Quelle filemap.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* linux / mm / filemap . c
*
* Copyright ( C ) 1994 - 1999 Linus Torvalds
*/
/*
* This file handles the generic file mmap semantics used by
* most " normal " filesystems ( but you don ' t / have / to use this :
* the NFS filesystem used to do this differently , for example )
*/
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/dax.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/swapops.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/uio.h>
#include <linux/error-injection.h>
#include <linux/hash.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include <linux/pagevec.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/psi.h>
#include <linux/ramfs.h>
#include <linux/page_idle.h>
#include <linux/migrate.h>
#include <linux/pipe_fs_i.h>
#include <linux/splice.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <asm /pgalloc.h>
#include <asm /tlbflush.h>
#include "internal.h"
#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
#include <trace/events/filemap.h>
/*
* FIXME : remove all knowledge of the buffer layer from the core VM
*/
#include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* for try_to_free_buffers */
#include <asm /mman.h>
#include "swap.h"
/*
* Shared mappings implemented 30 . 11 . 1994 . It ' s not fully working yet ,
* though .
*
* Shared mappings now work . 15 . 8 . 1995 Bruno .
*
* finished ' unifying ' the page and buffer cache and SMP - threaded the
* page - cache , 21 . 05 . 1999 , Ingo Molnar < mingo @ redhat . com >
*
* SMP - threaded pagemap - LRU 1999 , Andrea Arcangeli < andrea @ suse . de >
*/
/*
* Lock ordering :
*
* - > i_mmap_rwsem ( truncate_pagecache )
* - > private_lock ( _ _ free_pte - > block_dirty_folio )
* - > swap_lock ( exclusive_swap_page , others )
* - > i_pages lock
*
* - > i_rwsem
* - > invalidate_lock ( acquired by fs in truncate path )
* - > i_mmap_rwsem ( truncate - > unmap_mapping_range )
*
* - > mmap_lock
* - > i_mmap_rwsem
* - > page_table_lock or pte_lock ( various , mainly in memory . c )
* - > i_pages lock ( arch - dependent flush_dcache_mmap_lock )
*
* - > mmap_lock
* - > invalidate_lock ( filemap_fault )
* - > lock_page ( filemap_fault , access_process_vm )
*
* - > i_rwsem ( generic_perform_write )
* - > mmap_lock ( fault_in_readable - > do_page_fault )
*
* bdi - > wb . list_lock
* sb_lock ( fs / fs - writeback . c )
* - > i_pages lock ( _ _ sync_single_inode )
*
* - > i_mmap_rwsem
* - > anon_vma . lock ( vma_merge )
*
* - > anon_vma . lock
* - > page_table_lock or pte_lock ( anon_vma_prepare and various )
*
* - > page_table_lock or pte_lock
* - > swap_lock ( try_to_unmap_one )
* - > private_lock ( try_to_unmap_one )
* - > i_pages lock ( try_to_unmap_one )
* - > lruvec - > lru_lock ( follow_page_mask - > mark_page_accessed )
* - > lruvec - > lru_lock ( check_pte_range - > folio_isolate_lru )
* - > private_lock ( folio_remove_rmap_pte - > set_page_dirty )
* - > i_pages lock ( folio_remove_rmap_pte - > set_page_dirty )
* bdi . wb - > list_lock ( folio_remove_rmap_pte - > set_page_dirty )
* - > inode - > i_lock ( folio_remove_rmap_pte - > set_page_dirty )
* bdi . wb - > list_lock ( zap_pte_range - > set_page_dirty )
* - > inode - > i_lock ( zap_pte_range - > set_page_dirty )
* - > private_lock ( zap_pte_range - > block_dirty_folio )
*/
static void page_cache_delete(struct address_space *mapping,
struct folio *folio, void *shadow)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, folio->index);
long nr = 1 ;
mapping_set_update(&xas, mapping);
xas_set_order(&xas, folio->index, folio_order(folio));
nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
xas_store(&xas, shadow);
xas_init_marks(&xas);
folio->mapping = NULL;
/* Leave folio->index set: truncation lookup relies upon it */
mapping->nrpages -= nr;
}
static void filemap_unaccount_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
struct folio *folio)
{
long nr;
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_mapped(folio), folio);
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM) && unlikely(folio_mapped(folio))) {
pr_alert("BUG: Bad page cache in process %s pfn:%05lx\n" ,
current->comm, folio_pfn(folio));
dump_page(&folio->page, "still mapped when deleted" );
dump_stack();
add_taint(TAINT_BAD_PAGE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
if (mapping_exiting(mapping) && !folio_test_large(folio)) {
int mapcount = folio_mapcount(folio);
if (folio_ref_count(folio) >= mapcount + 2 ) {
/*
* All vmas have already been torn down , so it ' s
* a good bet that actually the page is unmapped
* and we ' d rather not leak it : if we ' re wrong ,
* another bad page check should catch it later .
*/
atomic_set(&folio->_mapcount, -1 );
folio_ref_sub(folio, mapcount);
}
}
}
/* hugetlb folios do not participate in page cache accounting. */
if (folio_test_hugetlb(folio))
return ;
nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FILE_PAGES, -nr);
if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio)) {
__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_SHMEM, -nr);
if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_SHMEM_THPS, -nr);
} else if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio)) {
__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FILE_THPS, -nr);
filemap_nr_thps_dec(mapping);
}
/*
* At this point folio must be either written or cleaned by
* truncate . Dirty folio here signals a bug and loss of
* unwritten data - on ordinary filesystems .
*
* But it ' s harmless on in - memory filesystems like tmpfs ; and can
* occur when a driver which did get_user_pages ( ) sets page dirty
* before putting it , while the inode is being finally evicted .
*
* Below fixes dirty accounting after removing the folio entirely
* but leaves the dirty flag set : it has no effect for truncated
* folio and anyway will be cleared before returning folio to
* buddy allocator .
*/
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_test_dirty(folio) &&
mapping_can_writeback(mapping)))
folio_account_cleaned(folio, inode_to_wb(mapping->host));
}
/*
* Delete a page from the page cache and free it . Caller has to make
* sure the page is locked and that nobody else uses it - or that usage
* is safe . The caller must hold the i_pages lock .
*/
void __filemap_remove_folio(struct folio *folio, void *shadow)
{
struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping;
trace_mm_filemap_delete_from_page_cache(folio);
filemap_unaccount_folio(mapping, folio);
page_cache_delete(mapping, folio, shadow);
}
void filemap_free_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio)
{
void (*free_folio)(struct folio *);
free_folio = mapping->a_ops->free_folio;
if (free_folio)
free_folio(folio);
folio_put_refs(folio, folio_nr_pages(folio));
}
/**
* filemap_remove_folio - Remove folio from page cache .
* @ folio : The folio .
*
* This must be called only on folios that are locked and have been
* verified to be in the page cache . It will never put the folio into
* the free list because the caller has a reference on the page .
*/
void filemap_remove_folio(struct folio *folio)
{
struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping;
BUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
spin_lock(&mapping->host->i_lock);
xa_lock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
__filemap_remove_folio(folio, NULL);
xa_unlock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
if (mapping_shrinkable(mapping))
inode_add_lru(mapping->host);
spin_unlock(&mapping->host->i_lock);
filemap_free_folio(mapping, folio);
}
/*
* page_cache_delete_batch - delete several folios from page cache
* @ mapping : the mapping to which folios belong
* @ fbatch : batch of folios to delete
*
* The function walks over mapping - > i_pages and removes folios passed in
* @ fbatch from the mapping . The function expects @ fbatch to be sorted
* by page index and is optimised for it to be dense .
* It tolerates holes in @ fbatch ( mapping entries at those indices are not
* modified ) .
*
* The function expects the i_pages lock to be held .
*/
static void page_cache_delete_batch(struct address_space *mapping,
struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, fbatch->folios[0 ]->index);
long total_pages = 0 ;
int i = 0 ;
struct folio *folio;
mapping_set_update(&xas, mapping);
xas_for_each(&xas, folio, ULONG_MAX) {
if (i >= folio_batch_count(fbatch))
break ;
/* A swap/dax/shadow entry got inserted? Skip it. */
if (xa_is_value(folio))
continue ;
/*
* A page got inserted in our range ? Skip it . We have our
* pages locked so they are protected from being removed .
* If we see a page whose index is higher than ours , it
* means our page has been removed , which shouldn ' t be
* possible because we ' re holding the PageLock .
*/
if (folio != fbatch->folios[i]) {
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio->index >
fbatch->folios[i]->index, folio);
continue ;
}
WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_locked(folio));
folio->mapping = NULL;
/* Leave folio->index set: truncation lookup relies on it */
i++;
xas_store(&xas, NULL);
total_pages += folio_nr_pages(folio);
}
mapping->nrpages -= total_pages;
}
void delete_from_page_cache_batch(struct address_space *mapping,
struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
int i;
if (!folio_batch_count(fbatch))
return ;
spin_lock(&mapping->host->i_lock);
xa_lock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
for (i = 0 ; i < folio_batch_count(fbatch); i++) {
struct folio *folio = fbatch->folios[i];
trace_mm_filemap_delete_from_page_cache(folio);
filemap_unaccount_folio(mapping, folio);
}
page_cache_delete_batch(mapping, fbatch);
xa_unlock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
if (mapping_shrinkable(mapping))
inode_add_lru(mapping->host);
spin_unlock(&mapping->host->i_lock);
for (i = 0 ; i < folio_batch_count(fbatch); i++)
filemap_free_folio(mapping, fbatch->folios[i]);
}
int filemap_check_errors(struct address_space *mapping)
{
int ret = 0 ;
/* Check for outstanding write errors */
if (test_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags) &&
test_and_clear_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags))
ret = -ENOSPC;
if (test_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags) &&
test_and_clear_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags))
ret = -EIO;
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_check_errors);
static int filemap_check_and_keep_errors(struct address_space *mapping)
{
/* Check for outstanding write errors */
if (test_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags))
return -EIO;
if (test_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags))
return -ENOSPC;
return 0 ;
}
/**
* filemap_fdatawrite_wbc - start writeback on mapping dirty pages in range
* @ mapping : address space structure to write
* @ wbc : the writeback_control controlling the writeout
*
* Call writepages on the mapping using the provided wbc to control the
* writeout .
*
* Return : % 0 on success , negative error code otherwise .
*/
int filemap_fdatawrite_wbc(struct address_space *mapping,
struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
int ret;
if (!mapping_can_writeback(mapping) ||
!mapping_tagged(mapping, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY))
return 0 ;
wbc_attach_fdatawrite_inode(wbc, mapping->host);
ret = do_writepages(mapping, wbc);
wbc_detach_inode(wbc);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawrite_wbc);
/**
* _ _ filemap_fdatawrite_range - start writeback on mapping dirty pages in range
* @ mapping : address space structure to write
* @ start : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ end : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
* @ sync_mode : enable synchronous operation
*
* Start writeback against all of a mapping ' s dirty pages that lie
* within the byte offsets < start , end > inclusive .
*
* If sync_mode is WB_SYNC_ALL then this is a " data integrity " operation , as
* opposed to a regular memory cleansing writeback . The difference between
* these two operations is that if a dirty page / buffer is encountered , it must
* be waited upon , and not just skipped over .
*
* Return : % 0 on success , negative error code otherwise .
*/
int __filemap_fdatawrite_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,
loff_t end, int sync_mode)
{
struct writeback_control wbc = {
.sync_mode = sync_mode,
.nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
.range_start = start,
.range_end = end,
};
return filemap_fdatawrite_wbc(mapping, &wbc);
}
static inline int __filemap_fdatawrite(struct address_space *mapping,
int sync_mode)
{
return __filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, 0 , LLONG_MAX, sync_mode);
}
int filemap_fdatawrite(struct address_space *mapping)
{
return __filemap_fdatawrite(mapping, WB_SYNC_ALL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawrite);
int filemap_fdatawrite_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,
loff_t end)
{
return __filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, start, end, WB_SYNC_ALL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawrite_range);
/**
* filemap_fdatawrite_range_kick - start writeback on a range
* @ mapping : target address_space
* @ start : index to start writeback on
* @ end : last ( inclusive ) index for writeback
*
* This is a non - integrity writeback helper , to start writing back folios
* for the indicated range .
*
* Return : % 0 on success , negative error code otherwise .
*/
int filemap_fdatawrite_range_kick(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,
loff_t end)
{
return __filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, start, end, WB_SYNC_NONE);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(filemap_fdatawrite_range_kick);
/**
* filemap_flush - mostly a non - blocking flush
* @ mapping : target address_space
*
* This is a mostly non - blocking flush . Not suitable for data - integrity
* purposes - I / O may not be started against all dirty pages .
*
* Return : % 0 on success , negative error code otherwise .
*/
int filemap_flush(struct address_space *mapping)
{
return __filemap_fdatawrite(mapping, WB_SYNC_NONE);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_flush);
/**
* filemap_range_has_page - check if a page exists in range .
* @ mapping : address space within which to check
* @ start_byte : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ end_byte : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
*
* Find at least one page in the range supplied , usually used to check if
* direct writing in this range will trigger a writeback .
*
* Return : % true if at least one page exists in the specified range ,
* % false otherwise .
*/
bool filemap_range_has_page(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t start_byte, loff_t end_byte)
{
struct folio *folio;
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT);
pgoff_t max = end_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if (end_byte < start_byte)
return false ;
rcu_read_lock();
for (;;) {
folio = xas_find(&xas, max);
if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))
continue ;
/* Shadow entries don't count */
if (xa_is_value(folio))
continue ;
/*
* We don ' t need to try to pin this page ; we ' re about to
* release the RCU lock anyway . It is enough to know that
* there was a page here recently .
*/
break ;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio != NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_range_has_page);
static void __filemap_fdatawait_range(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t start_byte, loff_t end_byte)
{
pgoff_t index = start_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pgoff_t end = end_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT;
struct folio_batch fbatch;
unsigned nr_folios;
folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
while (index <= end) {
unsigned i;
nr_folios = filemap_get_folios_tag(mapping, &index, end,
PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK, &fbatch);
if (!nr_folios)
break ;
for (i = 0 ; i < nr_folios; i++) {
struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
folio_wait_writeback(folio);
}
folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
cond_resched();
}
}
/**
* filemap_fdatawait_range - wait for writeback to complete
* @ mapping : address space structure to wait for
* @ start_byte : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ end_byte : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
*
* Walk the list of under - writeback pages of the given address space
* in the given range and wait for all of them . Check error status of
* the address space and return it .
*
* Since the error status of the address space is cleared by this function ,
* callers are responsible for checking the return value and handling and / or
* reporting the error .
*
* Return : error status of the address space .
*/
int filemap_fdatawait_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start_byte,
loff_t end_byte)
{
__filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, start_byte, end_byte);
return filemap_check_errors(mapping);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawait_range);
/**
* filemap_fdatawait_range_keep_errors - wait for writeback to complete
* @ mapping : address space structure to wait for
* @ start_byte : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ end_byte : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
*
* Walk the list of under - writeback pages of the given address space in the
* given range and wait for all of them . Unlike filemap_fdatawait_range ( ) ,
* this function does not clear error status of the address space .
*
* Use this function if callers don ' t handle errors themselves . Expected
* call sites are system - wide / filesystem - wide data flushers : e . g . sync ( 2 ) ,
* fsfreeze ( 8 )
*/
int filemap_fdatawait_range_keep_errors(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t start_byte, loff_t end_byte)
{
__filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, start_byte, end_byte);
return filemap_check_and_keep_errors(mapping);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawait_range_keep_errors);
/**
* file_fdatawait_range - wait for writeback to complete
* @ file : file pointing to address space structure to wait for
* @ start_byte : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ end_byte : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
*
* Walk the list of under - writeback pages of the address space that file
* refers to , in the given range and wait for all of them . Check error
* status of the address space vs . the file - > f_wb_err cursor and return it .
*
* Since the error status of the file is advanced by this function ,
* callers are responsible for checking the return value and handling and / or
* reporting the error .
