Impressum fair.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Completely Fair Scheduling ( CFS ) Class ( SCHED_NORMAL / SCHED_BATCH )
*
* Copyright ( C ) 2007 Red Hat , Inc . , Ingo Molnar < mingo @ redhat . com >
*
* Interactivity improvements by Mike Galbraith
* ( C ) 2007 Mike Galbraith < efault @ gmx . de >
*
* Various enhancements by Dmitry Adamushko .
* ( C ) 2007 Dmitry Adamushko < dmitry . adamushko @ gmail . com >
*
* Group scheduling enhancements by Srivatsa Vaddagiri
* Copyright IBM Corporation , 2007
* Author : Srivatsa Vaddagiri < vatsa @ linux . vnet . ibm . com >
*
* Scaled math optimizations by Thomas Gleixner
* Copyright ( C ) 2007 , Thomas Gleixner < tglx @ linutronix . de >
*
* Adaptive scheduling granularity , math enhancements by Peter Zijlstra
* Copyright ( C ) 2007 Red Hat , Inc . , Peter Zijlstra
*/
#include <linux/energy_model.h>
#include <linux/mmap_lock.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb_inline.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/mm_api.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/spinlock_api.h>
#include <linux/cpumask_api.h>
#include <linux/lockdep_api.h>
#include <linux/softirq.h>
#include <linux/refcount_api.h>
#include <linux/topology.h>
#include <linux/sched/clock.h>
#include <linux/sched/cond_resched.h>
#include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
#include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
#include <linux/sched/nohz.h>
#include <linux/sched/prio.h>
#include <linux/cpuidle.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/memory-tiers.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/mutex_api.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/psi.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include <linux/task_work.h>
#include <linux/rbtree_augmented.h>
#include <asm /switch_to.h>
#include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
#include "sched.h"
#include "stats.h"
#include "autogroup.h"
/*
* The initial - and re - scaling of tunables is configurable
*
* Options are :
*
* SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_NONE - unscaled , always * 1
* SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG - scaled logarithmically , * 1 + ilog ( ncpus )
* SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LINEAR - scaled linear , * ncpus
*
* ( default SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG = * ( 1 + ilog ( ncpus ) )
*/
unsigned int sysctl_sched_tunable_scaling = SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG;
/*
* Minimal preemption granularity for CPU - bound tasks :
*
* ( default : 0 . 70 msec * ( 1 + ilog ( ncpus ) ) , units : nanoseconds )
*/
unsigned int sysctl_sched_base_slice = 700000 ULL;
static unsigned int normalized_sysctl_sched_base_slice = 700000 ULL;
__read_mostly unsigned int sysctl_sched_migration_cost = 500000 UL;
static int __init setup_sched_thermal_decay_shift(char *str)
{
pr_warn("Ignoring the deprecated sched_thermal_decay_shift= option\n" );
return 1 ;
}
__setup("sched_thermal_decay_shift=" , setup_sched_thermal_decay_shift);
/*
* For asym packing , by default the lower numbered CPU has higher priority .
*/
int __weak arch_asym_cpu_priority(int cpu)
{
return -cpu;
}
/*
* The margin used when comparing utilization with CPU capacity .
*
* ( default : ~ 20 % )
*/
#define fits_capacity(cap, max) ((cap) * 1280 < (max) * 1024 )
/*
* The margin used when comparing CPU capacities .
* is ' cap1 ' noticeably greater than ' cap2 '
*
* ( default : ~ 5 % )
*/
#define capacity_greater(cap1, cap2) ((cap1) * 1024 > (cap2) * 1078 )
#ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
/*
* Amount of runtime to allocate from global ( tg ) to local ( per - cfs_rq ) pool
* each time a cfs_rq requests quota .
*
* Note : in the case that the slice exceeds the runtime remaining ( either due
* to consumption or the quota being specified to be smaller than the slice )
* we will always only issue the remaining available time .
*
* ( default : 5 msec , units : microseconds )
*/
static unsigned int sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice = 5000 UL;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
/* Restrict the NUMA promotion throughput (MB/s) for each target node. */
static unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit = 65536 ;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
static const struct ctl_table sched_fair_sysctls[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
{
.procname = "sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice_us" ,
.data = &sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice,
.maxlen = sizeof (unsigned int ),
.mode = 0644 ,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
.extra1 = SYSCTL_ONE,
},
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
{
.procname = "numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit_MBps" ,
.data = &sysctl_numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit,
.maxlen = sizeof (unsigned int ),
.mode = 0644 ,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
.extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO,
},
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
};
static int __init sched_fair_sysctl_init(void )
{
register_sysctl_init("kernel" , sched_fair_sysctls);
return 0 ;
}
late_initcall(sched_fair_sysctl_init);
#endif /* CONFIG_SYSCTL */
static inline void update_load_add(struct load_weight *lw, unsigned long inc)
{
lw->weight += inc;
lw->inv_weight = 0 ;
}
static inline void update_load_sub(struct load_weight *lw, unsigned long dec)
{
lw->weight -= dec;
lw->inv_weight = 0 ;
}
static inline void update_load_set(struct load_weight *lw, unsigned long w)
{
lw->weight = w;
lw->inv_weight = 0 ;
}
/*
* Increase the granularity value when there are more CPUs ,
* because with more CPUs the ' effective latency ' as visible
* to users decreases . But the relationship is not linear ,
* so pick a second - best guess by going with the log2 of the
* number of CPUs .
*
* This idea comes from the SD scheduler of Con Kolivas :
*/
static unsigned int get_update_sysctl_factor(void )
{
unsigned int cpus = min_t(unsigned int , num_online_cpus(), 8 );
unsigned int factor;
switch (sysctl_sched_tunable_scaling) {
case SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_NONE:
factor = 1 ;
break ;
case SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LINEAR:
factor = cpus;
break ;
case SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG:
default :
factor = 1 + ilog2(cpus);
break ;
}
return factor;
}
static void update_sysctl(void )
{
unsigned int factor = get_update_sysctl_factor();
#define SET_SYSCTL(name) \
(sysctl_## name = (factor) * normalized_sysctl_## name)
SET_SYSCTL(sched_base_slice);
#undef SET_SYSCTL
}
void __init sched_init_granularity(void )
{
update_sysctl();
}
#define WMULT_CONST (~0 U)
#define WMULT_SHIFT 32
static void __update_inv_weight(struct load_weight *lw)
{
unsigned long w;
if (likely(lw->inv_weight))
return ;
w = scale_load_down(lw->weight);
if (BITS_PER_LONG > 32 && unlikely(w >= WMULT_CONST))
lw->inv_weight = 1 ;
else if (unlikely(!w))
lw->inv_weight = WMULT_CONST;
else
lw->inv_weight = WMULT_CONST / w;
}
/*
* delta_exec * weight / lw . weight
* OR
* ( delta_exec * ( weight * lw - > inv_weight ) ) > > WMULT_SHIFT
*
* Either weight : = NICE_0_LOAD and lw \ e sched_prio_to_wmult [ ] , in which case
* we ' re guaranteed shift stays positive because inv_weight is guaranteed to
* fit 32 bits , and NICE_0_LOAD gives another 10 bits ; therefore shift > = 22 .
*
* Or , weight = < lw . weight ( because lw . weight is the runqueue weight ) , thus
* weight / lw . weight < = 1 , and therefore our shift will also be positive .
*/
static u64 __calc_delta(u64 delta_exec, unsigned long weight, struct load_weight *lw)
{
u64 fact = scale_load_down(weight);
u32 fact_hi = (u32)(fact >> 32 );
int shift = WMULT_SHIFT;
int fs;
__update_inv_weight(lw);
if (unlikely(fact_hi)) {
fs = fls(fact_hi);
shift -= fs;
fact >>= fs;
}
fact = mul_u32_u32(fact, lw->inv_weight);
fact_hi = (u32)(fact >> 32 );
if (fact_hi) {
fs = fls(fact_hi);
shift -= fs;
fact >>= fs;
}
return mul_u64_u32_shr(delta_exec, fact, shift);
}
/*
* delta / = w
*/
static inline u64 calc_delta_fair(u64 delta, struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (unlikely(se->load.weight != NICE_0_LOAD))
delta = __calc_delta(delta, NICE_0_LOAD, &se->load);
return delta;
}
const struct sched_class fair_sched_class;
/**************************************************************
* CFS operations on generic schedulable entities :
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
/* Walk up scheduling entities hierarchy */
#define for_each_sched_entity(se) \
for (; se; se = se->parent)
static inline bool list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
if (cfs_rq->on_list)
return rq->tmp_alone_branch == &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
cfs_rq->on_list = 1 ;
/*
* Ensure we either appear before our parent ( if already
* enqueued ) or force our parent to appear after us when it is
* enqueued . The fact that we always enqueue bottom - up
* reduces this to two cases and a special case for the root
* cfs_rq . Furthermore , it also means that we will always reset
* tmp_alone_branch either when the branch is connected
* to a tree or when we reach the top of the tree
*/
if (cfs_rq->tg->parent &&
cfs_rq->tg->parent->cfs_rq[cpu]->on_list) {
/*
* If parent is already on the list , we add the child
* just before . Thanks to circular linked property of
* the list , this means to put the child at the tail
* of the list that starts by parent .
*/
list_add_tail_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list,
&(cfs_rq->tg->parent->cfs_rq[cpu]->leaf_cfs_rq_list));
/*
* The branch is now connected to its tree so we can
* reset tmp_alone_branch to the beginning of the
* list .
*/
rq->tmp_alone_branch = &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
return true ;
}
if (!cfs_rq->tg->parent) {
/*
* cfs rq without parent should be put
* at the tail of the list .
*/
list_add_tail_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list,
&rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list);
/*
* We have reach the top of a tree so we can reset
* tmp_alone_branch to the beginning of the list .
*/
rq->tmp_alone_branch = &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
return true ;
}
/*
* The parent has not already been added so we want to
* make sure that it will be put after us .
* tmp_alone_branch points to the begin of the branch
* where we will add parent .
*/
list_add_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list, rq->tmp_alone_branch);
/*
* update tmp_alone_branch to points to the new begin
* of the branch
*/
rq->tmp_alone_branch = &cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
return false ;
}
static inline void list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (cfs_rq->on_list) {
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
/*
* With cfs_rq being unthrottled / throttled during an enqueue ,
* it can happen the tmp_alone_branch points to the leaf that
* we finally want to delete . In this case , tmp_alone_branch moves
* to the prev element but it will point to rq - > leaf_cfs_rq_list
* at the end of the enqueue .
*/
if (rq->tmp_alone_branch == &cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list)
rq->tmp_alone_branch = cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list.prev;
list_del_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list);
cfs_rq->on_list = 0 ;
}
}
static inline void assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(struct rq *rq)
{
WARN_ON_ONCE(rq->tmp_alone_branch != &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list);
}
/* Iterate through all leaf cfs_rq's on a runqueue */
#define for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(rq, cfs_rq, pos) \
list_for_each_entry_safe(cfs_rq, pos, &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list, \
leaf_cfs_rq_list)
/* Do the two (enqueued) entities belong to the same group ? */
static inline struct cfs_rq *
is_same_group(struct sched_entity *se, struct sched_entity *pse)
{
if (se->cfs_rq == pse->cfs_rq)
return se->cfs_rq;
return NULL;
}
static inline struct sched_entity *parent_entity(const struct sched_entity *se)
{
return se->parent;
}
static void
find_matching_se(struct sched_entity **se, struct sched_entity **pse)
{
int se_depth, pse_depth;
/*
* preemption test can be made between sibling entities who are in the
* same cfs_rq i . e who have a common parent . Walk up the hierarchy of
* both tasks until we find their ancestors who are siblings of common
* parent .
*/
/* First walk up until both entities are at same depth */
se_depth = (*se)->depth;
pse_depth = (*pse)->depth;
while (se_depth > pse_depth) {
se_depth--;
*se = parent_entity(*se);
}
while (pse_depth > se_depth) {
pse_depth--;
*pse = parent_entity(*pse);
}
while (!is_same_group(*se, *pse)) {
*se = parent_entity(*se);
*pse = parent_entity(*pse);
}
}
static int tg_is_idle(struct task_group *tg)
{
return tg->idle > 0 ;
}
static int cfs_rq_is_idle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_rq->idle > 0 ;
}
static int se_is_idle(struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (entity_is_task(se))
return task_has_idle_policy(task_of(se));
return cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se));
}
#else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED: */
#define for_each_sched_entity(se) \
for (; se; se = NULL)
static inline bool list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return true ;
}
static inline void list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
}
static inline void assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(struct rq *rq)
{
}
#define for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(rq, cfs_rq, pos) \
for (cfs_rq = &rq->cfs, pos = NULL; cfs_rq; cfs_rq = pos)
static inline struct sched_entity *parent_entity(struct sched_entity *se)
{
return NULL;
}
static inline void
find_matching_se(struct sched_entity **se, struct sched_entity **pse)
{
}
static inline int tg_is_idle(struct task_group *tg)
{
return 0 ;
}
static int cfs_rq_is_idle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return 0 ;
}
static int se_is_idle(struct sched_entity *se)
{
return task_has_idle_policy(task_of(se));
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
static __always_inline
void account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec);
/**************************************************************
* Scheduling class tree data structure manipulation methods :
*/
static inline __maybe_unused u64 max_vruntime(u64 max_vruntime, u64 vruntime)
{
s64 delta = (s64)(vruntime - max_vruntime);
if (delta > 0 )
max_vruntime = vruntime;
return max_vruntime;
}
static inline __maybe_unused u64 min_vruntime(u64 min_vruntime, u64 vruntime)
{
s64 delta = (s64)(vruntime - min_vruntime);
if (delta < 0 )
min_vruntime = vruntime;
return min_vruntime;
}
static inline bool entity_before(const struct sched_entity *a,
const struct sched_entity *b)
{
/*
* Tiebreak on vruntime seems unnecessary since it can
* hardly happen .
*/
return (s64)(a->deadline - b->deadline) < 0 ;
}
static inline s64 entity_key(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
return (s64)(se->vruntime - cfs_rq->min_vruntime);
}
#define __node_2_se(node) \
rb_entry((node), struct sched_entity, run_node)
/*
* Compute virtual time from the per - task service numbers :
*
* Fair schedulers conserve lag :
*
* \ Sum lag_i = 0
*
* Where lag_i is given by :
*
* lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * ( V - v_i )
*
* Where S is the ideal service time and V is it ' s virtual time counterpart .
* Therefore :
*
* \ Sum lag_i = 0
* \ Sum w_i * ( V - v_i ) = 0
* \ Sum w_i * V - w_i * v_i = 0
*
* From which we can solve an expression for V in v_i ( which we have in
* se - > vruntime ) :
*
* \ Sum v_i * w_i \ Sum v_i * w_i
* V = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - = - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* \ Sum w_i W
*
* Specifically , this is the weighted average of all entity virtual runtimes .
*
* [ [ NOTE : this is only equal to the ideal scheduler under the condition
* that join / leave operations happen at lag_i = 0 , otherwise the
* virtual time has non - contiguous motion equivalent to :
*
* V + - = lag_i / W
*
* Also see the comment in place_entity ( ) that deals with this . ] ]
*
* However , since v_i is u64 , and the multiplication could easily overflow
* transform it into a relative form that uses smaller quantities :
*
* Substitute : v_i = = ( v_i - v0 ) + v0
*
* \ Sum ( ( v_i - v0 ) + v0 ) * w_i \ Sum ( v_i - v0 ) * w_i
* V = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + v0
* W W
*
* Which we track using :
*
* v0 : = cfs_rq - > min_vruntime
* \ Sum ( v_i - v0 ) * w_i : = cfs_rq - > avg_vruntime
* \ Sum w_i : = cfs_rq - > avg_load
*
* Since min_vruntime is a monotonic increasing variable that closely tracks
* the per - task service , these deltas : ( v_i - v ) , will be in the order of the
* maximal ( virtual ) lag induced in the system due to quantisation .
*
* Also , we use scale_load_down ( ) to reduce the size .
*
* As measured , the max ( key * weight ) value was ~ 44 bits for a kernel build .
*/
static void
avg_vruntime_add(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
s64 key = entity_key(cfs_rq, se);
cfs_rq->avg_vruntime += key * weight;
cfs_rq->avg_load += weight;
}
static void
avg_vruntime_sub(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
s64 key = entity_key(cfs_rq, se);
cfs_rq->avg_vruntime -= key * weight;
cfs_rq->avg_load -= weight;
}
static inline
void avg_vruntime_update(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, s64 delta)
{
/*
* v ' = v + d = = > avg_vruntime ' = avg_runtime - d * avg_load
*/
cfs_rq->avg_vruntime -= cfs_rq->avg_load * delta;
}
/*
* Specifically : avg_runtime ( ) + 0 must result in entity_eligible ( ) : = true
* For this to be so , the result of this function must have a left bias .
*/
u64 avg_vruntime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
s64 avg = cfs_rq->avg_vruntime;
long load = cfs_rq->avg_load;
if (curr && curr->on_rq) {
unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(curr->load.weight);
avg += entity_key(cfs_rq, curr) * weight;
load += weight;
}
if (load) {
/* sign flips effective floor / ceiling */
if (avg < 0 )
avg -= (load - 1 );
avg = div_s64(avg, load);
}
return cfs_rq->min_vruntime + avg;
}
/*
* lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * ( V - v_i )
*
* However , since V is approximated by the weighted average of all entities it
* is possible - - by addition / removal / reweight to the tree - - to move V around
* and end up with a larger lag than we started with .
*
* Limit this to either double the slice length with a minimum of TICK_NSEC
* since that is the timing granularity .
*
* EEVDF gives the following limit for a steady state system :
*
* - r_max < lag < max ( r_max , q )
*
* XXX could add max_slice to the augmented data to track this .
*/
static void update_entity_lag(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
s64 vlag, limit;
WARN_ON_ONCE(!se->on_rq);
vlag = avg_vruntime(cfs_rq) - se->vruntime;
limit = calc_delta_fair(max_t(u64, 2 *se->slice, TICK_NSEC), se);
se->vlag = clamp(vlag, -limit, limit);
}
/*
* Entity is eligible once it received less service than it ought to have ,
* eg . lag > = 0 .
*
* lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * ( V - v_i )
*
* lag_i > = 0 - > V > = v_i
*
* \ Sum ( v_i - v ) * w_i
* V = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + v
* \ Sum w_i
*
* lag_i > = 0 - > \ Sum ( v_i - v ) * w_i > = ( v_i - v ) * ( \ Sum w_i )
*
* Note : using ' avg_vruntime ( ) > se - > vruntime ' is inaccurate due
* to the loss in precision caused by the division .
*/
static int vruntime_eligible(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 vruntime)
{
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
s64 avg = cfs_rq->avg_vruntime;
long load = cfs_rq->avg_load;
if (curr && curr->on_rq) {
unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(curr->load.weight);
avg += entity_key(cfs_rq, curr) * weight;
load += weight;
}
return avg >= (s64)(vruntime - cfs_rq->min_vruntime) * load;
}
int entity_eligible(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
return vruntime_eligible(cfs_rq, se->vruntime);
}
static u64 __update_min_vruntime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 vruntime)
{
u64 min_vruntime = cfs_rq->min_vruntime;
/*
* open coded max_vruntime ( ) to allow updating avg_vruntime
*/
s64 delta = (s64)(vruntime - min_vruntime);
if (delta > 0 ) {
avg_vruntime_update(cfs_rq, delta);
min_vruntime = vruntime;
}
return min_vruntime;
}
static void update_min_vruntime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct sched_entity *se = __pick_root_entity(cfs_rq);
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
u64 vruntime = cfs_rq->min_vruntime;
if (curr) {
if (curr->on_rq)
vruntime = curr->vruntime;
else
curr = NULL;
}
if (se) {
if (!curr)
vruntime = se->min_vruntime;
else
vruntime = min_vruntime(vruntime, se->min_vruntime);
}
/* ensure we never gain time by being placed backwards. */
cfs_rq->min_vruntime = __update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq, vruntime);
}
static inline u64 cfs_rq_min_slice(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct sched_entity *root = __pick_root_entity(cfs_rq);
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
u64 min_slice = ~0 ULL;
if (curr && curr->on_rq)
min_slice = curr->slice;
if (root)
min_slice = min(min_slice, root->min_slice);
return min_slice;
}
static inline bool __entity_less(struct rb_node *a, const struct rb_node *b)
{
return entity_before(__node_2_se(a), __node_2_se(b));
}
#define vruntime_gt(field, lse, rse) ({ (s64)((lse)->field - (rse)->field) > 0 ; })
static inline void __min_vruntime_update(struct sched_entity *se, struct rb_node *node)
{
if (node) {
struct sched_entity *rse = __node_2_se(node);
if (vruntime_gt(min_vruntime, se, rse))
se->min_vruntime = rse->min_vruntime;
}
}
static inline void __min_slice_update(struct sched_entity *se, struct rb_node *node)
{
if (node) {
struct sched_entity *rse = __node_2_se(node);
if (rse->min_slice < se->min_slice)
se->min_slice = rse->min_slice;
}
}
/*
* se - > min_vruntime = min ( se - > vruntime , { left , right } - > min_vruntime )
*/
static inline bool min_vruntime_update(struct sched_entity *se, bool exit )
{
u64 old_min_vruntime = se->min_vruntime;
u64 old_min_slice = se->min_slice;
struct rb_node *node = &se->run_node;
se->min_vruntime = se->vruntime;
__min_vruntime_update(se, node->rb_right);
__min_vruntime_update(se, node->rb_left);
se->min_slice = se->slice;
__min_slice_update(se, node->rb_right);
__min_slice_update(se, node->rb_left);
return se->min_vruntime == old_min_vruntime &&
se->min_slice == old_min_slice;
}
RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(static , min_vruntime_cb, struct sched_entity,
run_node, min_vruntime, min_vruntime_update);
/*
* Enqueue an entity into the rb - tree :
*/
static void __enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
avg_vruntime_add(cfs_rq, se);
se->min_vruntime = se->vruntime;
se->min_slice = se->slice;
rb_add_augmented_cached(&se->run_node, &cfs_rq->tasks_timeline,
__entity_less, &min_vruntime_cb);
}
static void __dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
rb_erase_augmented_cached(&se->run_node, &cfs_rq->tasks_timeline,
&min_vruntime_cb);
avg_vruntime_sub(cfs_rq, se);
}
struct sched_entity *__pick_root_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rb_node *root = cfs_rq->tasks_timeline.rb_root.rb_node;
if (!root)
return NULL;
return __node_2_se(root);
}
struct sched_entity *__pick_first_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rb_node *left = rb_first_cached(&cfs_rq->tasks_timeline);
if (!left)
return NULL;
return __node_2_se(left);
}
/*
* Set the vruntime up to which an entity can run before looking
* for another entity to pick .
* In case of run to parity , we use the shortest slice of the enqueued
* entities to set the protected period .
* When run to parity is disabled , we give a minimum quantum to the running
* entity to ensure progress .
*/
static inline void set_protect_slice(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
u64 slice = normalized_sysctl_sched_base_slice;
u64 vprot = se->deadline;
if (sched_feat(RUN_TO_PARITY))
slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
slice = min(slice, se->slice);
if (slice != se->slice)
vprot = min_vruntime(vprot, se->vruntime + calc_delta_fair(slice, se));
se->vprot = vprot;
}
static inline void update_protect_slice(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
u64 slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
se->vprot = min_vruntime(se->vprot, se->vruntime + calc_delta_fair(slice, se));
}
static inline bool protect_slice(struct sched_entity *se)
{
return ((s64)(se->vprot - se->vruntime) > 0 );
}
static inline void cancel_protect_slice(struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (protect_slice(se))
se->vprot = se->vruntime;
}
/*
* Earliest Eligible Virtual Deadline First
*
* In order to provide latency guarantees for different request sizes
* EEVDF selects the best runnable task from two criteria :
*
* 1 ) the task must be eligible ( must be owed service )
*
* 2 ) from those tasks that meet 1 ) , we select the one
* with the earliest virtual deadline .
*
* We can do this in O ( log n ) time due to an augmented RB - tree . The
* tree keeps the entries sorted on deadline , but also functions as a
* heap based on the vruntime by keeping :
*
* se - > min_vruntime = min ( se - > vruntime , se - > { left , right } - > min_vruntime )
*
* Which allows tree pruning through eligibility .
*/
static struct sched_entity *__pick_eevdf(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, bool protect)
{
struct rb_node *node = cfs_rq->tasks_timeline.rb_root.rb_node;
struct sched_entity *se = __pick_first_entity(cfs_rq);
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
struct sched_entity *best = NULL;
/*
* We can safely skip eligibility check if there is only one entity
* in this cfs_rq , saving some cycles .
*/
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued == 1 )
return curr && curr->on_rq ? curr : se;
if (curr && (!curr->on_rq || !entity_eligible(cfs_rq, curr)))
curr = NULL;
if (curr && protect && protect_slice(curr))
return curr;
/* Pick the leftmost entity if it's eligible */
if (se && entity_eligible(cfs_rq, se)) {
best = se;
goto found;
}
/* Heap search for the EEVD entity */
while (node) {
struct rb_node *left = node->rb_left;
/*
* Eligible entities in left subtree are always better
* choices , since they have earlier deadlines .
*/
if (left && vruntime_eligible(cfs_rq,
__node_2_se(left)->min_vruntime)) {
node = left;
continue ;
}
se = __node_2_se(node);
/*
* The left subtree either is empty or has no eligible
* entity , so check the current node since it is the one
* with earliest deadline that might be eligible .
*/
if (entity_eligible(cfs_rq, se)) {
best = se;
break ;
}
node = node->rb_right;
}
found:
if (!best || (curr && entity_before(curr, best)))
best = curr;
return best;
}
static struct sched_entity *pick_eevdf(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return __pick_eevdf(cfs_rq, true );
}
struct sched_entity *__pick_last_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rb_node *last = rb_last(&cfs_rq->tasks_timeline.rb_root);
if (!last)
return NULL;
return __node_2_se(last);
}
/**************************************************************
* Scheduling class statistics methods :
*/
int sched_update_scaling(void )
{
unsigned int factor = get_update_sysctl_factor();
#define WRT_SYSCTL(name) \
(normalized_sysctl_## name = sysctl_## name / (factor))
WRT_SYSCTL(sched_base_slice);
#undef WRT_SYSCTL
return 0 ;
}
static void clear_buddies(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se);
/*
* XXX : strictly : vd_i + = N * r_i / w_i such that : vd_i > ve_i
* this is probably good enough .
*/
static bool update_deadline(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
if ((s64)(se->vruntime - se->deadline) < 0 )
return false ;
/*
* For EEVDF the virtual time slope is determined by w_i ( iow .
* nice ) while the request time r_i is determined by
* sysctl_sched_base_slice .
*/
if (!se->custom_slice)
se->slice = sysctl_sched_base_slice;
/*
* EEVDF : vd_i = ve_i + r_i / w_i
*/
se->deadline = se->vruntime + calc_delta_fair(se->slice, se);
/*
* The task has consumed its request , reschedule .
*/
return true ;
}
#include "pelt.h"
static int select_idle_sibling(struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu, int cpu);
static unsigned long task_h_load(struct task_struct *p);
static unsigned long capacity_of(int cpu);
/* Give new sched_entity start runnable values to heavy its load in infant time */
void init_entity_runnable_average(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct sched_avg *sa = &se->avg;
memset(sa, 0 , sizeof (*sa));
/*
* Tasks are initialized with full load to be seen as heavy tasks until
* they get a chance to stabilize to their real load level .
* Group entities are initialized with zero load to reflect the fact that
* nothing has been attached to the task group yet .
*/
if (entity_is_task(se))
sa->load_avg = scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
/* when this task is enqueued, it will contribute to its cfs_rq's load_avg */
}
/*
* With new tasks being created , their initial util_avgs are extrapolated
* based on the cfs_rq ' s current util_avg :
*
* util_avg = cfs_rq - > avg . util_avg / ( cfs_rq - > avg . load_avg + 1 )
* * se_weight ( se )
*
* However , in many cases , the above util_avg does not give a desired
* value . Moreover , the sum of the util_avgs may be divergent , such
* as when the series is a harmonic series .
*
* To solve this problem , we also cap the util_avg of successive tasks to
* only 1 / 2 of the left utilization budget :
*
* util_avg_cap = ( cpu_scale - cfs_rq - > avg . util_avg ) / 2 ^ n
*
* where n denotes the nth task and cpu_scale the CPU capacity .
*
* For example , for a CPU with 1024 of capacity , a simplest series from
* the beginning would be like :
*
* task util_avg : 512 , 256 , 128 , 64 , 32 , 16 , 8 , . . .
* cfs_rq util_avg : 512 , 768 , 896 , 960 , 992 , 1008 , 1016 , . . .
*
* Finally , that extrapolated util_avg is clamped to the cap ( util_avg_cap )
* if util_avg > util_avg_cap .
*/
void post_init_entity_util_avg(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
struct sched_avg *sa = &se->avg;
long cpu_scale = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
long cap = (long )(cpu_scale - cfs_rq->avg.util_avg) / 2 ;
if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class) {
/*
* For ! fair tasks do :
*
update_cfs_rq_load_avg ( now , cfs_rq ) ;
attach_entity_load_avg ( cfs_rq , se ) ;
switched_from_fair ( rq , p ) ;
*
* such that the next switched_to_fair ( ) has the
* expected state .
*/
se->avg.last_update_time = cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
return ;
}
if (cap > 0 ) {
if (cfs_rq->avg.util_avg != 0 ) {
sa->util_avg = cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * se_weight(se);
sa->util_avg /= (cfs_rq->avg.load_avg + 1 );
if (sa->util_avg > cap)
sa->util_avg = cap;
} else {
sa->util_avg = cap;
}
}
sa->runnable_avg = sa->util_avg;
}
static s64 update_se(struct rq *rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
u64 now = rq_clock_task(rq);
s64 delta_exec;
delta_exec = now - se->exec_start;
if (unlikely(delta_exec <= 0 ))
return delta_exec;
se->exec_start = now;
if (entity_is_task(se)) {
struct task_struct *donor = task_of(se);
struct task_struct *running = rq->curr;
/*
* If se is a task , we account the time against the running
* task , as w / proxy - exec they may not be the same .
*/
running->se.exec_start = now;
running->se.sum_exec_runtime += delta_exec;
trace_sched_stat_runtime(running, delta_exec);
account_group_exec_runtime(running, delta_exec);
/* cgroup time is always accounted against the donor */
cgroup_account_cputime(donor, delta_exec);
} else {
/* If not task, account the time against donor se */
se->sum_exec_runtime += delta_exec;
}
if (schedstat_enabled()) {
struct sched_statistics *stats;
stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
__schedstat_set(stats->exec_max,
max(delta_exec, stats->exec_max));
}
return delta_exec;
}
/*
* Used by other classes to account runtime .
*/
s64 update_curr_common(struct rq *rq)
{
return update_se(rq, &rq->donor->se);
}
/*
* Update the current task ' s runtime statistics .
*/
static void update_curr(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
/*
* Note : cfs_rq - > curr corresponds to the task picked to
* run ( ie : rq - > donor . se ) which due to proxy - exec may
* not necessarily be the actual task running
* ( rq - > curr . se ) . This is easy to confuse !
*/
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
s64 delta_exec;
bool resched;
if (unlikely(!curr))
return ;
delta_exec = update_se(rq, curr);
if (unlikely(delta_exec <= 0 ))
return ;
curr->vruntime += calc_delta_fair(delta_exec, curr);
resched = update_deadline(cfs_rq, curr);
update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq);
if (entity_is_task(curr)) {
/*
* If the fair_server is active , we need to account for the
* fair_server time whether or not the task is running on
* behalf of fair_server or not :
* - If the task is running on behalf of fair_server , we need
* to limit its time based on the assigned runtime .
