
/* Queue Limit in bytes */
u32 limit;
/* Number of packets (output) from the current speculatively
* executing epoch .
*/
u32 pkts_current_epoch;
/* Number of packets corresponding to the recently finished
* epoch . These will be released when we receive a
* TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_ONE command . This command is typically
* issued after committing a checkpoint at the target .
*/
u32 pkts_last_epoch;
/*
* Number of packets from the head of the queue , that can
* be released ( committed checkpoint ) .
*/
u32 pkts_to_release;
};
static int plug_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
struct sk_buff **to_free)
{
struct plug_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
if (likely(sch->qstats.backlog + skb->len <= q->limit)) {
if (!q->unplug_indefinite)
q->pkts_current_epoch++;
return qdisc_enqueue_tail(skb, sch);
}
return qdisc_drop(skb, sch, to_free);
}
static struct sk_buff *plug_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch)
{
struct plug_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
if (q->throttled)
return NULL;
if (!q->unplug_indefinite) {
if (!q->pkts_to_release) {
/* No more packets to dequeue. Block the queue
* and wait for the next release command .
*/
q->throttled = true ;
return NULL;
}
q->pkts_to_release--;
}
return qdisc_dequeue_head(sch);
}
static int plug_init(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt,
struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
{
struct plug_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
q->pkts_current_epoch = 0 ;
q->pkts_last_epoch = 0 ;
q->pkts_to_release = 0 ;
q->unplug_indefinite = false ;
if (opt == NULL) {
q->limit = qdisc_dev(sch)->tx_queue_len
* psched_mtu(qdisc_dev(sch));
} else {
struct tc_plug_qopt *ctl = nla_data(opt);
if (nla_len(opt) < sizeof (*ctl))
return -EINVAL;
q->limit = ctl->limit;
}
q->throttled = true ;
return 0 ;
}
/* Receives 4 types of messages:
* TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER : Inset a plug into the queue and
* buffer any incoming packets
* TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_ONE : Dequeue packets from queue head
* to beginning of the next plug .
* TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_INDEFINITE : Dequeue all packets from queue .
* Stop buffering packets until the next TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER
* command is received ( just act as a pass - thru queue ) .
* TCQ_PLUG_LIMIT : Increase / decrease queue size
*/
static int plug_change(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt,
struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
{
struct plug_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
struct tc_plug_qopt *msg;
msg = nla_data(opt);
if (nla_len(opt) < sizeof (*msg))
return -EINVAL;
switch (msg->action) {
case TCQ_PLUG_BUFFER:
/* Save size of the current buffer */
q->pkts_last_epoch = q->pkts_current_epoch;
q->pkts_current_epoch = 0 ;
if (q->unplug_indefinite)
q->throttled = true ;
q->unplug_indefinite = false ;
break ;
case TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_ONE:
/* Add packets from the last complete buffer to the
* packets to be released set .
*/
q->pkts_to_release += q->pkts_last_epoch;
q->pkts_last_epoch = 0 ;
q->throttled = false ;
netif_schedule_queue(sch->dev_queue);
break ;
case TCQ_PLUG_RELEASE_INDEFINITE:
q->unplug_indefinite = true ;
q->pkts_to_release = 0 ;
q->pkts_last_epoch = 0 ;
q->pkts_current_epoch = 0 ;
q->throttled = false ;
netif_schedule_queue(sch->dev_queue);
break ;
case TCQ_PLUG_LIMIT:
/* Limit is supplied in bytes */
q->limit = msg->limit;
break ;
default :
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0 ;
}
static struct Qdisc_ops plug_qdisc_ops __read_mostly = {
.id = "plug" ,
.priv_size = sizeof (struct plug_sched_data),
.enqueue = plug_enqueue,
.dequeue = plug_dequeue,
.peek = qdisc_peek_dequeued,
.init = plug_init,
.change = plug_change,
.reset = qdisc_reset_queue,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
};
MODULE_ALIAS_NET_SCH("plug" );
static int __init plug_module_init(void )
{
return register_qdisc(&plug_qdisc_ops);
}
static void __exit plug_module_exit(void )
{
unregister_qdisc(&plug_qdisc_ops);
}
module_init(plug_module_init)
module_exit(plug_module_exit)
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL" );
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Qdisc to plug and unplug traffic via netlink control" );
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(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-28)
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