*
* Return : error status of the address space vs . the file - > f_wb_err cursor .
*/
int file_fdatawait_range(struct file *file, loff_t start_byte, loff_t end_byte)
{
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
__filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, start_byte, end_byte);
return file_check_and_advance_wb_err(file);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_fdatawait_range);
/**
* filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors - wait for writeback without clearing errors
* @ mapping : address space structure to wait for
*
* Walk the list of under - writeback pages of the given address space
* and wait for all of them . Unlike filemap_fdatawait ( ) , this function
* does not clear error status of the address space .
*
* Use this function if callers don ' t handle errors themselves . Expected
* call sites are system - wide / filesystem - wide data flushers : e . g . sync ( 2 ) ,
* fsfreeze ( 8 )
*
* Return : error status of the address space .
*/
int filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors(struct address_space *mapping)
{
__filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, 0 , LLONG_MAX);
return filemap_check_and_keep_errors(mapping);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors);
/* Returns true if writeback might be needed or already in progress. */
static bool mapping_needs_writeback(struct address_space *mapping)
{
return mapping->nrpages;
}
bool filemap_range_has_writeback(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t start_byte, loff_t end_byte)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT);
pgoff_t max = end_byte >> PAGE_SHIFT;
struct folio *folio;
if (end_byte < start_byte)
return false ;
rcu_read_lock();
xas_for_each(&xas, folio, max) {
if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))
continue ;
if (xa_is_value(folio))
continue ;
if (folio_test_dirty(folio) || folio_test_locked(folio) ||
folio_test_writeback(folio))
break ;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio != NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(filemap_range_has_writeback);
/**
* filemap_write_and_wait_range - write out & wait on a file range
* @ mapping : the address_space for the pages
* @ lstart : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ lend : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
*
* Write out and wait upon file offsets lstart - > lend , inclusive .
*
* Note that @ lend is inclusive ( describes the last byte to be written ) so
* that this function can be used to write to the very end - of - file ( end = - 1 ) .
*
* Return : error status of the address space .
*/
int filemap_write_and_wait_range(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t lstart, loff_t lend)
{
int err = 0 , err2;
if (lend < lstart)
return 0 ;
if (mapping_needs_writeback(mapping)) {
err = __filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, lstart, lend,
WB_SYNC_ALL);
/*
* Even if the above returned error , the pages may be
* written partially ( e . g . - ENOSPC ) , so we wait for it .
* But the - EIO is special case , it may indicate the worst
* thing ( e . g . bug ) happened , so we avoid waiting for it .
*/
if (err != -EIO)
__filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, lstart, lend);
}
err2 = filemap_check_errors(mapping);
if (!err)
err = err2;
return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_write_and_wait_range);
void __filemap_set_wb_err(struct address_space *mapping, int err)
{
errseq_t eseq = errseq_set(&mapping->wb_err, err);
trace_filemap_set_wb_err(mapping, eseq);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__filemap_set_wb_err);
/**
* file_check_and_advance_wb_err - report wb error ( if any ) that was previously
* and advance wb_err to current one
* @ file : struct file on which the error is being reported
*
* When userland calls fsync ( or something like nfsd does the equivalent ) , we
* want to report any writeback errors that occurred since the last fsync ( or
* since the file was opened if there haven ' t been any ) .
*
* Grab the wb_err from the mapping . If it matches what we have in the file ,
* then just quickly return 0 . The file is all caught up .
*
* If it doesn ' t match , then take the mapping value , set the " seen " flag in
* it and try to swap it into place . If it works , or another task beat us
* to it with the new value , then update the f_wb_err and return the error
* portion . The error at this point must be reported via proper channels
* ( a ' la fsync , or NFS COMMIT operation , etc . ) .
*
* While we handle mapping - > wb_err with atomic operations , the f_wb_err
* value is protected by the f_lock since we must ensure that it reflects
* the latest value swapped in for this file descriptor .
*
* Return : % 0 on success , negative error code otherwise .
*/
int file_check_and_advance_wb_err(struct file *file)
{
int err = 0 ;
errseq_t old = READ_ONCE(file->f_wb_err);
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
/* Locklessly handle the common case where nothing has changed */
if (errseq_check(&mapping->wb_err, old)) {
/* Something changed, must use slow path */
spin_lock(&file->f_lock);
old = file->f_wb_err;
err = errseq_check_and_advance(&mapping->wb_err,
&file->f_wb_err);
trace_file_check_and_advance_wb_err(file, old);
spin_unlock(&file->f_lock);
}
/*
* We ' re mostly using this function as a drop in replacement for
* filemap_check_errors . Clear AS_EIO / AS_ENOSPC to emulate the effect
* that the legacy code would have had on these flags .
*/
clear_bit(AS_EIO, &mapping->flags);
clear_bit(AS_ENOSPC, &mapping->flags);
return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_check_and_advance_wb_err);
/**
* file_write_and_wait_range - write out & wait on a file range
* @ file : file pointing to address_space with pages
* @ lstart : offset in bytes where the range starts
* @ lend : offset in bytes where the range ends ( inclusive )
*
* Write out and wait upon file offsets lstart - > lend , inclusive .
*
* Note that @ lend is inclusive ( describes the last byte to be written ) so
* that this function can be used to write to the very end - of - file ( end = - 1 ) .
*
* After writing out and waiting on the data , we check and advance the
* f_wb_err cursor to the latest value , and return any errors detected there .
*
* Return : % 0 on success , negative error code otherwise .
*/
int file_write_and_wait_range(struct file *file, loff_t lstart, loff_t lend)
{
int err = 0 , err2;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
if (lend < lstart)
return 0 ;
if (mapping_needs_writeback(mapping)) {
err = __filemap_fdatawrite_range(mapping, lstart, lend,
WB_SYNC_ALL);
/* See comment of filemap_write_and_wait() */
if (err != -EIO)
__filemap_fdatawait_range(mapping, lstart, lend);
}
err2 = file_check_and_advance_wb_err(file);
if (!err)
err = err2;
return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_write_and_wait_range);
/**
* replace_page_cache_folio - replace a pagecache folio with a new one
* @ old : folio to be replaced
* @ new : folio to replace with
*
* This function replaces a folio in the pagecache with a new one . On
* success it acquires the pagecache reference for the new folio and
* drops it for the old folio . Both the old and new folios must be
* locked . This function does not add the new folio to the LRU , the
* caller must do that .
*
* The remove + add is atomic . This function cannot fail .
*/
void replace_page_cache_folio(struct folio *old, struct folio *new )
{
struct address_space *mapping = old->mapping;
void (*free_folio)(struct folio *) = mapping->a_ops->free_folio;
pgoff_t offset = old->index;
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, offset);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(old), old);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(new ), new );
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(new ->mapping, new );
folio_get(new );
new ->mapping = mapping;
new ->index = offset;
mem_cgroup_replace_folio(old, new );
xas_lock_irq(&xas);
xas_store(&xas, new );
old->mapping = NULL;
/* hugetlb pages do not participate in page cache accounting. */
if (!folio_test_hugetlb(old))
__lruvec_stat_sub_folio(old, NR_FILE_PAGES);
if (!folio_test_hugetlb(new ))
__lruvec_stat_add_folio(new , NR_FILE_PAGES);
if (folio_test_swapbacked(old))
__lruvec_stat_sub_folio(old, NR_SHMEM);
if (folio_test_swapbacked(new ))
__lruvec_stat_add_folio(new , NR_SHMEM);
xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
if (free_folio)
free_folio(old);
folio_put(old);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(replace_page_cache_folio);
noinline int __filemap_add_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
struct folio *folio, pgoff_t index, gfp_t gfp, void **shadowp)
{
XA_STATE_ORDER(xas, &mapping->i_pages, index, folio_order(folio));
bool huge;
long nr;
unsigned int forder = folio_order(folio);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_swapbacked(folio), folio);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_order(folio) < mapping_min_folio_order(mapping),
folio);
mapping_set_update(&xas, mapping);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(index & (folio_nr_pages(folio) - 1 ), folio);
huge = folio_test_hugetlb(folio);
nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
gfp &= GFP_RECLAIM_MASK;
folio_ref_add(folio, nr);
folio->mapping = mapping;
folio->index = xas.xa_index;
for (;;) {
int order = -1 ;
void *entry, *old = NULL;
xas_lock_irq(&xas);
xas_for_each_conflict(&xas, entry) {
old = entry;
if (!xa_is_value(entry)) {
xas_set_err(&xas, -EEXIST);
goto unlock;
}
/*
* If a larger entry exists ,
* it will be the first and only entry iterated .
*/
if (order == -1 )
order = xas_get_order(&xas);
}
if (old) {
if (order > 0 && order > forder) {
unsigned int split_order = max(forder,
xas_try_split_min_order(order));
/* How to handle large swap entries? */
BUG_ON(shmem_mapping(mapping));
while (order > forder) {
xas_set_order(&xas, index, split_order);
xas_try_split(&xas, old, order);
if (xas_error(&xas))
goto unlock;
order = split_order;
split_order =
max(xas_try_split_min_order(
split_order),
forder);
}
xas_reset(&xas);
}
if (shadowp)
*shadowp = old;
}
xas_store(&xas, folio);
if (xas_error(&xas))
goto unlock;
mapping->nrpages += nr;
/* hugetlb pages do not participate in page cache accounting */
if (!huge) {
__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FILE_PAGES, nr);
if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio,
NR_FILE_THPS, nr);
}
unlock:
xas_unlock_irq(&xas);
if (!xas_nomem(&xas, gfp))
break ;
}
if (xas_error(&xas))
goto error;
trace_mm_filemap_add_to_page_cache(folio);
return 0 ;
error:
folio->mapping = NULL;
/* Leave folio->index set: truncation relies upon it */
folio_put_refs(folio, nr);
return xas_error(&xas);
}
ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION(__filemap_add_folio, ERRNO);
int filemap_add_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio,
pgoff_t index, gfp_t gfp)
{
void *shadow = NULL;
int ret;
ret = mem_cgroup_charge(folio, NULL, gfp);
if (ret)
return ret;
__folio_set_locked(folio);
ret = __filemap_add_folio(mapping, folio, index, gfp, &shadow);
if (unlikely(ret)) {
mem_cgroup_uncharge(folio);
__folio_clear_locked(folio);
} else {
/*
* The folio might have been evicted from cache only
* recently , in which case it should be activated like
* any other repeatedly accessed folio .
* The exception is folios getting rewritten ; evicting other
* data from the working set , only to cache data that will
* get overwritten with something else , is a waste of memory .
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_test_active(folio));
if (!(gfp & __GFP_WRITE) && shadow)
workingset_refault(folio, shadow);
folio_add_lru(folio);
}
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(filemap_add_folio);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
struct folio *filemap_alloc_folio_noprof(gfp_t gfp, unsigned int order)
{
int n;
struct folio *folio;
if (cpuset_do_page_mem_spread()) {
unsigned int cpuset_mems_cookie;
do {
cpuset_mems_cookie = read_mems_allowed_begin();
n = cpuset_mem_spread_node();
folio = __folio_alloc_node_noprof(gfp, order, n);
} while (!folio && read_mems_allowed_retry(cpuset_mems_cookie));
return folio;
}
return folio_alloc_noprof(gfp, order);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_alloc_folio_noprof);
#endif
/*
* filemap_invalidate_lock_two - lock invalidate_lock for two mappings
*
* Lock exclusively invalidate_lock of any passed mapping that is not NULL .
*
* @ mapping1 : the first mapping to lock
* @ mapping2 : the second mapping to lock
*/
void filemap_invalidate_lock_two(struct address_space *mapping1,
struct address_space *mapping2)
{
if (mapping1 > mapping2)
swap(mapping1, mapping2);
if (mapping1)
down_write(&mapping1->invalidate_lock);
if (mapping2 && mapping1 != mapping2)
down_write_nested(&mapping2->invalidate_lock, 1 );
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_invalidate_lock_two);
/*
* filemap_invalidate_unlock_two - unlock invalidate_lock for two mappings
*
* Unlock exclusive invalidate_lock of any passed mapping that is not NULL .
*
* @ mapping1 : the first mapping to unlock
* @ mapping2 : the second mapping to unlock
*/
void filemap_invalidate_unlock_two(struct address_space *mapping1,
struct address_space *mapping2)
{
if (mapping1)
up_write(&mapping1->invalidate_lock);
if (mapping2 && mapping1 != mapping2)
up_write(&mapping2->invalidate_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_invalidate_unlock_two);
/*
* In order to wait for pages to become available there must be
* waitqueues associated with pages . By using a hash table of
* waitqueues where the bucket discipline is to maintain all
* waiters on the same queue and wake all when any of the pages
* become available , and for the woken contexts to check to be
* sure the appropriate page became available , this saves space
* at a cost of " thundering herd " phenomena during rare hash
* collisions .
*/
#define PAGE_WAIT_TABLE_BITS 8
#define PAGE_WAIT_TABLE_SIZE (1 << PAGE_WAIT_TABLE_BITS)
static wait_queue_head_t folio_wait_table[PAGE_WAIT_TABLE_SIZE] __cacheline_aligned;
static wait_queue_head_t *folio_waitqueue(struct folio *folio)
{
return &folio_wait_table[hash_ptr(folio, PAGE_WAIT_TABLE_BITS)];
}
/* How many times do we accept lock stealing from under a waiter? */
static int sysctl_page_lock_unfairness = 5 ;
static const struct ctl_table filemap_sysctl_table[] = {
{
.procname = "page_lock_unfairness" ,
.data = &sysctl_page_lock_unfairness,
.maxlen = sizeof (sysctl_page_lock_unfairness),
.mode = 0644 ,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
.extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO,
}
};
void __init pagecache_init(void )
{
int i;
for (i = 0 ; i < PAGE_WAIT_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
init_waitqueue_head(&folio_wait_table[i]);
page_writeback_init();
register_sysctl_init("vm" , filemap_sysctl_table);
}
/*
* The page wait code treats the " wait - > flags " somewhat unusually , because
* we have multiple different kinds of waits , not just the usual " exclusive "
* one .
*
* We have :
*
* ( a ) no special bits set :
*
* We ' re just waiting for the bit to be released , and when a waker
* calls the wakeup function , we set WQ_FLAG_WOKEN and wake it up ,
* and remove it from the wait queue .
*
* Simple and straightforward .
*
* ( b ) WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE :
*
* The waiter is waiting to get the lock , and only one waiter should
* be woken up to avoid any thundering herd behavior . We ' ll set the
* WQ_FLAG_WOKEN bit , wake it up , and remove it from the wait queue .
*
* This is the traditional exclusive wait .
*
* ( c ) WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE | WQ_FLAG_CUSTOM :
*
* The waiter is waiting to get the bit , and additionally wants the
* lock to be transferred to it for fair lock behavior . If the lock
* cannot be taken , we stop walking the wait queue without waking
* the waiter .
*
* This is the " fair lock handoff " case , and in addition to setting
* WQ_FLAG_WOKEN , we set WQ_FLAG_DONE to let the waiter easily see
* that it now has the lock .
*/
static int wake_page_function(wait_queue_entry_t *wait, unsigned mode, int sync, void *arg)
{
unsigned int flags;
struct wait_page_key *key = arg;
struct wait_page_queue *wait_page
= container_of(wait, struct wait_page_queue, wait);
if (!wake_page_match(wait_page, key))
return 0 ;
/*
* If it ' s a lock handoff wait , we get the bit for it , and
* stop walking ( and do not wake it up ) if we can ' t .
*/
flags = wait->flags;
if (flags & WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE) {
if (test_bit(key->bit_nr, &key->folio->flags))
return -1 ;
if (flags & WQ_FLAG_CUSTOM) {
if (test_and_set_bit(key->bit_nr, &key->folio->flags))
return -1 ;
flags |= WQ_FLAG_DONE;
}
}
/*
* We are holding the wait - queue lock , but the waiter that
* is waiting for this will be checking the flags without
* any locking .
*
* So update the flags atomically , and wake up the waiter
* afterwards to avoid any races . This store - release pairs
* with the load - acquire in folio_wait_bit_common ( ) .