* - Fair task that runs outside of fair_server should account
* against fair_server such that it can account for this time
* and possibly avoid running this period .
*/
if (dl_server_active(&rq->fair_server))
dl_server_update(&rq->fair_server, delta_exec);
}
account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, delta_exec);
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued == 1 )
return ;
if (resched || !protect_slice(curr)) {
resched_curr_lazy(rq);
clear_buddies(cfs_rq, curr);
}
}
static void update_curr_fair(struct rq *rq)
{
update_curr(cfs_rq_of(&rq->donor->se));
}
static inline void
update_stats_wait_start_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct sched_statistics *stats;
struct task_struct *p = NULL;
if (!schedstat_enabled())
return ;
stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
if (entity_is_task(se))
p = task_of(se);
__update_stats_wait_start(rq_of(cfs_rq), p, stats);
}
static inline void
update_stats_wait_end_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct sched_statistics *stats;
struct task_struct *p = NULL;
if (!schedstat_enabled())
return ;
stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
/*
* When the sched_schedstat changes from 0 to 1 , some sched se
* maybe already in the runqueue , the se - > statistics . wait_start
* will be 0 . So it will let the delta wrong . We need to avoid this
* scenario .
*/
if (unlikely(!schedstat_val(stats->wait_start)))
return ;
if (entity_is_task(se))
p = task_of(se);
__update_stats_wait_end(rq_of(cfs_rq), p, stats);
}
static inline void
update_stats_enqueue_sleeper_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct sched_statistics *stats;
struct task_struct *tsk = NULL;
if (!schedstat_enabled())
return ;
stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
if (entity_is_task(se))
tsk = task_of(se);
__update_stats_enqueue_sleeper(rq_of(cfs_rq), tsk, stats);
}
/*
* Task is being enqueued - update stats :
*/
static inline void
update_stats_enqueue_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
if (!schedstat_enabled())
return ;
/*
* Are we enqueueing a waiting task ? ( for current tasks
* a dequeue / enqueue event is a NOP )
*/
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
update_stats_wait_start_fair(cfs_rq, se);
if (flags & ENQUEUE_WAKEUP)
update_stats_enqueue_sleeper_fair(cfs_rq, se);
}
static inline void
update_stats_dequeue_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
if (!schedstat_enabled())
return ;
/*
* Mark the end of the wait period if dequeueing a
* waiting task :
*/
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
update_stats_wait_end_fair(cfs_rq, se);
if ((flags & DEQUEUE_SLEEP) && entity_is_task(se)) {
struct task_struct *tsk = task_of(se);
unsigned int state;
/* XXX racy against TTWU */
state = READ_ONCE(tsk->__state);
if (state & TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE)
__schedstat_set(tsk->stats.sleep_start,
rq_clock(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
if (state & TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
__schedstat_set(tsk->stats.block_start,
rq_clock(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
}
}
/*
* We are picking a new current task - update its stats :
*/
static inline void
update_stats_curr_start(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
/*
* We are starting a new run period :
*/
se->exec_start = rq_clock_task(rq_of(cfs_rq));
}
/**************************************************
* Scheduling class queueing methods :
*/
static inline bool is_core_idle(int cpu)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
int sibling;
for_each_cpu(sibling, cpu_smt_mask(cpu)) {
if (cpu == sibling)
continue ;
if (!idle_cpu(sibling))
return false ;
}
#endif
return true ;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
#define NUMA_IMBALANCE_MIN 2
static inline long
adjust_numa_imbalance(int imbalance, int dst_running, int imb_numa_nr)
{
/*
* Allow a NUMA imbalance if busy CPUs is less than the maximum
* threshold . Above this threshold , individual tasks may be contending
* for both memory bandwidth and any shared HT resources . This is an
* approximation as the number of running tasks may not be related to
* the number of busy CPUs due to sched_setaffinity .
*/
if (dst_running > imb_numa_nr)
return imbalance;
/*
* Allow a small imbalance based on a simple pair of communicating
* tasks that remain local when the destination is lightly loaded .
*/
if (imbalance <= NUMA_IMBALANCE_MIN)
return 0 ;
return imbalance;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
/*
* Approximate time to scan a full NUMA task in ms . The task scan period is
* calculated based on the tasks virtual memory size and
* numa_balancing_scan_size .
*/
unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_min = 1000 ;
unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max = 60000 ;
/* Portion of address space to scan in MB */
unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size = 256 ;
/* Scan @scan_size MB every @scan_period after an initial @scan_delay in ms */
unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay = 1000 ;
/* The page with hint page fault latency < threshold in ms is considered hot */
unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_hot_threshold = MSEC_PER_SEC;
struct numa_group {
refcount_t refcount;
spinlock_t lock; /* nr_tasks, tasks */
int nr_tasks;
pid_t gid;
int active_nodes;
struct rcu_head rcu;
unsigned long total_faults;
unsigned long max_faults_cpu;
/*
* faults [ ] array is split into two regions : faults_mem and faults_cpu .
*
* Faults_cpu is used to decide whether memory should move
* towards the CPU . As a consequence , these stats are weighted
* more by CPU use than by memory faults .
*/
unsigned long faults[];
};
/*
* For functions that can be called in multiple contexts that permit reading
* - > numa_group ( see struct task_struct for locking rules ) .
*/
static struct numa_group *deref_task_numa_group(struct task_struct *p)
{
return rcu_dereference_check(p->numa_group, p == current ||
(lockdep_is_held(__rq_lockp(task_rq(p))) && !READ_ONCE(p->on_cpu)));
}
static struct numa_group *deref_curr_numa_group(struct task_struct *p)
{
return rcu_dereference_protected(p->numa_group, p == current);
}
static inline unsigned long group_faults_priv(struct numa_group *ng);
static inline unsigned long group_faults_shared(struct numa_group *ng);
static unsigned int task_nr_scan_windows(struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned long rss = 0 ;
unsigned long nr_scan_pages;
/*
* Calculations based on RSS as non - present and empty pages are skipped
* by the PTE scanner and NUMA hinting faults should be trapped based
* on resident pages
*/
nr_scan_pages = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT);
rss = get_mm_rss(p->mm);
if (!rss)
rss = nr_scan_pages;
rss = round_up(rss, nr_scan_pages);
return rss / nr_scan_pages;
}
/* For sanity's sake, never scan more PTEs than MAX_SCAN_WINDOW MB/sec. */
#define MAX_SCAN_WINDOW 2560
static unsigned int task_scan_min(struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned int scan_size = READ_ONCE(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size);
unsigned int scan, floor;
unsigned int windows = 1 ;
if (scan_size < MAX_SCAN_WINDOW)
windows = MAX_SCAN_WINDOW / scan_size;
floor = 1000 / windows;
scan = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_min / task_nr_scan_windows(p);
return max_t(unsigned int , floor, scan);
}
static unsigned int task_scan_start(struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned long smin = task_scan_min(p);
unsigned long period = smin;
struct numa_group *ng;
/* Scale the maximum scan period with the amount of shared memory. */
rcu_read_lock();
ng = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
if (ng) {
unsigned long shared = group_faults_shared(ng);
unsigned long private = group_faults_priv(ng);
period *= refcount_read(&ng->refcount);
period *= shared + 1 ;
period /= private + shared + 1 ;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
return max(smin, period);
}
static unsigned int task_scan_max(struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned long smin = task_scan_min(p);
unsigned long smax;
struct numa_group *ng;
/* Watch for min being lower than max due to floor calculations */
smax = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max / task_nr_scan_windows(p);
/* Scale the maximum scan period with the amount of shared memory. */
ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
if (ng) {
unsigned long shared = group_faults_shared(ng);
unsigned long private = group_faults_priv(ng);
unsigned long period = smax;
period *= refcount_read(&ng->refcount);
period *= shared + 1 ;
period /= private + shared + 1 ;
smax = max(smax, period);
}
return max(smin, smax);
}
static void account_numa_enqueue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
rq->nr_numa_running += (p->numa_preferred_nid != NUMA_NO_NODE);
rq->nr_preferred_running += (p->numa_preferred_nid == task_node(p));
}
static void account_numa_dequeue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
rq->nr_numa_running -= (p->numa_preferred_nid != NUMA_NO_NODE);
rq->nr_preferred_running -= (p->numa_preferred_nid == task_node(p));
}
/* Shared or private faults. */
#define NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES 2
/* Memory and CPU locality */
#define NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS (NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES * 2 )
/* Averaged statistics, and temporary buffers. */
#define NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_BUCKETS (NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * 2 )
pid_t task_numa_group_id(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct numa_group *ng;
pid_t gid = 0 ;
rcu_read_lock();
ng = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
if (ng)
gid = ng->gid;
rcu_read_unlock();
return gid;
}
/*
* The averaged statistics , shared & private , memory & CPU ,
* occupy the first half of the array . The second half of the
* array is for current counters , which are averaged into the
* first set by task_numa_placement .
*/
static inline int task_faults_idx(enum numa_faults_stats s, int nid, int priv)
{
return NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES * (s * nr_node_ids + nid) + priv;
}
static inline unsigned long task_faults(struct task_struct *p, int nid)
{
if (!p->numa_faults)
return 0 ;
return p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 0 )] +
p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 1 )];
}
static inline unsigned long group_faults(struct task_struct *p, int nid)
{
struct numa_group *ng = deref_task_numa_group(p);
if (!ng)
return 0 ;
return ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 0 )] +
ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 1 )];
}
static inline unsigned long group_faults_cpu(struct numa_group *group, int nid)
{
return group->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPU, nid, 0 )] +
group->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPU, nid, 1 )];
}
static inline unsigned long group_faults_priv(struct numa_group *ng)
{
unsigned long faults = 0 ;
int node;
for_each_online_node(node) {
faults += ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 1 )];
}
return faults;
}
static inline unsigned long group_faults_shared(struct numa_group *ng)
{
unsigned long faults = 0 ;
int node;
for_each_online_node(node) {
faults += ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 0 )];
}
return faults;
}
/*
* A node triggering more than 1 / 3 as many NUMA faults as the maximum is
* considered part of a numa group ' s pseudo - interleaving set . Migrations
* between these nodes are slowed down , to allow things to settle down .
*/
#define ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION 3
static bool numa_is_active_node(int nid, struct numa_group *ng)
{
return group_faults_cpu(ng, nid) * ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION > ng->max_faults_cpu;
}
/* Handle placement on systems where not all nodes are directly connected. */
static unsigned long score_nearby_nodes(struct task_struct *p, int nid,
int lim_dist, bool task)
{
unsigned long score = 0 ;
int node, max_dist;
/*
* All nodes are directly connected , and the same distance
* from each other . No need for fancy placement algorithms .
*/
if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_DIRECT)
return 0 ;
/* sched_max_numa_distance may be changed in parallel. */
max_dist = READ_ONCE(sched_max_numa_distance);
/*
* This code is called for each node , introducing N ^ 2 complexity ,
* which should be OK given the number of nodes rarely exceeds 8 .
*/
for_each_online_node(node) {
unsigned long faults;
int dist = node_distance(nid, node);
/*
* The furthest away nodes in the system are not interesting
* for placement ; nid was already counted .
*/
if (dist >= max_dist || node == nid)
continue ;
/*
* On systems with a backplane NUMA topology , compare groups
* of nodes , and move tasks towards the group with the most
* memory accesses . When comparing two nodes at distance
* " hoplimit " , only nodes closer by than " hoplimit " are part
* of each group . Skip other nodes .
*/
if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_BACKPLANE && dist >= lim_dist)
continue ;
/* Add up the faults from nearby nodes. */
if (task)
faults = task_faults(p, node);
else
faults = group_faults(p, node);
/*
* On systems with a glueless mesh NUMA topology , there are
* no fixed " groups of nodes " . Instead , nodes that are not
* directly connected bounce traffic through intermediate
* nodes ; a numa_group can occupy any set of nodes .
* The further away a node is , the less the faults count .
* This seems to result in good task placement .
*/
if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_GLUELESS_MESH) {
faults *= (max_dist - dist);
faults /= (max_dist - LOCAL_DISTANCE);
}
score += faults;
}
return score;
}
/*
* These return the fraction of accesses done by a particular task , or
* task group , on a particular numa node . The group weight is given a
* larger multiplier , in order to group tasks together that are almost
* evenly spread out between numa nodes .
*/
static inline unsigned long task_weight(struct task_struct *p, int nid,
int dist)
{
unsigned long faults, total_faults;
if (!p->numa_faults)
return 0 ;
total_faults = p->total_numa_faults;
if (!total_faults)
return 0 ;
faults = task_faults(p, nid);
faults += score_nearby_nodes(p, nid, dist, true );
return 1000 * faults / total_faults;
}
static inline unsigned long group_weight(struct task_struct *p, int nid,
int dist)
{
struct numa_group *ng = deref_task_numa_group(p);
unsigned long faults, total_faults;
if (!ng)
return 0 ;
total_faults = ng->total_faults;
if (!total_faults)
return 0 ;
faults = group_faults(p, nid);
faults += score_nearby_nodes(p, nid, dist, false );
return 1000 * faults / total_faults;
}
/*
* If memory tiering mode is enabled , cpupid of slow memory page is
* used to record scan time instead of CPU and PID . When tiering mode
* is disabled at run time , the scan time ( in cpupid ) will be
* interpreted as CPU and PID . So CPU needs to be checked to avoid to
* access out of array bound .
*/
static inline bool cpupid_valid(int cpupid)
{
return cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid) < nr_cpu_ids;
}
/*
* For memory tiering mode , if there are enough free pages ( more than
* enough watermark defined here ) in fast memory node , to take full
* advantage of fast memory capacity , all recently accessed slow
* memory pages will be migrated to fast memory node without
* considering hot threshold .
*/
static bool pgdat_free_space_enough(struct pglist_data *pgdat)
{
int z;
unsigned long enough_wmark;
enough_wmark = max(1 UL * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 >> PAGE_SHIFT,
pgdat->node_present_pages >> 4 );
for (z = pgdat->nr_zones - 1 ; z >= 0 ; z--) {
struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + z;
if (!populated_zone(zone))
continue ;
if (zone_watermark_ok(zone, 0 ,
promo_wmark_pages(zone) + enough_wmark,
ZONE_MOVABLE, 0 ))
return true ;
}
return false ;
}
/*
* For memory tiering mode , when page tables are scanned , the scan
* time will be recorded in struct page in addition to make page
* PROT_NONE for slow memory page . So when the page is accessed , in
* hint page fault handler , the hint page fault latency is calculated
* via ,
*
* hint page fault latency = hint page fault time - scan time
*
* The smaller the hint page fault latency , the higher the possibility
* for the page to be hot .
*/
static int numa_hint_fault_latency(struct folio *folio)
{
int last_time, time;
time = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies);
last_time = folio_xchg_access_time(folio, time);
return (time - last_time) & PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_MASK;
}
/*
* For memory tiering mode , too high promotion / demotion throughput may
* hurt application latency . So we provide a mechanism to rate limit
* the number of pages that are tried to be promoted .
*/
static bool numa_promotion_rate_limit(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
unsigned long rate_limit, int nr)
{
unsigned long nr_cand;
unsigned int now, start;
now = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies);
mod_node_page_state(pgdat, PGPROMOTE_CANDIDATE, nr);
nr_cand = node_page_state(pgdat, PGPROMOTE_CANDIDATE);
start = pgdat->nbp_rl_start;
if (now - start > MSEC_PER_SEC &&
cmpxchg(&pgdat->nbp_rl_start, start, now) == start)
pgdat->nbp_rl_nr_cand = nr_cand;
if (nr_cand - pgdat->nbp_rl_nr_cand >= rate_limit)
return true ;
return false ;
}
#define NUMA_MIGRATION_ADJUST_STEPS 16
static void numa_promotion_adjust_threshold(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
unsigned long rate_limit,
unsigned int ref_th)
{
unsigned int now, start, th_period, unit_th, th;
unsigned long nr_cand, ref_cand, diff_cand;
now = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies);
th_period = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max;
start = pgdat->nbp_th_start;
if (now - start > th_period &&
cmpxchg(&pgdat->nbp_th_start, start, now) == start) {
ref_cand = rate_limit *
sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max / MSEC_PER_SEC;
nr_cand = node_page_state(pgdat, PGPROMOTE_CANDIDATE);
diff_cand = nr_cand - pgdat->nbp_th_nr_cand;
unit_th = ref_th * 2 / NUMA_MIGRATION_ADJUST_STEPS;
th = pgdat->nbp_threshold ? : ref_th;
if (diff_cand > ref_cand * 11 / 10 )
th = max(th - unit_th, unit_th);
else if (diff_cand < ref_cand * 9 / 10 )
th = min(th + unit_th, ref_th * 2 );
pgdat->nbp_th_nr_cand = nr_cand;
pgdat->nbp_threshold = th;
}
}
bool should_numa_migrate_memory(struct task_struct *p, struct folio *folio,
int src_nid, int dst_cpu)
{
struct numa_group *ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
int dst_nid = cpu_to_node(dst_cpu);
int last_cpupid, this_cpupid;
/*
* Cannot migrate to memoryless nodes .
*/
if (!node_state(dst_nid, N_MEMORY))
return false ;
/*
* The pages in slow memory node should be migrated according
* to hot / cold instead of private / shared .
*/
if (folio_use_access_time(folio)) {
struct pglist_data *pgdat;
unsigned long rate_limit;
unsigned int latency, th, def_th;
pgdat = NODE_DATA(dst_nid);
if (pgdat_free_space_enough(pgdat)) {
/* workload changed, reset hot threshold */
pgdat->nbp_threshold = 0 ;
return true ;
}
def_th = sysctl_numa_balancing_hot_threshold;
rate_limit = sysctl_numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit << \
(20 - PAGE_SHIFT);
numa_promotion_adjust_threshold(pgdat, rate_limit, def_th);
th = pgdat->nbp_threshold ? : def_th;
latency = numa_hint_fault_latency(folio);
if (latency >= th)
return false ;
return !numa_promotion_rate_limit(pgdat, rate_limit,
folio_nr_pages(folio));
}
this_cpupid = cpu_pid_to_cpupid(dst_cpu, current->pid);
last_cpupid = folio_xchg_last_cpupid(folio, this_cpupid);
if (!(sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING) &&
!node_is_toptier(src_nid) && !cpupid_valid(last_cpupid))
return false ;
/*
* Allow first faults or private faults to migrate immediately early in
* the lifetime of a task . The magic number 4 is based on waiting for
* two full passes of the " multi - stage node selection " test that is
* executed below .
*/
if ((p->numa_preferred_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE || p->numa_scan_seq <= 4 ) &&
(cpupid_pid_unset(last_cpupid) || cpupid_match_pid(p, last_cpupid)))
return true ;
/*
* Multi - stage node selection is used in conjunction with a periodic
* migration fault to build a temporal task < - > page relation . By using
* a two - stage filter we remove short / unlikely relations .
*
* Using P ( p ) ~ n_p / n_t as per frequentist probability , we can equate
* a task ' s usage of a particular page ( n_p ) per total usage of this
* page ( n_t ) ( in a given time - span ) to a probability .
*
* Our periodic faults will sample this probability and getting the
* same result twice in a row , given these samples are fully
* independent , is then given by P ( n ) ^ 2 , provided our sample period
* is sufficiently short compared to the usage pattern .
*
* This quadric squishes small probabilities , making it less likely we
* act on an unlikely task < - > page relation .
*/
if (!cpupid_pid_unset(last_cpupid) &&
cpupid_to_nid(last_cpupid) != dst_nid)
return false ;
/* Always allow migrate on private faults */
if (cpupid_match_pid(p, last_cpupid))
return true ;
/* A shared fault, but p->numa_group has not been set up yet. */
if (!ng)
return true ;
/*
* Destination node is much more heavily used than the source
* node ? Allow migration .
*/
if (group_faults_cpu(ng, dst_nid) > group_faults_cpu(ng, src_nid) *
ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION)
return true ;
/*
* Distribute memory according to CPU & memory use on each node ,
* with 3 / 4 hysteresis to avoid unnecessary memory migrations :
*
* faults_cpu ( dst ) 3 faults_cpu ( src )
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * - > - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* faults_mem ( dst ) 4 faults_mem ( src )
*/
return group_faults_cpu(ng, dst_nid) * group_faults(p, src_nid) * 3 >
group_faults_cpu(ng, src_nid) * group_faults(p, dst_nid) * 4 ;
}
/*
* ' numa_type ' describes the node at the moment of load balancing .
*/
enum numa_type {
/* The node has spare capacity that can be used to run more tasks. */
node_has_spare = 0 ,
/*
* The node is fully used and the tasks don ' t compete for more CPU
* cycles . Nevertheless , some tasks might wait before running .
*/
node_fully_busy,
/*
* The node is overloaded and can ' t provide expected CPU cycles to all
* tasks .
*/
node_overloaded
};
/* Cached statistics for all CPUs within a node */
struct numa_stats {
unsigned long load;
unsigned long runnable;
unsigned long util;
/* Total compute capacity of CPUs on a node */
unsigned long compute_capacity;
unsigned int nr_running;
unsigned int weight;
enum numa_type node_type;
int idle_cpu;
};
struct task_numa_env {
struct task_struct *p;
int src_cpu, src_nid;
int dst_cpu, dst_nid;
int imb_numa_nr;
struct numa_stats src_stats, dst_stats;
int imbalance_pct;
int dist;
struct task_struct *best_task;
long best_imp;
int best_cpu;
};
static unsigned long cpu_load(struct rq *rq);
static unsigned long cpu_runnable(struct rq *rq);
static inline enum
numa_type numa_classify(unsigned int imbalance_pct,
struct numa_stats *ns)
{
if ((ns->nr_running > ns->weight) &&
(((ns->compute_capacity * 100 ) < (ns->util * imbalance_pct)) ||
((ns->compute_capacity * imbalance_pct) < (ns->runnable * 100 ))))
return node_overloaded;
if ((ns->nr_running < ns->weight) ||
(((ns->compute_capacity * 100 ) > (ns->util * imbalance_pct)) &&
((ns->compute_capacity * imbalance_pct) > (ns->runnable * 100 ))))
return node_has_spare;
return node_fully_busy;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
/* Forward declarations of select_idle_sibling helpers */
static inline bool test_idle_cores(int cpu);
static inline int numa_idle_core(int idle_core, int cpu)
{
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_smt_present) ||
idle_core >= 0 || !test_idle_cores(cpu))
return idle_core;
/*
* Prefer cores instead of packing HT siblings
* and triggering future load balancing .
*/
if (is_core_idle(cpu))
idle_core = cpu;
return idle_core;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_SCHED_SMT: */
static inline int numa_idle_core(int idle_core, int cpu)
{
return idle_core;
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_SCHED_SMT */
/*
* Gather all necessary information to make NUMA balancing placement
* decisions that are compatible with standard load balancer . This
* borrows code and logic from update_sg_lb_stats but sharing a
* common implementation is impractical .
*/
static void update_numa_stats(struct task_numa_env *env,
struct numa_stats *ns, int nid,
bool find_idle)
{
int cpu, idle_core = -1 ;
memset(ns, 0 , sizeof (*ns));
ns->idle_cpu = -1 ;
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask_of_node(nid)) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
ns->load += cpu_load(rq);
ns->runnable += cpu_runnable(rq);
ns->util += cpu_util_cfs(cpu);
ns->nr_running += rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable;
ns->compute_capacity += capacity_of(cpu);
if (find_idle && idle_core < 0 && !rq->nr_running && idle_cpu(cpu)) {
if (READ_ONCE(rq->numa_migrate_on) ||
!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, env->p->cpus_ptr))
continue ;
if (ns->idle_cpu == -1 )
ns->idle_cpu = cpu;
idle_core = numa_idle_core(idle_core, cpu);
}
}
rcu_read_unlock();
ns->weight = cpumask_weight(cpumask_of_node(nid));
ns->node_type = numa_classify(env->imbalance_pct, ns);
if (idle_core >= 0 )
ns->idle_cpu = idle_core;
}
static void task_numa_assign(struct task_numa_env *env,
struct task_struct *p, long imp)
{
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu);
/* Check if run-queue part of active NUMA balance. */
if (env->best_cpu != env->dst_cpu && xchg(&rq->numa_migrate_on, 1 )) {
int cpu;
int start = env->dst_cpu;
/* Find alternative idle CPU. */
for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, cpumask_of_node(env->dst_nid), start + 1 ) {
if (cpu == env->best_cpu || !idle_cpu(cpu) ||
!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, env->p->cpus_ptr)) {
continue ;
}
env->dst_cpu = cpu;
rq = cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu);
if (!xchg(&rq->numa_migrate_on, 1 ))
goto assign;
}
/* Failed to find an alternative idle CPU */
return ;
}
assign:
/*
* Clear previous best_cpu / rq numa - migrate flag , since task now
* found a better CPU to move / swap .
*/
if (env->best_cpu != -1 && env->best_cpu != env->dst_cpu) {
rq = cpu_rq(env->best_cpu);
WRITE_ONCE(rq->numa_migrate_on, 0 );
}
if (env->best_task)
put_task_struct(env->best_task);
if (p)
get_task_struct(p);
env->best_task = p;
env->best_imp = imp;
env->best_cpu = env->dst_cpu;
}
static bool load_too_imbalanced(long src_load, long dst_load,
struct task_numa_env *env)
{
long imb, old_imb;
long orig_src_load, orig_dst_load;
long src_capacity, dst_capacity;
/*
* The load is corrected for the CPU capacity available on each node .
*
* src_load dst_load
* - - - - - - - - - - - - vs - - - - - - - - -
* src_capacity dst_capacity
*/
src_capacity = env->src_stats.compute_capacity;
dst_capacity = env->dst_stats.compute_capacity;
imb = abs(dst_load * src_capacity - src_load * dst_capacity);
orig_src_load = env->src_stats.load;
orig_dst_load = env->dst_stats.load;
old_imb = abs(orig_dst_load * src_capacity - orig_src_load * dst_capacity);
/* Would this change make things worse? */
return (imb > old_imb);
}
/*
* Maximum NUMA importance can be 1998 ( 2 * 999 ) ;
* SMALLIMP @ 30 would be close to 1998 / 64 .
* Used to deter task migration .
*/
#define SMALLIMP 30
/*
* This checks if the overall compute and NUMA accesses of the system would
* be improved if the source tasks was migrated to the target dst_cpu taking
* into account that it might be best if task running on the dst_cpu should
* be exchanged with the source task
*/
static bool task_numa_compare(struct task_numa_env *env,
long taskimp, long groupimp, bool maymove)
{
struct numa_group *cur_ng, *p_ng = deref_curr_numa_group(env->p);
struct rq *dst_rq = cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu);
long imp = p_ng ? groupimp : taskimp;
struct task_struct *cur;
long src_load, dst_load;
int dist = env->dist;
long moveimp = imp;
long load;
bool stopsearch = false ;
if (READ_ONCE(dst_rq->numa_migrate_on))
return false ;
rcu_read_lock();
cur = rcu_dereference(dst_rq->curr);
if (cur && ((cur->flags & (PF_EXITING | PF_KTHREAD)) ||
!cur->mm))
cur = NULL;
/*
* Because we have preemption enabled we can get migrated around and
* end try selecting ourselves ( current = = env - > p ) as a swap candidate .
*/
if (cur == env->p) {
stopsearch = true ;
goto unlock;
}
if (!cur) {
if (maymove && moveimp >= env->best_imp)
goto assign;
else
goto unlock;
}
/* Skip this swap candidate if cannot move to the source cpu. */
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(env->src_cpu, cur->cpus_ptr))
goto unlock;
/*
* Skip this swap candidate if it is not moving to its preferred
* node and the best task is .
*/
if (env->best_task &&
env->best_task->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid &&
cur->numa_preferred_nid != env->src_nid) {
goto unlock;
}
/*
* " imp " is the fault differential for the source task between the
* source and destination node . Calculate the total differential for
* the source task and potential destination task . The more negative
* the value is , the more remote accesses that would be expected to
* be incurred if the tasks were swapped .
*
* If dst and source tasks are in the same NUMA group , or not
* in any group then look only at task weights .
*/
cur_ng = rcu_dereference(cur->numa_group);
if (cur_ng == p_ng) {
/*
* Do not swap within a group or between tasks that have
* no group if there is spare capacity . Swapping does
* not address the load imbalance and helps one task at
* the cost of punishing another .
*/
if (env->dst_stats.node_type == node_has_spare)
goto unlock;
imp = taskimp + task_weight(cur, env->src_nid, dist) -
task_weight(cur, env->dst_nid, dist);
/*
* Add some hysteresis to prevent swapping the
* tasks within a group over tiny differences .
*/
if (cur_ng)
imp -= imp / 16 ;
} else {
/*
* Compare the group weights . If a task is all by itself
* ( not part of a group ) , use the task weight instead .
*/
if (cur_ng && p_ng)
imp += group_weight(cur, env->src_nid, dist) -
group_weight(cur, env->dst_nid, dist);
else
imp += task_weight(cur, env->src_nid, dist) -
task_weight(cur, env->dst_nid, dist);
}
/* Discourage picking a task already on its preferred node */
if (cur->numa_preferred_nid == env->dst_nid)
imp -= imp / 16 ;
/*
* Encourage picking a task that moves to its preferred node .
* This potentially makes imp larger than it ' s maximum of
* 1998 ( see SMALLIMP and task_weight for why ) but in this
* case , it does not matter .
*/
if (cur->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid)
imp += imp / 8 ;
if (maymove && moveimp > imp && moveimp > env->best_imp) {
imp = moveimp;
cur = NULL;
goto assign;
}
/*
* Prefer swapping with a task moving to its preferred node over a
* task that is not .
*/
if (env->best_task && cur->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid &&
env->best_task->numa_preferred_nid != env->src_nid) {
goto assign;
}
/*
* If the NUMA importance is less than SMALLIMP ,
* task migration might only result in ping pong
* of tasks and also hurt performance due to cache
* misses .
*/
if (imp < SMALLIMP || imp <= env->best_imp + SMALLIMP / 2 )
goto unlock;
/*
* In the overloaded case , try and keep the load balanced .
*/
load = task_h_load(env->p) - task_h_load(cur);
if (!load)
goto assign;
dst_load = env->dst_stats.load + load;
src_load = env->src_stats.load - load;
if (load_too_imbalanced(src_load, dst_load, env))
goto unlock;
assign:
/* Evaluate an idle CPU for a task numa move. */
if (!cur) {
int cpu = env->dst_stats.idle_cpu;
/* Nothing cached so current CPU went idle since the search. */
if (cpu < 0 )
cpu = env->dst_cpu;
/*
* If the CPU is no longer truly idle and the previous best CPU
* is , keep using it .
*/
if (!idle_cpu(cpu) && env->best_cpu >= 0 &&
idle_cpu(env->best_cpu)) {
cpu = env->best_cpu;
}
env->dst_cpu = cpu;
}
task_numa_assign(env, cur, imp);
/*
* If a move to idle is allowed because there is capacity or load
* balance improves then stop the search . While a better swap
* candidate may exist , a search is not free .
*/
if (maymove && !cur && env->best_cpu >= 0 && idle_cpu(env->best_cpu))
stopsearch = true ;
/*
* If a swap candidate must be identified and the current best task
* moves its preferred node then stop the search .
*/
if (!maymove && env->best_task &&
env->best_task->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid) {
stopsearch = true ;
}
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
return stopsearch;
}
static void task_numa_find_cpu(struct task_numa_env *env,
long taskimp, long groupimp)
{
bool maymove = false ;
int cpu;
/*
* If dst node has spare capacity , then check if there is an
* imbalance that would be overruled by the load balancer .
*/
if (env->dst_stats.node_type == node_has_spare) {
unsigned int imbalance;
int src_running, dst_running;
/*
* Would movement cause an imbalance ? Note that if src has
* more running tasks that the imbalance is ignored as the
* move improves the imbalance from the perspective of the
* CPU load balancer .
* */
src_running = env->src_stats.nr_running - 1 ;
dst_running = env->dst_stats.nr_running + 1 ;
imbalance = max(0 , dst_running - src_running);
imbalance = adjust_numa_imbalance(imbalance, dst_running,
env->imb_numa_nr);
/* Use idle CPU if there is no imbalance */
if (!imbalance) {
maymove = true ;
if (env->dst_stats.idle_cpu >= 0 ) {
env->dst_cpu = env->dst_stats.idle_cpu;
task_numa_assign(env, NULL, 0 );
return ;
}
}
} else {
long src_load, dst_load, load;
/*
* If the improvement from just moving env - > p direction is better
* than swapping tasks around , check if a move is possible .
*/
load = task_h_load(env->p);
dst_load = env->dst_stats.load + load;
src_load = env->src_stats.load - load;
maymove = !load_too_imbalanced(src_load, dst_load, env);
}
for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask_of_node(env->dst_nid)) {
/* Skip this CPU if the source task cannot migrate */
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, env->p->cpus_ptr))
continue ;
env->dst_cpu = cpu;
if (task_numa_compare(env, taskimp, groupimp, maymove))
break ;
}
}
static int task_numa_migrate(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct task_numa_env env = {
.p = p,
.src_cpu = task_cpu(p),
.src_nid = task_node(p),
.imbalance_pct = 112 ,
.best_task = NULL,
.best_imp = 0 ,
.best_cpu = -1 ,
};
unsigned long taskweight, groupweight;
struct sched_domain *sd;
long taskimp, groupimp;
struct numa_group *ng;
struct rq *best_rq;
int nid, ret, dist;
/*
* Pick the lowest SD_NUMA domain , as that would have the smallest
* imbalance and would be the first to start moving tasks about .
*
* And we want to avoid any moving of tasks about , as that would create
* random movement of tasks - - counter the numa conditions we ' re trying
* to satisfy here .
*/
rcu_read_lock();
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_numa, env.src_cpu));
if (sd) {
env.imbalance_pct = 100 + (sd->imbalance_pct - 100 ) / 2 ;
env.imb_numa_nr = sd->imb_numa_nr;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
/*
* Cpusets can break the scheduler domain tree into smaller
* balance domains , some of which do not cross NUMA boundaries .
* Tasks that are " trapped " in such domains cannot be migrated
* elsewhere , so there is no point in ( re ) trying .
*/
if (unlikely(!sd)) {
sched_setnuma(p, task_node(p));
return -EINVAL;
}
env.dst_nid = p->numa_preferred_nid;
dist = env.dist = node_distance(env.src_nid, env.dst_nid);
taskweight = task_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
groupweight = group_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
update_numa_stats(&env, &env.src_stats, env.src_nid, false );
taskimp = task_weight(p, env.dst_nid, dist) - taskweight;
groupimp = group_weight(p, env.dst_nid, dist) - groupweight;
update_numa_stats(&env, &env.dst_stats, env.dst_nid, true );
/* Try to find a spot on the preferred nid. */
task_numa_find_cpu(&env, taskimp, groupimp);
/*
* Look at other nodes in these cases :
* - there is no space available on the preferred_nid
* - the task is part of a numa_group that is interleaved across
* multiple NUMA nodes ; in order to better consolidate the group ,
* we need to check other locations .
*/
ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
if (env.best_cpu == -1 || (ng && ng->active_nodes > 1 )) {
for_each_node_state(nid, N_CPU) {
if (nid == env.src_nid || nid == p->numa_preferred_nid)
continue ;
dist = node_distance(env.src_nid, env.dst_nid);
if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_BACKPLANE &&
dist != env.dist) {
taskweight = task_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
groupweight = group_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
}
/* Only consider nodes where both task and groups benefit */
taskimp = task_weight(p, nid, dist) - taskweight;
groupimp = group_weight(p, nid, dist) - groupweight;
if (taskimp < 0 && groupimp < 0 )
continue ;
env.dist = dist;
env.dst_nid = nid;
update_numa_stats(&env, &env.dst_stats, env.dst_nid, true );
task_numa_find_cpu(&env, taskimp, groupimp);
}
}
/*
* If the task is part of a workload that spans multiple NUMA nodes ,
* and is migrating into one of the workload ' s active nodes , remember
* this node as the task ' s preferred numa node , so the workload can
* settle down .
* A task that migrated to a second choice node will be better off
* trying for a better one later . Do not set the preferred node here .
*/
if (ng) {
if (env.best_cpu == -1 )
nid = env.src_nid;
else
nid = cpu_to_node(env.best_cpu);
if (nid != p->numa_preferred_nid)
sched_setnuma(p, nid);
}
/* No better CPU than the current one was found. */
if (env.best_cpu == -1 ) {
trace_sched_stick_numa(p, env.src_cpu, NULL, -1 );
return -EAGAIN;
}
best_rq = cpu_rq(env.best_cpu);
if (env.best_task == NULL) {
ret = migrate_task_to(p, env.best_cpu);
WRITE_ONCE(best_rq->numa_migrate_on, 0 );
if (ret != 0 )
trace_sched_stick_numa(p, env.src_cpu, NULL, env.best_cpu);
return ret;
}
ret = migrate_swap(p, env.best_task, env.best_cpu, env.src_cpu);
WRITE_ONCE(best_rq->numa_migrate_on, 0 );
if (ret != 0 )
trace_sched_stick_numa(p, env.src_cpu, env.best_task, env.best_cpu);
put_task_struct(env.best_task);
return ret;
}
/* Attempt to migrate a task to a CPU on the preferred node. */
static void numa_migrate_preferred(struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned long interval = HZ;
/* This task has no NUMA fault statistics yet */
if (unlikely(p->numa_preferred_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE || !p->numa_faults))
return ;
/* Periodically retry migrating the task to the preferred node */
interval = min(interval, msecs_to_jiffies(p->numa_scan_period) / 16 );
p->numa_migrate_retry = jiffies + interval;
/* Success if task is already running on preferred CPU */
if (task_node(p) == p->numa_preferred_nid)
return ;
/* Otherwise, try migrate to a CPU on the preferred node */
task_numa_migrate(p);
}
/*
* Find out how many nodes the workload is actively running on . Do this by
* tracking the nodes from which NUMA hinting faults are triggered . This can
* be different from the set of nodes where the workload ' s memory is currently
* located .
*/
static void numa_group_count_active_nodes(struct numa_group *numa_group)
{
unsigned long faults, max_faults = 0 ;
int nid, active_nodes = 0 ;
for_each_node_state(nid, N_CPU) {
faults = group_faults_cpu(numa_group, nid);
if (faults > max_faults)
max_faults = faults;
}
for_each_node_state(nid, N_CPU) {
faults = group_faults_cpu(numa_group, nid);
if (faults * ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION > max_faults)
active_nodes++;
}
numa_group->max_faults_cpu = max_faults;
numa_group->active_nodes = active_nodes;
}
/*
* When adapting the scan rate , the period is divided into NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS
* increments . The more local the fault statistics are , the higher the scan
* period will be for the next scan window . If local / ( local + remote ) ratio is
* below NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD ( where range of ratio is 1 . . NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS )
* the scan period will decrease . Aim for 70 % local accesses .
*/
#define NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS 10
#define NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD 7
/*
* Increase the scan period ( slow down scanning ) if the majority of
* our memory is already on our local node , or if the majority of
* the page accesses are shared with other processes .
* Otherwise , decrease the scan period .
*/
static void update_task_scan_period(struct task_struct *p,
unsigned long shared, unsigned long private )
{
unsigned int period_slot;
int lr_ratio, ps_ratio;
int diff;
unsigned long remote = p->numa_faults_locality[0 ];
unsigned long local = p->numa_faults_locality[1 ];
/*
* If there were no record hinting faults then either the task is
* completely idle or all activity is in areas that are not of interest
* to automatic numa balancing . Related to that , if there were failed
* migration then it implies we are migrating too quickly or the local
* node is overloaded . In either case , scan slower
*/
if (local + shared == 0 || p->numa_faults_locality[2 ]) {
p->numa_scan_period = min(p->numa_scan_period_max,
p->numa_scan_period << 1 );
p->mm->numa_next_scan = jiffies +
msecs_to_jiffies(p->numa_scan_period);
return ;
}
/*
* Prepare to scale scan period relative to the current period .
* = = NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD scan period stays the same
* < NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD scan period decreases ( scan faster )
* > = NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD scan period increases ( scan slower )
*/
period_slot = DIV_ROUND_UP(p->numa_scan_period, NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS);
lr_ratio = (local * NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS) / (local + remote);
ps_ratio = (private * NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS) / (private + shared);
if (ps_ratio >= NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD) {
/*
* Most memory accesses are local . There is no need to
* do fast NUMA scanning , since memory is already local .
*/
int slot = ps_ratio - NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD;
if (!slot)
slot = 1 ;
diff = slot * period_slot;
} else if (lr_ratio >= NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD) {
/*
* Most memory accesses are shared with other tasks .
* There is no point in continuing fast NUMA scanning ,
* since other tasks may just move the memory elsewhere .
*/
int slot = lr_ratio - NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD;
if (!slot)
slot = 1 ;
diff = slot * period_slot;
} else {
/*
* Private memory faults exceed ( SLOTS - THRESHOLD ) / SLOTS ,
* yet they are not on the local NUMA node . Speed up
* NUMA scanning to get the memory moved over .
*/
int ratio = max(lr_ratio, ps_ratio);
diff = -(NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD - ratio) * period_slot;
}
p->numa_scan_period = clamp(p->numa_scan_period + diff,
task_scan_min(p), task_scan_max(p));
memset(p->numa_faults_locality, 0 , sizeof (p->numa_faults_locality));
}
/*
* Get the fraction of time the task has been running since the last
* NUMA placement cycle . The scheduler keeps similar statistics , but
* decays those on a 32 ms period , which is orders of magnitude off
* from the dozens - of - seconds NUMA balancing period . Use the scheduler
* stats only if the task is so new there are no NUMA statistics yet .
*/
static u64 numa_get_avg_runtime(struct task_struct *p, u64 *period)
{
u64 runtime, delta, now;
/* Use the start of this time slice to avoid calculations. */
now = p->se.exec_start;
runtime = p->se.sum_exec_runtime;
if (p->last_task_numa_placement) {
delta = runtime - p->last_sum_exec_runtime;
*period = now - p->last_task_numa_placement;
/* Avoid time going backwards, prevent potential divide error: */
if (unlikely((s64)*period < 0 ))
*period = 0 ;
} else {
delta = p->se.avg.load_sum;
*period = LOAD_AVG_MAX;
}
p->last_sum_exec_runtime = runtime;
p->last_task_numa_placement = now;
return delta;
}
/*
* Determine the preferred nid for a task in a numa_group . This needs to
* be done in a way that produces consistent results with group_weight ,
* otherwise workloads might not converge .
*/
static int preferred_group_nid(struct task_struct *p, int nid)
{
nodemask_t nodes;
int dist;
/* Direct connections between all NUMA nodes. */
if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_DIRECT)
return nid;
/*
* On a system with glueless mesh NUMA topology , group_weight
* scores nodes according to the number of NUMA hinting faults on
* both the node itself , and on nearby nodes .
*/
if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_GLUELESS_MESH) {
unsigned long score, max_score = 0 ;
int node, max_node = nid;
dist = sched_max_numa_distance;
for_each_node_state(node, N_CPU) {
score = group_weight(p, node, dist);
if (score > max_score) {
max_score = score;
max_node = node;
}
}
return max_node;
}
/*
* Finding the preferred nid in a system with NUMA backplane
* interconnect topology is more involved . The goal is to locate
* tasks from numa_groups near each other in the system , and
* untangle workloads from different sides of the system . This requires
* searching down the hierarchy of node groups , recursively searching
* inside the highest scoring group of nodes . The nodemask tricks
* keep the complexity of the search down .
*/
nodes = node_states[N_CPU];
for (dist = sched_max_numa_distance; dist > LOCAL_DISTANCE; dist--) {
unsigned long max_faults = 0 ;
nodemask_t max_group = NODE_MASK_NONE;
int a, b;
/* Are there nodes at this distance from each other? */
if (!find_numa_distance(dist))
continue ;
for_each_node_mask(a, nodes) {
unsigned long faults = 0 ;
nodemask_t this_group;
nodes_clear(this_group);
/* Sum group's NUMA faults; includes a==b case. */
for_each_node_mask(b, nodes) {
if (node_distance(a, b) < dist) {
faults += group_faults(p, b);
node_set(b, this_group);
node_clear(b, nodes);
}
}
/* Remember the top group. */
if (faults > max_faults) {
max_faults = faults;
max_group = this_group;
/*
* subtle : at the smallest distance there is
* just one node left in each " group " , the
* winner is the preferred nid .
*/
nid = a;
}
}
/* Next round, evaluate the nodes within max_group. */
if (!max_faults)
break ;
nodes = max_group;
}
return nid;
}
static void task_numa_placement(struct task_struct *p)
{
int seq, nid, max_nid = NUMA_NO_NODE;
unsigned long max_faults = 0 ;
unsigned long fault_types[2 ] = { 0 , 0 };
unsigned long total_faults;
u64 runtime, period;
spinlock_t *group_lock = NULL;
struct numa_group *ng;
/*
* The p - > mm - > numa_scan_seq field gets updated without
* exclusive access . Use READ_ONCE ( ) here to ensure
* that the field is read in a single access :
*/
seq = READ_ONCE(p->mm->numa_scan_seq);
if (p->numa_scan_seq == seq)
return ;
p->numa_scan_seq = seq;
p->numa_scan_period_max = task_scan_max(p);
total_faults = p->numa_faults_locality[0 ] +
p->numa_faults_locality[1 ];
runtime = numa_get_avg_runtime(p, &period);
/* If the task is part of a group prevent parallel updates to group stats */
ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
if (ng) {
group_lock = &ng->lock;
spin_lock_irq(group_lock);
}
/* Find the node with the highest number of faults */
for_each_online_node(nid) {
/* Keep track of the offsets in numa_faults array */
int mem_idx, membuf_idx, cpu_idx, cpubuf_idx;
unsigned long faults = 0 , group_faults = 0 ;
int priv;
for (priv = 0 ; priv < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES; priv++) {
long diff, f_diff, f_weight;
mem_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, priv);
membuf_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEMBUF, nid, priv);
cpu_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPU, nid, priv);
cpubuf_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPUBUF, nid, priv);
/* Decay existing window, copy faults since last scan */
diff = p->numa_faults[membuf_idx] - p->numa_faults[mem_idx] / 2 ;
fault_types[priv] += p->numa_faults[membuf_idx];
p->numa_faults[membuf_idx] = 0 ;
/*
* Normalize the faults_from , so all tasks in a group
* count according to CPU use , instead of by the raw
* number of faults . Tasks with little runtime have
* little over - all impact on throughput , and thus their
* faults are less important .
*/
f_weight = div64_u64(runtime << 16 , period + 1 );
f_weight = (f_weight * p->numa_faults[cpubuf_idx]) /
(total_faults + 1 );
f_diff = f_weight - p->numa_faults[cpu_idx] / 2 ;
p->numa_faults[cpubuf_idx] = 0 ;
p->numa_faults[mem_idx] += diff;
p->numa_faults[cpu_idx] += f_diff;
faults += p->numa_faults[mem_idx];
p->total_numa_faults += diff;
if (ng) {
/*
* safe because we can only change our own group
*
* mem_idx represents the offset for a given
* nid and priv in a specific region because it
* is at the beginning of the numa_faults array .
*/
ng->faults[mem_idx] += diff;
ng->faults[cpu_idx] += f_diff;
ng->total_faults += diff;
group_faults += ng->faults[mem_idx];
}
}
if (!ng) {
if (faults > max_faults) {
max_faults = faults;
max_nid = nid;
}
} else if (group_faults > max_faults) {
max_faults = group_faults;
max_nid = nid;
}
}
/* Cannot migrate task to CPU-less node */
max_nid = numa_nearest_node(max_nid, N_CPU);
if (ng) {
numa_group_count_active_nodes(ng);
spin_unlock_irq(group_lock);
max_nid = preferred_group_nid(p, max_nid);
}
if (max_faults) {
/* Set the new preferred node */
if (max_nid != p->numa_preferred_nid)
sched_setnuma(p, max_nid);
}
update_task_scan_period(p, fault_types[0 ], fault_types[1 ]);
}
static inline int get_numa_group(struct numa_group *grp)
{
return refcount_inc_not_zero(&grp->refcount);
}
static inline void put_numa_group(struct numa_group *grp)
{
if (refcount_dec_and_test(&grp->refcount))
kfree_rcu(grp, rcu);
}
static void task_numa_group(struct task_struct *p, int cpupid, int flags,
int *priv)
{
struct numa_group *grp, *my_grp;
struct task_struct *tsk;
bool join = false ;
int cpu = cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid);
int i;
if (unlikely(!deref_curr_numa_group(p))) {
unsigned int size = sizeof (struct numa_group) +
NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS *
nr_node_ids * sizeof (unsigned long );
grp = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
if (!grp)
return ;
refcount_set(&grp->refcount, 1 );
grp->active_nodes = 1 ;
grp->max_faults_cpu = 0 ;
spin_lock_init(&grp->lock);
grp->gid = p->pid;
for (i = 0 ; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++)
grp->faults[i] = p->numa_faults[i];
grp->total_faults = p->total_numa_faults;
grp->nr_tasks++;
rcu_assign_pointer(p->numa_group, grp);
}
rcu_read_lock();
tsk = READ_ONCE(cpu_rq(cpu)->curr);
if (!cpupid_match_pid(tsk, cpupid))
goto no_join;
grp = rcu_dereference(tsk->numa_group);
if (!grp)
goto no_join;
my_grp = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
if (grp == my_grp)
goto no_join;
/*
* Only join the other group if its bigger ; if we ' re the bigger group ,
* the other task will join us .
*/
if (my_grp->nr_tasks > grp->nr_tasks)
goto no_join;
/*
* Tie - break on the grp address .
*/
if (my_grp->nr_tasks == grp->nr_tasks && my_grp > grp)
goto no_join;
/* Always join threads in the same process. */
if (tsk->mm == current->mm)
join = true ;
/* Simple filter to avoid false positives due to PID collisions */
if (flags & TNF_SHARED)
join = true ;
/* Update priv based on whether false sharing was detected */
*priv = !join;
if (join && !get_numa_group(grp))
goto no_join;
rcu_read_unlock();
if (!join)
return ;
WARN_ON_ONCE(irqs_disabled());
double_lock_irq(&my_grp->lock, &grp->lock);
for (i = 0 ; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++) {
my_grp->faults[i] -= p->numa_faults[i];
grp->faults[i] += p->numa_faults[i];
}
my_grp->total_faults -= p->total_numa_faults;
grp->total_faults += p->total_numa_faults;
my_grp->nr_tasks--;
grp->nr_tasks++;
spin_unlock(&my_grp->lock);
spin_unlock_irq(&grp->lock);
rcu_assign_pointer(p->numa_group, grp);
put_numa_group(my_grp);
return ;
no_join:
rcu_read_unlock();
return ;
}
/*
* Get rid of NUMA statistics associated with a task ( either current or dead ) .
* If @ final is set , the task is dead and has reached refcount zero , so we can
* safely free all relevant data structures . Otherwise , there might be
* concurrent reads from places like load balancing and procfs , and we should
* reset the data back to default state without freeing - > numa_faults .
*/
void task_numa_free(struct task_struct *p, bool final)
{
/* safe: p either is current or is being freed by current */
struct numa_group *grp = rcu_dereference_raw(p->numa_group);
unsigned long *numa_faults = p->numa_faults;
unsigned long flags;
int i;
if (!numa_faults)
return ;
if (grp) {
spin_lock_irqsave(&grp->lock, flags);
for (i = 0 ; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++)
grp->faults[i] -= p->numa_faults[i];
grp->total_faults -= p->total_numa_faults;
grp->nr_tasks--;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&grp->lock, flags);
RCU_INIT_POINTER(p->numa_group, NULL);
put_numa_group(grp);
}
if (final) {
p->numa_faults = NULL;
kfree(numa_faults);
} else {
p->total_numa_faults = 0 ;
for (i = 0 ; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++)
numa_faults[i] = 0 ;
}
}
/*
* Got a PROT_NONE fault for a page on @ node .
*/
void task_numa_fault(int last_cpupid, int mem_node, int pages, int flags)
{
struct task_struct *p = current;
bool migrated = flags & TNF_MIGRATED;
int cpu_node = task_node(current);
int local = !!(flags & TNF_FAULT_LOCAL);
struct numa_group *ng;
int priv;
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_numa_balancing))
return ;
/* for example, ksmd faulting in a user's mm */
if (!p->mm)
return ;
/*
* NUMA faults statistics are unnecessary for the slow memory
* node for memory tiering mode .
*/
if (!node_is_toptier(mem_node) &&
(sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING ||
!cpupid_valid(last_cpupid)))
return ;
/* Allocate buffer to track faults on a per-node basis */
if (unlikely(!p->numa_faults)) {
int size = sizeof (*p->numa_faults) *
NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_BUCKETS * nr_node_ids;
p->numa_faults = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_NOWARN);
if (!p->numa_faults)
return ;
p->total_numa_faults = 0 ;
memset(p->numa_faults_locality, 0 , sizeof (p->numa_faults_locality));
}
/*
* First accesses are treated as private , otherwise consider accesses
* to be private if the accessing pid has not changed
*/
if (unlikely(last_cpupid == (-1 & LAST_CPUPID_MASK))) {
priv = 1 ;
} else {
priv = cpupid_match_pid(p, last_cpupid);
if (!priv && !(flags & TNF_NO_GROUP))
task_numa_group(p, last_cpupid, flags, &priv);
}
/*
* If a workload spans multiple NUMA nodes , a shared fault that
* occurs wholly within the set of nodes that the workload is
* actively using should be counted as local . This allows the
* scan rate to slow down when a workload has settled down .
*/
ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
if (!priv && !local && ng && ng->active_nodes > 1 &&
numa_is_active_node(cpu_node, ng) &&
numa_is_active_node(mem_node, ng))
local = 1 ;
/*
* Retry to migrate task to preferred node periodically , in case it
* previously failed , or the scheduler moved us .
*/
if (time_after(jiffies, p->numa_migrate_retry)) {
task_numa_placement(p);
numa_migrate_preferred(p);
}
if (migrated)
p->numa_pages_migrated += pages;
if (flags & TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL)
p->numa_faults_locality[2 ] += pages;
p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEMBUF, mem_node, priv)] += pages;
p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPUBUF, cpu_node, priv)] += pages;
p->numa_faults_locality[local] += pages;
}
static void reset_ptenuma_scan(struct task_struct *p)
{
/*
* We only did a read acquisition of the mmap sem , so
* p - > mm - > numa_scan_seq is written to without exclusive access
* and the update is not guaranteed to be atomic . That ' s not
* much of an issue though , since this is just used for
* statistical sampling . Use READ_ONCE / WRITE_ONCE , which are not
* expensive , to avoid any form of compiler optimizations :
*/
WRITE_ONCE(p->mm->numa_scan_seq, READ_ONCE(p->mm->numa_scan_seq) + 1 );
p->mm->numa_scan_offset = 0 ;
}
static bool vma_is_accessed(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
unsigned long pids;
/*
* Allow unconditional access first two times , so that all the ( pages )
* of VMAs get prot_none fault introduced irrespective of accesses .
* This is also done to avoid any side effect of task scanning
* amplifying the unfairness of disjoint set of VMAs ' access .
*/
if ((READ_ONCE(current->mm->numa_scan_seq) - vma->numab_state->start_scan_seq) < 2 )
return true ;
pids = vma->numab_state->pids_active[0 ] | vma->numab_state->pids_active[1 ];
if (test_bit(hash_32(current->pid, ilog2(BITS_PER_LONG)), &pids))
return true ;
/*
* Complete a scan that has already started regardless of PID access , or
* some VMAs may never be scanned in multi - threaded applications :
*/
if (mm->numa_scan_offset > vma->vm_start) {
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_IGNORE_PID);
return true ;
}
/*
* This vma has not been accessed for a while , and if the number
* the threads in the same process is low , which means no other
* threads can help scan this vma , force a vma scan .
*/
if (READ_ONCE(mm->numa_scan_seq) >
(vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq + get_nr_threads(current)))
return true ;
return false ;
}
#define VMA_PID_RESET_PERIOD (4 * sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay)
/*
* The expensive part of numa migration is done from task_work context .
* Triggered from task_tick_numa ( ) .
*/
static void task_numa_work(struct callback_head *work)
{
unsigned long migrate, next_scan, now = jiffies;
struct task_struct *p = current;
struct mm_struct *mm = p->mm;
u64 runtime = p->se.sum_exec_runtime;
struct vm_area_struct *vma;
unsigned long start, end;
unsigned long nr_pte_updates = 0 ;
long pages, virtpages;
struct vma_iterator vmi;
bool vma_pids_skipped;
bool vma_pids_forced = false ;
WARN_ON_ONCE(p != container_of(work, struct task_struct, numa_work));
work->next = work;
/*
* Who cares about NUMA placement when they ' re dying .
*
* NOTE : make sure not to dereference p - > mm before this check ,
* exit_task_work ( ) happens _ after_ exit_mm ( ) so we could be called
* without p - > mm even though we still had it when we enqueued this
* work .
*/
if (p->flags & PF_EXITING)
return ;
/*
* Memory is pinned to only one NUMA node via cpuset . mems , naturally
* no page can be migrated .
*/
if (cpusets_enabled() && nodes_weight(cpuset_current_mems_allowed) == 1 ) {
trace_sched_skip_cpuset_numa(current, &cpuset_current_mems_allowed);
return ;
}
if (!mm->numa_next_scan) {
mm->numa_next_scan = now +
msecs_to_jiffies(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay);
}
/*
* Enforce maximal scan / migration frequency . .
*/
migrate = mm->numa_next_scan;
if (time_before(now, migrate))
return ;
if (p->numa_scan_period == 0 ) {
p->numa_scan_period_max = task_scan_max(p);
p->numa_scan_period = task_scan_start(p);
}
next_scan = now + msecs_to_jiffies(p->numa_scan_period);
if (!try_cmpxchg(&mm->numa_next_scan, &migrate, next_scan))
return ;
/*
* Delay this task enough that another task of this mm will likely win
* the next time around .
*/
p->node_stamp += 2 * TICK_NSEC;
pages = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size;
pages <<= 20 - PAGE_SHIFT; /* MB in pages */
virtpages = pages * 8 ; /* Scan up to this much virtual space */
if (!pages)
return ;
if (!mmap_read_trylock(mm))
return ;
/*
* VMAs are skipped if the current PID has not trapped a fault within
* the VMA recently . Allow scanning to be forced if there is no
* suitable VMA remaining .
*/
vma_pids_skipped = false ;
retry_pids:
start = mm->numa_scan_offset;
vma_iter_init(&vmi, mm, start);
vma = vma_next(&vmi);
if (!vma) {
reset_ptenuma_scan(p);
start = 0 ;
vma_iter_set(&vmi, start);
vma = vma_next(&vmi);
}
for (; vma; vma = vma_next(&vmi)) {
if (!vma_migratable(vma) || !vma_policy_mof(vma) ||
is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) || (vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP)) {
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_UNSUITABLE);
continue ;
}
/*
* Shared library pages mapped by multiple processes are not
* migrated as it is expected they are cache replicated . Avoid
* hinting faults in read - only file - backed mappings or the vDSO
* as migrating the pages will be of marginal benefit .
*/
if (!vma->vm_mm ||
(vma->vm_file && (vma->vm_flags & (VM_READ|VM_WRITE)) == (VM_READ))) {
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_SHARED_RO);
continue ;
}
/*
* Skip inaccessible VMAs to avoid any confusion between
* PROT_NONE and NUMA hinting PTEs
*/
if (!vma_is_accessible(vma)) {
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_INACCESSIBLE);
continue ;
}
/* Initialise new per-VMA NUMAB state. */
if (!vma->numab_state) {
struct vma_numab_state *ptr;
ptr = kzalloc(sizeof (*ptr), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!ptr)
continue ;
if (cmpxchg(&vma->numab_state, NULL, ptr)) {
kfree(ptr);
continue ;
}
vma->numab_state->start_scan_seq = mm->numa_scan_seq;
vma->numab_state->next_scan = now +
msecs_to_jiffies(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay);
/* Reset happens after 4 times scan delay of scan start */
vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset = vma->numab_state->next_scan +
msecs_to_jiffies(VMA_PID_RESET_PERIOD);
/*
* Ensure prev_scan_seq does not match numa_scan_seq ,
* to prevent VMAs being skipped prematurely on the
* first scan :
*/
vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq = mm->numa_scan_seq - 1 ;
}
/*
* Scanning the VMAs of short lived tasks add more overhead . So
* delay the scan for new VMAs .
*/
if (mm->numa_scan_seq && time_before(jiffies,
vma->numab_state->next_scan)) {
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_SCAN_DELAY);
continue ;
}
/* RESET access PIDs regularly for old VMAs. */
if (mm->numa_scan_seq &&
time_after(jiffies, vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset)) {
vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset = vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset +
msecs_to_jiffies(VMA_PID_RESET_PERIOD);
vma->numab_state->pids_active[0 ] = READ_ONCE(vma->numab_state->pids_active[1 ]);
vma->numab_state->pids_active[1 ] = 0 ;
}
/* Do not rescan VMAs twice within the same sequence. */
if (vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq == mm->numa_scan_seq) {
mm->numa_scan_offset = vma->vm_end;
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_SEQ_COMPLETED);
continue ;
}
/*
* Do not scan the VMA if task has not accessed it , unless no other
* VMA candidate exists .
*/
if (!vma_pids_forced && !vma_is_accessed(mm, vma)) {
vma_pids_skipped = true ;
trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_PID_INACTIVE);
continue ;
}
do {
start = max(start, vma->vm_start);
end = ALIGN(start + (pages << PAGE_SHIFT), HPAGE_SIZE);
end = min(end, vma->vm_end);
nr_pte_updates = change_prot_numa(vma, start, end);
/*
* Try to scan sysctl_numa_balancing_size worth of
* hpages that have at least one present PTE that
* is not already PTE - numa . If the VMA contains
* areas that are unused or already full of prot_numa
* PTEs , scan up to virtpages , to skip through those
* areas faster .
*/
if (nr_pte_updates)
pages -= (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
virtpages -= (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
start = end;
if (pages <= 0 || virtpages <= 0 )
goto out;
cond_resched();
} while (end != vma->vm_end);
/* VMA scan is complete, do not scan until next sequence. */
vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq = mm->numa_scan_seq;
/*
* Only force scan within one VMA at a time , to limit the
* cost of scanning a potentially uninteresting VMA .
*/
if (vma_pids_forced)
break ;
}
/*
* If no VMAs are remaining and VMAs were skipped due to the PID
* not accessing the VMA previously , then force a scan to ensure
* forward progress :
*/
if (!vma && !vma_pids_forced && vma_pids_skipped) {
vma_pids_forced = true ;
goto retry_pids;
}
out:
/*
* It is possible to reach the end of the VMA list but the last few
* VMAs are not guaranteed to the vma_migratable . If they are not , we
* would find the ! migratable VMA on the next scan but not reset the
* scanner to the start so check it now .