*/
smp_store_release(&wait->flags, flags | WQ_FLAG_WOKEN);
wake_up_state(wait->private , mode);
/*
* Ok , we have successfully done what we ' re waiting for ,
* and we can unconditionally remove the wait entry .
*
* Note that this pairs with the " finish_wait ( ) " in the
* waiter , and has to be the absolute last thing we do .
* After this list_del_init ( & wait - > entry ) the wait entry
* might be de - allocated and the process might even have
* exited .
*/
list_del_init_careful(&wait->entry);
return (flags & WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE) != 0 ;
}
static void folio_wake_bit(struct folio *folio, int bit_nr)
{
wait_queue_head_t *q = folio_waitqueue(folio);
struct wait_page_key key;
unsigned long flags;
key.folio = folio;
key.bit_nr = bit_nr;
key.page_match = 0 ;
spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock, flags);
__wake_up_locked_key(q, TASK_NORMAL, &key);
/*
* It ' s possible to miss clearing waiters here , when we woke our page
* waiters , but the hashed waitqueue has waiters for other pages on it .
* That ' s okay , it ' s a rare case . The next waker will clear it .
*
* Note that , depending on the page pool ( buddy , hugetlb , ZONE_DEVICE ,
* other ) , the flag may be cleared in the course of freeing the page ;
* but that is not required for correctness .
*/
if (!waitqueue_active(q) || !key.page_match)
folio_clear_waiters(folio);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);
}
/*
* A choice of three behaviors for folio_wait_bit_common ( ) :
*/
enum behavior {
EXCLUSIVE, /* Hold ref to page and take the bit when woken, like
* _ _ folio_lock ( ) waiting on then setting PG_locked .
*/
SHARED, /* Hold ref to page and check the bit when woken, like
* folio_wait_writeback ( ) waiting on PG_writeback .
*/
DROP, /* Drop ref to page before wait, no check when woken,
* like folio_put_wait_locked ( ) on PG_locked .
*/
};
/*
* Attempt to check ( or get ) the folio flag , and mark us done
* if successful .
*/
static inline bool folio_trylock_flag(struct folio *folio, int bit_nr,
struct wait_queue_entry *wait)
{
if (wait->flags & WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE) {
if (test_and_set_bit(bit_nr, &folio->flags))
return false ;
} else if (test_bit(bit_nr, &folio->flags))
return false ;
wait->flags |= WQ_FLAG_WOKEN | WQ_FLAG_DONE;
return true ;
}
static inline int folio_wait_bit_common(struct folio *folio, int bit_nr,
int state, enum behavior behavior)
{
wait_queue_head_t *q = folio_waitqueue(folio);
int unfairness = sysctl_page_lock_unfairness;
struct wait_page_queue wait_page;
wait_queue_entry_t *wait = &wait_page.wait;
bool thrashing = false ;
unsigned long pflags;
bool in_thrashing;
if (bit_nr == PG_locked &&
!folio_test_uptodate(folio) && folio_test_workingset(folio)) {
delayacct_thrashing_start(&in_thrashing);
psi_memstall_enter(&pflags);
thrashing = true ;
}
init_wait(wait);
wait->func = wake_page_function;
wait_page.folio = folio;
wait_page.bit_nr = bit_nr;
repeat:
wait->flags = 0 ;
if (behavior == EXCLUSIVE) {
wait->flags = WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE;
if (--unfairness < 0 )
wait->flags |= WQ_FLAG_CUSTOM;
}
/*
* Do one last check whether we can get the
* page bit synchronously .
*
* Do the folio_set_waiters ( ) marking before that
* to let any waker we _ just_ missed know they
* need to wake us up ( otherwise they ' ll never
* even go to the slow case that looks at the
* page queue ) , and add ourselves to the wait
* queue if we need to sleep .
*
* This part needs to be done under the queue
* lock to avoid races .
*/
spin_lock_irq(&q->lock);
folio_set_waiters(folio);
if (!folio_trylock_flag(folio, bit_nr, wait))
__add_wait_queue_entry_tail(q, wait);
spin_unlock_irq(&q->lock);
/*
* From now on , all the logic will be based on
* the WQ_FLAG_WOKEN and WQ_FLAG_DONE flag , to
* see whether the page bit testing has already
* been done by the wake function .
*
* We can drop our reference to the folio .
*/
if (behavior == DROP)
folio_put(folio);
/*
* Note that until the " finish_wait ( ) " , or until
* we see the WQ_FLAG_WOKEN flag , we need to
* be very careful with the ' wait - > flags ' , because
* we may race with a waker that sets them .
*/
for (;;) {
unsigned int flags;
set_current_state(state);
/* Loop until we've been woken or interrupted */
flags = smp_load_acquire(&wait->flags);
if (!(flags & WQ_FLAG_WOKEN)) {
if (signal_pending_state(state, current))
break ;
io_schedule();
continue ;
}
/* If we were non-exclusive, we're done */
if (behavior != EXCLUSIVE)
break ;
/* If the waker got the lock for us, we're done */
if (flags & WQ_FLAG_DONE)
break ;
/*
* Otherwise , if we ' re getting the lock , we need to
* try to get it ourselves .
*
* And if that fails , we ' ll have to retry this all .
*/
if (unlikely(test_and_set_bit(bit_nr, folio_flags(folio, 0 ))))
goto repeat;
wait->flags |= WQ_FLAG_DONE;
break ;
}
/*
* If a signal happened , this ' finish_wait ( ) ' may remove the last
* waiter from the wait - queues , but the folio waiters bit will remain
* set . That ' s ok . The next wakeup will take care of it , and trying
* to do it here would be difficult and prone to races .
*/
finish_wait(q, wait);
if (thrashing) {
delayacct_thrashing_end(&in_thrashing);
psi_memstall_leave(&pflags);
}
/*
* NOTE ! The wait - > flags weren ' t stable until we ' ve done the
* ' finish_wait ( ) ' , and we could have exited the loop above due
* to a signal , and had a wakeup event happen after the signal
* test but before the ' finish_wait ( ) ' .
*
* So only after the finish_wait ( ) can we reliably determine
* if we got woken up or not , so we can now figure out the final
* return value based on that state without races .
*
* Also note that WQ_FLAG_WOKEN is sufficient for a non - exclusive
* waiter , but an exclusive one requires WQ_FLAG_DONE .
*/
if (behavior == EXCLUSIVE)
return wait->flags & WQ_FLAG_DONE ? 0 : -EINTR;
return wait->flags & WQ_FLAG_WOKEN ? 0 : -EINTR;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
/**
* migration_entry_wait_on_locked - Wait for a migration entry to be removed
* @ entry : migration swap entry .
* @ ptl : already locked ptl . This function will drop the lock .
*
* Wait for a migration entry referencing the given page to be removed . This is
* equivalent to folio_put_wait_locked ( folio , TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE ) except
* this can be called without taking a reference on the page . Instead this
* should be called while holding the ptl for the migration entry referencing
* the page .
*
* Returns after unlocking the ptl .
*
* This follows the same logic as folio_wait_bit_common ( ) so see the comments
* there .
*/
void migration_entry_wait_on_locked(swp_entry_t entry, spinlock_t *ptl)
__releases(ptl)
{
struct wait_page_queue wait_page;
wait_queue_entry_t *wait = &wait_page.wait;
bool thrashing = false ;
unsigned long pflags;
bool in_thrashing;
wait_queue_head_t *q;
struct folio *folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
q = folio_waitqueue(folio);
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio) && folio_test_workingset(folio)) {
delayacct_thrashing_start(&in_thrashing);
psi_memstall_enter(&pflags);
thrashing = true ;
}
init_wait(wait);
wait->func = wake_page_function;
wait_page.folio = folio;
wait_page.bit_nr = PG_locked;
wait->flags = 0 ;
spin_lock_irq(&q->lock);
folio_set_waiters(folio);
if (!folio_trylock_flag(folio, PG_locked, wait))
__add_wait_queue_entry_tail(q, wait);
spin_unlock_irq(&q->lock);
/*
* If a migration entry exists for the page the migration path must hold
* a valid reference to the page , and it must take the ptl to remove the
* migration entry . So the page is valid until the ptl is dropped .
*/
spin_unlock(ptl);
for (;;) {
unsigned int flags;
set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
/* Loop until we've been woken or interrupted */
flags = smp_load_acquire(&wait->flags);
if (!(flags & WQ_FLAG_WOKEN)) {
if (signal_pending_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE, current))
break ;
io_schedule();
continue ;
}
break ;
}
finish_wait(q, wait);
if (thrashing) {
delayacct_thrashing_end(&in_thrashing);
psi_memstall_leave(&pflags);
}
}
#endif
void folio_wait_bit(struct folio *folio, int bit_nr)
{
folio_wait_bit_common(folio, bit_nr, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE, SHARED);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_wait_bit);
int folio_wait_bit_killable(struct folio *folio, int bit_nr)
{
return folio_wait_bit_common(folio, bit_nr, TASK_KILLABLE, SHARED);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_wait_bit_killable);
/**
* folio_put_wait_locked - Drop a reference and wait for it to be unlocked
* @ folio : The folio to wait for .
* @ state : The sleep state ( TASK_KILLABLE , TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE , etc ) .
*
* The caller should hold a reference on @ folio . They expect the page to
* become unlocked relatively soon , but do not wish to hold up migration
* ( for example ) by holding the reference while waiting for the folio to
* come unlocked . After this function returns , the caller should not
* dereference @ folio .
*
* Return : 0 if the folio was unlocked or - EINTR if interrupted by a signal .
*/
static int folio_put_wait_locked(struct folio *folio, int state)
{
return folio_wait_bit_common(folio, PG_locked, state, DROP);
}
/**
* folio_unlock - Unlock a locked folio .
* @ folio : The folio .
*
* Unlocks the folio and wakes up any thread sleeping on the page lock .
*
* Context : May be called from interrupt or process context . May not be
* called from NMI context .
*/
void folio_unlock(struct folio *folio)
{
/* Bit 7 allows x86 to check the byte's sign bit */
BUILD_BUG_ON(PG_waiters != 7 );
BUILD_BUG_ON(PG_locked > 7 );
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
if (folio_xor_flags_has_waiters(folio, 1 << PG_locked))
folio_wake_bit(folio, PG_locked);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_unlock);
/**
* folio_end_read - End read on a folio .
* @ folio : The folio .
* @ success : True if all reads completed successfully .
*
* When all reads against a folio have completed , filesystems should
* call this function to let the pagecache know that no more reads
* are outstanding . This will unlock the folio and wake up any thread
* sleeping on the lock . The folio will also be marked uptodate if all
* reads succeeded .
*
* Context : May be called from interrupt or process context . May not be
* called from NMI context .
*/
void folio_end_read(struct folio *folio, bool success)
{
unsigned long mask = 1 << PG_locked;
/* Must be in bottom byte for x86 to work */
BUILD_BUG_ON(PG_uptodate > 7 );
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(success && folio_test_uptodate(folio), folio);
if (likely(success))
mask |= 1 << PG_uptodate;
if (folio_xor_flags_has_waiters(folio, mask))
folio_wake_bit(folio, PG_locked);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_end_read);
/**
* folio_end_private_2 - Clear PG_private_2 and wake any waiters .
* @ folio : The folio .
*
* Clear the PG_private_2 bit on a folio and wake up any sleepers waiting for
* it . The folio reference held for PG_private_2 being set is released .
*
* This is , for example , used when a netfs folio is being written to a local
* disk cache , thereby allowing writes to the cache for the same folio to be
* serialised .
*/
void folio_end_private_2(struct folio *folio)
{
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_private_2(folio), folio);
clear_bit_unlock(PG_private_2, folio_flags(folio, 0 ));
folio_wake_bit(folio, PG_private_2);
folio_put(folio);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_end_private_2);
/**
* folio_wait_private_2 - Wait for PG_private_2 to be cleared on a folio .
* @ folio : The folio to wait on .
*
* Wait for PG_private_2 to be cleared on a folio .
*/
void folio_wait_private_2(struct folio *folio)
{
while (folio_test_private_2(folio))
folio_wait_bit(folio, PG_private_2);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_wait_private_2);
/**
* folio_wait_private_2_killable - Wait for PG_private_2 to be cleared on a folio .
* @ folio : The folio to wait on .
*
* Wait for PG_private_2 to be cleared on a folio or until a fatal signal is
* received by the calling task .
*
* Return :
* - 0 if successful .
* - - EINTR if a fatal signal was encountered .
*/
int folio_wait_private_2_killable(struct folio *folio)
{
int ret = 0 ;
while (folio_test_private_2(folio)) {
ret = folio_wait_bit_killable(folio, PG_private_2);
if (ret < 0 )
break ;
}
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_wait_private_2_killable);
static void filemap_end_dropbehind(struct folio *folio)
{
struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping;
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
if (folio_test_writeback(folio) || folio_test_dirty(folio))
return ;
if (!folio_test_clear_dropbehind(folio))
return ;
if (mapping)
folio_unmap_invalidate(mapping, folio, 0 );
}
/*
* If folio was marked as dropbehind , then pages should be dropped when writeback
* completes . Do that now . If we fail , it ' s likely because of a big folio -
* just reset dropbehind for that case and latter completions should invalidate .
*/
static void filemap_end_dropbehind_write(struct folio *folio)
{
if (!folio_test_dropbehind(folio))
return ;
/*
* Hitting ! in_task ( ) should not happen off RWF_DONTCACHE writeback ,
* but can happen if normal writeback just happens to find dirty folios
* that were created as part of uncached writeback , and that writeback
* would otherwise not need non - IRQ handling . Just skip the
* invalidation in that case .
*/
if (in_task() && folio_trylock(folio)) {
filemap_end_dropbehind(folio);
folio_unlock(folio);
}
}
/**
* folio_end_writeback - End writeback against a folio .
* @ folio : The folio .
*
* The folio must actually be under writeback .
*
* Context : May be called from process or interrupt context .
*/
void folio_end_writeback(struct folio *folio)
{
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_writeback(folio), folio);
/*
* folio_test_clear_reclaim ( ) could be used here but it is an
* atomic operation and overkill in this particular case . Failing
* to shuffle a folio marked for immediate reclaim is too mild
* a gain to justify taking an atomic operation penalty at the
* end of every folio writeback .
*/
if (folio_test_reclaim(folio)) {
folio_clear_reclaim(folio);
folio_rotate_reclaimable(folio);
}
/*
* Writeback does not hold a folio reference of its own , relying
* on truncation to wait for the clearing of PG_writeback .
* But here we must make sure that the folio is not freed and
* reused before the folio_wake_bit ( ) .
*/
folio_get(folio);
if (__folio_end_writeback(folio))
folio_wake_bit(folio, PG_writeback);
filemap_end_dropbehind_write(folio);
acct_reclaim_writeback(folio);
folio_put(folio);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(folio_end_writeback);
/**
* _ _ folio_lock - Get a lock on the folio , assuming we need to sleep to get it .
* @ folio : The folio to lock
*/
void __folio_lock(struct folio *folio)
{
folio_wait_bit_common(folio, PG_locked, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE,
EXCLUSIVE);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__folio_lock);
int __folio_lock_killable(struct folio *folio)
{
return folio_wait_bit_common(folio, PG_locked, TASK_KILLABLE,
EXCLUSIVE);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__folio_lock_killable);
static int __folio_lock_async(struct folio *folio, struct wait_page_queue *wait)
{
struct wait_queue_head *q = folio_waitqueue(folio);
int ret;
wait->folio = folio;
wait->bit_nr = PG_locked;
spin_lock_irq(&q->lock);
__add_wait_queue_entry_tail(q, &wait->wait);
folio_set_waiters(folio);
ret = !folio_trylock(folio);
/*
* If we were successful now , we know we ' re still on the
* waitqueue as we ' re still under the lock . This means it ' s
* safe to remove and return success , we know the callback
* isn ' t going to trigger .