*/
if (vma)
mm->numa_scan_offset = start;
else
reset_ptenuma_scan(p);
mmap_read_unlock(mm);
/*
* Make sure tasks use at least 32 x as much time to run other code
* than they used here , to limit NUMA PTE scanning overhead to 3 % max .
* Usually update_task_scan_period slows down scanning enough ; on an
* overloaded system we need to limit overhead on a per task basis .
*/
if (unlikely(p->se.sum_exec_runtime != runtime)) {
u64 diff = p->se.sum_exec_runtime - runtime;
p->node_stamp += 32 * diff;
}
}
void init_numa_balancing(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
{
int mm_users = 0 ;
struct mm_struct *mm = p->mm;
if (mm) {
mm_users = atomic_read(&mm->mm_users);
if (mm_users == 1 ) {
mm->numa_next_scan = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay);
mm->numa_scan_seq = 0 ;
}
}
p->node_stamp = 0 ;
p->numa_scan_seq = mm ? mm->numa_scan_seq : 0 ;
p->numa_scan_period = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay;
p->numa_migrate_retry = 0 ;
/* Protect against double add, see task_tick_numa and task_numa_work */
p->numa_work.next = &p->numa_work;
p->numa_faults = NULL;
p->numa_pages_migrated = 0 ;
p->total_numa_faults = 0 ;
RCU_INIT_POINTER(p->numa_group, NULL);
p->last_task_numa_placement = 0 ;
p->last_sum_exec_runtime = 0 ;
init_task_work(&p->numa_work, task_numa_work);
/* New address space, reset the preferred nid */
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_VM)) {
p->numa_preferred_nid = NUMA_NO_NODE;
return ;
}
/*
* New thread , keep existing numa_preferred_nid which should be copied
* already by arch_dup_task_struct but stagger when scans start .
*/
if (mm) {
unsigned int delay;
delay = min_t(unsigned int , task_scan_max(current),
current->numa_scan_period * mm_users * NSEC_PER_MSEC);
delay += 2 * TICK_NSEC;
p->node_stamp = delay;
}
}
/*
* Drive the periodic memory faults . .
*/
static void task_tick_numa(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr)
{
struct callback_head *work = &curr->numa_work;
u64 period, now;
/*
* We don ' t care about NUMA placement if we don ' t have memory .
*/
if (!curr->mm || (curr->flags & (PF_EXITING | PF_KTHREAD)) || work->next != work)
return ;
/*
* Using runtime rather than walltime has the dual advantage that
* we ( mostly ) drive the selection from busy threads and that the
* task needs to have done some actual work before we bother with
* NUMA placement .
*/
now = curr->se.sum_exec_runtime;
period = (u64)curr->numa_scan_period * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
if (now > curr->node_stamp + period) {
if (!curr->node_stamp)
curr->numa_scan_period = task_scan_start(curr);
curr->node_stamp += period;
if (!time_before(jiffies, curr->mm->numa_next_scan))
task_work_add(curr, work, TWA_RESUME);
}
}
static void update_scan_period(struct task_struct *p, int new_cpu)
{
int src_nid = cpu_to_node(task_cpu(p));
int dst_nid = cpu_to_node(new_cpu);
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_numa_balancing))
return ;
if (!p->mm || !p->numa_faults || (p->flags & PF_EXITING))
return ;
if (src_nid == dst_nid)
return ;
/*
* Allow resets if faults have been trapped before one scan
* has completed . This is most likely due to a new task that
* is pulled cross - node due to wakeups or load balancing .
*/
if (p->numa_scan_seq) {
/*
* Avoid scan adjustments if moving to the preferred
* node or if the task was not previously running on
* the preferred node .
*/
if (dst_nid == p->numa_preferred_nid ||
(p->numa_preferred_nid != NUMA_NO_NODE &&
src_nid != p->numa_preferred_nid))
return ;
}
p->numa_scan_period = task_scan_start(p);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING: */
static void task_tick_numa(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr)
{
}
static inline void account_numa_enqueue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
}
static inline void account_numa_dequeue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
}
static inline void update_scan_period(struct task_struct *p, int new_cpu)
{
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
static void
account_entity_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
update_load_add(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
if (entity_is_task(se)) {
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
account_numa_enqueue(rq, task_of(se));
list_add(&se->group_node, &rq->cfs_tasks);
}
cfs_rq->nr_queued++;
}
static void
account_entity_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
update_load_sub(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
if (entity_is_task(se)) {
account_numa_dequeue(rq_of(cfs_rq), task_of(se));
list_del_init(&se->group_node);
}
cfs_rq->nr_queued--;
}
/*
* Signed add and clamp on underflow .
*
* Explicitly do a load - store to ensure the intermediate value never hits
* memory . This allows lockless observations without ever seeing the negative
* values .
*/
#define add_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
typeof(_val) val = (_val); \
typeof(*ptr) res, var = READ_ONCE(*ptr); \
\
res = var + val; \
\
if (val < 0 && res > var) \
res = 0 ; \
\
WRITE_ONCE(*ptr, res); \
} while (0 )
/*
* Unsigned subtract and clamp on underflow .
*
* Explicitly do a load - store to ensure the intermediate value never hits
* memory . This allows lockless observations without ever seeing the negative
* values .
*/
#define sub_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
typeof(*ptr) val = (_val); \
typeof(*ptr) res, var = READ_ONCE(*ptr); \
res = var - val; \
if (res > var) \
res = 0 ; \
WRITE_ONCE(*ptr, res); \
} while (0 )
/*
* Remove and clamp on negative , from a local variable .
*
* A variant of sub_positive ( ) , which does not use explicit load - store
* and is thus optimized for local variable updates .
*/
#define lsub_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
*ptr -= min_t(typeof(*ptr), *ptr, _val); \
} while (0 )
static inline void
enqueue_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
cfs_rq->avg.load_avg += se->avg.load_avg;
cfs_rq->avg.load_sum += se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum;
}
static inline void
dequeue_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_avg, se->avg.load_avg);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_sum, se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum);
/* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
cfs_rq->avg.load_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.load_sum,
cfs_rq->avg.load_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
}
static void place_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags);
static void reweight_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se,
unsigned long weight)
{
bool curr = cfs_rq->curr == se;
if (se->on_rq) {
/* commit outstanding execution time */
update_curr(cfs_rq);
update_entity_lag(cfs_rq, se);
se->deadline -= se->vruntime;
se->rel_deadline = 1 ;
cfs_rq->nr_queued--;
if (!curr)
__dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
update_load_sub(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
}
dequeue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
/*
* Because we keep se - > vlag = V - v_i , while : lag_i = w_i * ( V - v_i ) ,
* we need to scale se - > vlag when w_i changes .
*/
se->vlag = div_s64(se->vlag * se->load.weight, weight);
if (se->rel_deadline)
se->deadline = div_s64(se->deadline * se->load.weight, weight);
update_load_set(&se->load, weight);
do {
u32 divider = get_pelt_divider(&se->avg);
se->avg.load_avg = div_u64(se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum, divider);
} while (0 );
enqueue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
if (se->on_rq) {
place_entity(cfs_rq, se, 0 );
update_load_add(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
if (!curr)
__enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
cfs_rq->nr_queued++;
/*
* The entity ' s vruntime has been adjusted , so let ' s check
* whether the rq - wide min_vruntime needs updated too . Since
* the calculations above require stable min_vruntime rather
* than up - to - date one , we do the update at the end of the
* reweight process .
*/
update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq);
}
}
static void reweight_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p,
const struct load_weight *lw)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
struct load_weight *load = &se->load;
reweight_entity(cfs_rq, se, lw->weight);
load->inv_weight = lw->inv_weight;
}
static inline int throttled_hierarchy(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
/*
* All this does is approximate the hierarchical proportion which includes that
* global sum we all love to hate .
*
* That is , the weight of a group entity , is the proportional share of the
* group weight based on the group runqueue weights . That is :
*
* tg - > weight * grq - > load . weight
* ge - > load . weight = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 1 )
* \ Sum grq - > load . weight
*
* Now , because computing that sum is prohibitively expensive to compute ( been
* there , done that ) we approximate it with this average stuff . The average
* moves slower and therefore the approximation is cheaper and more stable .
*
* So instead of the above , we substitute :
*
* grq - > load . weight - > grq - > avg . load_avg ( 2 )
*
* which yields the following :
*
* tg - > weight * grq - > avg . load_avg
* ge - > load . weight = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 3 )
* tg - > load_avg
*
* Where : tg - > load_avg ~ = \ Sum grq - > avg . load_avg
*
* That is shares_avg , and it is right ( given the approximation ( 2 ) ) .
*
* The problem with it is that because the average is slow - - it was designed
* to be exactly that of course - - this leads to transients in boundary
* conditions . In specific , the case where the group was idle and we start the
* one task . It takes time for our CPU ' s grq - > avg . load_avg to build up ,
* yielding bad latency etc . .
*
* Now , in that special case ( 1 ) reduces to :
*
* tg - > weight * grq - > load . weight
* ge - > load . weight = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - = tg - > weight ( 4 )
* grp - > load . weight
*
* That is , the sum collapses because all other CPUs are idle ; the UP scenario .
*
* So what we do is modify our approximation ( 3 ) to approach ( 4 ) in the ( near )
* UP case , like :
*
* ge - > load . weight =
*
* tg - > weight * grq - > load . weight
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 5 )
* tg - > load_avg - grq - > avg . load_avg + grq - > load . weight
*
* But because grq - > load . weight can drop to 0 , resulting in a divide by zero ,
* we need to use grq - > avg . load_avg as its lower bound , which then gives :
*
*
* tg - > weight * grq - > load . weight
* ge - > load . weight = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 6 )
* tg_load_avg '
*
* Where :
*
* tg_load_avg ' = tg - > load_avg - grq - > avg . load_avg +
* max ( grq - > load . weight , grq - > avg . load_avg )
*
* And that is shares_weight and is icky . In the ( near ) UP case it approaches
* ( 4 ) while in the normal case it approaches ( 3 ) . It consistently
* overestimates the ge - > load . weight and therefore :
*
* \ Sum ge - > load . weight > = tg - > weight
*
* hence icky !
*/
static long calc_group_shares(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
long tg_weight, tg_shares, load, shares;
struct task_group *tg = cfs_rq->tg;
tg_shares = READ_ONCE(tg->shares);
load = max(scale_load_down(cfs_rq->load.weight), cfs_rq->avg.load_avg);
tg_weight = atomic_long_read(&tg->load_avg);
/* Ensure tg_weight >= load */
tg_weight -= cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
tg_weight += load;
shares = (tg_shares * load);
if (tg_weight)
shares /= tg_weight;
/*
* MIN_SHARES has to be unscaled here to support per - CPU partitioning
* of a group with small tg - > shares value . It is a floor value which is
* assigned as a minimum load . weight to the sched_entity representing
* the group on a CPU .
*
* E . g . on 64 - bit for a group with tg - > shares of scale_load ( 15 ) = 15 * 1024
* on an 8 - core system with 8 tasks each runnable on one CPU shares has
* to be 15 * 1024 * 1 / 8 = 1920 instead of scale_load ( MIN_SHARES ) = 2 * 1024 . In
* case no task is runnable on a CPU MIN_SHARES = 2 should be returned
* instead of 0 .
*/
return clamp_t(long , shares, MIN_SHARES, tg_shares);
}
/*
* Recomputes the group entity based on the current state of its group
* runqueue .
*/
static void update_cfs_group(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
long shares;
/*
* When a group becomes empty , preserve its weight . This matters for
* DELAY_DEQUEUE .
*/
if (!gcfs_rq || !gcfs_rq->load.weight)
return ;
if (throttled_hierarchy(gcfs_rq))
return ;
shares = calc_group_shares(gcfs_rq);
if (unlikely(se->load.weight != shares))
reweight_entity(cfs_rq_of(se), se, shares);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED: */
static inline void update_cfs_group(struct sched_entity *se)
{
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
static inline void cfs_rq_util_change(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, int flags)
{
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
if (&rq->cfs == cfs_rq) {
/*
* There are a few boundary cases this might miss but it should
* get called often enough that that should ( hopefully ) not be
* a real problem .
*
* It will not get called when we go idle , because the idle
* thread is a different class ( ! fair ) , nor will the utilization
* number include things like RT tasks .
*
* As is , the util number is not freq - invariant ( we ' d have to
* implement arch_scale_freq_capacity ( ) for that ) .
*
* See cpu_util_cfs ( ) .
*/
cpufreq_update_util(rq, flags);
}
}
static inline bool load_avg_is_decayed(struct sched_avg *sa)
{
if (sa->load_sum)
return false ;
if (sa->util_sum)
return false ;
if (sa->runnable_sum)
return false ;
/*
* _ avg must be null when _ sum are null because _ avg = _ sum / divider
* Make sure that rounding and / or propagation of PELT values never
* break this .
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(sa->load_avg ||
sa->util_avg ||
sa->runnable_avg);
return true ;
}
static inline u64 cfs_rq_last_update_time(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return u64_u32_load_copy(cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time,
cfs_rq->last_update_time_copy);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
/*
* Because list_add_leaf_cfs_rq always places a child cfs_rq on the list
* immediately before a parent cfs_rq , and cfs_rqs are removed from the list
* bottom - up , we only have to test whether the cfs_rq before us on the list
* is our child .
* If cfs_rq is not on the list , test whether a child needs its to be added to
* connect a branch to the tree * ( see list_add_leaf_cfs_rq ( ) for details ) .
*/
static inline bool child_cfs_rq_on_list(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct cfs_rq *prev_cfs_rq;
struct list_head *prev;
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
if (cfs_rq->on_list) {
prev = cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list.prev;
} else {
prev = rq->tmp_alone_branch;
}
if (prev == &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list)
return false ;
prev_cfs_rq = container_of(prev, struct cfs_rq, leaf_cfs_rq_list);
return (prev_cfs_rq->tg->parent == cfs_rq->tg);
}
static inline bool cfs_rq_is_decayed(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (cfs_rq->load.weight)
return false ;
if (!load_avg_is_decayed(&cfs_rq->avg))
return false ;
if (child_cfs_rq_on_list(cfs_rq))
return false ;
return true ;
}
/**
* update_tg_load_avg - update the tg ' s load avg
* @ cfs_rq : the cfs_rq whose avg changed
*
* This function ' ensures ' : tg - > load_avg : = \ Sum tg - > cfs_rq [ ] - > avg . load .
* However , because tg - > load_avg is a global value there are performance
* considerations .
*
* In order to avoid having to look at the other cfs_rq ' s , we use a
* differential update where we store the last value we propagated . This in
* turn allows skipping updates if the differential is ' small ' .
*
* Updating tg ' s load_avg is necessary before update_cfs_share ( ) .
*/
static inline void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
long delta;
u64 now;
/*
* No need to update load_avg for root_task_group as it is not used .
*/
if (cfs_rq->tg == &root_task_group)
return ;
/* rq has been offline and doesn't contribute to the share anymore: */
if (!cpu_active(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq))))
return ;
/*
* For migration heavy workloads , access to tg - > load_avg can be
* unbound . Limit the update rate to at most once per ms .
*/
now = sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
if (now - cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg < NSEC_PER_MSEC)
return ;
delta = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg - cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
if (abs(delta) > cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib / 64 ) {
atomic_long_add(delta, &cfs_rq->tg->load_avg);
cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg;
cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg = now;
}
}
static inline void clear_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
long delta;
u64 now;
/*
* No need to update load_avg for root_task_group , as it is not used .
*/
if (cfs_rq->tg == &root_task_group)
return ;
now = sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
delta = 0 - cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
atomic_long_add(delta, &cfs_rq->tg->load_avg);
cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib = 0 ;
cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg = now;
}
/* CPU offline callback: */
static void __maybe_unused clear_tg_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq)
{
struct task_group *tg;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
/*
* The rq clock has already been updated in
* set_rq_offline ( ) , so we should skip updating
* the rq clock again in unthrottle_cfs_rq ( ) .
*/
rq_clock_start_loop_update(rq);
rcu_read_lock();
list_for_each_entry_rcu(tg, &task_groups, list) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
clear_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
rq_clock_stop_loop_update(rq);
}
/*
* Called within set_task_rq ( ) right before setting a task ' s CPU . The
* caller only guarantees p - > pi_lock is held ; no other assumptions ,
* including the state of rq - > lock , should be made .
*/
void set_task_rq_fair(struct sched_entity *se,
struct cfs_rq *prev, struct cfs_rq *next)
{
u64 p_last_update_time;
u64 n_last_update_time;
if (!sched_feat(ATTACH_AGE_LOAD))
return ;
/*
* We are supposed to update the task to " current " time , then its up to
* date and ready to go to new CPU / cfs_rq . But we have difficulty in
* getting what current time is , so simply throw away the out - of - date
* time . This will result in the wakee task is less decayed , but giving
* the wakee more load sounds not bad .
*/
if (!(se->avg.last_update_time && prev))
return ;
p_last_update_time = cfs_rq_last_update_time(prev);
n_last_update_time = cfs_rq_last_update_time(next);
__update_load_avg_blocked_se(p_last_update_time, se);
se->avg.last_update_time = n_last_update_time;
}
/*
* When on migration a sched_entity joins / leaves the PELT hierarchy , we need to
* propagate its contribution . The key to this propagation is the invariant
* that for each group :
*
* ge - > avg = = grq - > avg ( 1 )
*
* _ IFF_ we look at the pure running and runnable sums . Because they
* represent the very same entity , just at different points in the hierarchy .
*
* Per the above update_tg_cfs_util ( ) and update_tg_cfs_runnable ( ) are trivial
* and simply copies the running / runnable sum over ( but still wrong , because
* the group entity and group rq do not have their PELT windows aligned ) .
*
* However , update_tg_cfs_load ( ) is more complex . So we have :
*
* ge - > avg . load_avg = ge - > load . weight * ge - > avg . runnable_avg ( 2 )
*
* And since , like util , the runnable part should be directly transferable ,
* the following would _ appear_ to be the straight forward approach :
*
* grq - > avg . load_avg = grq - > load . weight * grq - > avg . runnable_avg ( 3 )
*
* And per ( 1 ) we have :
*
* ge - > avg . runnable_avg = = grq - > avg . runnable_avg
*
* Which gives :
*
* ge - > load . weight * grq - > avg . load_avg
* ge - > avg . load_avg = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 4 )
* grq - > load . weight
*
* Except that is wrong !
*
* Because while for entities historical weight is not important and we
* really only care about our future and therefore can consider a pure
* runnable sum , runqueues can NOT do this .
*
* We specifically want runqueues to have a load_avg that includes
* historical weights . Those represent the blocked load , the load we expect
* to ( shortly ) return to us . This only works by keeping the weights as
* integral part of the sum . We therefore cannot decompose as per ( 3 ) .
*
* Another reason this doesn ' t work is that runnable isn ' t a 0 - sum entity .
* Imagine a rq with 2 tasks that each are runnable 2 / 3 of the time . Then the
* rq itself is runnable anywhere between 2 / 3 and 1 depending on how the
* runnable section of these tasks overlap ( or not ) . If they were to perfectly
* align the rq as a whole would be runnable 2 / 3 of the time . If however we
* always have at least 1 runnable task , the rq as a whole is always runnable .
*
* So we ' ll have to approximate . . : /
*
* Given the constraint :
*
* ge - > avg . running_sum < = ge - > avg . runnable_sum < = LOAD_AVG_MAX
*
* We can construct a rule that adds runnable to a rq by assuming minimal
* overlap .
*
* On removal , we ' ll assume each task is equally runnable ; which yields :
*
* grq - > avg . runnable_sum = grq - > avg . load_sum / grq - > load . weight
*
* XXX : only do this for the part of runnable > running ?
*
*/
static inline void
update_tg_cfs_util(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
{
long delta_sum, delta_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.util_avg - se->avg.util_avg;
u32 new_sum, divider;
/* Nothing to update */
if (!delta_avg)
return ;
/*
* cfs_rq - > avg . period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se .
* See _ _ _ update_load_avg ( ) for details .
*/
divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
/* Set new sched_entity's utilization */
se->avg.util_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.util_avg;
new_sum = se->avg.util_avg * divider;
delta_sum = (long )new_sum - (long )se->avg.util_sum;
se->avg.util_sum = new_sum;
/* Update parent cfs_rq utilization */
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, delta_avg);
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, delta_sum);
/* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
cfs_rq->avg.util_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.util_sum,
cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
}
static inline void
update_tg_cfs_runnable(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
{
long delta_sum, delta_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg - se->avg.runnable_avg;
u32 new_sum, divider;
/* Nothing to update */
if (!delta_avg)
return ;
/*
* cfs_rq - > avg . period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se .
* See _ _ _ update_load_avg ( ) for details .
*/
divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
/* Set new sched_entity's runnable */
se->avg.runnable_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg;
new_sum = se->avg.runnable_avg * divider;
delta_sum = (long )new_sum - (long )se->avg.runnable_sum;
se->avg.runnable_sum = new_sum;
/* Update parent cfs_rq runnable */
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg, delta_avg);
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum, delta_sum);
/* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum,
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
}
static inline void
update_tg_cfs_load(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
{
long delta_avg, running_sum, runnable_sum = gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum;
unsigned long load_avg;
u64 load_sum = 0 ;
s64 delta_sum;
u32 divider;
if (!runnable_sum)
return ;
gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum = 0 ;
/*
* cfs_rq - > avg . period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se .
* See _ _ _ update_load_avg ( ) for details .
*/
divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
if (runnable_sum >= 0 ) {
/*
* Add runnable ; clip at LOAD_AVG_MAX . Reflects that until
* the CPU is saturated running = = runnable .
*/
runnable_sum += se->avg.load_sum;
runnable_sum = min_t(long , runnable_sum, divider);
} else {
/*
* Estimate the new unweighted runnable_sum of the gcfs_rq by
* assuming all tasks are equally runnable .
*/
if (scale_load_down(gcfs_rq->load.weight)) {
load_sum = div_u64(gcfs_rq->avg.load_sum,
scale_load_down(gcfs_rq->load.weight));
}
/* But make sure to not inflate se's runnable */
runnable_sum = min(se->avg.load_sum, load_sum);
}
/*
* runnable_sum can ' t be lower than running_sum
* Rescale running sum to be in the same range as runnable sum
* running_sum is in [ 0 : LOAD_AVG_MAX < < SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT ]
* runnable_sum is in [ 0 : LOAD_AVG_MAX ]
*/
running_sum = se->avg.util_sum >> SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT;
runnable_sum = max(runnable_sum, running_sum);
load_sum = se_weight(se) * runnable_sum;
load_avg = div_u64(load_sum, divider);
delta_avg = load_avg - se->avg.load_avg;
if (!delta_avg)
return ;
delta_sum = load_sum - (s64)se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum;
se->avg.load_sum = runnable_sum;
se->avg.load_avg = load_avg;
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_avg, delta_avg);
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_sum, delta_sum);
/* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
cfs_rq->avg.load_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.load_sum,
cfs_rq->avg.load_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
}
static inline void add_tg_cfs_propagate(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, long runnable_sum)
{
cfs_rq->propagate = 1 ;
cfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum += runnable_sum;
}
/* Update task and its cfs_rq load average */
static inline int propagate_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *gcfs_rq;
if (entity_is_task(se))
return 0 ;
gcfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
if (!gcfs_rq->propagate)
return 0 ;
gcfs_rq->propagate = 0 ;
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum);
update_tg_cfs_util(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
update_tg_cfs_runnable(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
update_tg_cfs_load(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
trace_pelt_se_tp(se);
return 1 ;
}
/*
* Check if we need to update the load and the utilization of a blocked
* group_entity :
*/
static inline bool skip_blocked_update(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
/*
* If sched_entity still have not zero load or utilization , we have to
* decay it :
*/
if (se->avg.load_avg || se->avg.util_avg)
return false ;
/*
* If there is a pending propagation , we have to update the load and
* the utilization of the sched_entity :
*/
if (gcfs_rq->propagate)
return false ;
/*
* Otherwise , the load and the utilization of the sched_entity is
* already zero and there is no pending propagation , so it will be a
* waste of time to try to decay it :
*/
return true ;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED: */
static inline void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
static inline void clear_tg_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq) {}
static inline int propagate_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
{
return 0 ;
}
static inline void add_tg_cfs_propagate(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, long runnable_sum) {}
#endif /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
static inline void migrate_se_pelt_lag(struct sched_entity *se)
{
u64 throttled = 0 , now, lut;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
struct rq *rq;
bool is_idle;
if (load_avg_is_decayed(&se->avg))
return ;
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
rcu_read_lock();
is_idle = is_idle_task(rcu_dereference(rq->curr));
rcu_read_unlock();
/*
* The lag estimation comes with a cost we don ' t want to pay all the
* time . Hence , limiting to the case where the source CPU is idle and
* we know we are at the greatest risk to have an outdated clock .
*/
if (!is_idle)
return ;
/*
* Estimated " now " is : last_update_time + cfs_idle_lag + rq_idle_lag , where :
*
* last_update_time ( the cfs_rq ' s last_update_time )
* = cfs_rq_clock_pelt ( ) @ cfs_rq_idle
* = rq_clock_pelt ( ) @ cfs_rq_idle
* - cfs - > throttled_clock_pelt_time @ cfs_rq_idle
*
* cfs_idle_lag ( delta between rq ' s update and cfs_rq ' s update )
* = rq_clock_pelt ( ) @ rq_idle - rq_clock_pelt ( ) @ cfs_rq_idle
*
* rq_idle_lag ( delta between now and rq ' s update )
* = sched_clock_cpu ( ) - rq_clock ( ) @ rq_idle
*
* We can then write :
*
* now = rq_clock_pelt ( ) @ rq_idle - cfs - > throttled_clock_pelt_time +
* sched_clock_cpu ( ) - rq_clock ( ) @ rq_idle
* Where :
* rq_clock_pelt ( ) @ rq_idle is rq - > clock_pelt_idle
* rq_clock ( ) @ rq_idle is rq - > clock_idle
* cfs - > throttled_clock_pelt_time @ cfs_rq_idle
* is cfs_rq - > throttled_pelt_idle
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
throttled = u64_u32_load(cfs_rq->throttled_pelt_idle);
/* The clock has been stopped for throttling */
if (throttled == U64_MAX)
return ;
#endif
now = u64_u32_load(rq->clock_pelt_idle);
/*
* Paired with _ update_idle_rq_clock_pelt ( ) . It ensures at the worst case
* is observed the old clock_pelt_idle value and the new clock_idle ,
* which lead to an underestimation . The opposite would lead to an
* overestimation .
*/
smp_rmb();
lut = cfs_rq_last_update_time(cfs_rq);
now -= throttled;
if (now < lut)
/*
* cfs_rq - > avg . last_update_time is more recent than our
* estimation , let ' s use it .
*/
now = lut;
else
now += sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq)) - u64_u32_load(rq->clock_idle);
__update_load_avg_blocked_se(now, se);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON: */
static void migrate_se_pelt_lag(struct sched_entity *se) {}
#endif /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
/**
* update_cfs_rq_load_avg - update the cfs_rq ' s load / util averages
* @ now : current time , as per cfs_rq_clock_pelt ( )
* @ cfs_rq : cfs_rq to update
*
* The cfs_rq avg is the direct sum of all its entities ( blocked and runnable )
* avg . The immediate corollary is that all ( fair ) tasks must be attached .
*
* cfs_rq - > avg is used for task_h_load ( ) and update_cfs_share ( ) for example .
*
* Return : true if the load decayed or we removed load .
*
* Since both these conditions indicate a changed cfs_rq - > avg . load we should
* call update_tg_load_avg ( ) when this function returns true .
*/
static inline int
update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
unsigned long removed_load = 0 , removed_util = 0 , removed_runnable = 0 ;
struct sched_avg *sa = &cfs_rq->avg;
int decayed = 0 ;
if (cfs_rq->removed.nr) {
unsigned long r;
u32 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.util_avg, removed_util);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.load_avg, removed_load);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg, removed_runnable);
cfs_rq->removed.nr = 0 ;
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
r = removed_load;
sub_positive(&sa->load_avg, r);
sub_positive(&sa->load_sum, r * divider);
/* See sa->util_sum below */
sa->load_sum = max_t(u32, sa->load_sum, sa->load_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
r = removed_util;
sub_positive(&sa->util_avg, r);
sub_positive(&sa->util_sum, r * divider);
/*
* Because of rounding , se - > util_sum might ends up being + 1 more than
* cfs - > util_sum . Although this is not a problem by itself , detaching
* a lot of tasks with the rounding problem between 2 updates of
* util_avg ( ~ 1 ms ) can make cfs - > util_sum becoming null whereas
* cfs_util_avg is not .
* Check that util_sum is still above its lower bound for the new
* util_avg . Given that period_contrib might have moved since the last
* sync , we are only sure that util_sum must be above or equal to
* util_avg * minimum possible divider
*/
sa->util_sum = max_t(u32, sa->util_sum, sa->util_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
r = removed_runnable;
sub_positive(&sa->runnable_avg, r);
sub_positive(&sa->runnable_sum, r * divider);
/* See sa->util_sum above */
sa->runnable_sum = max_t(u32, sa->runnable_sum,
sa->runnable_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
/*
* removed_runnable is the unweighted version of removed_load so we
* can use it to estimate removed_load_sum .
*/
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq,
-(long )(removed_runnable * divider) >> SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT);
decayed = 1 ;
}
decayed |= __update_load_avg_cfs_rq(now, cfs_rq);
u64_u32_store_copy(sa->last_update_time,
cfs_rq->last_update_time_copy,
sa->last_update_time);
return decayed;
}
/**
* attach_entity_load_avg - attach this entity to its cfs_rq load avg
* @ cfs_rq : cfs_rq to attach to
* @ se : sched_entity to attach
*
* Must call update_cfs_rq_load_avg ( ) before this , since we rely on
* cfs_rq - > avg . last_update_time being current .
*/
static void attach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
/*
* cfs_rq - > avg . period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se .
* See _ _ _ update_load_avg ( ) for details .
*/
u32 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
/*
* When we attach the @ se to the @ cfs_rq , we must align the decay
* window because without that , really weird and wonderful things can
* happen .
*
* XXX illustrate
*/
se->avg.last_update_time = cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time;
se->avg.period_contrib = cfs_rq->avg.period_contrib;
/*
* Hell ( o ) Nasty stuff . . we need to recompute _ sum based on the new
* period_contrib . This isn ' t strictly correct , but since we ' re
* entirely outside of the PELT hierarchy , nobody cares if we truncate
* _ sum a little .
*/
se->avg.util_sum = se->avg.util_avg * divider;
se->avg.runnable_sum = se->avg.runnable_avg * divider;
se->avg.load_sum = se->avg.load_avg * divider;
if (se_weight(se) < se->avg.load_sum)
se->avg.load_sum = div_u64(se->avg.load_sum, se_weight(se));
else
se->avg.load_sum = 1 ;
enqueue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
cfs_rq->avg.util_avg += se->avg.util_avg;
cfs_rq->avg.util_sum += se->avg.util_sum;
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg += se->avg.runnable_avg;
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum += se->avg.runnable_sum;
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, se->avg.load_sum);
cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0 );
trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
}
/**
* detach_entity_load_avg - detach this entity from its cfs_rq load avg
* @ cfs_rq : cfs_rq to detach from
* @ se : sched_entity to detach
*
* Must call update_cfs_rq_load_avg ( ) before this , since we rely on
* cfs_rq - > avg . last_update_time being current .
*/
static void detach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
dequeue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, se->avg.util_avg);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, se->avg.util_sum);
/* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
cfs_rq->avg.util_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.util_sum,
cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg, se->avg.runnable_avg);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum, se->avg.runnable_sum);
/* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum,
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, -se->avg.load_sum);
cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0 );
trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
}
/*
* Optional action to be done while updating the load average
*/
#define UPDATE_TG 0 x1
#define SKIP_AGE_LOAD 0 x2
#define DO_ATTACH 0 x4
#define DO_DETACH 0 x8
/* Update task and its cfs_rq load average */
static inline void update_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
u64 now = cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
int decayed;
/*
* Track task load average for carrying it to new CPU after migrated , and
* track group sched_entity load average for task_h_load calculation in migration
*/
if (se->avg.last_update_time && !(flags & SKIP_AGE_LOAD))
__update_load_avg_se(now, cfs_rq, se);
decayed = update_cfs_rq_load_avg(now, cfs_rq);
decayed |= propagate_entity_load_avg(se);
if (!se->avg.last_update_time && (flags & DO_ATTACH)) {
/*
* DO_ATTACH means we ' re here from enqueue_entity ( ) .
* ! last_update_time means we ' ve passed through
* migrate_task_rq_fair ( ) indicating we migrated .
*
* IOW we ' re enqueueing a task on a new CPU .
*/
attach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
} else if (flags & DO_DETACH) {
/*
* DO_DETACH means we ' re here from dequeue_entity ( )
* and we are migrating task out of the CPU .
*/
detach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
} else if (decayed) {
cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0 );
if (flags & UPDATE_TG)
update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
}
}
/*
* Synchronize entity load avg of dequeued entity without locking
* the previous rq .
*/
static void sync_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
u64 last_update_time;
last_update_time = cfs_rq_last_update_time(cfs_rq);
__update_load_avg_blocked_se(last_update_time, se);
}
/*
* Task first catches up with cfs_rq , and then subtract
* itself from the cfs_rq ( task must be off the queue now ) .
*/
static void remove_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
unsigned long flags;
/*
* tasks cannot exit without having gone through wake_up_new_task ( ) - >
* enqueue_task_fair ( ) which will have added things to the cfs_rq ,
* so we can remove unconditionally .
*/
sync_entity_load_avg(se);
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_rq->removed.lock, flags);
++cfs_rq->removed.nr;
cfs_rq->removed.util_avg += se->avg.util_avg;
cfs_rq->removed.load_avg += se->avg.load_avg;
cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg += se->avg.runnable_avg;
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_rq->removed.lock, flags);
}
static inline unsigned long cfs_rq_runnable_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg;
}
static inline unsigned long cfs_rq_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_rq->avg.load_avg;
}
static int sched_balance_newidle(struct rq *this_rq, struct rq_flags *rf);
static inline unsigned long task_util(struct task_struct *p)
{
return READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_avg);
}
static inline unsigned long task_runnable(struct task_struct *p)
{
return READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.runnable_avg);
}
static inline unsigned long _task_util_est(struct task_struct *p)
{
return READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_est) & ~UTIL_AVG_UNCHANGED;
}
static inline unsigned long task_util_est(struct task_struct *p)
{
return max(task_util(p), _task_util_est(p));
}
static inline void util_est_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned int enqueued;
if (!sched_feat(UTIL_EST))
return ;
/* Update root cfs_rq's estimated utilization */
enqueued = cfs_rq->avg.util_est;
enqueued += _task_util_est(p);
WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_est, enqueued);
trace_sched_util_est_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
}
static inline void util_est_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned int enqueued;
if (!sched_feat(UTIL_EST))
return ;
/* Update root cfs_rq's estimated utilization */
enqueued = cfs_rq->avg.util_est;
enqueued -= min_t(unsigned int , enqueued, _task_util_est(p));
WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_est, enqueued);
trace_sched_util_est_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
}
#define UTIL_EST_MARGIN (SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE / 100 )
static inline void util_est_update(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
struct task_struct *p,
bool task_sleep)
{
unsigned int ewma, dequeued, last_ewma_diff;
if (!sched_feat(UTIL_EST))
return ;
/*
* Skip update of task ' s estimated utilization when the task has not
* yet completed an activation , e . g . being migrated .
*/
if (!task_sleep)
return ;
/* Get current estimate of utilization */
ewma = READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_est);
/*
* If the PELT values haven ' t changed since enqueue time ,
* skip the util_est update .
*/
if (ewma & UTIL_AVG_UNCHANGED)
return ;
/* Get utilization at dequeue */
dequeued = task_util(p);
/*
* Reset EWMA on utilization increases , the moving average is used only
* to smooth utilization decreases .
*/
if (ewma <= dequeued) {
ewma = dequeued;
goto done;
}
/*
* Skip update of task ' s estimated utilization when its members are
* already ~ 1 % close to its last activation value .
*/
last_ewma_diff = ewma - dequeued;
if (last_ewma_diff < UTIL_EST_MARGIN)
goto done;
/*
* To avoid underestimate of task utilization , skip updates of EWMA if
* we cannot grant that thread got all CPU time it wanted .
*/
if ((dequeued + UTIL_EST_MARGIN) < task_runnable(p))
goto done;
/*
* Update Task ' s estimated utilization
*
* When * p completes an activation we can consolidate another sample
* of the task size . This is done by using this value to update the
* Exponential Weighted Moving Average ( EWMA ) :
*
* ewma ( t ) = w * task_util ( p ) + ( 1 - w ) * ewma ( t - 1 )
* = w * task_util ( p ) + ewma ( t - 1 ) - w * ewma ( t - 1 )
* = w * ( task_util ( p ) - ewma ( t - 1 ) ) + ewma ( t - 1 )
* = w * ( - last_ewma_diff ) + ewma ( t - 1 )
* = w * ( - last_ewma_diff + ewma ( t - 1 ) / w )
*
* Where ' w ' is the weight of new samples , which is configured to be
* 0 . 25 , thus making w = 1 / 4 ( > > = UTIL_EST_WEIGHT_SHIFT )
*/
ewma <<= UTIL_EST_WEIGHT_SHIFT;
ewma -= last_ewma_diff;
ewma >>= UTIL_EST_WEIGHT_SHIFT;
done:
ewma |= UTIL_AVG_UNCHANGED;
WRITE_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_est, ewma);
trace_sched_util_est_se_tp(&p->se);
}
static inline unsigned long get_actual_cpu_capacity(int cpu)
{
unsigned long capacity = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu);
capacity -= max(hw_load_avg(cpu_rq(cpu)), cpufreq_get_pressure(cpu));
return capacity;
}
static inline int util_fits_cpu(unsigned long util,
unsigned long uclamp_min,
unsigned long uclamp_max,
int cpu)
{
unsigned long capacity = capacity_of(cpu);
unsigned long capacity_orig;
bool fits, uclamp_max_fits;
/*
* Check if the real util fits without any uclamp boost / cap applied .
*/
fits = fits_capacity(util, capacity);
if (!uclamp_is_used())
return fits;
/*
* We must use arch_scale_cpu_capacity ( ) for comparing against uclamp_min and
* uclamp_max . We only care about capacity pressure ( by using
* capacity_of ( ) ) for comparing against the real util .
*
* If a task is boosted to 1024 for example , we don ' t want a tiny
* pressure to skew the check whether it fits a CPU or not .
*
* Similarly if a task is capped to arch_scale_cpu_capacity ( little_cpu ) , it
* should fit a little cpu even if there ' s some pressure .
*
* Only exception is for HW or cpufreq pressure since it has a direct impact
* on available OPP of the system .
*
* We honour it for uclamp_min only as a drop in performance level
* could result in not getting the requested minimum performance level .
*
* For uclamp_max , we can tolerate a drop in performance level as the
* goal is to cap the task . So it ' s okay if it ' s getting less .
*/
capacity_orig = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu);
/*
* We want to force a task to fit a cpu as implied by uclamp_max .
* But we do have some corner cases to cater for . .
*
*
* C = z
* | _ _ _
* | C = y | |
* | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ | _ | _ _ _ _ _ uclamp_max
* | C = x | | | |
* | _ _ _ | | | |
* | | | | | | | ( util somewhere in this region )
* | | | | | | |
* | | | | | | |
* + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* CPU0 CPU1 CPU2
*
* In the above example if a task is capped to a specific performance
* point , y , then when :
*
* * util = 80 % of x then it does not fit on CPU0 and should migrate
* to CPU1
* * util = 80 % of y then it is forced to fit on CPU1 to honour
* uclamp_max request .
*
* which is what we ' re enforcing here . A task always fits if
* uclamp_max < = capacity_orig . But when uclamp_max > capacity_orig ,
* the normal upmigration rules should withhold still .
*
* Only exception is when we are on max capacity , then we need to be
* careful not to block overutilized state . This is so because :
*
* 1 . There ' s no concept of capping at max_capacity ! We can ' t go
* beyond this performance level anyway .
* 2 . The system is being saturated when we ' re operating near
* max capacity , it doesn ' t make sense to block overutilized .
*/
uclamp_max_fits = (capacity_orig == SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) && (uclamp_max == SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
uclamp_max_fits = !uclamp_max_fits && (uclamp_max <= capacity_orig);
fits = fits || uclamp_max_fits;
/*
*
* C = z
* | _ _ _ ( region a , capped , util > = uclamp_max )
* | C = y | |
* | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ | _ | _ _ _ _ _ uclamp_max
* | C = x | | | |
* | _ _ _ | | | | ( region b , uclamp_min < = util < = uclamp_max )
* | _ _ _ | _ _ | _ _ _ _ | _ | _ _ _ | _ | _ _ _ _ _ uclamp_min
* | | | | | | |
* | | | | | | | ( region c , boosted , util < uclamp_min )
* + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* CPU0 CPU1 CPU2
*
* a ) If util > uclamp_max , then we ' re capped , we don ' t care about
* actual fitness value here . We only care if uclamp_max fits
* capacity without taking margin / pressure into account .
* See comment above .
*
* b ) If uclamp_min < = util < = uclamp_max , then the normal
* fits_capacity ( ) rules apply . Except we need to ensure that we
* enforce we remain within uclamp_max , see comment above .
*
* c ) If util < uclamp_min , then we are boosted . Same as ( b ) but we
* need to take into account the boosted value fits the CPU without
* taking margin / pressure into account .
*
* Cases ( a ) and ( b ) are handled in the ' fits ' variable already . We
* just need to consider an extra check for case ( c ) after ensuring we
* handle the case uclamp_min > uclamp_max .
*/
uclamp_min = min(uclamp_min, uclamp_max);
if (fits && (util < uclamp_min) &&
(uclamp_min > get_actual_cpu_capacity(cpu)))
return -1 ;
return fits;
}
static inline int task_fits_cpu(struct task_struct *p, int cpu)
{
unsigned long uclamp_min = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN);
unsigned long uclamp_max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
unsigned long util = task_util_est(p);
/*
* Return true only if the cpu fully fits the task requirements , which
* include the utilization but also the performance hints .
*/
return (util_fits_cpu(util, uclamp_min, uclamp_max, cpu) > 0 );
}
static inline void update_misfit_status(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
{
int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
if (!sched_asym_cpucap_active())
return ;
/*
* Affinity allows us to go somewhere higher ? Or are we on biggest
* available CPU already ? Or do we fit into this CPU ?
*/
if (!p || (p->nr_cpus_allowed == 1 ) ||
(arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu) == p->max_allowed_capacity) ||
task_fits_cpu(p, cpu)) {
rq->misfit_task_load = 0 ;
return ;
}
/*
* Make sure that misfit_task_load will not be null even if
* task_h_load ( ) returns 0 .
*/
rq->misfit_task_load = max_t(unsigned long , task_h_load(p), 1 );
}
void __setparam_fair(struct task_struct *p, const struct sched_attr *attr)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
p->static_prio = NICE_TO_PRIO(attr->sched_nice);
if (attr->sched_runtime) {
se->custom_slice = 1 ;
se->slice = clamp_t(u64, attr->sched_runtime,
NSEC_PER_MSEC/10 , /* HZ=1000 * 10 */
NSEC_PER_MSEC*100 ); /* HZ=100 / 10 */
} else {
se->custom_slice = 0 ;
se->slice = sysctl_sched_base_slice;
}
}
static void
place_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
u64 vslice, vruntime = avg_vruntime(cfs_rq);
s64 lag = 0 ;
if (!se->custom_slice)
se->slice = sysctl_sched_base_slice;
vslice = calc_delta_fair(se->slice, se);
/*
* Due to how V is constructed as the weighted average of entities ,
* adding tasks with positive lag , or removing tasks with negative lag
* will move ' time ' backwards , this can screw around with the lag of
* other tasks .
*
* EEVDF : placement strategy # 1 / # 2
*/
if (sched_feat(PLACE_LAG) && cfs_rq->nr_queued && se->vlag) {
struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
unsigned long load;
lag = se->vlag;
/*
* If we want to place a task and preserve lag , we have to
* consider the effect of the new entity on the weighted
* average and compensate for this , otherwise lag can quickly
* evaporate .
*
* Lag is defined as :
*
* lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * ( V - v_i )
*
* To avoid the ' w_i ' term all over the place , we only track
* the virtual lag :
*
* vl_i = V - v_i < = > v_i = V - vl_i
*
* And we take V to be the weighted average of all v :
*
* V = ( \ Sum w_j * v_j ) / W
*
* Where W is : \ Sum w_j
*
* Then , the weighted average after adding an entity with lag
* vl_i is given by :
*
* V ' = ( \ Sum w_j * v_j + w_i * v_i ) / ( W + w_i )
* = ( W * V + w_i * ( V - vl_i ) ) / ( W + w_i )
* = ( W * V + w_i * V - w_i * vl_i ) / ( W + w_i )
* = ( V * ( W + w_i ) - w_i * vl_i ) / ( W + w_i )
* = V - w_i * vl_i / ( W + w_i )
*
* And the actual lag after adding an entity with vl_i is :
*
* vl ' _ i = V ' - v_i
* = V - w_i * vl_i / ( W + w_i ) - ( V - vl_i )
* = vl_i - w_i * vl_i / ( W + w_i )
*
* Which is strictly less than vl_i . So in order to preserve lag
* we should inflate the lag before placement such that the
* effective lag after placement comes out right .
*
* As such , invert the above relation for vl ' _ i to get the vl_i
* we need to use such that the lag after placement is the lag
* we computed before dequeue .
*
* vl ' _ i = vl_i - w_i * vl_i / ( W + w_i )
* = ( ( W + w_i ) * vl_i - w_i * vl_i ) / ( W + w_i )
*
* ( W + w_i ) * vl ' _ i = ( W + w_i ) * vl_i - w_i * vl_i
* = W * vl_i
*
* vl_i = ( W + w_i ) * vl ' _ i / W
*/
load = cfs_rq->avg_load;
if (curr && curr->on_rq)
load += scale_load_down(curr->load.weight);
lag *= load + scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!load))
load = 1 ;
lag = div_s64(lag, load);
}
se->vruntime = vruntime - lag;
if (se->rel_deadline) {
se->deadline += se->vruntime;
se->rel_deadline = 0 ;
return ;
}
/*
* When joining the competition ; the existing tasks will be ,
* on average , halfway through their slice , as such start tasks
* off with half a slice to ease into the competition .
*/
if (sched_feat(PLACE_DEADLINE_INITIAL) && (flags & ENQUEUE_INITIAL))
vslice /= 2 ;
/*
* EEVDF : vd_i = ve_i + r_i / w_i
*/
se->deadline = se->vruntime + vslice;
}
static void check_enqueue_throttle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
static inline int cfs_rq_throttled(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
static void
requeue_delayed_entity(struct sched_entity *se);
static void
enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
bool curr = cfs_rq->curr == se;
/*
* If we ' re the current task , we must renormalise before calling
* update_curr ( ) .
*/
if (curr)
place_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
update_curr(cfs_rq);
/*
* When enqueuing a sched_entity , we must :
* - Update loads to have both entity and cfs_rq synced with now .
* - For group_entity , update its runnable_weight to reflect the new
* h_nr_runnable of its group cfs_rq .
* - For group_entity , update its weight to reflect the new share of
* its group cfs_rq
* - Add its new weight to cfs_rq - > load . weight
*/
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG | DO_ATTACH);
se_update_runnable(se);
/*
* XXX update_load_avg ( ) above will have attached us to the pelt sum ;
* but update_cfs_group ( ) here will re - adjust the weight and have to
* undo / redo all that . Seems wasteful .
*/
update_cfs_group(se);
/*
* XXX now that the entity has been re - weighted , and it ' s lag adjusted ,
* we can place the entity .
*/
if (!curr)
place_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
account_entity_enqueue(cfs_rq, se);
/* Entity has migrated, no longer consider this task hot */
if (flags & ENQUEUE_MIGRATED)
se->exec_start = 0 ;
check_schedstat_required();
update_stats_enqueue_fair(cfs_rq, se, flags);
if (!curr)
__enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
se->on_rq = 1 ;
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued == 1 ) {
check_enqueue_throttle(cfs_rq);
if (!throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq)) {
list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
} else {
#ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq) && !cfs_rq->throttled_clock)
cfs_rq->throttled_clock = rq_clock(rq);
if (!cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self)
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self = rq_clock(rq);
#endif
}
}
}
static void __clear_buddies_next(struct sched_entity *se)
{
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
if (cfs_rq->next != se)
break ;
cfs_rq->next = NULL;
}
}
static void clear_buddies(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (cfs_rq->next == se)
__clear_buddies_next(se);
}
static __always_inline void return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
static void set_delayed(struct sched_entity *se)
{
se->sched_delayed = 1 ;
/*
* Delayed se of cfs_rq have no tasks queued on them .
* Do not adjust h_nr_runnable since dequeue_entities ( )
* will account it for blocked tasks .
*/
if (!entity_is_task(se))
return ;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable--;
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
break ;
}
}
static void clear_delayed(struct sched_entity *se)
{
se->sched_delayed = 0 ;
/*
* Delayed se of cfs_rq have no tasks queued on them .
* Do not adjust h_nr_runnable since a dequeue has
* already accounted for it or an enqueue of a task
* below it will account for it in enqueue_task_fair ( ) .
*/
if (!entity_is_task(se))
return ;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable++;
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
break ;
}
}
static inline void finish_delayed_dequeue_entity(struct sched_entity *se)
{
clear_delayed(se);
if (sched_feat(DELAY_ZERO) && se->vlag > 0 )
se->vlag = 0 ;
}
static bool
dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
bool sleep = flags & DEQUEUE_SLEEP;
int action = UPDATE_TG;
update_curr(cfs_rq);
clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
if (flags & DEQUEUE_DELAYED) {
WARN_ON_ONCE(!se->sched_delayed);
} else {
bool delay = sleep;
/*
* DELAY_DEQUEUE relies on spurious wakeups , special task
* states must not suffer spurious wakeups , excempt them .
*/
if (flags & DEQUEUE_SPECIAL)
delay = false ;
WARN_ON_ONCE(delay && se->sched_delayed);
if (sched_feat(DELAY_DEQUEUE) && delay &&
!entity_eligible(cfs_rq, se)) {
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, 0 );
set_delayed(se);
return false ;
}
}
if (entity_is_task(se) && task_on_rq_migrating(task_of(se)))
action |= DO_DETACH;
/*
* When dequeuing a sched_entity , we must :
* - Update loads to have both entity and cfs_rq synced with now .
* - For group_entity , update its runnable_weight to reflect the new
* h_nr_runnable of its group cfs_rq .
* - Subtract its previous weight from cfs_rq - > load . weight .
* - For group entity , update its weight to reflect the new share
* of its group cfs_rq .
*/
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, action);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_stats_dequeue_fair(cfs_rq, se, flags);
update_entity_lag(cfs_rq, se);
if (sched_feat(PLACE_REL_DEADLINE) && !sleep) {
se->deadline -= se->vruntime;
se->rel_deadline = 1 ;
}
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
__dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
se->on_rq = 0 ;
account_entity_dequeue(cfs_rq, se);
/* return excess runtime on last dequeue */
return_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
update_cfs_group(se);
/*
* Now advance min_vruntime if @ se was the entity holding it back ,
* except when : DEQUEUE_SAVE & & ! DEQUEUE_MOVE , in this case we ' ll be
* put back on , and if we advance min_vruntime , we ' ll be placed back
* further than we started - - i . e . we ' ll be penalized .
*/
if ((flags & (DEQUEUE_SAVE | DEQUEUE_MOVE)) != DEQUEUE_SAVE)
update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq);
if (flags & DEQUEUE_DELAYED)
finish_delayed_dequeue_entity(se);
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued == 0 )
update_idle_cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
return true ;
}
static void
set_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
/* 'current' is not kept within the tree. */
if (se->on_rq) {
/*
* Any task has to be enqueued before it get to execute on
* a CPU . So account for the time it spent waiting on the
* runqueue .
*/
update_stats_wait_end_fair(cfs_rq, se);
__dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
set_protect_slice(cfs_rq, se);
}
update_stats_curr_start(cfs_rq, se);
WARN_ON_ONCE(cfs_rq->curr);
cfs_rq->curr = se;
/*
* Track our maximum slice length , if the CPU ' s load is at
* least twice that of our own weight ( i . e . don ' t track it
* when there are only lesser - weight tasks around ) :
*/
if (schedstat_enabled() &&
rq_of(cfs_rq)->cfs.load.weight >= 2 *se->load.weight) {
struct sched_statistics *stats;
stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
__schedstat_set(stats->slice_max,
max((u64)stats->slice_max,
se->sum_exec_runtime - se->prev_sum_exec_runtime));
}
se->prev_sum_exec_runtime = se->sum_exec_runtime;
}
static int dequeue_entities(struct rq *rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags);
/*
* Pick the next process , keeping these things in mind , in this order :
* 1 ) keep things fair between processes / task groups
* 2 ) pick the " next " process , since someone really wants that to run
* 3 ) pick the " last " process , for cache locality
* 4 ) do not run the " skip " process , if something else is available
*/
static struct sched_entity *
pick_next_entity(struct rq *rq, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct sched_entity *se;
/*
* Picking the - > next buddy will affect latency but not fairness .
*/
if (sched_feat(PICK_BUDDY) &&
cfs_rq->next && entity_eligible(cfs_rq, cfs_rq->next)) {
/* ->next will never be delayed */
WARN_ON_ONCE(cfs_rq->next->sched_delayed);
return cfs_rq->next;
}
se = pick_eevdf(cfs_rq);
if (se->sched_delayed) {
dequeue_entities(rq, se, DEQUEUE_SLEEP | DEQUEUE_DELAYED);
/*
* Must not reference @ se again , see _ _ block_task ( ) .
*/
return NULL;
}
return se;
}
static bool check_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
static void put_prev_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *prev)
{
/*
* If still on the runqueue then deactivate_task ( )
* was not called and update_curr ( ) has to be done :
*/
if (prev->on_rq)
update_curr(cfs_rq);
/* throttle cfs_rqs exceeding runtime */
check_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
if (prev->on_rq) {
update_stats_wait_start_fair(cfs_rq, prev);
/* Put 'current' back into the tree. */
__enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, prev);
/* in !on_rq case, update occurred at dequeue */
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, prev, 0 );
}
WARN_ON_ONCE(cfs_rq->curr != prev);
cfs_rq->curr = NULL;
}
static void
entity_tick(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *curr, int queued)
{
/*
* Update run - time statistics of the ' current ' .
*/
update_curr(cfs_rq);
/*
* Ensure that runnable average is periodically updated .
*/
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, curr, UPDATE_TG);
update_cfs_group(curr);
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK
/*
* queued ticks are scheduled to match the slice , so don ' t bother
* validating it and just reschedule .
*/
if (queued) {
resched_curr_lazy(rq_of(cfs_rq));
return ;
}
#endif
}
/**************************************************
* CFS bandwidth control machinery
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
#ifdef CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL
static struct static_key __cfs_bandwidth_used;
static inline bool cfs_bandwidth_used(void )
{
return static_key_false(&__cfs_bandwidth_used);
}
void cfs_bandwidth_usage_inc(void )
{
static_key_slow_inc_cpuslocked(&__cfs_bandwidth_used);
}
void cfs_bandwidth_usage_dec(void )
{
static_key_slow_dec_cpuslocked(&__cfs_bandwidth_used);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL: */
static bool cfs_bandwidth_used(void )
{
return true ;
}
void cfs_bandwidth_usage_inc(void ) {}
void cfs_bandwidth_usage_dec(void ) {}
#endif /* !CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL */
static inline u64 sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice(void )
{
return (u64)sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice * NSEC_PER_USEC;
}
/*
* Replenish runtime according to assigned quota . We use sched_clock_cpu
* directly instead of rq - > clock to avoid adding additional synchronization
* around rq - > lock .
*
* requires cfs_b - > lock
*/
void __refill_cfs_bandwidth_runtime(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
{
s64 runtime;
if (unlikely(cfs_b->quota == RUNTIME_INF))
return ;
cfs_b->runtime += cfs_b->quota;
runtime = cfs_b->runtime_snap - cfs_b->runtime;
if (runtime > 0 ) {
cfs_b->burst_time += runtime;
cfs_b->nr_burst++;
}
cfs_b->runtime = min(cfs_b->runtime, cfs_b->quota + cfs_b->burst);
cfs_b->runtime_snap = cfs_b->runtime;
}
static inline struct cfs_bandwidth *tg_cfs_bandwidth(struct task_group *tg)
{
return &tg->cfs_bandwidth;
}
/* returns 0 on failure to allocate runtime */
static int __assign_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b,
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 target_runtime)
{
u64 min_amount, amount = 0 ;
lockdep_assert_held(&cfs_b->lock);
/* note: this is a positive sum as runtime_remaining <= 0 */
min_amount = target_runtime - cfs_rq->runtime_remaining;
if (cfs_b->quota == RUNTIME_INF)
amount = min_amount;
else {
start_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_b);
if (cfs_b->runtime > 0 ) {
amount = min(cfs_b->runtime, min_amount);
cfs_b->runtime -= amount;
cfs_b->idle = 0 ;
}
}
cfs_rq->runtime_remaining += amount;
return cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0 ;
}
/* returns 0 on failure to allocate runtime */
static int assign_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
int ret;
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
ret = __assign_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_b, cfs_rq, sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice());
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
return ret;
}
static void __account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec)
{
/* dock delta_exec before expiring quota (as it could span periods) */
cfs_rq->runtime_remaining -= delta_exec;
if (likely(cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0 ))
return ;
if (cfs_rq->throttled)
return ;
/*
* if we ' re unable to extend our runtime we resched so that the active
* hierarchy can be throttled
*/
if (!assign_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq) && likely(cfs_rq->curr))
resched_curr(rq_of(cfs_rq));
}
static __always_inline
void account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec)
{
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used() || !cfs_rq->runtime_enabled)
return ;
__account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, delta_exec);
}
static inline int cfs_rq_throttled(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_bandwidth_used() && cfs_rq->throttled;
}
/* check whether cfs_rq, or any parent, is throttled */
static inline int throttled_hierarchy(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_bandwidth_used() && cfs_rq->throttle_count;
}
/*
* Ensure that neither of the group entities corresponding to src_cpu or
* dest_cpu are members of a throttled hierarchy when performing group
* load - balance operations .
*/
static inline int throttled_lb_pair(struct task_group *tg,
int src_cpu, int dest_cpu)
{
struct cfs_rq *src_cfs_rq, *dest_cfs_rq;
src_cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[src_cpu];
dest_cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[dest_cpu];
return throttled_hierarchy(src_cfs_rq) ||
throttled_hierarchy(dest_cfs_rq);
}
static int tg_unthrottle_up(struct task_group *tg, void *data)
{
struct rq *rq = data;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
cfs_rq->throttle_count--;
if (!cfs_rq->throttle_count) {
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt_time += rq_clock_pelt(rq) -
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt;
/* Add cfs_rq with load or one or more already running entities to the list */
if (!cfs_rq_is_decayed(cfs_rq))
list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
if (cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self) {
u64 delta = rq_clock(rq) - cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self;
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self = 0 ;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE((s64)delta < 0 ))
delta = 0 ;
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self_time += delta;
}
}
return 0 ;
}
static int tg_throttle_down(struct task_group *tg, void *data)
{
struct rq *rq = data;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
/* group is entering throttled state, stop time */
if (!cfs_rq->throttle_count) {
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt = rq_clock_pelt(rq);
list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
WARN_ON_ONCE(cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self);
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued)
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self = rq_clock(rq);
}
cfs_rq->throttle_count++;
return 0 ;
}
static bool throttle_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
struct sched_entity *se;
long queued_delta, runnable_delta, idle_delta, dequeue = 1 ;
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
/* This will start the period timer if necessary */
if (__assign_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_b, cfs_rq, 1 )) {
/*
* We have raced with bandwidth becoming available , and if we
* actually throttled the timer might not unthrottle us for an
* entire period . We additionally needed to make sure that any
* subsequent check_cfs_rq_runtime calls agree not to throttle
* us , as we may commit to do cfs put_prev + pick_next , so we ask
* for 1 ns of runtime rather than just check cfs_b .
*/
dequeue = 0 ;
} else {
list_add_tail_rcu(&cfs_rq->throttled_list,
&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq);
}
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
if (!dequeue)
return false ; /* Throttle no longer required. */
se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq))];
/* freeze hierarchy runnable averages while throttled */
rcu_read_lock();
walk_tg_tree_from(cfs_rq->tg, tg_throttle_down, tg_nop, (void *)rq);
rcu_read_unlock();
queued_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_queued;
runnable_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable;
idle_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_idle;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
int flags;
/* throttled entity or throttle-on-deactivate */
if (!se->on_rq)
goto done;
/*
* Abuse SPECIAL to avoid delayed dequeue in this instance .
* This avoids teaching dequeue_entities ( ) about throttled
* entities and keeps things relatively simple .
*/
flags = DEQUEUE_SLEEP | DEQUEUE_SPECIAL;
if (se->sched_delayed)
flags |= DEQUEUE_DELAYED;
dequeue_entity(qcfs_rq, se, flags);
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
idle_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_queued;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_queued -= queued_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_runnable -= runnable_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_idle -= idle_delta;
if (qcfs_rq->load.weight) {
/* Avoid re-evaluating load for this entity: */
se = parent_entity(se);
break ;
}
}
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
/* throttled entity or throttle-on-deactivate */
if (!se->on_rq)
goto done;
update_load_avg(qcfs_rq, se, 0 );
se_update_runnable(se);
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
idle_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_queued;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_queued -= queued_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_runnable -= runnable_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_idle -= idle_delta;
}
/* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
sub_nr_running(rq, queued_delta);
done:
/*
* Note : distribution will already see us throttled via the
* throttled - list . rq - > lock protects completion .
*/
cfs_rq->throttled = 1 ;
WARN_ON_ONCE(cfs_rq->throttled_clock);
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued)
cfs_rq->throttled_clock = rq_clock(rq);
return true ;
}
void unthrottle_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
struct sched_entity *se;
long queued_delta, runnable_delta, idle_delta;
long rq_h_nr_queued = rq->cfs.h_nr_queued;
se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu_of(rq)];
cfs_rq->throttled = 0 ;
update_rq_clock(rq);
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
if (cfs_rq->throttled_clock) {
cfs_b->throttled_time += rq_clock(rq) - cfs_rq->throttled_clock;
cfs_rq->throttled_clock = 0 ;
}
list_del_rcu(&cfs_rq->throttled_list);
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
/* update hierarchical throttle state */
walk_tg_tree_from(cfs_rq->tg, tg_nop, tg_unthrottle_up, (void *)rq);
if (!cfs_rq->load.weight) {
if (!cfs_rq->on_list)
return ;
/*
* Nothing to run but something to decay ( on_list ) ?
* Complete the branch .