*/
if (!ret)
__remove_wait_queue(q, &wait->wait);
else
ret = -EIOCBQUEUED;
spin_unlock_irq(&q->lock);
return ret;
}
/*
* Return values :
* 0 - folio is locked .
* non - zero - folio is not locked .
* mmap_lock or per - VMA lock has been released ( mmap_read_unlock ( ) or
* vma_end_read ( ) ) , unless flags had both FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY and
* FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT set , in which case the lock is still held .
*
* If neither ALLOW_RETRY nor KILLABLE are set , will always return 0
* with the folio locked and the mmap_lock / per - VMA lock is left unperturbed .
*/
vm_fault_t __folio_lock_or_retry(struct folio *folio, struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
unsigned int flags = vmf->flags;
if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(flags)) {
/*
* CAUTION ! In this case , mmap_lock / per - VMA lock is not
* released even though returning VM_FAULT_RETRY .
*/
if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
release_fault_lock(vmf);
if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE)
folio_wait_locked_killable(folio);
else
folio_wait_locked(folio);
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
}
if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE) {
bool ret;
ret = __folio_lock_killable(folio);
if (ret) {
release_fault_lock(vmf);
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
}
} else {
__folio_lock(folio);
}
return 0 ;
}
/**
* page_cache_next_miss ( ) - Find the next gap in the page cache .
* @ mapping : Mapping .
* @ index : Index .
* @ max_scan : Maximum range to search .
*
* Search the range [ index , min ( index + max_scan - 1 , ULONG_MAX ) ] for the
* gap with the lowest index .
*
* This function may be called under the rcu_read_lock . However , this will
* not atomically search a snapshot of the cache at a single point in time .
* For example , if a gap is created at index 5 , then subsequently a gap is
* created at index 10 , page_cache_next_miss covering both indices may
* return 10 if called under the rcu_read_lock .
*
* Return : The index of the gap if found , otherwise an index outside the
* range specified ( in which case ' return - index > = max_scan ' will be true ) .
* In the rare case of index wrap - around , 0 will be returned .
*/
pgoff_t page_cache_next_miss(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, unsigned long max_scan)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, index);
unsigned long nr = max_scan;
while (nr--) {
void *entry = xas_next(&xas);
if (!entry || xa_is_value(entry))
return xas.xa_index;
if (xas.xa_index == 0 )
return 0 ;
}
return index + max_scan;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_cache_next_miss);
/**
* page_cache_prev_miss ( ) - Find the previous gap in the page cache .
* @ mapping : Mapping .
* @ index : Index .
* @ max_scan : Maximum range to search .
*
* Search the range [ max ( index - max_scan + 1 , 0 ) , index ] for the
* gap with the highest index .
*
* This function may be called under the rcu_read_lock . However , this will
* not atomically search a snapshot of the cache at a single point in time .
* For example , if a gap is created at index 10 , then subsequently a gap is
* created at index 5 , page_cache_prev_miss ( ) covering both indices may
* return 5 if called under the rcu_read_lock .
*
* Return : The index of the gap if found , otherwise an index outside the
* range specified ( in which case ' index - return > = max_scan ' will be true ) .
* In the rare case of wrap - around , ULONG_MAX will be returned .
*/
pgoff_t page_cache_prev_miss(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, unsigned long max_scan)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, index);
while (max_scan--) {
void *entry = xas_prev(&xas);
if (!entry || xa_is_value(entry))
break ;
if (xas.xa_index == ULONG_MAX)
break ;
}
return xas.xa_index;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_cache_prev_miss);
/*
* Lockless page cache protocol :
* On the lookup side :
* 1 . Load the folio from i_pages
* 2 . Increment the refcount if it ' s not zero
* 3 . If the folio is not found by xas_reload ( ) , put the refcount and retry
*
* On the removal side :
* A . Freeze the page ( by zeroing the refcount if nobody else has a reference )
* B . Remove the page from i_pages
* C . Return the page to the page allocator
*
* This means that any page may have its reference count temporarily
* increased by a speculative page cache ( or GUP - fast ) lookup as it can
* be allocated by another user before the RCU grace period expires .
* Because the refcount temporarily acquired here may end up being the
* last refcount on the page , any page allocation must be freeable by
* folio_put ( ) .
*/
/*
* filemap_get_entry - Get a page cache entry .
* @ mapping : the address_space to search
* @ index : The page cache index .
*
* Looks up the page cache entry at @ mapping & @ index . If it is a folio ,
* it is returned with an increased refcount . If it is a shadow entry
* of a previously evicted folio , or a swap entry from shmem / tmpfs ,
* it is returned without further action .
*
* Return : The folio , swap or shadow entry , % NULL if nothing is found .
*/
void *filemap_get_entry(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t index)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, index);
struct folio *folio;
rcu_read_lock();
repeat:
xas_reset(&xas);
folio = xas_load(&xas);
if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))
goto repeat;
/*
* A shadow entry of a recently evicted page , or a swap entry from
* shmem / tmpfs . Return it without attempting to raise page count .
*/
if (!folio || xa_is_value(folio))
goto out;
if (!folio_try_get(folio))
goto repeat;
if (unlikely(folio != xas_reload(&xas))) {
folio_put(folio);
goto repeat;
}
out:
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio;
}
/**
* _ _ filemap_get_folio - Find and get a reference to a folio .
* @ mapping : The address_space to search .
* @ index : The page index .
* @ fgp_flags : % FGP flags modify how the folio is returned .
* @ gfp : Memory allocation flags to use if % FGP_CREAT is specified .
*
* Looks up the page cache entry at @ mapping & @ index .
*
* If % FGP_LOCK or % FGP_CREAT are specified then the function may sleep even
* if the % GFP flags specified for % FGP_CREAT are atomic .
*
* If this function returns a folio , it is returned with an increased refcount .
*
* Return : The found folio or an ERR_PTR ( ) otherwise .
*/
struct folio *__filemap_get_folio(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t index,
fgf_t fgp_flags, gfp_t gfp)
{
struct folio *folio;
repeat:
folio = filemap_get_entry(mapping, index);
if (xa_is_value(folio))
folio = NULL;
if (!folio)
goto no_page;
if (fgp_flags & FGP_LOCK) {
if (fgp_flags & FGP_NOWAIT) {
if (!folio_trylock(folio)) {
folio_put(folio);
return ERR_PTR(-EAGAIN);
}
} else {
folio_lock(folio);
}
/* Has the page been truncated? */
if (unlikely(folio->mapping != mapping)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto repeat;
}
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_contains(folio, index), folio);
}
if (fgp_flags & FGP_ACCESSED)
folio_mark_accessed(folio);
else if (fgp_flags & FGP_WRITE) {
/* Clear idle flag for buffer write */
if (folio_test_idle(folio))
folio_clear_idle(folio);
}
if (fgp_flags & FGP_STABLE)
folio_wait_stable(folio);
no_page:
if (!folio && (fgp_flags & FGP_CREAT)) {
unsigned int min_order = mapping_min_folio_order(mapping);
unsigned int order = max(min_order, FGF_GET_ORDER(fgp_flags));
int err;
index = mapping_align_index(mapping, index);
if ((fgp_flags & FGP_WRITE) && mapping_can_writeback(mapping))
gfp |= __GFP_WRITE;
if (fgp_flags & FGP_NOFS)
gfp &= ~__GFP_FS;
if (fgp_flags & FGP_NOWAIT) {
gfp &= ~GFP_KERNEL;
gfp |= GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN;
}
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(fgp_flags & (FGP_LOCK | FGP_FOR_MMAP))))
fgp_flags |= FGP_LOCK;
if (order > mapping_max_folio_order(mapping))
order = mapping_max_folio_order(mapping);
/* If we're not aligned, allocate a smaller folio */
if (index & ((1 UL << order) - 1 ))
order = __ffs(index);
do {
gfp_t alloc_gfp = gfp;
err = -ENOMEM;
if (order > min_order)
alloc_gfp |= __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN;
folio = filemap_alloc_folio(alloc_gfp, order);
if (!folio)
continue ;
/* Init accessed so avoid atomic mark_page_accessed later */
if (fgp_flags & FGP_ACCESSED)
__folio_set_referenced(folio);
if (fgp_flags & FGP_DONTCACHE)
__folio_set_dropbehind(folio);
err = filemap_add_folio(mapping, folio, index, gfp);
if (!err)
break ;
folio_put(folio);
folio = NULL;
} while (order-- > min_order);
if (err == -EEXIST)
goto repeat;
if (err) {
/*
* When NOWAIT I / O fails to allocate folios this could
* be due to a nonblocking memory allocation and not
* because the system actually is out of memory .
* Return - EAGAIN so that there caller retries in a
* blocking fashion instead of propagating - ENOMEM
* to the application .
*/
if ((fgp_flags & FGP_NOWAIT) && err == -ENOMEM)
err = -EAGAIN;
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
/*
* filemap_add_folio locks the page , and for mmap
* we expect an unlocked page .
*/
if (folio && (fgp_flags & FGP_FOR_MMAP))
folio_unlock(folio);
}
if (!folio)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
/* not an uncached lookup, clear uncached if set */
if (folio_test_dropbehind(folio) && !(fgp_flags & FGP_DONTCACHE))
folio_clear_dropbehind(folio);
return folio;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__filemap_get_folio);
static inline struct folio *find_get_entry(struct xa_state *xas, pgoff_t max,
xa_mark_t mark)
{
struct folio *folio;
retry:
if (mark == XA_PRESENT)
folio = xas_find(xas, max);
else
folio = xas_find_marked(xas, max, mark);
if (xas_retry(xas, folio))
goto retry;
/*
* A shadow entry of a recently evicted page , a swap
* entry from shmem / tmpfs or a DAX entry . Return it
* without attempting to raise page count .
*/
if (!folio || xa_is_value(folio))
return folio;
if (!folio_try_get(folio))
goto reset;
if (unlikely(folio != xas_reload(xas))) {
folio_put(folio);
goto reset;
}
return folio;
reset:
xas_reset(xas);
goto retry;
}
/**
* find_get_entries - gang pagecache lookup
* @ mapping : The address_space to search
* @ start : The starting page cache index
* @ end : The final page index ( inclusive ) .
* @ fbatch : Where the resulting entries are placed .
* @ indices : The cache indices corresponding to the entries in @ entries
*
* find_get_entries ( ) will search for and return a batch of entries in
* the mapping . The entries are placed in @ fbatch . find_get_entries ( )
* takes a reference on any actual folios it returns .
*
* The entries have ascending indexes . The indices may not be consecutive
* due to not - present entries or large folios .
*
* Any shadow entries of evicted folios , or swap entries from
* shmem / tmpfs , are included in the returned array .
*
* Return : The number of entries which were found .
*/
unsigned find_get_entries(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *start,
pgoff_t end, struct folio_batch *fbatch, pgoff_t *indices)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, *start);
struct folio *folio;
rcu_read_lock();
while ((folio = find_get_entry(&xas, end, XA_PRESENT)) != NULL) {
indices[fbatch->nr] = xas.xa_index;
if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio))
break ;
}
if (folio_batch_count(fbatch)) {
unsigned long nr;
int idx = folio_batch_count(fbatch) - 1 ;
folio = fbatch->folios[idx];
if (!xa_is_value(folio))
nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
else
nr = 1 << xa_get_order(&mapping->i_pages, indices[idx]);
*start = round_down(indices[idx] + nr, nr);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio_batch_count(fbatch);
}
/**
* find_lock_entries - Find a batch of pagecache entries .
* @ mapping : The address_space to search .
* @ start : The starting page cache index .
* @ end : The final page index ( inclusive ) .
* @ fbatch : Where the resulting entries are placed .
* @ indices : The cache indices of the entries in @ fbatch .
*
* find_lock_entries ( ) will return a batch of entries from @ mapping .
* Swap , shadow and DAX entries are included . Folios are returned
* locked and with an incremented refcount . Folios which are locked
* by somebody else or under writeback are skipped . Folios which are
* partially outside the range are not returned .
*
* The entries have ascending indexes . The indices may not be consecutive
* due to not - present entries , large folios , folios which could not be
* locked or folios under writeback .
*
* Return : The number of entries which were found .
*/
unsigned find_lock_entries(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *start,
pgoff_t end, struct folio_batch *fbatch, pgoff_t *indices)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, *start);
struct folio *folio;
rcu_read_lock();
while ((folio = find_get_entry(&xas, end, XA_PRESENT))) {
unsigned long base;
unsigned long nr;
if (!xa_is_value(folio)) {
nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
base = folio->index;
/* Omit large folio which begins before the start */
if (base < *start)
goto put;
/* Omit large folio which extends beyond the end */
if (base + nr - 1 > end)
goto put;
if (!folio_trylock(folio))
goto put;
if (folio->mapping != mapping ||
folio_test_writeback(folio))
goto unlock;
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_contains(folio, xas.xa_index),
folio);
} else {
nr = 1 << xas_get_order(&xas);
base = xas.xa_index & ~(nr - 1 );
/* Omit order>0 value which begins before the start */
if (base < *start)
continue ;
/* Omit order>0 value which extends beyond the end */
if (base + nr - 1 > end)
break ;
}
/* Update start now so that last update is correct on return */
*start = base + nr;
indices[fbatch->nr] = xas.xa_index;
if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio))
break ;
continue ;
unlock:
folio_unlock(folio);
put:
folio_put(folio);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio_batch_count(fbatch);
}
/**
* filemap_get_folios - Get a batch of folios
* @ mapping : The address_space to search
* @ start : The starting page index
* @ end : The final page index ( inclusive )
* @ fbatch : The batch to fill .
*
* Search for and return a batch of folios in the mapping starting at
* index @ start and up to index @ end ( inclusive ) . The folios are returned
* in @ fbatch with an elevated reference count .
*
* Return : The number of folios which were found .
* We also update @ start to index the next folio for the traversal .
*/
unsigned filemap_get_folios(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *start,
pgoff_t end, struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
return filemap_get_folios_tag(mapping, start, end, XA_PRESENT, fbatch);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_get_folios);
/**
* filemap_get_folios_contig - Get a batch of contiguous folios
* @ mapping : The address_space to search
* @ start : The starting page index
* @ end : The final page index ( inclusive )
* @ fbatch : The batch to fill
*
* filemap_get_folios_contig ( ) works exactly like filemap_get_folios ( ) ,
* except the returned folios are guaranteed to be contiguous . This may
* not return all contiguous folios if the batch gets filled up .
*
* Return : The number of folios found .
* Also update @ start to be positioned for traversal of the next folio .
*/
unsigned filemap_get_folios_contig(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t *start, pgoff_t end, struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, *start);
unsigned long nr;
struct folio *folio;
rcu_read_lock();
for (folio = xas_load(&xas); folio && xas.xa_index <= end;
folio = xas_next(&xas)) {
if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))
continue ;
/*
* If the entry has been swapped out , we can stop looking .
* No current caller is looking for DAX entries .
*/
if (xa_is_value(folio))
goto update_start;
/* If we landed in the middle of a THP, continue at its end. */
if (xa_is_sibling(folio))
goto update_start;
if (!folio_try_get(folio))
goto retry;
if (unlikely(folio != xas_reload(&xas)))
goto put_folio;
if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio)) {
nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
*start = folio->index + nr;
goto out;
}
xas_advance(&xas, folio_next_index(folio) - 1 );
continue ;
put_folio:
folio_put(folio);
retry:
xas_reset(&xas);
}
update_start:
nr = folio_batch_count(fbatch);
if (nr) {
folio = fbatch->folios[nr - 1 ];
*start = folio_next_index(folio);
}
out:
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio_batch_count(fbatch);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_get_folios_contig);
/**
* filemap_get_folios_tag - Get a batch of folios matching @ tag
* @ mapping : The address_space to search
* @ start : The starting page index
* @ end : The final page index ( inclusive )
* @ tag : The tag index
* @ fbatch : The batch to fill
*
* The first folio may start before @ start ; if it does , it will contain
* @ start . The final folio may extend beyond @ end ; if it does , it will
* contain @ end . The folios have ascending indices . There may be gaps
* between the folios if there are indices which have no folio in the
* page cache . If folios are added to or removed from the page cache
* while this is running , they may or may not be found by this call .