*/
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
if (list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq_of(se)))
break ;
}
goto unthrottle_throttle;
}
queued_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_queued;
runnable_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable;
idle_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_idle;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
/* Handle any unfinished DELAY_DEQUEUE business first. */
if (se->sched_delayed) {
int flags = DEQUEUE_SLEEP | DEQUEUE_DELAYED;
dequeue_entity(qcfs_rq, se, flags);
} else if (se->on_rq)
break ;
enqueue_entity(qcfs_rq, se, ENQUEUE_WAKEUP);
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
idle_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_queued;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_queued += queued_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_runnable += runnable_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_idle += idle_delta;
/* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(qcfs_rq))
goto unthrottle_throttle;
}
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
update_load_avg(qcfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
se_update_runnable(se);
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
idle_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_queued;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_queued += queued_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_runnable += runnable_delta;
qcfs_rq->h_nr_idle += idle_delta;
/* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(qcfs_rq))
goto unthrottle_throttle;
}
/* Start the fair server if un-throttling resulted in new runnable tasks */
if (!rq_h_nr_queued && rq->cfs.h_nr_queued)
dl_server_start(&rq->fair_server);
/* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
add_nr_running(rq, queued_delta);
unthrottle_throttle:
assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(rq);
/* Determine whether we need to wake up potentially idle CPU: */
if (rq->curr == rq->idle && rq->cfs.nr_queued)
resched_curr(rq);
}
static void __cfsb_csd_unthrottle(void *arg)
{
struct cfs_rq *cursor, *tmp;
struct rq *rq = arg;
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock(rq, &rf);
/*
* Iterating over the list can trigger several call to
* update_rq_clock ( ) in unthrottle_cfs_rq ( ) .
* Do it once and skip the potential next ones .
*/
update_rq_clock(rq);
rq_clock_start_loop_update(rq);
/*
* Since we hold rq lock we ' re safe from concurrent manipulation of
* the CSD list . However , this RCU critical section annotates the
* fact that we pair with sched_free_group_rcu ( ) , so that we cannot
* race with group being freed in the window between removing it
* from the list and advancing to the next entry in the list .
*/
rcu_read_lock();
list_for_each_entry_safe(cursor, tmp, &rq->cfsb_csd_list,
throttled_csd_list) {
list_del_init(&cursor->throttled_csd_list);
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cursor))
unthrottle_cfs_rq(cursor);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
rq_clock_stop_loop_update(rq);
rq_unlock(rq, &rf);
}
static inline void __unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
bool first;
if (rq == this_rq()) {
unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
return ;
}
/* Already enqueued */
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list)))
return ;
first = list_empty(&rq->cfsb_csd_list);
list_add_tail(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list, &rq->cfsb_csd_list);
if (first)
smp_call_function_single_async(cpu_of(rq), &rq->cfsb_csd);
}
static void unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq_of(cfs_rq));
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq) ||
cfs_rq->runtime_remaining <= 0 ))
return ;
__unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(cfs_rq);
}
static bool distribute_cfs_runtime(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
{
int this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
u64 runtime, remaining = 1 ;
bool throttled = false ;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *tmp;
struct rq_flags rf;
struct rq *rq;
LIST_HEAD(local_unthrottle);
rcu_read_lock();
list_for_each_entry_rcu(cfs_rq, &cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq,
throttled_list) {
rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
if (!remaining) {
throttled = true ;
break ;
}
rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
if (!cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
goto next;
/* Already queued for async unthrottle */
if (!list_empty(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list))
goto next;
/* By the above checks, this should never be true */
WARN_ON_ONCE(cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0 );
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
runtime = -cfs_rq->runtime_remaining + 1 ;
if (runtime > cfs_b->runtime)
runtime = cfs_b->runtime;
cfs_b->runtime -= runtime;
remaining = cfs_b->runtime;
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
cfs_rq->runtime_remaining += runtime;
/* we check whether we're throttled above */
if (cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0 ) {
if (cpu_of(rq) != this_cpu) {
unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(cfs_rq);
} else {
/*
* We currently only expect to be unthrottling
* a single cfs_rq locally .
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&local_unthrottle));
list_add_tail(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list,
&local_unthrottle);
}
} else {
throttled = true ;
}
next:
rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
}
list_for_each_entry_safe(cfs_rq, tmp, &local_unthrottle,
throttled_csd_list) {
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
list_del_init(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list);
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
}
WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&local_unthrottle));
rcu_read_unlock();
return throttled;
}
/*
* Responsible for refilling a task_group ' s bandwidth and unthrottling its
* cfs_rqs as appropriate . If there has been no activity within the last
* period the timer is deactivated until scheduling resumes ; cfs_b - > idle is
* used to track this state .
*/
static int do_sched_cfs_period_timer(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, int overrun, unsigned long flags)
{
int throttled;
/* no need to continue the timer with no bandwidth constraint */
if (cfs_b->quota == RUNTIME_INF)
goto out_deactivate;
throttled = !list_empty(&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq);
cfs_b->nr_periods += overrun;
/* Refill extra burst quota even if cfs_b->idle */
__refill_cfs_bandwidth_runtime(cfs_b);
/*
* idle depends on ! throttled ( for the case of a large deficit ) , and if
* we ' re going inactive then everything else can be deferred
*/
if (cfs_b->idle && !throttled)
goto out_deactivate;
if (!throttled) {
/* mark as potentially idle for the upcoming period */
cfs_b->idle = 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
/* account preceding periods in which throttling occurred */
cfs_b->nr_throttled += overrun;
/*
* This check is repeated as we release cfs_b - > lock while we unthrottle .
*/
while (throttled && cfs_b->runtime > 0 ) {
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
/* we can't nest cfs_b->lock while distributing bandwidth */
throttled = distribute_cfs_runtime(cfs_b);
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
}
/*
* While we are ensured activity in the period following an
* unthrottle , this also covers the case in which the new bandwidth is
* insufficient to cover the existing bandwidth deficit . ( Forcing the
* timer to remain active while there are any throttled entities . )
*/
cfs_b->idle = 0 ;
return 0 ;
out_deactivate:
return 1 ;
}
/* a cfs_rq won't donate quota below this amount */
static const u64 min_cfs_rq_runtime = 1 * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
/* minimum remaining period time to redistribute slack quota */
static const u64 min_bandwidth_expiration = 2 * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
/* how long we wait to gather additional slack before distributing */
static const u64 cfs_bandwidth_slack_period = 5 * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
/*
* Are we near the end of the current quota period ?
*
* Requires cfs_b - > lock for hrtimer_expires_remaining to be safe against the
* hrtimer base being cleared by hrtimer_start . In the case of
* migrate_hrtimers , base is never cleared , so we are fine .
*/
static int runtime_refresh_within(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, u64 min_expire)
{
struct hrtimer *refresh_timer = &cfs_b->period_timer;
s64 remaining;
/* if the call-back is running a quota refresh is already occurring */
if (hrtimer_callback_running(refresh_timer))
return 1 ;
/* is a quota refresh about to occur? */
remaining = ktime_to_ns(hrtimer_expires_remaining(refresh_timer));
if (remaining < (s64)min_expire)
return 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
static void start_cfs_slack_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
{
u64 min_left = cfs_bandwidth_slack_period + min_bandwidth_expiration;
/* if there's a quota refresh soon don't bother with slack */
if (runtime_refresh_within(cfs_b, min_left))
return ;
/* don't push forwards an existing deferred unthrottle */
if (cfs_b->slack_started)
return ;
cfs_b->slack_started = true ;
hrtimer_start(&cfs_b->slack_timer,
ns_to_ktime(cfs_bandwidth_slack_period),
HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
}
/* we know any runtime found here is valid as update_curr() precedes return */
static void __return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
s64 slack_runtime = cfs_rq->runtime_remaining - min_cfs_rq_runtime;
if (slack_runtime <= 0 )
return ;
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
if (cfs_b->quota != RUNTIME_INF) {
cfs_b->runtime += slack_runtime;
/* we are under rq->lock, defer unthrottling using a timer */
if (cfs_b->runtime > sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice() &&
!list_empty(&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq))
start_cfs_slack_bandwidth(cfs_b);
}
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
/* even if it's not valid for return we don't want to try again */
cfs_rq->runtime_remaining -= slack_runtime;
}
static __always_inline void return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
return ;
if (!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled || cfs_rq->nr_queued)
return ;
__return_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
}
/*
* This is done with a timer ( instead of inline with bandwidth return ) since
* it ' s necessary to juggle rq - > locks to unthrottle their respective cfs_rqs .
*/
static void do_sched_cfs_slack_timer(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
{
u64 runtime = 0 , slice = sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice();
unsigned long flags;
/* confirm we're still not at a refresh boundary */
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
cfs_b->slack_started = false ;
if (runtime_refresh_within(cfs_b, min_bandwidth_expiration)) {
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
return ;
}
if (cfs_b->quota != RUNTIME_INF && cfs_b->runtime > slice)
runtime = cfs_b->runtime;
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
if (!runtime)
return ;
distribute_cfs_runtime(cfs_b);
}
/*
* When a group wakes up we want to make sure that its quota is not already
* expired / exceeded , otherwise it may be allowed to steal additional ticks of
* runtime as update_curr ( ) throttling can not trigger until it ' s on - rq .
*/
static void check_enqueue_throttle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
return ;
/* an active group must be handled by the update_curr()->put() path */
if (!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled || cfs_rq->curr)
return ;
/* ensure the group is not already throttled */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
return ;
/* update runtime allocation */
account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, 0 );
if (cfs_rq->runtime_remaining <= 0 )
throttle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
}
static void sync_throttle(struct task_group *tg, int cpu)
{
struct cfs_rq *pcfs_rq, *cfs_rq;
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
return ;
if (!tg->parent)
return ;
cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu];
pcfs_rq = tg->parent->cfs_rq[cpu];
cfs_rq->throttle_count = pcfs_rq->throttle_count;
cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt = rq_clock_pelt(cpu_rq(cpu));
}
/* conditionally throttle active cfs_rq's from put_prev_entity() */
static bool check_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
return false ;
if (likely(!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled || cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0 ))
return false ;
/*
* it ' s possible for a throttled entity to be forced into a running
* state ( e . g . set_curr_task ) , in this case we ' re finished .
*/
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
return true ;
return throttle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
}
static enum hrtimer_restart sched_cfs_slack_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b =
container_of(timer, struct cfs_bandwidth, slack_timer);
do_sched_cfs_slack_timer(cfs_b);
return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
}
static enum hrtimer_restart sched_cfs_period_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b =
container_of(timer, struct cfs_bandwidth, period_timer);
unsigned long flags;
int overrun;
int idle = 0 ;
int count = 0 ;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
for (;;) {
overrun = hrtimer_forward_now(timer, cfs_b->period);
if (!overrun)
break ;
idle = do_sched_cfs_period_timer(cfs_b, overrun, flags);
if (++count > 3 ) {
u64 new , old = ktime_to_ns(cfs_b->period);
/*
* Grow period by a factor of 2 to avoid losing precision .
* Precision loss in the quota / period ratio can cause _ _ cfs_schedulable
* to fail .
*/
new = old * 2 ;
if (new < max_bw_quota_period_us * NSEC_PER_USEC) {
cfs_b->period = ns_to_ktime(new );
cfs_b->quota *= 2 ;
cfs_b->burst *= 2 ;
pr_warn_ratelimited(
"cfs_period_timer[cpu%d]: period too short, scaling up (new cfs_period_us = %lld, cfs_quota_us = %lld)\n" ,
smp_processor_id(),
div_u64(new , NSEC_PER_USEC),
div_u64(cfs_b->quota, NSEC_PER_USEC));
} else {
pr_warn_ratelimited(
"cfs_period_timer[cpu%d]: period too short, but cannot scale up without losing precision (cfs_period_us = %lld, cfs_quota_us = %lld)\n" ,
smp_processor_id(),
div_u64(old, NSEC_PER_USEC),
div_u64(cfs_b->quota, NSEC_PER_USEC));
}
/* reset count so we don't come right back in here */
count = 0 ;
}
}
if (idle)
cfs_b->period_active = 0 ;
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
return idle ? HRTIMER_NORESTART : HRTIMER_RESTART;
}
void init_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, struct cfs_bandwidth *parent)
{
raw_spin_lock_init(&cfs_b->lock);
cfs_b->runtime = 0 ;
cfs_b->quota = RUNTIME_INF;
cfs_b->period = us_to_ktime(default_bw_period_us());
cfs_b->burst = 0 ;
cfs_b->hierarchical_quota = parent ? parent->hierarchical_quota : RUNTIME_INF;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq);
hrtimer_setup(&cfs_b->period_timer, sched_cfs_period_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
HRTIMER_MODE_ABS_PINNED);
/* Add a random offset so that timers interleave */
hrtimer_set_expires(&cfs_b->period_timer,
get_random_u32_below(cfs_b->period));
hrtimer_setup(&cfs_b->slack_timer, sched_cfs_slack_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
cfs_b->slack_started = false ;
}
static void init_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
cfs_rq->runtime_enabled = 0 ;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cfs_rq->throttled_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list);
}
void start_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
{
lockdep_assert_held(&cfs_b->lock);
if (cfs_b->period_active)
return ;
cfs_b->period_active = 1 ;
hrtimer_forward_now(&cfs_b->period_timer, cfs_b->period);
hrtimer_start_expires(&cfs_b->period_timer, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS_PINNED);
}
static void destroy_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
{
int __maybe_unused i;
/* init_cfs_bandwidth() was not called */
if (!cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq.next)
return ;
hrtimer_cancel(&cfs_b->period_timer);
hrtimer_cancel(&cfs_b->slack_timer);
/*
* It is possible that we still have some cfs_rq ' s pending on a CSD
* list , though this race is very rare . In order for this to occur , we
* must have raced with the last task leaving the group while there
* exist throttled cfs_rq ( s ) , and the period_timer must have queued the
* CSD item but the remote cpu has not yet processed it . To handle this ,
* we can simply flush all pending CSD work inline here . We ' re
* guaranteed at this point that no additional cfs_rq of this group can
* join a CSD list .
*/
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
unsigned long flags;
if (list_empty(&rq->cfsb_csd_list))
continue ;
local_irq_save(flags);
__cfsb_csd_unthrottle(rq);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
}
/*
* Both these CPU hotplug callbacks race against unregister_fair_sched_group ( )
*
* The race is harmless , since modifying bandwidth settings of unhooked group
* bits doesn ' t do much .
*/
/* cpu online callback */
static void __maybe_unused update_runtime_enabled(struct rq *rq)
{
struct task_group *tg;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
rcu_read_lock();
list_for_each_entry_rcu(tg, &task_groups, list) {
struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = &tg->cfs_bandwidth;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
cfs_rq->runtime_enabled = cfs_b->quota != RUNTIME_INF;
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
}
/* cpu offline callback */
static void __maybe_unused unthrottle_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq)
{
struct task_group *tg;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
// Do not unthrottle for an active CPU
if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu_of(rq), cpu_active_mask))
return ;
/*
* The rq clock has already been updated in the
* set_rq_offline ( ) , so we should skip updating
* the rq clock again in unthrottle_cfs_rq ( ) .
*/
rq_clock_start_loop_update(rq);
rcu_read_lock();
list_for_each_entry_rcu(tg, &task_groups, list) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
if (!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled)
continue ;
/*
* Offline rq is schedulable till CPU is completely disabled
* in take_cpu_down ( ) , so we prevent new cfs throttling here .
*/
cfs_rq->runtime_enabled = 0 ;
if (!cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
continue ;
/*
* clock_task is not advancing so we just need to make sure
* there ' s some valid quota amount
*/
cfs_rq->runtime_remaining = 1 ;
unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
rq_clock_stop_loop_update(rq);
}
bool cfs_task_bw_constrained(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(p);
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
return false ;
if (cfs_rq->runtime_enabled ||
tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg)->hierarchical_quota != RUNTIME_INF)
return true ;
return false ;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL
/* called from pick_next_task_fair() */
static void sched_fair_update_stop_tick(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
return ;
if (!tick_nohz_full_cpu(cpu))
return ;
if (rq->nr_running != 1 )
return ;
/*
* We know there is only one task runnable and we ' ve just picked it . The
* normal enqueue path will have cleared TICK_DEP_BIT_SCHED if we will
* be otherwise able to stop the tick . Just need to check if we are using
* bandwidth control .
*/
if (cfs_task_bw_constrained(p))
tick_nohz_dep_set_cpu(cpu, TICK_DEP_BIT_SCHED);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL */
#else /* !CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH: */
static void account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec) {}
static bool check_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) { return false ; }
static void check_enqueue_throttle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
static inline void sync_throttle(struct task_group *tg, int cpu) {}
static __always_inline void return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
static inline int cfs_rq_throttled(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return 0 ;
}
static inline int throttled_hierarchy(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return 0 ;
}
static inline int throttled_lb_pair(struct task_group *tg,
int src_cpu, int dest_cpu)
{
return 0 ;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
void init_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, struct cfs_bandwidth *parent) {}
static void init_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
#endif
static inline struct cfs_bandwidth *tg_cfs_bandwidth(struct task_group *tg)
{
return NULL;
}
static inline void destroy_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b) {}
static inline void update_runtime_enabled(struct rq *rq) {}
static inline void unthrottle_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq) {}
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_SCHED
bool cfs_task_bw_constrained(struct task_struct *p)
{
return false ;
}
#endif
#endif /* !CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH */
#if !defined (CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH) || !defined (CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)
static inline void sched_fair_update_stop_tick(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p) {}
#endif
/**************************************************
* CFS operations on tasks :
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK
static void hrtick_start_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
WARN_ON_ONCE(task_rq(p) != rq);
if (rq->cfs.h_nr_queued > 1 ) {
u64 ran = se->sum_exec_runtime - se->prev_sum_exec_runtime;
u64 slice = se->slice;
s64 delta = slice - ran;
if (delta < 0 ) {
if (task_current_donor(rq, p))
resched_curr(rq);
return ;
}
hrtick_start(rq, delta);
}
}
/*
* called from enqueue / dequeue and updates the hrtick when the
* current task is from our class and nr_running is low enough
* to matter .
*/
static void hrtick_update(struct rq *rq)
{
struct task_struct *donor = rq->donor;
if (!hrtick_enabled_fair(rq) || donor->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
return ;
hrtick_start_fair(rq, donor);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK: */
static inline void
hrtick_start_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
}
static inline void hrtick_update(struct rq *rq)
{
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK */
static inline bool cpu_overutilized(int cpu)
{
unsigned long rq_util_min, rq_util_max;
if (!sched_energy_enabled())
return false ;
rq_util_min = uclamp_rq_get(cpu_rq(cpu), UCLAMP_MIN);
rq_util_max = uclamp_rq_get(cpu_rq(cpu), UCLAMP_MAX);
/* Return true only if the utilization doesn't fit CPU's capacity */
return !util_fits_cpu(cpu_util_cfs(cpu), rq_util_min, rq_util_max, cpu);
}
/*
* overutilized value make sense only if EAS is enabled
*/
static inline bool is_rd_overutilized(struct root_domain *rd)
{
return !sched_energy_enabled() || READ_ONCE(rd->overutilized);
}
static inline void set_rd_overutilized(struct root_domain *rd, bool flag)
{
if (!sched_energy_enabled())
return ;
WRITE_ONCE(rd->overutilized, flag);
trace_sched_overutilized_tp(rd, flag);
}
static inline void check_update_overutilized_status(struct rq *rq)
{
/*
* overutilized field is used for load balancing decisions only
* if energy aware scheduler is being used
*/
if (!is_rd_overutilized(rq->rd) && cpu_overutilized(rq->cpu))
set_rd_overutilized(rq->rd, 1 );
}
/* Runqueue only has SCHED_IDLE tasks enqueued */
static int sched_idle_rq(struct rq *rq)
{
return unlikely(rq->nr_running == rq->cfs.h_nr_idle &&
rq->nr_running);
}
static int sched_idle_cpu(int cpu)
{
return sched_idle_rq(cpu_rq(cpu));
}
static void
requeue_delayed_entity(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
/*
* se - > sched_delayed should imply : se - > on_rq = = 1 .
* Because a delayed entity is one that is still on
* the runqueue competing until elegibility .
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(!se->sched_delayed);
WARN_ON_ONCE(!se->on_rq);
if (sched_feat(DELAY_ZERO)) {
update_entity_lag(cfs_rq, se);
if (se->vlag > 0 ) {
cfs_rq->nr_queued--;
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
__dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
se->vlag = 0 ;
place_entity(cfs_rq, se, 0 );
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
__enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
cfs_rq->nr_queued++;
}
}
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, 0 );
clear_delayed(se);
}
/*
* The enqueue_task method is called before nr_running is
* increased . Here we update the fair scheduling stats and
* then put the task into the rbtree :
*/
static void
enqueue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
int h_nr_idle = task_has_idle_policy(p);
int h_nr_runnable = 1 ;
int task_new = !(flags & ENQUEUE_WAKEUP);
int rq_h_nr_queued = rq->cfs.h_nr_queued;
u64 slice = 0 ;
/*
* The code below ( indirectly ) updates schedutil which looks at
* the cfs_rq utilization to select a frequency .
* Let ' s add the task ' s estimated utilization to the cfs_rq ' s
* estimated utilization , before we update schedutil .
*/
if (!p->se.sched_delayed || (flags & ENQUEUE_DELAYED))
util_est_enqueue(&rq->cfs, p);
if (flags & ENQUEUE_DELAYED) {
requeue_delayed_entity(se);
return ;
}
/*
* If in_iowait is set , the code below may not trigger any cpufreq
* utilization updates , so do it here explicitly with the IOWAIT flag
* passed .
*/
if (p->in_iowait)
cpufreq_update_util(rq, SCHED_CPUFREQ_IOWAIT);
if (task_new && se->sched_delayed)
h_nr_runnable = 0 ;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
if (se->on_rq) {
if (se->sched_delayed)
requeue_delayed_entity(se);
break ;
}
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
/*
* Basically set the slice of group entries to the min_slice of
* their respective cfs_rq . This ensures the group can service
* its entities in the desired time - frame .
*/
if (slice) {
se->slice = slice;
se->custom_slice = 1 ;
}
enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable += h_nr_runnable;
cfs_rq->h_nr_queued++;
cfs_rq->h_nr_idle += h_nr_idle;
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
h_nr_idle = 1 ;
/* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
goto enqueue_throttle;
flags = ENQUEUE_WAKEUP;
}
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_cfs_group(se);
se->slice = slice;
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
min_vruntime_cb_propagate(&se->run_node, NULL);
slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable += h_nr_runnable;
cfs_rq->h_nr_queued++;
cfs_rq->h_nr_idle += h_nr_idle;
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
h_nr_idle = 1 ;
/* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
goto enqueue_throttle;
}
if (!rq_h_nr_queued && rq->cfs.h_nr_queued) {
/* Account for idle runtime */
if (!rq->nr_running)
dl_server_update_idle_time(rq, rq->curr);
dl_server_start(&rq->fair_server);
}
/* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
add_nr_running(rq, 1 );
/*
* Since new tasks are assigned an initial util_avg equal to
* half of the spare capacity of their CPU , tiny tasks have the
* ability to cross the overutilized threshold , which will
* result in the load balancer ruining all the task placement
* done by EAS . As a way to mitigate that effect , do not account
* for the first enqueue operation of new tasks during the
* overutilized flag detection .
*
* A better way of solving this problem would be to wait for
* the PELT signals of tasks to converge before taking them
* into account , but that is not straightforward to implement ,
* and the following generally works well enough in practice .
*/
if (!task_new)
check_update_overutilized_status(rq);
enqueue_throttle:
assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(rq);
hrtick_update(rq);
}
static void set_next_buddy(struct sched_entity *se);
/*
* Basically dequeue_task_fair ( ) , except it can deal with dequeue_entity ( )
* failing half - way through and resume the dequeue later .
*
* Returns :
* - 1 - dequeue delayed
* 0 - dequeue throttled
* 1 - dequeue complete
*/
static int dequeue_entities(struct rq *rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
{
bool was_sched_idle = sched_idle_rq(rq);
bool task_sleep = flags & DEQUEUE_SLEEP;
bool task_delayed = flags & DEQUEUE_DELAYED;
struct task_struct *p = NULL;
int h_nr_idle = 0 ;
int h_nr_queued = 0 ;
int h_nr_runnable = 0 ;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
u64 slice = 0 ;
int ret = 0 ;
if (entity_is_task(se)) {
p = task_of(se);
h_nr_queued = 1 ;
h_nr_idle = task_has_idle_policy(p);
if (task_sleep || task_delayed || !se->sched_delayed)
h_nr_runnable = 1 ;
}
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
if (!dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags)) {
if (p && &p->se == se)
return -1 ;
slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
break ;
}
cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable -= h_nr_runnable;
cfs_rq->h_nr_queued -= h_nr_queued;
cfs_rq->h_nr_idle -= h_nr_idle;
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
h_nr_idle = h_nr_queued;
/* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
goto out;
/* Don't dequeue parent if it has other entities besides us */
if (cfs_rq->load.weight) {
slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
/* Avoid re-evaluating load for this entity: */
se = parent_entity(se);
/*
* Bias pick_next to pick a task from this cfs_rq , as
* p is sleeping when it is within its sched_slice .
*/
if (task_sleep && se && !throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq))
set_next_buddy(se);
break ;
}
flags |= DEQUEUE_SLEEP;
flags &= ~(DEQUEUE_DELAYED | DEQUEUE_SPECIAL);
}
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_cfs_group(se);
se->slice = slice;
if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
min_vruntime_cb_propagate(&se->run_node, NULL);
slice = cfs_rq_min_slice(cfs_rq);
cfs_rq->h_nr_runnable -= h_nr_runnable;
cfs_rq->h_nr_queued -= h_nr_queued;
cfs_rq->h_nr_idle -= h_nr_idle;
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
h_nr_idle = h_nr_queued;
/* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
goto out;
}
sub_nr_running(rq, h_nr_queued);
/* balance early to pull high priority tasks */
if (unlikely(!was_sched_idle && sched_idle_rq(rq)))
rq->next_balance = jiffies;
ret = 1 ;
out:
if (p && task_delayed) {
WARN_ON_ONCE(!task_sleep);
WARN_ON_ONCE(p->on_rq != 1 );
/* Fix-up what dequeue_task_fair() skipped */
hrtick_update(rq);
/*
* Fix - up what block_task ( ) skipped .
*
* Must be last , @ p might not be valid after this .
*/
__block_task(rq, p);
}
return ret;
}
/*
* The dequeue_task method is called before nr_running is
* decreased . We remove the task from the rbtree and
* update the fair scheduling stats :
*/
static bool dequeue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
{
if (!p->se.sched_delayed)
util_est_dequeue(&rq->cfs, p);
util_est_update(&rq->cfs, p, flags & DEQUEUE_SLEEP);
if (dequeue_entities(rq, &p->se, flags) < 0 )
return false ;
/*
* Must not reference @ p after dequeue_entities ( DEQUEUE_DELAYED ) .
*/
hrtick_update(rq);
return true ;
}
static inline unsigned int cfs_h_nr_delayed(struct rq *rq)
{
return (rq->cfs.h_nr_queued - rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable);
}
/* Working cpumask for: sched_balance_rq(), sched_balance_newidle(). */
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, load_balance_mask);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, select_rq_mask);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, should_we_balance_tmpmask);
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
static struct {
cpumask_var_t idle_cpus_mask;
atomic_t nr_cpus;
int has_blocked; /* Idle CPUS has blocked load */
int needs_update; /* Newly idle CPUs need their next_balance collated */
unsigned long next_balance; /* in jiffy units */
unsigned long next_blocked; /* Next update of blocked load in jiffies */
} nohz ____cacheline_aligned;
#endif /* CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
static unsigned long cpu_load(struct rq *rq)
{
return cfs_rq_load_avg(&rq->cfs);
}
/*
* cpu_load_without - compute CPU load without any contributions from * p
* @ cpu : the CPU which load is requested
* @ p : the task which load should be discounted
*
* The load of a CPU is defined by the load of tasks currently enqueued on that
* CPU as well as tasks which are currently sleeping after an execution on that
* CPU .
*
* This method returns the load of the specified CPU by discounting the load of
* the specified task , whenever the task is currently contributing to the CPU
* load .
*/
static unsigned long cpu_load_without(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
unsigned int load;
/* Task has no contribution or is new */
if (cpu_of(rq) != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
return cpu_load(rq);
cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
load = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.load_avg);
/* Discount task's util from CPU's util */
lsub_positive(&load, task_h_load(p));
return load;
}
static unsigned long cpu_runnable(struct rq *rq)
{
return cfs_rq_runnable_avg(&rq->cfs);
}
static unsigned long cpu_runnable_without(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
unsigned int runnable;
/* Task has no contribution or is new */
if (cpu_of(rq) != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
return cpu_runnable(rq);
cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
runnable = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg);
/* Discount task's runnable from CPU's runnable */
lsub_positive(&runnable, p->se.avg.runnable_avg);
return runnable;
}
static unsigned long capacity_of(int cpu)
{
return cpu_rq(cpu)->cpu_capacity;
}
static void record_wakee(struct task_struct *p)
{
/*
* Only decay a single time ; tasks that have less then 1 wakeup per
* jiffy will not have built up many flips .
*/
if (time_after(jiffies, current->wakee_flip_decay_ts + HZ)) {
current->wakee_flips >>= 1 ;
current->wakee_flip_decay_ts = jiffies;
}
if (current->last_wakee != p) {
current->last_wakee = p;
current->wakee_flips++;
}
}
/*
* Detect M : N waker / wakee relationships via a switching - frequency heuristic .
*
* A waker of many should wake a different task than the one last awakened
* at a frequency roughly N times higher than one of its wakees .
*
* In order to determine whether we should let the load spread vs consolidating
* to shared cache , we look for a minimum ' flip ' frequency of llc_size in one
* partner , and a factor of lls_size higher frequency in the other .
*
* With both conditions met , we can be relatively sure that the relationship is
* non - monogamous , with partner count exceeding socket size .
*
* Waker / wakee being client / server , worker / dispatcher , interrupt source or
* whatever is irrelevant , spread criteria is apparent partner count exceeds
* socket size .
*/
static int wake_wide(struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned int master = current->wakee_flips;
unsigned int slave = p->wakee_flips;
int factor = __this_cpu_read(sd_llc_size);
if (master < slave)
swap(master, slave);
if (slave < factor || master < slave * factor)
return 0 ;
return 1 ;
}
/*
* The purpose of wake_affine ( ) is to quickly determine on which CPU we can run
* soonest . For the purpose of speed we only consider the waking and previous
* CPU .
*
* wake_affine_idle ( ) - only considers ' now ' , it check if the waking CPU is
* cache - affine and is ( or will be ) idle .
*
* wake_affine_weight ( ) - considers the weight to reflect the average
* scheduling latency of the CPUs . This seems to work
* for the overloaded case .
*/
static int
wake_affine_idle(int this_cpu, int prev_cpu, int sync)
{
/*
* If this_cpu is idle , it implies the wakeup is from interrupt
* context . Only allow the move if cache is shared . Otherwise an
* interrupt intensive workload could force all tasks onto one
* node depending on the IO topology or IRQ affinity settings .
*
* If the prev_cpu is idle and cache affine then avoid a migration .
* There is no guarantee that the cache hot data from an interrupt
* is more important than cache hot data on the prev_cpu and from
* a cpufreq perspective , it ' s better to have higher utilisation
* on one CPU .