* Only returns folios that are tagged with @ tag .
*
* Return : The number of folios found .
* Also update @ start to index the next folio for traversal .
*/
unsigned filemap_get_folios_tag(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t *start,
pgoff_t end, xa_mark_t tag, struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, *start);
struct folio *folio;
rcu_read_lock();
while ((folio = find_get_entry(&xas, end, tag)) != NULL) {
/*
* Shadow entries should never be tagged , but this iteration
* is lockless so there is a window for page reclaim to evict
* a page we saw tagged . Skip over it .
*/
if (xa_is_value(folio))
continue ;
if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio)) {
unsigned long nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
*start = folio->index + nr;
goto out;
}
}
/*
* We come here when there is no page beyond @ end . We take care to not
* overflow the index @ start as it confuses some of the callers . This
* breaks the iteration when there is a page at index - 1 but that is
* already broke anyway .
*/
if (end == (pgoff_t)-1 )
*start = (pgoff_t)-1 ;
else
*start = end + 1 ;
out:
rcu_read_unlock();
return folio_batch_count(fbatch);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_get_folios_tag);
/*
* CD / DVDs are error prone . When a medium error occurs , the driver may fail
* a _ large_ part of the i / o request . Imagine the worst scenario :
*
* - - - R__________________________________________B__________
* ^ reading here ^ bad block ( assume 4 k )
*
* read ( R ) = > miss = > readahead ( R . . . B ) = > media error = > frustrating retries
* = > failing the whole request = > read ( R ) = > read ( R + 1 ) = >
* readahead ( R + 1 . . . B + 1 ) = > bang = > read ( R + 2 ) = > read ( R + 3 ) = >
* readahead ( R + 3 . . . B + 2 ) = > bang = > read ( R + 3 ) = > read ( R + 4 ) = >
* readahead ( R + 4 . . . B + 3 ) = > bang = > read ( R + 4 ) = > read ( R + 5 ) = > . . . . . .
*
* It is going insane . Fix it by quickly scaling down the readahead size .
*/
static void shrink_readahead_size_eio(struct file_ra_state *ra)
{
ra->ra_pages /= 4 ;
}
/*
* filemap_get_read_batch - Get a batch of folios for read
*
* Get a batch of folios which represent a contiguous range of bytes in
* the file . No exceptional entries will be returned . If @ index is in
* the middle of a folio , the entire folio will be returned . The last
* folio in the batch may have the readahead flag set or the uptodate flag
* clear so that the caller can take the appropriate action .
*/
static void filemap_get_read_batch(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, pgoff_t max, struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, index);
struct folio *folio;
rcu_read_lock();
for (folio = xas_load(&xas); folio; folio = xas_next(&xas)) {
if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))
continue ;
if (xas.xa_index > max || xa_is_value(folio))
break ;
if (xa_is_sibling(folio))
break ;
if (!folio_try_get(folio))
goto retry;
if (unlikely(folio != xas_reload(&xas)))
goto put_folio;
if (!folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio))
break ;
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
break ;
if (folio_test_readahead(folio))
break ;
xas_advance(&xas, folio_next_index(folio) - 1 );
continue ;
put_folio:
folio_put(folio);
retry:
xas_reset(&xas);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
}
static int filemap_read_folio(struct file *file, filler_t filler,
struct folio *folio)
{
bool workingset = folio_test_workingset(folio);
unsigned long pflags;
int error;
/* Start the actual read. The read will unlock the page. */
if (unlikely(workingset))
psi_memstall_enter(&pflags);
error = filler(file, folio);
if (unlikely(workingset))
psi_memstall_leave(&pflags);
if (error)
return error;
error = folio_wait_locked_killable(folio);
if (error)
return error;
if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
return 0 ;
if (file)
shrink_readahead_size_eio(&file->f_ra);
return -EIO;
}
static bool filemap_range_uptodate(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t pos, size_t count, struct folio *folio,
bool need_uptodate)
{
if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
return true ;
/* pipes can't handle partially uptodate pages */
if (need_uptodate)
return false ;
if (!mapping->a_ops->is_partially_uptodate)
return false ;
if (mapping->host->i_blkbits >= folio_shift(folio))
return false ;
if (folio_pos(folio) > pos) {
count -= folio_pos(folio) - pos;
pos = 0 ;
} else {
pos -= folio_pos(folio);
}
return mapping->a_ops->is_partially_uptodate(folio, pos, count);
}
static int filemap_update_page(struct kiocb *iocb,
struct address_space *mapping, size_t count,
struct folio *folio, bool need_uptodate)
{
int error;
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
if (!filemap_invalidate_trylock_shared(mapping))
return -EAGAIN;
} else {
filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
}
if (!folio_trylock(folio)) {
error = -EAGAIN;
if (iocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_NOIO))
goto unlock_mapping;
if (!(iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_WAITQ)) {
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
/*
* This is where we usually end up waiting for a
* previously submitted readahead to finish .
*/
folio_put_wait_locked(folio, TASK_KILLABLE);
return AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE;
}
error = __folio_lock_async(folio, iocb->ki_waitq);
if (error)
goto unlock_mapping;
}
error = AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE;
if (!folio->mapping)
goto unlock;
error = 0 ;
if (filemap_range_uptodate(mapping, iocb->ki_pos, count, folio,
need_uptodate))
goto unlock;
error = -EAGAIN;
if (iocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOIO | IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_WAITQ))
goto unlock;
error = filemap_read_folio(iocb->ki_filp, mapping->a_ops->read_folio,
folio);
goto unlock_mapping;
unlock:
folio_unlock(folio);
unlock_mapping:
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
if (error == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
folio_put(folio);
return error;
}
static int filemap_create_folio(struct kiocb *iocb, struct folio_batch *fbatch)
{
struct address_space *mapping = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping;
struct folio *folio;
int error;
unsigned int min_order = mapping_min_folio_order(mapping);
pgoff_t index;
if (iocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_WAITQ))
return -EAGAIN;
folio = filemap_alloc_folio(mapping_gfp_mask(mapping), min_order);
if (!folio)
return -ENOMEM;
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DONTCACHE)
__folio_set_dropbehind(folio);
/*
* Protect against truncate / hole punch . Grabbing invalidate_lock
* here assures we cannot instantiate and bring uptodate new
* pagecache folios after evicting page cache during truncate
* and before actually freeing blocks . Note that we could
* release invalidate_lock after inserting the folio into
* the page cache as the locked folio would then be enough to
* synchronize with hole punching . But there are code paths
* such as filemap_update_page ( ) filling in partially uptodate
* pages or - > readahead ( ) that need to hold invalidate_lock
* while mapping blocks for IO so let ' s hold the lock here as
* well to keep locking rules simple .
*/
filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
index = (iocb->ki_pos >> (PAGE_SHIFT + min_order)) << min_order;
error = filemap_add_folio(mapping, folio, index,
mapping_gfp_constraint(mapping, GFP_KERNEL));
if (error == -EEXIST)
error = AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE;
if (error)
goto error;
error = filemap_read_folio(iocb->ki_filp, mapping->a_ops->read_folio,
folio);
if (error)
goto error;
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
folio_batch_add(fbatch, folio);
return 0 ;
error:
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
folio_put(folio);
return error;
}
static int filemap_readahead(struct kiocb *iocb, struct file *file,
struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio,
pgoff_t last_index)
{
DEFINE_READAHEAD(ractl, file, &file->f_ra, mapping, folio->index);
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOIO)
return -EAGAIN;
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DONTCACHE)
ractl.dropbehind = 1 ;
page_cache_async_ra(&ractl, folio, last_index - folio->index);
return 0 ;
}
static int filemap_get_pages(struct kiocb *iocb, size_t count,
struct folio_batch *fbatch, bool need_uptodate)
{
struct file *filp = iocb->ki_filp;
struct address_space *mapping = filp->f_mapping;
pgoff_t index = iocb->ki_pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pgoff_t last_index;
struct folio *folio;
unsigned int flags;
int err = 0 ;
/* "last_index" is the index of the page beyond the end of the read */
last_index = DIV_ROUND_UP(iocb->ki_pos + count, PAGE_SIZE);
retry:
if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
return -EINTR;
filemap_get_read_batch(mapping, index, last_index - 1 , fbatch);
if (!folio_batch_count(fbatch)) {
DEFINE_READAHEAD(ractl, filp, &filp->f_ra, mapping, index);
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOIO)
return -EAGAIN;
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
flags = memalloc_noio_save();
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DONTCACHE)
ractl.dropbehind = 1 ;
page_cache_sync_ra(&ractl, last_index - index);
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
memalloc_noio_restore(flags);
filemap_get_read_batch(mapping, index, last_index - 1 , fbatch);
}
if (!folio_batch_count(fbatch)) {
err = filemap_create_folio(iocb, fbatch);
if (err == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
goto retry;
return err;
}
folio = fbatch->folios[folio_batch_count(fbatch) - 1 ];
if (folio_test_readahead(folio)) {
err = filemap_readahead(iocb, filp, mapping, folio, last_index);
if (err)
goto err;
}
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
if ((iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_WAITQ) &&
folio_batch_count(fbatch) > 1 )
iocb->ki_flags |= IOCB_NOWAIT;
err = filemap_update_page(iocb, mapping, count, folio,
need_uptodate);
if (err)
goto err;
}
trace_mm_filemap_get_pages(mapping, index, last_index - 1 );
return 0 ;
err:
if (err < 0 )
folio_put(folio);
if (likely(--fbatch->nr))
return 0 ;
if (err == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
goto retry;
return err;
}
static inline bool pos_same_folio(loff_t pos1, loff_t pos2, struct folio *folio)
{
unsigned int shift = folio_shift(folio);
return (pos1 >> shift == pos2 >> shift);
}
static void filemap_end_dropbehind_read(struct folio *folio)
{
if (!folio_test_dropbehind(folio))
return ;
if (folio_test_writeback(folio) || folio_test_dirty(folio))
return ;
if (folio_trylock(folio)) {
filemap_end_dropbehind(folio);
folio_unlock(folio);
}
}
/**
* filemap_read - Read data from the page cache .
* @ iocb : The iocb to read .
* @ iter : Destination for the data .
* @ already_read : Number of bytes already read by the caller .
*
* Copies data from the page cache . If the data is not currently present ,
* uses the readahead and read_folio address_space operations to fetch it .
*
* Return : Total number of bytes copied , including those already read by
* the caller . If an error happens before any bytes are copied , returns
* a negative error number .
*/
ssize_t filemap_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
ssize_t already_read)
{
struct file *filp = iocb->ki_filp;
struct file_ra_state *ra = &filp->f_ra;
struct address_space *mapping = filp->f_mapping;
struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
struct folio_batch fbatch;
int i, error = 0 ;
bool writably_mapped;
loff_t isize, end_offset;
loff_t last_pos = ra->prev_pos;
if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos < 0 ))
return -EINVAL;
if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos >= inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes))
return 0 ;
if (unlikely(!iov_iter_count(iter)))
return 0 ;
iov_iter_truncate(iter, inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes - iocb->ki_pos);
folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
do {
cond_resched();
/*
* If we ' ve already successfully copied some data , then we
* can no longer safely return - EIOCBQUEUED . Hence mark
* an async read NOWAIT at that point .
*/
if ((iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_WAITQ) && already_read)
iocb->ki_flags |= IOCB_NOWAIT;
if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos >= i_size_read(inode)))
break ;
error = filemap_get_pages(iocb, iter->count, &fbatch, false );
if (error < 0 )
break ;
/*
* i_size must be checked after we know the pages are Uptodate .
*
* Checking i_size after the check allows us to calculate
* the correct value for " nr " , which means the zero - filled
* part of the page is not copied back to userspace ( unless
* another truncate extends the file - this is desired though ) .
*/
isize = i_size_read(inode);
if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos >= isize))
goto put_folios;
end_offset = min_t(loff_t, isize, iocb->ki_pos + iter->count);
/*
* Once we start copying data , we don ' t want to be touching any
* cachelines that might be contended :
*/
writably_mapped = mapping_writably_mapped(mapping);
/*
* When a read accesses the same folio several times , only
* mark it as accessed the first time .
*/
if (!pos_same_folio(iocb->ki_pos, last_pos - 1 ,
fbatch.folios[0 ]))
folio_mark_accessed(fbatch.folios[0 ]);
for (i = 0 ; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
size_t fsize = folio_size(folio);
size_t offset = iocb->ki_pos & (fsize - 1 );
size_t bytes = min_t(loff_t, end_offset - iocb->ki_pos,
fsize - offset);
size_t copied;
if (end_offset < folio_pos(folio))
break ;
if (i > 0 )
folio_mark_accessed(folio);
/*
* If users can be writing to this folio using arbitrary
* virtual addresses , take care of potential aliasing
* before reading the folio on the kernel side .
*/
if (writably_mapped)
flush_dcache_folio(folio);
copied = copy_folio_to_iter(folio, offset, bytes, iter);
already_read += copied;
iocb->ki_pos += copied;
last_pos = iocb->ki_pos;
if (copied < bytes) {
error = -EFAULT;
break ;
}
}
put_folios:
for (i = 0 ; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
filemap_end_dropbehind_read(folio);
folio_put(folio);
}
folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
} while (iov_iter_count(iter) && iocb->ki_pos < isize && !error);
file_accessed(filp);
ra->prev_pos = last_pos;
return already_read ? already_read : error;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(filemap_read);
int kiocb_write_and_wait(struct kiocb *iocb, size_t count)
{
struct address_space *mapping = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping;
loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
loff_t end = pos + count - 1 ;
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
if (filemap_range_needs_writeback(mapping, pos, end))
return -EAGAIN;
return 0 ;
}
return filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping, pos, end);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kiocb_write_and_wait);
int filemap_invalidate_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
loff_t pos, loff_t end, bool nowait)
{
int ret;
if (nowait) {
/* we could block if there are any pages in the range */
if (filemap_range_has_page(mapping, pos, end))
return -EAGAIN;
} else {
ret = filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping, pos, end);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
/*
* After a write we want buffered reads to be sure to go to disk to get
* the new data . We invalidate clean cached page from the region we ' re
* about to write . We do this * before * the write so that we can return
* without clobbering - EIOCBQUEUED from - > direct_IO ( ) .
*/
return invalidate_inode_pages2_range(mapping, pos >> PAGE_SHIFT,
end >> PAGE_SHIFT);
}
int kiocb_invalidate_pages(struct kiocb *iocb, size_t count)
{
struct address_space *mapping = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping;
return filemap_invalidate_pages(mapping, iocb->ki_pos,
iocb->ki_pos + count - 1 ,
iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kiocb_invalidate_pages);
/**
* generic_file_read_iter - generic filesystem read routine
* @ iocb : kernel I / O control block
* @ iter : destination for the data read
*
* This is the " read_iter ( ) " routine for all filesystems
* that can use the page cache directly .
*
* The IOCB_NOWAIT flag in iocb - > ki_flags indicates that - EAGAIN shall
* be returned when no data can be read without waiting for I / O requests
* to complete ; it doesn ' t prevent readahead .
*
* The IOCB_NOIO flag in iocb - > ki_flags indicates that no new I / O
* requests shall be made for the read or for readahead . When no data
* can be read , - EAGAIN shall be returned . When readahead would be
* triggered , a partial , possibly empty read shall be returned .
*
* Return :
* * number of bytes copied , even for partial reads
* * negative error code ( or 0 if IOCB_NOIO ) if nothing was read
*/
ssize_t
generic_file_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
{
size_t count = iov_iter_count(iter);
ssize_t retval = 0 ;
if (!count)
return 0 ; /* skip atime */
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
retval = kiocb_write_and_wait(iocb, count);
if (retval < 0 )
return retval;
file_accessed(file);
retval = mapping->a_ops->direct_IO(iocb, iter);
if (retval >= 0 ) {
iocb->ki_pos += retval;
count -= retval;
}
if (retval != -EIOCBQUEUED)
iov_iter_revert(iter, count - iov_iter_count(iter));
/*
* Btrfs can have a short DIO read if we encounter
* compressed extents , so if there was an error , or if
* we ' ve already read everything we wanted to , or if
* there was a short read because we hit EOF , go ahead
* and return . Otherwise fallthrough to buffered io for
* the rest of the read . Buffered reads will not work for
* DAX files , so don ' t bother trying .