*/
if (available_idle_cpu(this_cpu) && cpus_share_cache(this_cpu, prev_cpu))
return available_idle_cpu(prev_cpu) ? prev_cpu : this_cpu;
if (sync) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(this_cpu);
if ((rq->nr_running - cfs_h_nr_delayed(rq)) == 1 )
return this_cpu;
}
if (available_idle_cpu(prev_cpu))
return prev_cpu;
return nr_cpumask_bits;
}
static int
wake_affine_weight(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p,
int this_cpu, int prev_cpu, int sync)
{
s64 this_eff_load, prev_eff_load;
unsigned long task_load;
this_eff_load = cpu_load(cpu_rq(this_cpu));
if (sync) {
unsigned long current_load = task_h_load(current);
if (current_load > this_eff_load)
return this_cpu;
this_eff_load -= current_load;
}
task_load = task_h_load(p);
this_eff_load += task_load;
if (sched_feat(WA_BIAS))
this_eff_load *= 100 ;
this_eff_load *= capacity_of(prev_cpu);
prev_eff_load = cpu_load(cpu_rq(prev_cpu));
prev_eff_load -= task_load;
if (sched_feat(WA_BIAS))
prev_eff_load *= 100 + (sd->imbalance_pct - 100 ) / 2 ;
prev_eff_load *= capacity_of(this_cpu);
/*
* If sync , adjust the weight of prev_eff_load such that if
* prev_eff = = this_eff that select_idle_sibling ( ) will consider
* stacking the wakee on top of the waker if no other CPU is
* idle .
*/
if (sync)
prev_eff_load += 1 ;
return this_eff_load < prev_eff_load ? this_cpu : nr_cpumask_bits;
}
static int wake_affine(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p,
int this_cpu, int prev_cpu, int sync)
{
int target = nr_cpumask_bits;
if (sched_feat(WA_IDLE))
target = wake_affine_idle(this_cpu, prev_cpu, sync);
if (sched_feat(WA_WEIGHT) && target == nr_cpumask_bits)
target = wake_affine_weight(sd, p, this_cpu, prev_cpu, sync);
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_wakeups_affine_attempts);
if (target != this_cpu)
return prev_cpu;
schedstat_inc(sd->ttwu_move_affine);
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_wakeups_affine);
return target;
}
static struct sched_group *
sched_balance_find_dst_group(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu);
/*
* sched_balance_find_dst_group_cpu - find the idlest CPU among the CPUs in the group .
*/
static int
sched_balance_find_dst_group_cpu(struct sched_group *group, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu)
{
unsigned long load, min_load = ULONG_MAX;
unsigned int min_exit_latency = UINT_MAX;
u64 latest_idle_timestamp = 0 ;
int least_loaded_cpu = this_cpu;
int shallowest_idle_cpu = -1 ;
int i;
/* Check if we have any choice: */
if (group->group_weight == 1 )
return cpumask_first(sched_group_span(group));
/* Traverse only the allowed CPUs */
for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_group_span(group), p->cpus_ptr) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
if (!sched_core_cookie_match(rq, p))
continue ;
if (sched_idle_cpu(i))
return i;
if (available_idle_cpu(i)) {
struct cpuidle_state *idle = idle_get_state(rq);
if (idle && idle->exit_latency < min_exit_latency) {
/*
* We give priority to a CPU whose idle state
* has the smallest exit latency irrespective
* of any idle timestamp .
*/
min_exit_latency = idle->exit_latency;
latest_idle_timestamp = rq->idle_stamp;
shallowest_idle_cpu = i;
} else if ((!idle || idle->exit_latency == min_exit_latency) &&
rq->idle_stamp > latest_idle_timestamp) {
/*
* If equal or no active idle state , then
* the most recently idled CPU might have
* a warmer cache .
*/
latest_idle_timestamp = rq->idle_stamp;
shallowest_idle_cpu = i;
}
} else if (shallowest_idle_cpu == -1 ) {
load = cpu_load(cpu_rq(i));
if (load < min_load) {
min_load = load;
least_loaded_cpu = i;
}
}
}
return shallowest_idle_cpu != -1 ? shallowest_idle_cpu : least_loaded_cpu;
}
static inline int sched_balance_find_dst_cpu(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p,
int cpu, int prev_cpu, int sd_flag)
{
int new_cpu = cpu;
if (!cpumask_intersects(sched_domain_span(sd), p->cpus_ptr))
return prev_cpu;
/*
* We need task ' s util for cpu_util_without , sync it up to
* prev_cpu ' s last_update_time .
*/
if (!(sd_flag & SD_BALANCE_FORK))
sync_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
while (sd) {
struct sched_group *group;
struct sched_domain *tmp;
int weight;
if (!(sd->flags & sd_flag)) {
sd = sd->child;
continue ;
}
group = sched_balance_find_dst_group(sd, p, cpu);
if (!group) {
sd = sd->child;
continue ;
}
new_cpu = sched_balance_find_dst_group_cpu(group, p, cpu);
if (new_cpu == cpu) {
/* Now try balancing at a lower domain level of 'cpu': */
sd = sd->child;
continue ;
}
/* Now try balancing at a lower domain level of 'new_cpu': */
cpu = new_cpu;
weight = sd->span_weight;
sd = NULL;
for_each_domain(cpu, tmp) {
if (weight <= tmp->span_weight)
break ;
if (tmp->flags & sd_flag)
sd = tmp;
}
}
return new_cpu;
}
static inline int __select_idle_cpu(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
if ((available_idle_cpu(cpu) || sched_idle_cpu(cpu)) &&
sched_cpu_cookie_match(cpu_rq(cpu), p))
return cpu;
return -1 ;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(sched_smt_present);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_smt_present);
static inline void set_idle_cores(int cpu, int val)
{
struct sched_domain_shared *sds;
sds = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, cpu));
if (sds)
WRITE_ONCE(sds->has_idle_cores, val);
}
static inline bool test_idle_cores(int cpu)
{
struct sched_domain_shared *sds;
sds = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, cpu));
if (sds)
return READ_ONCE(sds->has_idle_cores);
return false ;
}
/*
* Scans the local SMT mask to see if the entire core is idle , and records this
* information in sd_llc_shared - > has_idle_cores .
*
* Since SMT siblings share all cache levels , inspecting this limited remote
* state should be fairly cheap .
*/
void __update_idle_core(struct rq *rq)
{
int core = cpu_of(rq);
int cpu;
rcu_read_lock();
if (test_idle_cores(core))
goto unlock;
for_each_cpu(cpu, cpu_smt_mask(core)) {
if (cpu == core)
continue ;
if (!available_idle_cpu(cpu))
goto unlock;
}
set_idle_cores(core, 1 );
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
}
/*
* Scan the entire LLC domain for idle cores ; this dynamically switches off if
* there are no idle cores left in the system ; tracked through
* sd_llc - > shared - > has_idle_cores and enabled through update_idle_core ( ) above .
*/
static int select_idle_core(struct task_struct *p, int core, struct cpumask *cpus, int *idle_cpu)
{
bool idle = true ;
int cpu;
for_each_cpu(cpu, cpu_smt_mask(core)) {
if (!available_idle_cpu(cpu)) {
idle = false ;
if (*idle_cpu == -1 ) {
if (sched_idle_cpu(cpu) && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpus)) {
*idle_cpu = cpu;
break ;
}
continue ;
}
break ;
}
if (*idle_cpu == -1 && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpus))
*idle_cpu = cpu;
}
if (idle)
return core;
cpumask_andnot(cpus, cpus, cpu_smt_mask(core));
return -1 ;
}
/*
* Scan the local SMT mask for idle CPUs .
*/
static int select_idle_smt(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, int target)
{
int cpu;
for_each_cpu_and(cpu, cpu_smt_mask(target), p->cpus_ptr) {
if (cpu == target)
continue ;
/*
* Check if the CPU is in the LLC scheduling domain of @ target .
* Due to isolcpus , there is no guarantee that all the siblings are in the domain .
*/
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
continue ;
if (available_idle_cpu(cpu) || sched_idle_cpu(cpu))
return cpu;
}
return -1 ;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_SCHED_SMT: */
static inline void set_idle_cores(int cpu, int val)
{
}
static inline bool test_idle_cores(int cpu)
{
return false ;
}
static inline int select_idle_core(struct task_struct *p, int core, struct cpumask *cpus, int *idle_cpu)
{
return __select_idle_cpu(core, p);
}
static inline int select_idle_smt(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, int target)
{
return -1 ;
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_SCHED_SMT */
/*
* Scan the LLC domain for idle CPUs ; this is dynamically regulated by
* comparing the average scan cost ( tracked in sd - > avg_scan_cost ) against the
* average idle time for this rq ( as found in rq - > avg_idle ) .
*/
static int select_idle_cpu(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, bool has_idle_core, int target)
{
struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
int i, cpu, idle_cpu = -1 , nr = INT_MAX;
struct sched_domain_shared *sd_share;
cpumask_and(cpus, sched_domain_span(sd), p->cpus_ptr);
if (sched_feat(SIS_UTIL)) {
sd_share = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, target));
if (sd_share) {
/* because !--nr is the condition to stop scan */
nr = READ_ONCE(sd_share->nr_idle_scan) + 1 ;
/* overloaded LLC is unlikely to have idle cpu/core */
if (nr == 1 )
return -1 ;
}
}
if (static_branch_unlikely(&sched_cluster_active)) {
struct sched_group *sg = sd->groups;
if (sg->flags & SD_CLUSTER) {
for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, sched_group_span(sg), target + 1 ) {
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpus))
continue ;
if (has_idle_core) {
i = select_idle_core(p, cpu, cpus, &idle_cpu);
if ((unsigned int )i < nr_cpumask_bits)
return i;
} else {
if (--nr <= 0 )
return -1 ;
idle_cpu = __select_idle_cpu(cpu, p);
if ((unsigned int )idle_cpu < nr_cpumask_bits)
return idle_cpu;
}
}
cpumask_andnot(cpus, cpus, sched_group_span(sg));
}
}
for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, cpus, target + 1 ) {
if (has_idle_core) {
i = select_idle_core(p, cpu, cpus, &idle_cpu);
if ((unsigned int )i < nr_cpumask_bits)
return i;
} else {
if (--nr <= 0 )
return -1 ;
idle_cpu = __select_idle_cpu(cpu, p);
if ((unsigned int )idle_cpu < nr_cpumask_bits)
break ;
}
}
if (has_idle_core)
set_idle_cores(target, false );
return idle_cpu;
}
/*
* Scan the asym_capacity domain for idle CPUs ; pick the first idle one on which
* the task fits . If no CPU is big enough , but there are idle ones , try to
* maximize capacity .
*/
static int
select_idle_capacity(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, int target)
{
unsigned long task_util, util_min, util_max, best_cap = 0 ;
int fits, best_fits = 0 ;
int cpu, best_cpu = -1 ;
struct cpumask *cpus;
cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
cpumask_and(cpus, sched_domain_span(sd), p->cpus_ptr);
task_util = task_util_est(p);
util_min = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN);
util_max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, cpus, target) {
unsigned long cpu_cap = capacity_of(cpu);
if (!available_idle_cpu(cpu) && !sched_idle_cpu(cpu))
continue ;
fits = util_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, cpu);
/* This CPU fits with all requirements */
if (fits > 0 )
return cpu;
/*
* Only the min performance hint ( i . e . uclamp_min ) doesn ' t fit .
* Look for the CPU with best capacity .
*/
else if (fits < 0 )
cpu_cap = get_actual_cpu_capacity(cpu);
/*
* First , select CPU which fits better ( - 1 being better than 0 ) .
* Then , select the one with best capacity at same level .
*/
if ((fits < best_fits) ||
((fits == best_fits) && (cpu_cap > best_cap))) {
best_cap = cpu_cap;
best_cpu = cpu;
best_fits = fits;
}
}
return best_cpu;
}
static inline bool asym_fits_cpu(unsigned long util,
unsigned long util_min,
unsigned long util_max,
int cpu)
{
if (sched_asym_cpucap_active())
/*
* Return true only if the cpu fully fits the task requirements
* which include the utilization and the performance hints .
*/
return (util_fits_cpu(util, util_min, util_max, cpu) > 0 );
return true ;
}
/*
* Try and locate an idle core / thread in the LLC cache domain .
*/
static int select_idle_sibling(struct task_struct *p, int prev, int target)
{
bool has_idle_core = false ;
struct sched_domain *sd;
unsigned long task_util, util_min, util_max;
int i, recent_used_cpu, prev_aff = -1 ;
/*
* On asymmetric system , update task utilization because we will check
* that the task fits with CPU ' s capacity .
*/
if (sched_asym_cpucap_active()) {
sync_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
task_util = task_util_est(p);
util_min = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN);
util_max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
}
/*
* per - cpu select_rq_mask usage
*/
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
if ((available_idle_cpu(target) || sched_idle_cpu(target)) &&
asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, target))
return target;
/*
* If the previous CPU is cache affine and idle , don ' t be stupid :
*/
if (prev != target && cpus_share_cache(prev, target) &&
(available_idle_cpu(prev) || sched_idle_cpu(prev)) &&
asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, prev)) {
if (!static_branch_unlikely(&sched_cluster_active) ||
cpus_share_resources(prev, target))
return prev;
prev_aff = prev;
}
/*
* Allow a per - cpu kthread to stack with the wakee if the
* kworker thread and the tasks previous CPUs are the same .
* The assumption is that the wakee queued work for the
* per - cpu kthread that is now complete and the wakeup is
* essentially a sync wakeup . An obvious example of this
* pattern is IO completions .
*/
if (is_per_cpu_kthread(current) &&
in_task() &&
prev == smp_processor_id() &&
this_rq()->nr_running <= 1 &&
asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, prev)) {
return prev;
}
/* Check a recently used CPU as a potential idle candidate: */
recent_used_cpu = p->recent_used_cpu;
p->recent_used_cpu = prev;
if (recent_used_cpu != prev &&
recent_used_cpu != target &&
cpus_share_cache(recent_used_cpu, target) &&
(available_idle_cpu(recent_used_cpu) || sched_idle_cpu(recent_used_cpu)) &&
cpumask_test_cpu(recent_used_cpu, p->cpus_ptr) &&
asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, recent_used_cpu)) {
if (!static_branch_unlikely(&sched_cluster_active) ||
cpus_share_resources(recent_used_cpu, target))
return recent_used_cpu;
} else {
recent_used_cpu = -1 ;
}
/*
* For asymmetric CPU capacity systems , our domain of interest is
* sd_asym_cpucapacity rather than sd_llc .
*/
if (sched_asym_cpucap_active()) {
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_asym_cpucapacity, target));
/*
* On an asymmetric CPU capacity system where an exclusive
* cpuset defines a symmetric island ( i . e . one unique
* capacity_orig value through the cpuset ) , the key will be set
* but the CPUs within that cpuset will not have a domain with
* SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY . These should follow the usual symmetric
* capacity path .
*/
if (sd) {
i = select_idle_capacity(p, sd, target);
return ((unsigned )i < nr_cpumask_bits) ? i : target;
}
}
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc, target));
if (!sd)
return target;
if (sched_smt_active()) {
has_idle_core = test_idle_cores(target);
if (!has_idle_core && cpus_share_cache(prev, target)) {
i = select_idle_smt(p, sd, prev);
if ((unsigned int )i < nr_cpumask_bits)
return i;
}
}
i = select_idle_cpu(p, sd, has_idle_core, target);
if ((unsigned )i < nr_cpumask_bits)
return i;
/*
* For cluster machines which have lower sharing cache like L2 or
* LLC Tag , we tend to find an idle CPU in the target ' s cluster
* first . But prev_cpu or recent_used_cpu may also be a good candidate ,
* use them if possible when no idle CPU found in select_idle_cpu ( ) .
*/
if ((unsigned int )prev_aff < nr_cpumask_bits)
return prev_aff;
if ((unsigned int )recent_used_cpu < nr_cpumask_bits)
return recent_used_cpu;
return target;
}
/**
* cpu_util ( ) - Estimates the amount of CPU capacity used by CFS tasks .
* @ cpu : the CPU to get the utilization for
* @ p : task for which the CPU utilization should be predicted or NULL
* @ dst_cpu : CPU @ p migrates to , - 1 if @ p moves from @ cpu or @ p = = NULL
* @ boost : 1 to enable boosting , otherwise 0
*
* The unit of the return value must be the same as the one of CPU capacity
* so that CPU utilization can be compared with CPU capacity .
*
* CPU utilization is the sum of running time of runnable tasks plus the
* recent utilization of currently non - runnable tasks on that CPU .
* It represents the amount of CPU capacity currently used by CFS tasks in
* the range [ 0 . . max CPU capacity ] with max CPU capacity being the CPU
* capacity at f_max .
*
* The estimated CPU utilization is defined as the maximum between CPU
* utilization and sum of the estimated utilization of the currently
* runnable tasks on that CPU . It preserves a utilization " snapshot " of
* previously - executed tasks , which helps better deduce how busy a CPU will
* be when a long - sleeping task wakes up . The contribution to CPU utilization
* of such a task would be significantly decayed at this point of time .
*
* Boosted CPU utilization is defined as max ( CPU runnable , CPU utilization ) .
* CPU contention for CFS tasks can be detected by CPU runnable > CPU
* utilization . Boosting is implemented in cpu_util ( ) so that internal
* users ( e . g . EAS ) can use it next to external users ( e . g . schedutil ) ,
* latter via cpu_util_cfs_boost ( ) .
*
* CPU utilization can be higher than the current CPU capacity
* ( f_curr / f_max * max CPU capacity ) or even the max CPU capacity because
* of rounding errors as well as task migrations or wakeups of new tasks .
* CPU utilization has to be capped to fit into the [ 0 . . max CPU capacity ]
* range . Otherwise a group of CPUs ( CPU0 util = 121 % + CPU1 util = 80 % )
* could be seen as over - utilized even though CPU1 has 20 % of spare CPU
* capacity . CPU utilization is allowed to overshoot current CPU capacity
* though since this is useful for predicting the CPU capacity required
* after task migrations ( scheduler - driven DVFS ) .
*
* Return : ( Boosted ) ( estimated ) utilization for the specified CPU .
*/
static unsigned long
cpu_util(int cpu, struct task_struct *p, int dst_cpu, int boost)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = &cpu_rq(cpu)->cfs;
unsigned long util = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_avg);
unsigned long runnable;
if (boost) {
runnable = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg);
util = max(util, runnable);
}
/*
* If @ dst_cpu is - 1 or @ p migrates from @ cpu to @ dst_cpu remove its
* contribution . If @ p migrates from another CPU to @ cpu add its
* contribution . In all the other cases @ cpu is not impacted by the
* migration so its util_avg is already correct .
*/
if (p && task_cpu(p) == cpu && dst_cpu != cpu)
lsub_positive(&util, task_util(p));
else if (p && task_cpu(p) != cpu && dst_cpu == cpu)
util += task_util(p);
if (sched_feat(UTIL_EST)) {
unsigned long util_est;
util_est = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_est);
/*
* During wake - up @ p isn ' t enqueued yet and doesn ' t contribute
* to any cpu_rq ( cpu ) - > cfs . avg . util_est .
* If @ dst_cpu = = @ cpu add it to " simulate " cpu_util after @ p
* has been enqueued .
*
* During exec ( @ dst_cpu = - 1 ) @ p is enqueued and does
* contribute to cpu_rq ( cpu ) - > cfs . util_est .
* Remove it to " simulate " cpu_util without @ p ' s contribution .
*
* Despite the task_on_rq_queued ( @ p ) check there is still a
* small window for a possible race when an exec
* select_task_rq_fair ( ) races with LB ' s detach_task ( ) .
*
* detach_task ( )
* deactivate_task ( )
* p - > on_rq = TASK_ON_RQ_MIGRATING ;
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A
* dequeue_task ( ) \
* dequeue_task_fair ( ) + Race Time
* util_est_dequeue ( ) /
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B
*
* The additional check " current = = p " is required to further
* reduce the race window .
*/
if (dst_cpu == cpu)
util_est += _task_util_est(p);
else if (p && unlikely(task_on_rq_queued(p) || current == p))
lsub_positive(&util_est, _task_util_est(p));
util = max(util, util_est);
}
return min(util, arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu));
}
unsigned long cpu_util_cfs(int cpu)
{
return cpu_util(cpu, NULL, -1 , 0 );
}
unsigned long cpu_util_cfs_boost(int cpu)
{
return cpu_util(cpu, NULL, -1 , 1 );
}
/*
* cpu_util_without : compute cpu utilization without any contributions from * p
* @ cpu : the CPU which utilization is requested
* @ p : the task which utilization should be discounted
*
* The utilization of a CPU is defined by the utilization of tasks currently
* enqueued on that CPU as well as tasks which are currently sleeping after an
* execution on that CPU .
*
* This method returns the utilization of the specified CPU by discounting the
* utilization of the specified task , whenever the task is currently
* contributing to the CPU utilization .
*/
static unsigned long cpu_util_without(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
/* Task has no contribution or is new */
if (cpu != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
p = NULL;
return cpu_util(cpu, p, -1 , 0 );
}
/*
* This function computes an effective utilization for the given CPU , to be
* used for frequency selection given the linear relation : f = u * f_max .
*
* The scheduler tracks the following metrics :
*
* cpu_util_ { cfs , rt , dl , irq } ( )
* cpu_bw_dl ( )
*
* Where the cfs , rt and dl util numbers are tracked with the same metric and
* synchronized windows and are thus directly comparable .
*
* The cfs , rt , dl utilization are the running times measured with rq - > clock_task
* which excludes things like IRQ and steal - time . These latter are then accrued
* in the IRQ utilization .
*
* The DL bandwidth number OTOH is not a measured metric but a value computed
* based on the task model parameters and gives the minimal utilization
* required to meet deadlines .
*/
unsigned long effective_cpu_util(int cpu, unsigned long util_cfs,
unsigned long *min,
unsigned long *max)
{
unsigned long util, irq, scale;
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
scale = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu);
/*
* Early check to see if IRQ / steal time saturates the CPU , can be
* because of inaccuracies in how we track these - - see
* update_irq_load_avg ( ) .
*/
irq = cpu_util_irq(rq);
if (unlikely(irq >= scale)) {
if (min)
*min = scale;
if (max)
*max = scale;
return scale;
}
if (min) {
/*
* The minimum utilization returns the highest level between :
* - the computed DL bandwidth needed with the IRQ pressure which
* steals time to the deadline task .
* - The minimum performance requirement for CFS and / or RT .
*/
*min = max(irq + cpu_bw_dl(rq), uclamp_rq_get(rq, UCLAMP_MIN));
/*
* When an RT task is runnable and uclamp is not used , we must
* ensure that the task will run at maximum compute capacity .
*/
if (!uclamp_is_used() && rt_rq_is_runnable(&rq->rt))
*min = max(*min, scale);
}
/*
* Because the time spend on RT / DL tasks is visible as ' lost ' time to
* CFS tasks and we use the same metric to track the effective
* utilization ( PELT windows are synchronized ) we can directly add them
* to obtain the CPU ' s actual utilization .
*/
util = util_cfs + cpu_util_rt(rq);
util += cpu_util_dl(rq);
/*
* The maximum hint is a soft bandwidth requirement , which can be lower
* than the actual utilization because of uclamp_max requirements .
*/
if (max)
*max = min(scale, uclamp_rq_get(rq, UCLAMP_MAX));
if (util >= scale)
return scale;
/*
* There is still idle time ; further improve the number by using the
* IRQ metric . Because IRQ / steal time is hidden from the task clock we
* need to scale the task numbers :
*
* max - irq
* U ' = irq + - - - - - - - - - * U
* max
*/
util = scale_irq_capacity(util, irq, scale);
util += irq;
return min(scale, util);
}
unsigned long sched_cpu_util(int cpu)
{
return effective_cpu_util(cpu, cpu_util_cfs(cpu), NULL, NULL);
}
/*
* energy_env - Utilization landscape for energy estimation .
* @ task_busy_time : Utilization contribution by the task for which we test the
* placement . Given by eenv_task_busy_time ( ) .
* @ pd_busy_time : Utilization of the whole perf domain without the task
* contribution . Given by eenv_pd_busy_time ( ) .
* @ cpu_cap : Maximum CPU capacity for the perf domain .
* @ pd_cap : Entire perf domain capacity . ( pd - > nr_cpus * cpu_cap ) .
*/
struct energy_env {
unsigned long task_busy_time;
unsigned long pd_busy_time;
unsigned long cpu_cap;
unsigned long pd_cap;
};
/*
* Compute the task busy time for compute_energy ( ) . This time cannot be
* injected directly into effective_cpu_util ( ) because of the IRQ scaling .
* The latter only makes sense with the most recent CPUs where the task has
* run .
*/
static inline void eenv_task_busy_time(struct energy_env *eenv,
struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu)
{
unsigned long busy_time, max_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(prev_cpu);
unsigned long irq = cpu_util_irq(cpu_rq(prev_cpu));
if (unlikely(irq >= max_cap))
busy_time = max_cap;
else
busy_time = scale_irq_capacity(task_util_est(p), irq, max_cap);
eenv->task_busy_time = busy_time;
}
/*
* Compute the perf_domain ( PD ) busy time for compute_energy ( ) . Based on the
* utilization for each @ pd_cpus , it however doesn ' t take into account
* clamping since the ratio ( utilization / cpu_capacity ) is already enough to
* scale the EM reported power consumption at the ( eventually clamped )
* cpu_capacity .
*
* The contribution of the task @ p for which we want to estimate the
* energy cost is removed ( by cpu_util ( ) ) and must be calculated
* separately ( see eenv_task_busy_time ) . This ensures :
*
* - A stable PD utilization , no matter which CPU of that PD we want to place
* the task on .
*
* - A fair comparison between CPUs as the task contribution ( task_util ( ) )
* will always be the same no matter which CPU utilization we rely on
* ( util_avg or util_est ) .
*
* Set @ eenv busy time for the PD that spans @ pd_cpus . This busy time can ' t
* exceed @ eenv - > pd_cap .
*/
static inline void eenv_pd_busy_time(struct energy_env *eenv,
struct cpumask *pd_cpus,
struct task_struct *p)
{
unsigned long busy_time = 0 ;
int cpu;
for_each_cpu(cpu, pd_cpus) {
unsigned long util = cpu_util(cpu, p, -1 , 0 );
busy_time += effective_cpu_util(cpu, util, NULL, NULL);
}
eenv->pd_busy_time = min(eenv->pd_cap, busy_time);
}
/*
* Compute the maximum utilization for compute_energy ( ) when the task @ p
* is placed on the cpu @ dst_cpu .
*
* Returns the maximum utilization among @ eenv - > cpus . This utilization can ' t
* exceed @ eenv - > cpu_cap .
*/
static inline unsigned long
eenv_pd_max_util(struct energy_env *eenv, struct cpumask *pd_cpus,
struct task_struct *p, int dst_cpu)
{
unsigned long max_util = 0 ;
int cpu;
for_each_cpu(cpu, pd_cpus) {
struct task_struct *tsk = (cpu == dst_cpu) ? p : NULL;
unsigned long util = cpu_util(cpu, p, dst_cpu, 1 );
unsigned long eff_util, min, max;
/*
* Performance domain frequency : utilization clamping
* must be considered since it affects the selection
* of the performance domain frequency .
* NOTE : in case RT tasks are running , by default the min
* utilization can be max OPP .
*/
eff_util = effective_cpu_util(cpu, util, &min, &max);
/* Task's uclamp can modify min and max value */
if (tsk && uclamp_is_used()) {
min = max(min, uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN));
/*
* If there is no active max uclamp constraint ,
* directly use task ' s one , otherwise keep max .
*/
if (uclamp_rq_is_idle(cpu_rq(cpu)))
max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
else
max = max(max, uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX));
}
eff_util = sugov_effective_cpu_perf(cpu, eff_util, min, max);
max_util = max(max_util, eff_util);
}
return min(max_util, eenv->cpu_cap);
}
/*
* compute_energy ( ) : Use the Energy Model to estimate the energy that @ pd would
* consume for a given utilization landscape @ eenv . When @ dst_cpu < 0 , the task
* contribution is ignored .
*/
static inline unsigned long
compute_energy(struct energy_env *eenv, struct perf_domain *pd,
struct cpumask *pd_cpus, struct task_struct *p, int dst_cpu)
{
unsigned long max_util = eenv_pd_max_util(eenv, pd_cpus, p, dst_cpu);
unsigned long busy_time = eenv->pd_busy_time;
unsigned long energy;
if (dst_cpu >= 0 )
busy_time = min(eenv->pd_cap, busy_time + eenv->task_busy_time);
energy = em_cpu_energy(pd->em_pd, max_util, busy_time, eenv->cpu_cap);
trace_sched_compute_energy_tp(p, dst_cpu, energy, max_util, busy_time);
return energy;
}
/*
* find_energy_efficient_cpu ( ) : Find most energy - efficient target CPU for the
* waking task . find_energy_efficient_cpu ( ) looks for the CPU with maximum
* spare capacity in each performance domain and uses it as a potential
* candidate to execute the task . Then , it uses the Energy Model to figure
* out which of the CPU candidates is the most energy - efficient .
*
* The rationale for this heuristic is as follows . In a performance domain ,
* all the most energy efficient CPU candidates ( according to the Energy
* Model ) are those for which we ' ll request a low frequency . When there are
* several CPUs for which the frequency request will be the same , we don ' t
* have enough data to break the tie between them , because the Energy Model
* only includes active power costs . With this model , if we assume that
* frequency requests follow utilization ( e . g . using schedutil ) , the CPU with
* the maximum spare capacity in a performance domain is guaranteed to be among
* the best candidates of the performance domain .
*
* In practice , it could be preferable from an energy standpoint to pack
* small tasks on a CPU in order to let other CPUs go in deeper idle states ,
* but that could also hurt our chances to go cluster idle , and we have no
* ways to tell with the current Energy Model if this is actually a good
* idea or not . So , find_energy_efficient_cpu ( ) basically favors
* cluster - packing , and spreading inside a cluster . That should at least be
* a good thing for latency , and this is consistent with the idea that most
* of the energy savings of EAS come from the asymmetry of the system , and
* not so much from breaking the tie between identical CPUs . That ' s also the
* reason why EAS is enabled in the topology code only for systems where
* SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY is set .
*
* NOTE : Forkees are not accepted in the energy - aware wake - up path because
* they don ' t have any useful utilization data yet and it ' s not possible to
* forecast their impact on energy consumption . Consequently , they will be
* placed by sched_balance_find_dst_cpu ( ) on the least loaded CPU , which might turn out
* to be energy - inefficient in some use - cases . The alternative would be to
* bias new tasks towards specific types of CPUs first , or to try to infer
* their util_avg from the parent task , but those heuristics could hurt
* other use - cases too . So , until someone finds a better way to solve this ,
* let ' s keep things simple by re - using the existing slow path .
*/
static int find_energy_efficient_cpu(struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu)
{
struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
unsigned long prev_delta = ULONG_MAX, best_delta = ULONG_MAX;
unsigned long p_util_min = uclamp_is_used() ? uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN) : 0 ;
unsigned long p_util_max = uclamp_is_used() ? uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX) : 1024 ;
struct root_domain *rd = this_rq()->rd;
int cpu, best_energy_cpu, target = -1 ;
int prev_fits = -1 , best_fits = -1 ;
unsigned long best_actual_cap = 0 ;
unsigned long prev_actual_cap = 0 ;
struct sched_domain *sd;
struct perf_domain *pd;
struct energy_env eenv;
rcu_read_lock();
pd = rcu_dereference(rd->pd);
if (!pd)
goto unlock;
/*
* Energy - aware wake - up happens on the lowest sched_domain starting
* from sd_asym_cpucapacity spanning over this_cpu and prev_cpu .