*/
if (retval < 0 || !count || IS_DAX(inode))
return retval;
if (iocb->ki_pos >= i_size_read(inode))
return retval;
}
return filemap_read(iocb, iter, retval);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_read_iter);
/*
* Splice subpages from a folio into a pipe .
*/
size_t splice_folio_into_pipe(struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
struct folio *folio, loff_t fpos, size_t size)
{
struct page *page;
size_t spliced = 0 , offset = offset_in_folio(folio, fpos);
page = folio_page(folio, offset / PAGE_SIZE);
size = min(size, folio_size(folio) - offset);
offset %= PAGE_SIZE;
while (spliced < size && !pipe_is_full(pipe)) {
struct pipe_buffer *buf = pipe_head_buf(pipe);
size_t part = min_t(size_t, PAGE_SIZE - offset, size - spliced);
*buf = (struct pipe_buffer) {
.ops = &page_cache_pipe_buf_ops,
.page = page,
.offset = offset,
.len = part,
};
folio_get(folio);
pipe->head++;
page++;
spliced += part;
offset = 0 ;
}
return spliced;
}
/**
* filemap_splice_read - Splice data from a file ' s pagecache into a pipe
* @ in : The file to read from
* @ ppos : Pointer to the file position to read from
* @ pipe : The pipe to splice into
* @ len : The amount to splice
* @ flags : The SPLICE_F_ * flags
*
* This function gets folios from a file ' s pagecache and splices them into the
* pipe . Readahead will be called as necessary to fill more folios . This may
* be used for blockdevs also .
*
* Return : On success , the number of bytes read will be returned and * @ ppos
* will be updated if appropriate ; 0 will be returned if there is no more data
* to be read ; - EAGAIN will be returned if the pipe had no space , and some
* other negative error code will be returned on error . A short read may occur
* if the pipe has insufficient space , we reach the end of the data or we hit a
* hole .
*/
ssize_t filemap_splice_read(struct file *in, loff_t *ppos,
struct pipe_inode_info *pipe,
size_t len, unsigned int flags)
{
struct folio_batch fbatch;
struct kiocb iocb;
size_t total_spliced = 0 , used, npages;
loff_t isize, end_offset;
bool writably_mapped;
int i, error = 0 ;
if (unlikely(*ppos >= in->f_mapping->host->i_sb->s_maxbytes))
return 0 ;
init_sync_kiocb(&iocb, in);
iocb.ki_pos = *ppos;
/* Work out how much data we can actually add into the pipe */
used = pipe_buf_usage(pipe);
npages = max_t(ssize_t, pipe->max_usage - used, 0 );
len = min_t(size_t, len, npages * PAGE_SIZE);
folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
do {
cond_resched();
if (*ppos >= i_size_read(in->f_mapping->host))
break ;
iocb.ki_pos = *ppos;
error = filemap_get_pages(&iocb, len, &fbatch, true );
if (error < 0 )
break ;
/*
* i_size must be checked after we know the pages are Uptodate .
*
* Checking i_size after the check allows us to calculate
* the correct value for " nr " , which means the zero - filled
* part of the page is not copied back to userspace ( unless
* another truncate extends the file - this is desired though ) .
*/
isize = i_size_read(in->f_mapping->host);
if (unlikely(*ppos >= isize))
break ;
end_offset = min_t(loff_t, isize, *ppos + len);
/*
* Once we start copying data , we don ' t want to be touching any
* cachelines that might be contended :
*/
writably_mapped = mapping_writably_mapped(in->f_mapping);
for (i = 0 ; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
size_t n;
if (folio_pos(folio) >= end_offset)
goto out;
folio_mark_accessed(folio);
/*
* If users can be writing to this folio using arbitrary
* virtual addresses , take care of potential aliasing
* before reading the folio on the kernel side .
*/
if (writably_mapped)
flush_dcache_folio(folio);
n = min_t(loff_t, len, isize - *ppos);
n = splice_folio_into_pipe(pipe, folio, *ppos, n);
if (!n)
goto out;
len -= n;
total_spliced += n;
*ppos += n;
in->f_ra.prev_pos = *ppos;
if (pipe_is_full(pipe))
goto out;
}
folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
} while (len);
out:
folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
file_accessed(in);
return total_spliced ? total_spliced : error;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_splice_read);
static inline loff_t folio_seek_hole_data(struct xa_state *xas,
struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio,
loff_t start, loff_t end, bool seek_data)
{
const struct address_space_operations *ops = mapping->a_ops;
size_t offset, bsz = i_blocksize(mapping->host);
if (xa_is_value(folio) || folio_test_uptodate(folio))
return seek_data ? start : end;
if (!ops->is_partially_uptodate)
return seek_data ? end : start;
xas_pause(xas);
rcu_read_unlock();
folio_lock(folio);
if (unlikely(folio->mapping != mapping))
goto unlock;
offset = offset_in_folio(folio, start) & ~(bsz - 1 );
do {
if (ops->is_partially_uptodate(folio, offset, bsz) ==
seek_data)
break ;
start = (start + bsz) & ~((u64)bsz - 1 );
offset += bsz;
} while (offset < folio_size(folio));
unlock:
folio_unlock(folio);
rcu_read_lock();
return start;
}
static inline size_t seek_folio_size(struct xa_state *xas, struct folio *folio)
{
if (xa_is_value(folio))
return PAGE_SIZE << xas_get_order(xas);
return folio_size(folio);
}
/**
* mapping_seek_hole_data - Seek for SEEK_DATA / SEEK_HOLE in the page cache .
* @ mapping : Address space to search .
* @ start : First byte to consider .
* @ end : Limit of search ( exclusive ) .
* @ whence : Either SEEK_HOLE or SEEK_DATA .
*
* If the page cache knows which blocks contain holes and which blocks
* contain data , your filesystem can use this function to implement
* SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA . This is useful for filesystems which are
* entirely memory - based such as tmpfs , and filesystems which support
* unwritten extents .
*
* Return : The requested offset on success , or - ENXIO if @ whence specifies
* SEEK_DATA and there is no data after @ start . There is an implicit hole
* after @ end - 1 , so SEEK_HOLE returns @ end if all the bytes between @ start
* and @ end contain data .
*/
loff_t mapping_seek_hole_data(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t start,
loff_t end, int whence)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start >> PAGE_SHIFT);
pgoff_t max = (end - 1 ) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
bool seek_data = (whence == SEEK_DATA);
struct folio *folio;
if (end <= start)
return -ENXIO;
rcu_read_lock();
while ((folio = find_get_entry(&xas, max, XA_PRESENT))) {
loff_t pos = (u64)xas.xa_index << PAGE_SHIFT;
size_t seek_size;
if (start < pos) {
if (!seek_data)
goto unlock;
start = pos;
}
seek_size = seek_folio_size(&xas, folio);
pos = round_up((u64)pos + 1 , seek_size);
start = folio_seek_hole_data(&xas, mapping, folio, start, pos,
seek_data);
if (start < pos)
goto unlock;
if (start >= end)
break ;
if (seek_size > PAGE_SIZE)
xas_set(&xas, pos >> PAGE_SHIFT);
if (!xa_is_value(folio))
folio_put(folio);
}
if (seek_data)
start = -ENXIO;
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
if (folio && !xa_is_value(folio))
folio_put(folio);
if (start > end)
return end;
return start;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
#define MMAP_LOTSAMISS (100 )
/*
* lock_folio_maybe_drop_mmap - lock the page , possibly dropping the mmap_lock
* @ vmf - the vm_fault for this fault .
* @ folio - the folio to lock .
* @ fpin - the pointer to the file we may pin ( or is already pinned ) .
*
* This works similar to lock_folio_or_retry in that it can drop the
* mmap_lock . It differs in that it actually returns the folio locked
* if it returns 1 and 0 if it couldn ' t lock the folio . If we did have
* to drop the mmap_lock then fpin will point to the pinned file and
* needs to be fput ( ) ' ed at a later point .
*/
static int lock_folio_maybe_drop_mmap(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
struct file **fpin)
{
if (folio_trylock(folio))
return 1 ;
/*
* NOTE ! This will make us return with VM_FAULT_RETRY , but with
* the fault lock still held . That ' s how FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT
* is supposed to work . We have way too many special cases . .
*/
if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)
return 0 ;
*fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, *fpin);
if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE) {
if (__folio_lock_killable(folio)) {
/*
* We didn ' t have the right flags to drop the
* fault lock , but all fault_handlers only check
* for fatal signals if we return VM_FAULT_RETRY ,
* so we need to drop the fault lock here and
* return 0 if we don ' t have a fpin .
*/
if (*fpin == NULL)
release_fault_lock(vmf);
return 0 ;
}
} else
__folio_lock(folio);
return 1 ;
}
/*
* Synchronous readahead happens when we don ' t even find a page in the page
* cache at all . We don ' t want to perform IO under the mmap sem , so if we have
* to drop the mmap sem we return the file that was pinned in order for us to do
* that . If we didn ' t pin a file then we return NULL . The file that is
* returned needs to be fput ( ) ' ed when we ' re done with it .
*/
static struct file *do_sync_mmap_readahead(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
struct file *file = vmf->vma->vm_file;
struct file_ra_state *ra = &file->f_ra;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
DEFINE_READAHEAD(ractl, file, ra, mapping, vmf->pgoff);
struct file *fpin = NULL;
vm_flags_t vm_flags = vmf->vma->vm_flags;
unsigned short mmap_miss;
#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
/* Use the readahead code, even if readahead is disabled */
if ((vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE) && HPAGE_PMD_ORDER <= MAX_PAGECACHE_ORDER) {
fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, fpin);
ractl._index &= ~((unsigned long )HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1 );
ra->size = HPAGE_PMD_NR;
/*
* Fetch two PMD folios , so we get the chance to actually
* readahead , unless we ' ve been told not to .
*/
if (!(vm_flags & VM_RAND_READ))
ra->size *= 2 ;
ra->async_size = HPAGE_PMD_NR;
ra->order = HPAGE_PMD_ORDER;
page_cache_ra_order(&ractl, ra);
return fpin;
}
#endif
/*
* If we don ' t want any read - ahead , don ' t bother . VM_EXEC case below is
* already intended for random access .
*/
if ((vm_flags & (VM_RAND_READ | VM_EXEC)) == VM_RAND_READ)
return fpin;
if (!ra->ra_pages)
return fpin;
if (vm_flags & VM_SEQ_READ) {
fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, fpin);
page_cache_sync_ra(&ractl, ra->ra_pages);
return fpin;
}
/* Avoid banging the cache line if not needed */
mmap_miss = READ_ONCE(ra->mmap_miss);
if (mmap_miss < MMAP_LOTSAMISS * 10 )
WRITE_ONCE(ra->mmap_miss, ++mmap_miss);
/*
* Do we miss much more than hit in this file ? If so ,
* stop bothering with read - ahead . It will only hurt .
*/
if (mmap_miss > MMAP_LOTSAMISS)
return fpin;
if (vm_flags & VM_EXEC) {
/*
* Allow arch to request a preferred minimum folio order for
* executable memory . This can often be beneficial to
* performance if ( e . g . ) arm64 can contpte - map the folio .
* Executable memory rarely benefits from readahead , due to its
* random access nature , so set async_size to 0 .
*
* Limit to the boundaries of the VMA to avoid reading in any
* pad that might exist between sections , which would be a waste
* of memory .
*/
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
unsigned long start = vma->vm_pgoff;
unsigned long end = start + vma_pages(vma);
unsigned long ra_end;
ra->order = exec_folio_order();
ra->start = round_down(vmf->pgoff, 1 UL << ra->order);
ra->start = max(ra->start, start);
ra_end = round_up(ra->start + ra->ra_pages, 1 UL << ra->order);
ra_end = min(ra_end, end);
ra->size = ra_end - ra->start;
ra->async_size = 0 ;
} else {
/*
* mmap read - around
*/
ra->start = max_t(long , 0 , vmf->pgoff - ra->ra_pages / 2 );
ra->size = ra->ra_pages;
ra->async_size = ra->ra_pages / 4 ;
ra->order = 0 ;
}
fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, fpin);
ractl._index = ra->start;
page_cache_ra_order(&ractl, ra);
return fpin;
}
/*
* Asynchronous readahead happens when we find the page and PG_readahead ,
* so we want to possibly extend the readahead further . We return the file that
* was pinned if we have to drop the mmap_lock in order to do IO .
*/
static struct file *do_async_mmap_readahead(struct vm_fault *vmf,
struct folio *folio)
{
struct file *file = vmf->vma->vm_file;
struct file_ra_state *ra = &file->f_ra;
DEFINE_READAHEAD(ractl, file, ra, file->f_mapping, vmf->pgoff);
struct file *fpin = NULL;
unsigned short mmap_miss;
/* If we don't want any read-ahead, don't bother */
if (vmf->vma->vm_flags & VM_RAND_READ || !ra->ra_pages)
return fpin;
mmap_miss = READ_ONCE(ra->mmap_miss);
if (mmap_miss)
WRITE_ONCE(ra->mmap_miss, --mmap_miss);
if (folio_test_readahead(folio)) {
fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, fpin);
page_cache_async_ra(&ractl, folio, ra->ra_pages);
}
return fpin;
}
static vm_fault_t filemap_fault_recheck_pte_none(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
vm_fault_t ret = 0 ;
pte_t *ptep;
/*
* We might have COW ' ed a pagecache folio and might now have an mlocked
* anon folio mapped . The original pagecache folio is not mlocked and
* might have been evicted . During a read + clear / modify / write update of
* the PTE , such as done in do_numa_page ( ) / change_pte_range ( ) , we
* temporarily clear the PTE under PT lock and might detect it here as
* " none " when not holding the PT lock .
*
* Not rechecking the PTE under PT lock could result in an unexpected
* major fault in an mlock ' ed region . Recheck only for this special
* scenario while holding the PT lock , to not degrade non - mlocked
* scenarios . Recheck the PTE without PT lock firstly , thereby reducing
* the number of times we hold PT lock .
*/
if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED))
return 0 ;
if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_ORIG_PTE_VALID))
return 0 ;
ptep = pte_offset_map_ro_nolock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd, vmf->address,
&vmf->ptl);
if (unlikely(!ptep))
return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
if (unlikely(!pte_none(ptep_get_lockless(ptep)))) {
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
} else {
spin_lock(vmf->ptl);
if (unlikely(!pte_none(ptep_get(ptep))))
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
}
pte_unmap(ptep);
return ret;
}
/**
* filemap_fault - read in file data for page fault handling
* @ vmf : struct vm_fault containing details of the fault
*
* filemap_fault ( ) is invoked via the vma operations vector for a
* mapped memory region to read in file data during a page fault .
*
* The goto ' s are kind of ugly , but this streamlines the normal case of having
* it in the page cache , and handles the special cases reasonably without
* having a lot of duplicated code .
*
* vma - > vm_mm - > mmap_lock must be held on entry .
*
* If our return value has VM_FAULT_RETRY set , it ' s because the mmap_lock
* may be dropped before doing I / O or by lock_folio_maybe_drop_mmap ( ) .
*
* If our return value does not have VM_FAULT_RETRY set , the mmap_lock
* has not been released .
*
* We never return with VM_FAULT_RETRY and a bit from VM_FAULT_ERROR set .
*
* Return : bitwise - OR of % VM_FAULT_ codes .
*/
vm_fault_t filemap_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
int error;
struct file *file = vmf->vma->vm_file;
struct file *fpin = NULL;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
pgoff_t max_idx, index = vmf->pgoff;
struct folio *folio;
vm_fault_t ret = 0 ;
bool mapping_locked = false ;
max_idx = DIV_ROUND_UP(i_size_read(inode), PAGE_SIZE);
if (unlikely(index >= max_idx))
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
trace_mm_filemap_fault(mapping, index);
/*
* Do we have something in the page cache already ?
*/
folio = filemap_get_folio(mapping, index);
if (likely(!IS_ERR(folio))) {
/*
* We found the page , so try async readahead before waiting for
* the lock .
*/
if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_TRIED))
fpin = do_async_mmap_readahead(vmf, folio);
if (unlikely(!folio_test_uptodate(folio))) {
filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
mapping_locked = true ;
}
} else {
ret = filemap_fault_recheck_pte_none(vmf);
if (unlikely(ret))
return ret;
/* No page in the page cache at all */
count_vm_event(PGMAJFAULT);
count_memcg_event_mm(vmf->vma->vm_mm, PGMAJFAULT);
ret = VM_FAULT_MAJOR;
fpin = do_sync_mmap_readahead(vmf);
retry_find:
/*
* See comment in filemap_create_folio ( ) why we need
* invalidate_lock
*/
if (!mapping_locked) {
filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
mapping_locked = true ;
}
folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, index,
FGP_CREAT|FGP_FOR_MMAP,
vmf->gfp_mask);
if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
if (fpin)
goto out_retry;
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
return VM_FAULT_OOM;
}
}
if (!lock_folio_maybe_drop_mmap(vmf, folio, &fpin))
goto out_retry;
/* Did it get truncated? */
if (unlikely(folio->mapping != mapping)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto retry_find;
}
VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_contains(folio, index), folio);
/*
* We have a locked folio in the page cache , now we need to check
* that it ' s up - to - date . If not , it is going to be due to an error ,
* or because readahead was otherwise unable to retrieve it .
*/
if (unlikely(!folio_test_uptodate(folio))) {
/*
* If the invalidate lock is not held , the folio was in cache
* and uptodate and now it is not . Strange but possible since we
* didn ' t hold the page lock all the time . Let ' s drop
* everything , get the invalidate lock and try again .
*/
if (!mapping_locked) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto retry_find;
}
/*
* OK , the folio is really not uptodate . This can be because the
* VMA has the VM_RAND_READ flag set , or because an error
* arose . Let ' s read it in directly .
*/
goto page_not_uptodate;
}
/*
* We ' ve made it this far and we had to drop our mmap_lock , now is the
* time to return to the upper layer and have it re - find the vma and
* redo the fault .
*/
if (fpin) {
folio_unlock(folio);
goto out_retry;
}
if (mapping_locked)
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
/*
* Found the page and have a reference on it .
* We must recheck i_size under page lock .
*/
max_idx = DIV_ROUND_UP(i_size_read(inode), PAGE_SIZE);
if (unlikely(index >= max_idx)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}
vmf->page = folio_file_page(folio, index);
return ret | VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
page_not_uptodate:
/*
* Umm , take care of errors if the page isn ' t up - to - date .
* Try to re - read it _ once_ . We do this synchronously ,
* because there really aren ' t any performance issues here
* and we need to check for errors .
*/
fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, fpin);
error = filemap_read_folio(file, mapping->a_ops->read_folio, folio);
if (fpin)
goto out_retry;
folio_put(folio);
if (!error || error == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
goto retry_find;
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
out_retry:
/*
* We dropped the mmap_lock , we need to return to the fault handler to
* re - find the vma and come back and find our hopefully still populated
* page .
*/
if (!IS_ERR(folio))
folio_put(folio);
if (mapping_locked)
filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
if (fpin)
fput(fpin);
return ret | VM_FAULT_RETRY;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_fault);
static bool filemap_map_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
pgoff_t start)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = vmf->vma->vm_mm;
/* Huge page is mapped? No need to proceed. */
if (pmd_trans_huge(*vmf->pmd)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
return true ;
}
if (pmd_none(*vmf->pmd) && folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio)) {
struct page *page = folio_file_page(folio, start);
vm_fault_t ret = do_set_pmd(vmf, folio, page);
if (!ret) {
/* The page is mapped successfully, reference consumed. */
folio_unlock(folio);
return true ;
}
}
if (pmd_none(*vmf->pmd) && vmf->prealloc_pte)
pmd_install(mm, vmf->pmd, &vmf->prealloc_pte);
return false ;
}
static struct folio *next_uptodate_folio(struct xa_state *xas,
struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t end_pgoff)
{
struct folio *folio = xas_next_entry(xas, end_pgoff);
unsigned long max_idx;
do {
if (!folio)
return NULL;
if (xas_retry(xas, folio))
continue ;
if (xa_is_value(folio))
continue ;
if (!folio_try_get(folio))
continue ;
if (folio_test_locked(folio))
goto skip;
/* Has the page moved or been split? */
if (unlikely(folio != xas_reload(xas)))
goto skip;
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio) || folio_test_readahead(folio))
goto skip;
if (!folio_trylock(folio))
goto skip;
if (folio->mapping != mapping)
goto unlock;
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
goto unlock;
max_idx = DIV_ROUND_UP(i_size_read(mapping->host), PAGE_SIZE);
if (xas->xa_index >= max_idx)
goto unlock;
return folio;
unlock:
folio_unlock(folio);
skip:
folio_put(folio);
} while ((folio = xas_next_entry(xas, end_pgoff)) != NULL);
return NULL;
}
/*
* Map page range [ start_page , start_page + nr_pages ) of folio .
* start_page is gotten from start by folio_page ( folio , start )
*/
static vm_fault_t filemap_map_folio_range(struct vm_fault *vmf,
struct folio *folio, unsigned long start,
unsigned long addr, unsigned int nr_pages,
unsigned long *rss, unsigned short *mmap_miss)
{
vm_fault_t ret = 0 ;
struct page *page = folio_page(folio, start);
unsigned int count = 0 ;
pte_t *old_ptep = vmf->pte;
do {
if (PageHWPoison(page + count))
goto skip;
/*
* If there are too many folios that are recently evicted
* in a file , they will probably continue to be evicted .
* In such situation , read - ahead is only a waste of IO .
* Don ' t decrease mmap_miss in this scenario to make sure
* we can stop read - ahead .
*/
if (!folio_test_workingset(folio))
(*mmap_miss)++;
/*
* NOTE : If there ' re PTE markers , we ' ll leave them to be
* handled in the specific fault path , and it ' ll prohibit the
* fault - around logic .
*/
if (!pte_none(ptep_get(&vmf->pte[count])))
goto skip;
count++;
continue ;
skip:
if (count) {
set_pte_range(vmf, folio, page, count, addr);
*rss += count;
folio_ref_add(folio, count);
if (in_range(vmf->address, addr, count * PAGE_SIZE))
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}
count++;
page += count;
vmf->pte += count;
addr += count * PAGE_SIZE;
count = 0 ;
} while (--nr_pages > 0 );
if (count) {
set_pte_range(vmf, folio, page, count, addr);
*rss += count;
folio_ref_add(folio, count);
if (in_range(vmf->address, addr, count * PAGE_SIZE))
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}
vmf->pte = old_ptep;
return ret;
}
static vm_fault_t filemap_map_order0_folio(struct vm_fault *vmf,
struct folio *folio, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long *rss, unsigned short *mmap_miss)
{
vm_fault_t ret = 0 ;
struct page *page = &folio->page;
if (PageHWPoison(page))
return ret;
/* See comment of filemap_map_folio_range() */
if (!folio_test_workingset(folio))
(*mmap_miss)++;
/*
* NOTE : If there ' re PTE markers , we ' ll leave them to be
* handled in the specific fault path , and it ' ll prohibit
* the fault - around logic .
*/
if (!pte_none(ptep_get(vmf->pte)))
return ret;
if (vmf->address == addr)
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
set_pte_range(vmf, folio, page, 1 , addr);
(*rss)++;
folio_ref_inc(folio);
return ret;
}
vm_fault_t filemap_map_pages(struct vm_fault *vmf,
pgoff_t start_pgoff, pgoff_t end_pgoff)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
pgoff_t file_end, last_pgoff = start_pgoff;
unsigned long addr;
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, start_pgoff);
struct folio *folio;
vm_fault_t ret = 0 ;
unsigned long rss = 0 ;
unsigned int nr_pages = 0 , folio_type;
unsigned short mmap_miss = 0 , mmap_miss_saved;
bool can_map_large;
rcu_read_lock();
folio = next_uptodate_folio(&xas, mapping, end_pgoff);
if (!folio)
goto out;
file_end = DIV_ROUND_UP(i_size_read(mapping->host), PAGE_SIZE) - 1 ;
end_pgoff = min(end_pgoff, file_end);
/*
* Do not allow to map with PTEs beyond i_size and with PMD
* across i_size to preserve SIGBUS semantics .
*
* Make an exception for shmem / tmpfs that for long time
* intentionally mapped with PMDs across i_size .
*/
can_map_large = shmem_mapping(mapping) ||
file_end >= folio_next_index(folio);
if (can_map_large && filemap_map_pmd(vmf, folio, start_pgoff)) {
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
goto out;
}
addr = vma->vm_start + ((start_pgoff - vma->vm_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT);
vmf->pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd, addr, &vmf->ptl);
if (!vmf->pte) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto out;
}
folio_type = mm_counter_file(folio);
do {
unsigned long end;
addr += (xas.xa_index - last_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT;
vmf->pte += xas.xa_index - last_pgoff;
last_pgoff = xas.xa_index;
end = folio_next_index(folio) - 1 ;
nr_pages = min(end, end_pgoff) - xas.xa_index + 1 ;
if (!folio_test_large(folio))
ret |= filemap_map_order0_folio(vmf,
folio, addr, &rss, &mmap_miss);
else
ret |= filemap_map_folio_range(vmf, folio,
xas.xa_index - folio->index, addr,
nr_pages, &rss, &mmap_miss);
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
} while ((folio = next_uptodate_folio(&xas, mapping, end_pgoff)) != NULL);
add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, folio_type, rss);
pte_unmap_unlock(vmf->pte, vmf->ptl);
trace_mm_filemap_map_pages(mapping, start_pgoff, end_pgoff);
out:
rcu_read_unlock();
mmap_miss_saved = READ_ONCE(file->f_ra.mmap_miss);
if (mmap_miss >= mmap_miss_saved)
WRITE_ONCE(file->f_ra.mmap_miss, 0 );
else
WRITE_ONCE(file->f_ra.mmap_miss, mmap_miss_saved - mmap_miss);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_map_pages);
vm_fault_t filemap_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
struct address_space *mapping = vmf->vma->vm_file->f_mapping;
struct folio *folio = page_folio(vmf->page);
vm_fault_t ret = VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
sb_start_pagefault(mapping->host->i_sb);
file_update_time(vmf->vma->vm_file);
folio_lock(folio);
if (folio->mapping != mapping) {
folio_unlock(folio);
ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
goto out;
}
/*
* We mark the folio dirty already here so that when freeze is in
* progress , we are guaranteed that writeback during freezing will
* see the dirty folio and writeprotect it again .
*/
folio_mark_dirty(folio);
folio_wait_stable(folio);
out:
sb_end_pagefault(mapping->host->i_sb);
return ret;
}
const struct vm_operations_struct generic_file_vm_ops = {
.fault = filemap_fault,
.map_pages = filemap_map_pages,
.page_mkwrite = filemap_page_mkwrite,
};
/* This is used for a general mmap of a disk file */
int generic_file_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
if (!mapping->a_ops->read_folio)
return -ENOEXEC;
file_accessed(file);
vma->vm_ops = &generic_file_vm_ops;
return 0 ;
}
int generic_file_mmap_prepare(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
struct file *file = desc->file;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
if (!mapping->a_ops->read_folio)
return -ENOEXEC;
file_accessed(file);
desc->vm_ops = &generic_file_vm_ops;
return 0 ;
}
/*
* This is for filesystems which do not implement - > writepage .
*/
int generic_file_readonly_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
if (vma_is_shared_maywrite(vma))
return -EINVAL;
return generic_file_mmap(file, vma);
}
int generic_file_readonly_mmap_prepare(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
if (is_shared_maywrite(desc->vm_flags))
return -EINVAL;
return generic_file_mmap_prepare(desc);
}
#else
vm_fault_t filemap_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}
int generic_file_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
return -ENOSYS;
}
int generic_file_mmap_prepare(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
return -ENOSYS;
}
int generic_file_readonly_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
return -ENOSYS;
}
int generic_file_readonly_mmap_prepare(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
return -ENOSYS;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_page_mkwrite);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_mmap);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_mmap_prepare);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_readonly_mmap);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_readonly_mmap_prepare);
static struct folio *do_read_cache_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, filler_t filler, struct file *file, gfp_t gfp)
{
struct folio *folio;
int err;
if (!filler)
filler = mapping->a_ops->read_folio;
repeat:
folio = filemap_get_folio(mapping, index);
if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
folio = filemap_alloc_folio(gfp,
mapping_min_folio_order(mapping));
if (!folio)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
index = mapping_align_index(mapping, index);
err = filemap_add_folio(mapping, folio, index, gfp);
if (unlikely(err)) {
folio_put(folio);
if (err == -EEXIST)
goto repeat;
/* Presumably ENOMEM for xarray node */
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
goto filler;
}
if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
goto out;
if (!folio_trylock(folio)) {
folio_put_wait_locked(folio, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
goto repeat;
}
/* Folio was truncated from mapping */
if (!folio->mapping) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto repeat;
}
/* Someone else locked and filled the page in a very small window */
if (folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
goto out;
}
filler:
err = filemap_read_folio(file, filler, folio);
if (err) {
folio_put(folio);
if (err == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
goto repeat;
return ERR_PTR(err);
}
out:
folio_mark_accessed(folio);
return folio;
}
/**
* read_cache_folio - Read into page cache , fill it if needed .
* @ mapping : The address_space to read from .
* @ index : The index to read .
* @ filler : Function to perform the read , or NULL to use aops - > read_folio ( ) .
* @ file : Passed to filler function , may be NULL if not required .
*
* Read one page into the page cache . If it succeeds , the folio returned
* will contain @ index , but it may not be the first page of the folio .
*
* If the filler function returns an error , it will be returned to the
* caller .
*
* Context : May sleep . Expects mapping - > invalidate_lock to be held .
* Return : An uptodate folio on success , ERR_PTR ( ) on failure .
*/
struct folio *read_cache_folio(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t index,
filler_t filler, struct file *file)
{
return do_read_cache_folio(mapping, index, filler, file,
mapping_gfp_mask(mapping));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(read_cache_folio);
/**
* mapping_read_folio_gfp - Read into page cache , using specified allocation flags .
* @ mapping : The address_space for the folio .
* @ index : The index that the allocated folio will contain .
* @ gfp : The page allocator flags to use if allocating .
*
* This is the same as " read_cache_folio ( mapping , index , NULL , NULL ) " , but with
* any new memory allocations done using the specified allocation flags .
*
* The most likely error from this function is EIO , but ENOMEM is
* possible and so is EINTR . If - > read_folio returns another error ,
* that will be returned to the caller .
*
* The function expects mapping - > invalidate_lock to be already held .
*
* Return : Uptodate folio on success , ERR_PTR ( ) on failure .
*/
struct folio *mapping_read_folio_gfp(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, gfp_t gfp)
{
return do_read_cache_folio(mapping, index, NULL, NULL, gfp);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mapping_read_folio_gfp);
static struct page *do_read_cache_page(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, filler_t *filler, struct file *file, gfp_t gfp)
{
struct folio *folio;
folio = do_read_cache_folio(mapping, index, filler, file, gfp);
if (IS_ERR(folio))
return &folio->page;
return folio_file_page(folio, index);
}
struct page *read_cache_page(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index, filler_t *filler, struct file *file)
{
return do_read_cache_page(mapping, index, filler, file,
mapping_gfp_mask(mapping));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(read_cache_page);
/**
* read_cache_page_gfp - read into page cache , using specified page allocation flags .
* @ mapping : the page ' s address_space
* @ index : the page index
* @ gfp : the page allocator flags to use if allocating
*
* This is the same as " read_mapping_page ( mapping , index , NULL ) " , but with
* any new page allocations done using the specified allocation flags .
*
* If the page does not get brought uptodate , return - EIO .
*
* The function expects mapping - > invalidate_lock to be already held .
*
* Return : up to date page on success , ERR_PTR ( ) on failure .
*/
struct page *read_cache_page_gfp(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t index,
gfp_t gfp)
{
return do_read_cache_page(mapping, index, NULL, NULL, gfp);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(read_cache_page_gfp);
/*
* Warn about a page cache invalidation failure during a direct I / O write .
*/
static void dio_warn_stale_pagecache(struct file *filp)
{
static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(_rs, 86400 * HZ, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
char pathname[128 ];
char *path;
errseq_set(&filp->f_mapping->wb_err, -EIO);
if (__ratelimit(&_rs)) {
path = file_path(filp, pathname, sizeof (pathname));
if (IS_ERR(path))
path = "(unknown)" ;
pr_crit("Page cache invalidation failure on direct I/O. Possible data corruption due to collision with buffered I/O!\n" );
pr_crit("File: %s PID: %d Comm: %.20s\n" , path, current->pid,
current->comm);
}
}
void kiocb_invalidate_post_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, size_t count)
{
struct address_space *mapping = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping;
if (mapping->nrpages &&
invalidate_inode_pages2_range(mapping,
iocb->ki_pos >> PAGE_SHIFT,
(iocb->ki_pos + count - 1 ) >> PAGE_SHIFT))
dio_warn_stale_pagecache(iocb->ki_filp);
}
ssize_t
generic_file_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
{
struct address_space *mapping = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping;
size_t write_len = iov_iter_count(from);
ssize_t written;
/*
* If a page can not be invalidated , return 0 to fall back
* to buffered write .
*/
written = kiocb_invalidate_pages(iocb, write_len);
if (written) {
if (written == -EBUSY)
return 0 ;
return written;
}
written = mapping->a_ops->direct_IO(iocb, from);
/*
* Finally , try again to invalidate clean pages which might have been
* cached by non - direct readahead , or faulted in by get_user_pages ( )
* if the source of the write was an mmap ' ed region of the file
* we ' re writing . Either one is a pretty crazy thing to do ,
* so we don ' t support it 100 % . If this invalidation
* fails , tough , the write still worked . . .
*
* Most of the time we do not need this since dio_complete ( ) will do
* the invalidation for us . However there are some file systems that
* do not end up with dio_complete ( ) being called , so let ' s not break
* them by removing it completely .
*
* Noticeable example is a blkdev_direct_IO ( ) .
*
* Skip invalidation for async writes or if mapping has no pages .
*/
if (written > 0 ) {
struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
kiocb_invalidate_post_direct_write(iocb, written);
pos += written;
write_len -= written;
if (pos > i_size_read(inode) && !S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) {
i_size_write(inode, pos);
mark_inode_dirty(inode);
}
iocb->ki_pos = pos;
}
if (written != -EIOCBQUEUED)
iov_iter_revert(from, write_len - iov_iter_count(from));
return written;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_direct_write);
ssize_t generic_perform_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *i)
{
struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
const struct address_space_operations *a_ops = mapping->a_ops;
size_t chunk = mapping_max_folio_size(mapping);
long status = 0 ;
ssize_t written = 0 ;
do {
struct folio *folio;
size_t offset; /* Offset into folio */
size_t bytes; /* Bytes to write to folio */
size_t copied; /* Bytes copied from user */
void *fsdata = NULL;
bytes = iov_iter_count(i);
retry:
offset = pos & (chunk - 1 );
bytes = min(chunk - offset, bytes);
balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(mapping);
if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
status = -EINTR;
break ;
}
status = a_ops->write_begin(iocb, mapping, pos, bytes,
&folio, &fsdata);
if (unlikely(status < 0 ))
break ;
offset = offset_in_folio(folio, pos);
if (bytes > folio_size(folio) - offset)
bytes = folio_size(folio) - offset;
if (mapping_writably_mapped(mapping))
flush_dcache_folio(folio);
/*
* Faults here on mmap ( ) s can recurse into arbitrary
* filesystem code . Lots of locks are held that can
* deadlock . Use an atomic copy to avoid deadlocking
* in page fault handling .
*/
copied = copy_folio_from_iter_atomic(folio, offset, bytes, i);
flush_dcache_folio(folio);
status = a_ops->write_end(iocb, mapping, pos, bytes, copied,
folio, fsdata);
if (unlikely(status != copied)) {
iov_iter_revert(i, copied - max(status, 0 L));
if (unlikely(status < 0 ))
break ;
}
cond_resched();
if (unlikely(status == 0 )) {
/*
* A short copy made - > write_end ( ) reject the
* thing entirely . Might be memory poisoning
* halfway through , might be a race with munmap ,
* might be severe memory pressure .
*/
if (chunk > PAGE_SIZE)
chunk /= 2 ;
if (copied) {
bytes = copied;
goto retry;
}
/*
* ' folio ' is now unlocked and faults on it can be
* handled . Ensure forward progress by trying to
* fault it in now .
*/
if (fault_in_iov_iter_readable(i, bytes) == bytes) {
status = -EFAULT;
break ;
}
} else {
pos += status;
written += status;
}
} while (iov_iter_count(i));
if (!written)
return status;
iocb->ki_pos += written;
return written;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_perform_write);
/**
* _ _ generic_file_write_iter - write data to a file
* @ iocb : IO state structure ( file , offset , etc . )
* @ from : iov_iter with data to write
*
* This function does all the work needed for actually writing data to a
* file . It does all basic checks , removes SUID from the file , updates
* modification times and calls proper subroutines depending on whether we
* do direct IO or a standard buffered write .
*
* It expects i_rwsem to be grabbed unless we work on a block device or similar
* object which does not need locking at all .
*
* This function does * not * take care of syncing data in case of O_SYNC write .
* A caller has to handle it . This is mainly due to the fact that we want to
* avoid syncing under i_rwsem .
*
* Return :
* * number of bytes written , even for truncated writes
* * negative error code if no data has been written at all
*/
ssize_t __generic_file_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
{
struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
ssize_t ret;
ret = file_remove_privs(file);
if (ret)
return ret;
ret = file_update_time(file);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
ret = generic_file_direct_write(iocb, from);
/*
* If the write stopped short of completing , fall back to
* buffered writes . Some filesystems do this for writes to
* holes , for example . For DAX files , a buffered write will
* not succeed ( even if it did , DAX does not handle dirty
* page - cache pages correctly ) .
*/
if (ret < 0 || !iov_iter_count(from) || IS_DAX(inode))
return ret;
return direct_write_fallback(iocb, from, ret,
generic_perform_write(iocb, from));
}
return generic_perform_write(iocb, from);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__generic_file_write_iter);
/**
* generic_file_write_iter - write data to a file
* @ iocb : IO state structure
* @ from : iov_iter with data to write
*
* This is a wrapper around _ _ generic_file_write_iter ( ) to be used by most
* filesystems . It takes care of syncing the file in case of O_SYNC file
* and acquires i_rwsem as needed .
* Return :
* * negative error code if no data has been written at all of
* vfs_fsync_range ( ) failed for a synchronous write
* * number of bytes written , even for truncated writes
*/
ssize_t generic_file_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
{
struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
ssize_t ret;
inode_lock(inode);
ret = generic_write_checks(iocb, from);
if (ret > 0 )
ret = __generic_file_write_iter(iocb, from);
inode_unlock(inode);
if (ret > 0 )
ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_write_iter);
/**
* filemap_release_folio ( ) - Release fs - specific metadata on a folio .
* @ folio : The folio which the kernel is trying to free .
* @ gfp : Memory allocation flags ( and I / O mode ) .
*
* The address_space is trying to release any data attached to a folio
* ( presumably at folio - > private ) .
*
* This will also be called if the private_2 flag is set on a page ,
* indicating that the folio has other metadata associated with it .
*
* The @ gfp argument specifies whether I / O may be performed to release
* this page ( _ _ GFP_IO ) , and whether the call may block
* ( _ _ GFP_RECLAIM & _ _ GFP_FS ) .
*
* Return : % true if the release was successful , otherwise % false .
*/
bool filemap_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp)
{
struct address_space * const mapping = folio->mapping;
BUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
if (!folio_needs_release(folio))
return true ;
if (folio_test_writeback(folio))
return false ;
if (mapping && mapping->a_ops->release_folio)
return mapping->a_ops->release_folio(folio, gfp);
return try_to_free_buffers(folio);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(filemap_release_folio);
/**
* filemap_invalidate_inode - Invalidate / forcibly write back a range of an inode ' s pagecache
* @ inode : The inode to flush
* @ flush : Set to write back rather than simply invalidate .
* @ start : First byte to in range .
* @ end : Last byte in range ( inclusive ) , or LLONG_MAX for everything from start
* onwards .
*
* Invalidate all the folios on an inode that contribute to the specified
* range , possibly writing them back first . Whilst the operation is
* undertaken , the invalidate lock is held to prevent new folios from being
* installed .
*/
int filemap_invalidate_inode(struct inode *inode, bool flush,
loff_t start, loff_t end)
{
struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
pgoff_t first = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pgoff_t last = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pgoff_t nr = end == LLONG_MAX ? ULONG_MAX : last - first + 1 ;
if (!mapping || !mapping->nrpages || end < start)
goto out;
/* Prevent new folios from being added to the inode. */
filemap_invalidate_lock(mapping);
if (!mapping->nrpages)
goto unlock;
unmap_mapping_pages(mapping, first, nr, false );
/* Write back the data if we're asked to. */
if (flush) {
struct writeback_control wbc = {
.sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL,
.nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
.range_start = start,
.range_end = end,
};
filemap_fdatawrite_wbc(mapping, &wbc);
}
/* Wait for writeback to complete on all folios and discard. */
invalidate_inode_pages2_range(mapping, start / PAGE_SIZE, end / PAGE_SIZE);
unlock:
filemap_invalidate_unlock(mapping);
out:
return filemap_check_errors(mapping);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(filemap_invalidate_inode);
#ifdef CONFIG_CACHESTAT_SYSCALL
/**
* filemap_cachestat ( ) - compute the page cache statistics of a mapping
* @ mapping : The mapping to compute the statistics for .
* @ first_index : The starting page cache index .
* @ last_index : The final page index ( inclusive ) .
* @ cs : the cachestat struct to write the result to .
*
* This will query the page cache statistics of a mapping in the
* page range of [ first_index , last_index ] ( inclusive ) . The statistics
* queried include : number of dirty pages , number of pages marked for
* writeback , and the number of ( recently ) evicted pages .
*/
static void filemap_cachestat(struct address_space *mapping,
pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t last_index, struct cachestat *cs)
{
XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, first_index);
struct folio *folio;
/* Flush stats (and potentially sleep) outside the RCU read section. */
mem_cgroup_flush_stats_ratelimited(NULL);
rcu_read_lock();
xas_for_each(&xas, folio, last_index) {
int order;
unsigned long nr_pages;
pgoff_t folio_first_index, folio_last_index;
/*
* Don ' t deref the folio . It is not pinned , and might
* get freed ( and reused ) underneath us .
*
* We * could * pin it , but that would be expensive for
* what should be a fast and lightweight syscall .
*
* Instead , derive all information of interest from
* the rcu - protected xarray .
*/
if (xas_retry(&xas, folio))
continue ;
order = xas_get_order(&xas);
nr_pages = 1 << order;
folio_first_index = round_down(xas.xa_index, 1 << order);
folio_last_index = folio_first_index + nr_pages - 1 ;
/* Folios might straddle the range boundaries, only count covered pages */
if (folio_first_index < first_index)
nr_pages -= first_index - folio_first_index;
if (folio_last_index > last_index)
nr_pages -= folio_last_index - last_index;
if (xa_is_value(folio)) {
/* page is evicted */
void *shadow = (void *)folio;
bool workingset; /* not used */
cs->nr_evicted += nr_pages;
#ifdef CONFIG_SWAP /* implies CONFIG_MMU */
if (shmem_mapping(mapping)) {
/* shmem file - in swap cache */
swp_entry_t swp = radix_to_swp_entry(folio);
/* swapin error results in poisoned entry */
if (non_swap_entry(swp))
goto resched;
/*
* Getting a swap entry from the shmem
* inode means we beat
* shmem_unuse ( ) . rcu_read_lock ( )
* ensures swapoff waits for us before
* freeing the swapper space . However ,
* we can race with swapping and
* invalidation , so there might not be
* a shadow in the swapcache ( yet ) .
*/
shadow = get_shadow_from_swap_cache(swp);
if (!shadow)
goto resched;
}
#endif
if (workingset_test_recent(shadow, true , &workingset, false ))
cs->nr_recently_evicted += nr_pages;
goto resched;
}
/* page is in cache */
cs->nr_cache += nr_pages;
if (xas_get_mark(&xas, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY))
cs->nr_dirty += nr_pages;
if (xas_get_mark(&xas, PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK))
cs->nr_writeback += nr_pages;
resched:
if (need_resched()) {
xas_pause(&xas);
cond_resched_rcu();
}
}
rcu_read_unlock();
}
/*
* See mincore : reveal pagecache information only for files
* that the calling process has write access to , or could ( if
* tried ) open for writing .
*/
static inline bool can_do_cachestat(struct file *f)
{
if (f->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
return true ;
if (inode_owner_or_capable(file_mnt_idmap(f), file_inode(f)))
return true ;
return file_permission(f, MAY_WRITE) == 0 ;
}
/*
* The cachestat ( 2 ) system call .
*
* cachestat ( ) returns the page cache statistics of a file in the
* bytes range specified by ` off ` and ` len ` : number of cached pages ,
* number of dirty pages , number of pages marked for writeback ,
* number of evicted pages , and number of recently evicted pages .
*
* An evicted page is a page that is previously in the page cache
* but has been evicted since . A page is recently evicted if its last
* eviction was recent enough that its reentry to the cache would
* indicate that it is actively being used by the system , and that
* there is memory pressure on the system .
*
* ` off ` and ` len ` must be non - negative integers . If ` len ` > 0 ,
* the queried range is [ ` off ` , ` off ` + ` len ` ] . If ` len ` = = 0 ,
* we will query in the range from ` off ` to the end of the file .
*
* The ` flags ` argument is unused for now , but is included for future
* extensibility . User should pass 0 ( i . e no flag specified ) .
*
* Currently , hugetlbfs is not supported .
*
* Because the status of a page can change after cachestat ( ) checks it
* but before it returns to the application , the returned values may
* contain stale information .
*
* return values :
* zero - success
* - EFAULT - cstat or cstat_range points to an illegal address
* - EINVAL - invalid flags
* - EBADF - invalid file descriptor
* - EOPNOTSUPP - file descriptor is of a hugetlbfs file
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE4(cachestat, unsigned int , fd,
struct cachestat_range __user *, cstat_range,
struct cachestat __user *, cstat, unsigned int , flags)
{
CLASS (fd, f)(fd);
struct address_space *mapping;
struct cachestat_range csr;
struct cachestat cs;
pgoff_t first_index, last_index;
if (fd_empty(f))
return -EBADF;
if (copy_from_user(&csr, cstat_range,
sizeof (struct cachestat_range)))
return -EFAULT;
/* hugetlbfs is not supported */
if (is_file_hugepages(fd_file(f)))
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
if (!can_do_cachestat(fd_file(f)))
return -EPERM;
if (flags != 0 )
return -EINVAL;
first_index = csr.off >> PAGE_SHIFT;
last_index =
csr.len == 0 ? ULONG_MAX : (csr.off + csr.len - 1 ) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
memset(&cs, 0 , sizeof (struct cachestat));
mapping = fd_file(f)->f_mapping;
filemap_cachestat(mapping, first_index, last_index, &cs);
if (copy_to_user(cstat, &cs, sizeof (struct cachestat)))
return -EFAULT;
return 0 ;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_CACHESTAT_SYSCALL */
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=96 H=84 G=90
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.259 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-28)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-10-09
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