*/
sd = rcu_dereference(*this_cpu_ptr(&sd_asym_cpucapacity));
while (sd && !cpumask_test_cpu(prev_cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
sd = sd->parent;
if (!sd)
goto unlock;
target = prev_cpu;
sync_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
if (!task_util_est(p) && p_util_min == 0 )
goto unlock;
eenv_task_busy_time(&eenv, p, prev_cpu);
for (; pd; pd = pd->next) {
unsigned long util_min = p_util_min, util_max = p_util_max;
unsigned long cpu_cap, cpu_actual_cap, util;
long prev_spare_cap = -1 , max_spare_cap = -1 ;
unsigned long rq_util_min, rq_util_max;
unsigned long cur_delta, base_energy;
int max_spare_cap_cpu = -1 ;
int fits, max_fits = -1 ;
cpumask_and(cpus, perf_domain_span(pd), cpu_online_mask);
if (cpumask_empty(cpus))
continue ;
/* Account external pressure for the energy estimation */
cpu = cpumask_first(cpus);
cpu_actual_cap = get_actual_cpu_capacity(cpu);
eenv.cpu_cap = cpu_actual_cap;
eenv.pd_cap = 0 ;
for_each_cpu(cpu, cpus) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
eenv.pd_cap += cpu_actual_cap;
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
continue ;
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr))
continue ;
util = cpu_util(cpu, p, cpu, 0 );
cpu_cap = capacity_of(cpu);
/*
* Skip CPUs that cannot satisfy the capacity request .
* IOW , placing the task there would make the CPU
* overutilized . Take uclamp into account to see how
* much capacity we can get out of the CPU ; this is
* aligned with sched_cpu_util ( ) .
*/
if (uclamp_is_used() && !uclamp_rq_is_idle(rq)) {
/*
* Open code uclamp_rq_util_with ( ) except for
* the clamp ( ) part . I . e . : apply max aggregation
* only . util_fits_cpu ( ) logic requires to
* operate on non clamped util but must use the
* max - aggregated uclamp_ { min , max } .
*/
rq_util_min = uclamp_rq_get(rq, UCLAMP_MIN);
rq_util_max = uclamp_rq_get(rq, UCLAMP_MAX);
util_min = max(rq_util_min, p_util_min);
util_max = max(rq_util_max, p_util_max);
}
fits = util_fits_cpu(util, util_min, util_max, cpu);
if (!fits)
continue ;
lsub_positive(&cpu_cap, util);
if (cpu == prev_cpu) {
/* Always use prev_cpu as a candidate. */
prev_spare_cap = cpu_cap;
prev_fits = fits;
} else if ((fits > max_fits) ||
((fits == max_fits) && ((long )cpu_cap > max_spare_cap))) {
/*
* Find the CPU with the maximum spare capacity
* among the remaining CPUs in the performance
* domain .
*/
max_spare_cap = cpu_cap;
max_spare_cap_cpu = cpu;
max_fits = fits;
}
}
if (max_spare_cap_cpu < 0 && prev_spare_cap < 0 )
continue ;
eenv_pd_busy_time(&eenv, cpus, p);
/* Compute the 'base' energy of the pd, without @p */
base_energy = compute_energy(&eenv, pd, cpus, p, -1 );
/* Evaluate the energy impact of using prev_cpu. */
if (prev_spare_cap > -1 ) {
prev_delta = compute_energy(&eenv, pd, cpus, p,
prev_cpu);
/* CPU utilization has changed */
if (prev_delta < base_energy)
goto unlock;
prev_delta -= base_energy;
prev_actual_cap = cpu_actual_cap;
best_delta = min(best_delta, prev_delta);
}
/* Evaluate the energy impact of using max_spare_cap_cpu. */
if (max_spare_cap_cpu >= 0 && max_spare_cap > prev_spare_cap) {
/* Current best energy cpu fits better */
if (max_fits < best_fits)
continue ;
/*
* Both don ' t fit performance hint ( i . e . uclamp_min )
* but best energy cpu has better capacity .
*/
if ((max_fits < 0 ) &&
(cpu_actual_cap <= best_actual_cap))
continue ;
cur_delta = compute_energy(&eenv, pd, cpus, p,
max_spare_cap_cpu);
/* CPU utilization has changed */
if (cur_delta < base_energy)
goto unlock;
cur_delta -= base_energy;
/*
* Both fit for the task but best energy cpu has lower
* energy impact .
*/
if ((max_fits > 0 ) && (best_fits > 0 ) &&
(cur_delta >= best_delta))
continue ;
best_delta = cur_delta;
best_energy_cpu = max_spare_cap_cpu;
best_fits = max_fits;
best_actual_cap = cpu_actual_cap;
}
}
rcu_read_unlock();
if ((best_fits > prev_fits) ||
((best_fits > 0 ) && (best_delta < prev_delta)) ||
((best_fits < 0 ) && (best_actual_cap > prev_actual_cap)))
target = best_energy_cpu;
return target;
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
return target;
}
/*
* select_task_rq_fair : Select target runqueue for the waking task in domains
* that have the relevant SD flag set . In practice , this is SD_BALANCE_WAKE ,
* SD_BALANCE_FORK , or SD_BALANCE_EXEC .
*
* Balances load by selecting the idlest CPU in the idlest group , or under
* certain conditions an idle sibling CPU if the domain has SD_WAKE_AFFINE set .
*
* Returns the target CPU number .
*/
static int
select_task_rq_fair(struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu, int wake_flags)
{
int sync = (wake_flags & WF_SYNC) && !(current->flags & PF_EXITING);
struct sched_domain *tmp, *sd = NULL;
int cpu = smp_processor_id();
int new_cpu = prev_cpu;
int want_affine = 0 ;
/* SD_flags and WF_flags share the first nibble */
int sd_flag = wake_flags & 0 xF;
/*
* required for stable - > cpus_allowed
*/
lockdep_assert_held(&p->pi_lock);
if (wake_flags & WF_TTWU) {
record_wakee(p);
if ((wake_flags & WF_CURRENT_CPU) &&
cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr))
return cpu;
if (!is_rd_overutilized(this_rq()->rd)) {
new_cpu = find_energy_efficient_cpu(p, prev_cpu);
if (new_cpu >= 0 )
return new_cpu;
new_cpu = prev_cpu;
}
want_affine = !wake_wide(p) && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr);
}
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_domain(cpu, tmp) {
/*
* If both ' cpu ' and ' prev_cpu ' are part of this domain ,
* cpu is a valid SD_WAKE_AFFINE target .
*/
if (want_affine && (tmp->flags & SD_WAKE_AFFINE) &&
cpumask_test_cpu(prev_cpu, sched_domain_span(tmp))) {
if (cpu != prev_cpu)
new_cpu = wake_affine(tmp, p, cpu, prev_cpu, sync);
sd = NULL; /* Prefer wake_affine over balance flags */
break ;
}
/*
* Usually only true for WF_EXEC and WF_FORK , as sched_domains
* usually do not have SD_BALANCE_WAKE set . That means wakeup
* will usually go to the fast path .
*/
if (tmp->flags & sd_flag)
sd = tmp;
else if (!want_affine)
break ;
}
if (unlikely(sd)) {
/* Slow path */
new_cpu = sched_balance_find_dst_cpu(sd, p, cpu, prev_cpu, sd_flag);
} else if (wake_flags & WF_TTWU) { /* XXX always ? */
/* Fast path */
new_cpu = select_idle_sibling(p, prev_cpu, new_cpu);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
return new_cpu;
}
/*
* Called immediately before a task is migrated to a new CPU ; task_cpu ( p ) and
* cfs_rq_of ( p ) references at time of call are still valid and identify the
* previous CPU . The caller guarantees p - > pi_lock or task_rq ( p ) - > lock is held .
*/
static void migrate_task_rq_fair(struct task_struct *p, int new_cpu)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
if (!task_on_rq_migrating(p)) {
remove_entity_load_avg(se);
/*
* Here , the task ' s PELT values have been updated according to
* the current rq ' s clock . But if that clock hasn ' t been
* updated in a while , a substantial idle time will be missed ,
* leading to an inflation after wake - up on the new rq .
*
* Estimate the missing time from the cfs_rq last_update_time
* and update sched_avg to improve the PELT continuity after
* migration .
*/
migrate_se_pelt_lag(se);
}
/* Tell new CPU we are migrated */
se->avg.last_update_time = 0 ;
update_scan_period(p, new_cpu);
}
static void task_dead_fair(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
if (se->sched_delayed) {
struct rq_flags rf;
struct rq *rq;
rq = task_rq_lock(p, &rf);
if (se->sched_delayed) {
update_rq_clock(rq);
dequeue_entities(rq, se, DEQUEUE_SLEEP | DEQUEUE_DELAYED);
}
task_rq_unlock(rq, p, &rf);
}
remove_entity_load_avg(se);
}
/*
* Set the max capacity the task is allowed to run at for misfit detection .
*/
static void set_task_max_allowed_capacity(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct asym_cap_data *entry;
if (!sched_asym_cpucap_active())
return ;
rcu_read_lock();
list_for_each_entry_rcu(entry, &asym_cap_list, link) {
cpumask_t *cpumask;
cpumask = cpu_capacity_span(entry);
if (!cpumask_intersects(p->cpus_ptr, cpumask))
continue ;
p->max_allowed_capacity = entry->capacity;
break ;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
}
static void set_cpus_allowed_fair(struct task_struct *p, struct affinity_context *ctx)
{
set_cpus_allowed_common(p, ctx);
set_task_max_allowed_capacity(p);
}
static int
balance_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, struct rq_flags *rf)
{
if (sched_fair_runnable(rq))
return 1 ;
return sched_balance_newidle(rq, rf) != 0 ;
}
static void set_next_buddy(struct sched_entity *se)
{
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!se->on_rq))
return ;
if (se_is_idle(se))
return ;
cfs_rq_of(se)->next = se;
}
}
/*
* Preempt the current task with a newly woken task if needed :
*/
static void check_preempt_wakeup_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wake_flags)
{
struct task_struct *donor = rq->donor;
struct sched_entity *se = &donor->se, *pse = &p->se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(donor);
int cse_is_idle, pse_is_idle;
bool do_preempt_short = false ;
if (unlikely(se == pse))
return ;
/*
* This is possible from callers such as attach_tasks ( ) , in which we
* unconditionally wakeup_preempt ( ) after an enqueue ( which may have
* lead to a throttle ) . This both saves work and prevents false
* next - buddy nomination below .
*/
if (unlikely(throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq_of(pse))))
return ;
if (sched_feat(NEXT_BUDDY) && !(wake_flags & WF_FORK) && !pse->sched_delayed) {
set_next_buddy(pse);
}
/*
* We can come here with TIF_NEED_RESCHED already set from new task
* wake up path .
*
* Note : this also catches the edge - case of curr being in a throttled
* group ( e . g . via set_curr_task ) , since update_curr ( ) ( in the
* enqueue of curr ) will have resulted in resched being set . This
* prevents us from potentially nominating it as a false LAST_BUDDY
* below .
*/
if (test_tsk_need_resched(rq->curr))
return ;
if (!sched_feat(WAKEUP_PREEMPTION))
return ;
find_matching_se(&se, &pse);
WARN_ON_ONCE(!pse);
cse_is_idle = se_is_idle(se);
pse_is_idle = se_is_idle(pse);
/*
* Preempt an idle entity in favor of a non - idle entity ( and don ' t preempt
* in the inverse case ) .
*/
if (cse_is_idle && !pse_is_idle) {
/*
* When non - idle entity preempt an idle entity ,
* don ' t give idle entity slice protection .
*/
do_preempt_short = true ;
goto preempt;
}
if (cse_is_idle != pse_is_idle)
return ;
/*
* BATCH and IDLE tasks do not preempt others .
*/
if (unlikely(!normal_policy(p->policy)))
return ;
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
update_curr(cfs_rq);
/*
* If @ p has a shorter slice than current and @ p is eligible , override
* current ' s slice protection in order to allow preemption .
*/
do_preempt_short = sched_feat(PREEMPT_SHORT) && (pse->slice < se->slice);
/*
* If @ p has become the most eligible task , force preemption .
*/
if (__pick_eevdf(cfs_rq, !do_preempt_short) == pse)
goto preempt;
if (sched_feat(RUN_TO_PARITY) && do_preempt_short)
update_protect_slice(cfs_rq, se);
return ;
preempt:
if (do_preempt_short)
cancel_protect_slice(se);
resched_curr_lazy(rq);
}
static struct task_struct *pick_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
{
struct sched_entity *se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
again:
cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
if (!cfs_rq->nr_queued)
return NULL;
do {
/* Might not have done put_prev_entity() */
if (cfs_rq->curr && cfs_rq->curr->on_rq)
update_curr(cfs_rq);
if (unlikely(check_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq)))
goto again;
se = pick_next_entity(rq, cfs_rq);
if (!se)
goto again;
cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
} while (cfs_rq);
return task_of(se);
}
static void __set_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool first);
static void set_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool first);
struct task_struct *
pick_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, struct rq_flags *rf)
{
struct sched_entity *se;
struct task_struct *p;
int new_tasks;
again:
p = pick_task_fair(rq);
if (!p)
goto idle;
se = &p->se;
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
if (prev->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
goto simple;
__put_prev_set_next_dl_server(rq, prev, p);
/*
* Because of the set_next_buddy ( ) in dequeue_task_fair ( ) it is rather
* likely that a next task is from the same cgroup as the current .
*
* Therefore attempt to avoid putting and setting the entire cgroup
* hierarchy , only change the part that actually changes .
*
* Since we haven ' t yet done put_prev_entity and if the selected task
* is a different task than we started out with , try and touch the
* least amount of cfs_rqs .
*/
if (prev != p) {
struct sched_entity *pse = &prev->se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
while (!(cfs_rq = is_same_group(se, pse))) {
int se_depth = se->depth;
int pse_depth = pse->depth;
if (se_depth <= pse_depth) {
put_prev_entity(cfs_rq_of(pse), pse);
pse = parent_entity(pse);
}
if (se_depth >= pse_depth) {
set_next_entity(cfs_rq_of(se), se);
se = parent_entity(se);
}
}
put_prev_entity(cfs_rq, pse);
set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se);
__set_next_task_fair(rq, p, true );
}
return p;
simple:
#endif /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
put_prev_set_next_task(rq, prev, p);
return p;
idle:
if (rf) {
new_tasks = sched_balance_newidle(rq, rf);
/*
* Because sched_balance_newidle ( ) releases ( and re - acquires )
* rq - > lock , it is possible for any higher priority task to
* appear . In that case we must re - start the pick_next_entity ( )
* loop .
*/
if (new_tasks < 0 )
return RETRY_TASK;
if (new_tasks > 0 )
goto again;
}
/*
* rq is about to be idle , check if we need to update the
* lost_idle_time of clock_pelt
*/
update_idle_rq_clock_pelt(rq);
return NULL;
}
static struct task_struct *__pick_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
{
return pick_next_task_fair(rq, prev, NULL);
}
static struct task_struct *fair_server_pick_task(struct sched_dl_entity *dl_se)
{
return pick_task_fair(dl_se->rq);
}
void fair_server_init(struct rq *rq)
{
struct sched_dl_entity *dl_se = &rq->fair_server;
init_dl_entity(dl_se);
dl_server_init(dl_se, rq, fair_server_pick_task);
}
/*
* Account for a descheduled task :
*/
static void put_prev_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, struct task_struct *next)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &prev->se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
put_prev_entity(cfs_rq, se);
}
}
/*
* sched_yield ( ) is very simple
*/
static void yield_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
{
struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(curr);
struct sched_entity *se = &curr->se;
/*
* Are we the only task in the tree ?
*/
if (unlikely(rq->nr_running == 1 ))
return ;
clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
update_rq_clock(rq);
/*
* Update run - time statistics of the ' current ' .
*/
update_curr(cfs_rq);
/*
* Tell update_rq_clock ( ) that we ' ve just updated ,
* so we don ' t do microscopic update in schedule ( )
* and double the fastpath cost .
*/
rq_clock_skip_update(rq);
se->deadline += calc_delta_fair(se->slice, se);
}
static bool yield_to_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
/* throttled hierarchies are not runnable */
if (!se->on_rq || throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq_of(se)))
return false ;
/* Tell the scheduler that we'd really like se to run next. */
set_next_buddy(se);
yield_task_fair(rq);
return true ;
}
/**************************************************
* Fair scheduling class load - balancing methods .
*
* BASICS
*
* The purpose of load - balancing is to achieve the same basic fairness the
* per - CPU scheduler provides , namely provide a proportional amount of compute
* time to each task . This is expressed in the following equation :
*
* W_i , n / P_i = = W_j , n / P_j for all i , j ( 1 )
*
* Where W_i , n is the n - th weight average for CPU i . The instantaneous weight
* W_i , 0 is defined as :
*
* W_i , 0 = \ Sum_j w_i , j ( 2 )
*
* Where w_i , j is the weight of the j - th runnable task on CPU i . This weight
* is derived from the nice value as per sched_prio_to_weight [ ] .
*
* The weight average is an exponential decay average of the instantaneous
* weight :
*
* W ' _ i , n = ( 2 ^ n - 1 ) / 2 ^ n * W_i , n + 1 / 2 ^ n * W_i , 0 ( 3 )
*
* C_i is the compute capacity of CPU i , typically it is the
* fraction of ' recent ' time available for SCHED_OTHER task execution . But it
* can also include other factors [ XXX ] .
*
* To achieve this balance we define a measure of imbalance which follows
* directly from ( 1 ) :
*
* imb_i , j = max { avg ( W / C ) , W_i / C_i } - min { avg ( W / C ) , W_j / C_j } ( 4 )
*
* We them move tasks around to minimize the imbalance . In the continuous
* function space it is obvious this converges , in the discrete case we get
* a few fun cases generally called infeasible weight scenarios .
*
* [ XXX expand on :
* - infeasible weights ;
* - local vs global optima in the discrete case . ]
*
*
* SCHED DOMAINS
*
* In order to solve the imbalance equation ( 4 ) , and avoid the obvious O ( n ^ 2 )
* for all i , j solution , we create a tree of CPUs that follows the hardware
* topology where each level pairs two lower groups ( or better ) . This results
* in O ( log n ) layers . Furthermore we reduce the number of CPUs going up the
* tree to only the first of the previous level and we decrease the frequency
* of load - balance at each level inversely proportional to the number of CPUs in
* the groups .
*
* This yields :
*
* log_2 n 1 n
* \ Sum { - - - * - - - * 2 ^ i } = O ( n ) ( 5 )
* i = 0 2 ^ i 2 ^ i
* ` - size of each group
* | | ` - number of CPUs doing load - balance
* | ` - freq
* ` - sum over all levels
*
* Coupled with a limit on how many tasks we can migrate every balance pass ,
* this makes ( 5 ) the runtime complexity of the balancer .
*
* An important property here is that each CPU is still ( indirectly ) connected
* to every other CPU in at most O ( log n ) steps :
*
* The adjacency matrix of the resulting graph is given by :
*
* log_2 n
* A_i , j = \ Union ( i % 2 ^ k = = 0 ) & & i / 2 ^ ( k + 1 ) = = j / 2 ^ ( k + 1 ) ( 6 )
* k = 0
*
* And you ' ll find that :
*
* A ^ ( log_2 n ) _ i , j ! = 0 for all i , j ( 7 )
*
* Showing there ' s indeed a path between every CPU in at most O ( log n ) steps .
* The task movement gives a factor of O ( m ) , giving a convergence complexity
* of :
*
* O ( nm log n ) , n : = nr_cpus , m : = nr_tasks ( 8 )
*
*
* WORK CONSERVING
*
* In order to avoid CPUs going idle while there ' s still work to do , new idle
* balancing is more aggressive and has the newly idle CPU iterate up the domain
* tree itself instead of relying on other CPUs to bring it work .
*
* This adds some complexity to both ( 5 ) and ( 8 ) but it reduces the total idle
* time .
*
* [ XXX more ? ]
*
*
* CGROUPS
*
* Cgroups make a horror show out of ( 2 ) , instead of a simple sum we get :
*
* s_k , i
* W_i , 0 = \ Sum_j \ Prod_k w_k * - - - - - ( 9 )
* S_k
*
* Where
*
* s_k , i = \ Sum_j w_i , j , k and S_k = \ Sum_i s_k , i ( 10 )
*
* w_i , j , k is the weight of the j - th runnable task in the k - th cgroup on CPU i .
*
* The big problem is S_k , its a global sum needed to compute a local ( W_i )
* property .
*
* [ XXX write more on how we solve this . . _ after_ merging pjt ' s patches that
* rewrite all of this once again . ]
*/
static unsigned long __read_mostly max_load_balance_interval = HZ/10 ;
enum fbq_type { regular, remote, all };
/*
* ' group_type ' describes the group of CPUs at the moment of load balancing .
*
* The enum is ordered by pulling priority , with the group with lowest priority
* first so the group_type can simply be compared when selecting the busiest
* group . See update_sd_pick_busiest ( ) .
*/
enum group_type {
/* The group has spare capacity that can be used to run more tasks. */
group_has_spare = 0 ,
/*
* The group is fully used and the tasks don ' t compete for more CPU
* cycles . Nevertheless , some tasks might wait before running .
*/
group_fully_busy,
/*
* One task doesn ' t fit with CPU ' s capacity and must be migrated to a
* more powerful CPU .
*/
group_misfit_task,
/*
* Balance SMT group that ' s fully busy . Can benefit from migration
* a task on SMT with busy sibling to another CPU on idle core .
*/
group_smt_balance,
/*
* SD_ASYM_PACKING only : One local CPU with higher capacity is available ,
* and the task should be migrated to it instead of running on the
* current CPU .
*/
group_asym_packing,
/*
* The tasks ' affinity constraints previously prevented the scheduler
* from balancing the load across the system .
*/
group_imbalanced,
/*
* The CPU is overloaded and can ' t provide expected CPU cycles to all
* tasks .
*/
group_overloaded
};
enum migration_type {
migrate_load = 0 ,
migrate_util,
migrate_task,
migrate_misfit
};
#define LBF_ALL_PINNED 0 x01
#define LBF_NEED_BREAK 0 x02
#define LBF_DST_PINNED 0 x04
#define LBF_SOME_PINNED 0 x08
#define LBF_ACTIVE_LB 0 x10
struct lb_env {
struct sched_domain *sd;
struct rq *src_rq;
int src_cpu;
int dst_cpu;
struct rq *dst_rq;
struct cpumask *dst_grpmask;
int new_dst_cpu;
enum cpu_idle_type idle;
long imbalance;
/* The set of CPUs under consideration for load-balancing */
struct cpumask *cpus;
unsigned int flags;
unsigned int loop;
unsigned int loop_break;
unsigned int loop_max;
enum fbq_type fbq_type;
enum migration_type migration_type;
struct list_head tasks;
};
/*
* Is this task likely cache - hot :
*/
static int task_hot(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
{
s64 delta;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
return 0 ;
if (unlikely(task_has_idle_policy(p)))
return 0 ;
/* SMT siblings share cache */
if (env->sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY)
return 0 ;
/*
* Buddy candidates are cache hot :
*/
if (sched_feat(CACHE_HOT_BUDDY) && env->dst_rq->nr_running &&
(&p->se == cfs_rq_of(&p->se)->next))
return 1 ;
if (sysctl_sched_migration_cost == -1 )
return 1 ;
/*
* Don ' t migrate task if the task ' s cookie does not match
* with the destination CPU ' s core cookie .
*/
if (!sched_core_cookie_match(cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu), p))
return 1 ;
if (sysctl_sched_migration_cost == 0 )
return 0 ;
delta = rq_clock_task(env->src_rq) - p->se.exec_start;
return delta < (s64)sysctl_sched_migration_cost;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
/*
* Returns a positive value , if task migration degrades locality .
* Returns 0 , if task migration is not affected by locality .
* Returns a negative value , if task migration improves locality i . e migration preferred .
*/
static long migrate_degrades_locality(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
{
struct numa_group *numa_group = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
unsigned long src_weight, dst_weight;
int src_nid, dst_nid, dist;
if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_numa_balancing))
return 0 ;
if (!p->numa_faults || !(env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA))
return 0 ;
src_nid = cpu_to_node(env->src_cpu);
dst_nid = cpu_to_node(env->dst_cpu);
if (src_nid == dst_nid)
return 0 ;
/* Migrating away from the preferred node is always bad. */
if (src_nid == p->numa_preferred_nid) {
if (env->src_rq->nr_running > env->src_rq->nr_preferred_running)
return 1 ;
else
return 0 ;
}
/* Encourage migration to the preferred node. */
if (dst_nid == p->numa_preferred_nid)
return -1 ;
/* Leaving a core idle is often worse than degrading locality. */
if (env->idle == CPU_IDLE)
return 0 ;
dist = node_distance(src_nid, dst_nid);
if (numa_group) {
src_weight = group_weight(p, src_nid, dist);
dst_weight = group_weight(p, dst_nid, dist);
} else {
src_weight = task_weight(p, src_nid, dist);
dst_weight = task_weight(p, dst_nid, dist);
}
return src_weight - dst_weight;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING: */
static inline long migrate_degrades_locality(struct task_struct *p,
struct lb_env *env)
{
return 0 ;
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
/*
* Check whether the task is ineligible on the destination cpu
*
* When the PLACE_LAG scheduling feature is enabled and
* dst_cfs_rq - > nr_queued is greater than 1 , if the task
* is ineligible , it will also be ineligible when
* it is migrated to the destination cpu .
*/
static inline int task_is_ineligible_on_dst_cpu(struct task_struct *p, int dest_cpu)
{
struct cfs_rq *dst_cfs_rq;
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
dst_cfs_rq = task_group(p)->cfs_rq[dest_cpu];
#else
dst_cfs_rq = &cpu_rq(dest_cpu)->cfs;
#endif
if (sched_feat(PLACE_LAG) && dst_cfs_rq->nr_queued &&
!entity_eligible(task_cfs_rq(p), &p->se))
return 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
/*
* can_migrate_task - may task p from runqueue rq be migrated to this_cpu ?
*/
static
int can_migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
{
long degrades, hot;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
if (p->sched_task_hot)
p->sched_task_hot = 0 ;
/*
* We do not migrate tasks that are :
* 1 ) delayed dequeued unless we migrate load , or
* 2 ) throttled_lb_pair , or
* 3 ) cannot be migrated to this CPU due to cpus_ptr , or
* 4 ) running ( obviously ) , or
* 5 ) are cache - hot on their current CPU , or
* 6 ) are blocked on mutexes ( if SCHED_PROXY_EXEC is enabled )
*/
if ((p->se.sched_delayed) && (env->migration_type != migrate_load))
return 0 ;
if (throttled_lb_pair(task_group(p), env->src_cpu, env->dst_cpu))
return 0 ;
/*
* We want to prioritize the migration of eligible tasks .
* For ineligible tasks we soft - limit them and only allow
* them to migrate when nr_balance_failed is non - zero to
* avoid load - balancing trying very hard to balance the load .
*/
if (!env->sd->nr_balance_failed &&
task_is_ineligible_on_dst_cpu(p, env->dst_cpu))
return 0 ;
/* Disregard percpu kthreads; they are where they need to be. */
if (kthread_is_per_cpu(p))
return 0 ;
if (task_is_blocked(p))
return 0 ;
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(env->dst_cpu, p->cpus_ptr)) {
int cpu;
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_affine);
env->flags |= LBF_SOME_PINNED;
/*
* Remember if this task can be migrated to any other CPU in
* our sched_group . We may want to revisit it if we couldn ' t
* meet load balance goals by pulling other tasks on src_cpu .
*
* Avoid computing new_dst_cpu
* - for NEWLY_IDLE
* - if we have already computed one in current iteration
* - if it ' s an active balance
*/
if (env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE ||
env->flags & (LBF_DST_PINNED | LBF_ACTIVE_LB))
return 0 ;
/* Prevent to re-select dst_cpu via env's CPUs: */
cpu = cpumask_first_and_and(env->dst_grpmask, env->cpus, p->cpus_ptr);
if (cpu < nr_cpu_ids) {
env->flags |= LBF_DST_PINNED;
env->new_dst_cpu = cpu;
}
return 0 ;
}
/* Record that we found at least one task that could run on dst_cpu */
env->flags &= ~LBF_ALL_PINNED;
if (task_on_cpu(env->src_rq, p) ||
task_current_donor(env->src_rq, p)) {
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_running);
return 0 ;
}
/*
* Aggressive migration if :
* 1 ) active balance
* 2 ) destination numa is preferred
* 3 ) task is cache cold , or
* 4 ) too many balance attempts have failed .
*/
if (env->flags & LBF_ACTIVE_LB)
return 1 ;
degrades = migrate_degrades_locality(p, env);
if (!degrades)
hot = task_hot(p, env);
else
hot = degrades > 0 ;
if (!hot || env->sd->nr_balance_failed > env->sd->cache_nice_tries) {
if (hot)
p->sched_task_hot = 1 ;
return 1 ;
}
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_hot);
return 0 ;
}
/*
* detach_task ( ) - - detach the task for the migration specified in env
*/
static void detach_task(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
{
lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
if (p->sched_task_hot) {
p->sched_task_hot = 0 ;
schedstat_inc(env->sd->lb_hot_gained[env->idle]);
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_forced_migrations);
}
WARN_ON(task_current(env->src_rq, p));
WARN_ON(task_current_donor(env->src_rq, p));
deactivate_task(env->src_rq, p, DEQUEUE_NOCLOCK);
set_task_cpu(p, env->dst_cpu);
}
/*
* detach_one_task ( ) - - tries to dequeue exactly one task from env - > src_rq , as
* part of active balancing operations within " domain " .
*
* Returns a task if successful and NULL otherwise .
*/
static struct task_struct *detach_one_task(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct task_struct *p;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
list_for_each_entry_reverse(p,
&env->src_rq->cfs_tasks, se.group_node) {
if (!can_migrate_task(p, env))
continue ;
detach_task(p, env);
/*
* Right now , this is only the second place where
* lb_gained [ env - > idle ] is updated ( other is detach_tasks )
* so we can safely collect stats here rather than
* inside detach_tasks ( ) .
*/
schedstat_inc(env->sd->lb_gained[env->idle]);
return p;
}
return NULL;
}
/*
* detach_tasks ( ) - - tries to detach up to imbalance load / util / tasks from
* busiest_rq , as part of a balancing operation within domain " sd " .
*
* Returns number of detached tasks if successful and 0 otherwise .
*/
static int detach_tasks(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct list_head *tasks = &env->src_rq->cfs_tasks;
unsigned long util, load;
struct task_struct *p;
int detached = 0 ;
lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
/*
* Source run queue has been emptied by another CPU , clear
* LBF_ALL_PINNED flag as we will not test any task .
*/
if (env->src_rq->nr_running <= 1 ) {
env->flags &= ~LBF_ALL_PINNED;
return 0 ;
}
if (env->imbalance <= 0 )
return 0 ;
while (!list_empty(tasks)) {
/*
* We don ' t want to steal all , otherwise we may be treated likewise ,
* which could at worst lead to a livelock crash .
*/
if (env->idle && env->src_rq->nr_running <= 1 )
break ;
env->loop++;
/* We've more or less seen every task there is, call it quits */
if (env->loop > env->loop_max)
break ;
/* take a breather every nr_migrate tasks */
if (env->loop > env->loop_break) {
env->loop_break += SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK;
env->flags |= LBF_NEED_BREAK;
break ;
}
p = list_last_entry(tasks, struct task_struct, se.group_node);
if (!can_migrate_task(p, env))
goto next;
switch (env->migration_type) {
case migrate_load:
/*
* Depending of the number of CPUs and tasks and the
* cgroup hierarchy , task_h_load ( ) can return a null
* value . Make sure that env - > imbalance decreases
* otherwise detach_tasks ( ) will stop only after
* detaching up to loop_max tasks .
*/
load = max_t(unsigned long , task_h_load(p), 1 );
if (sched_feat(LB_MIN) &&
load < 16 && !env->sd->nr_balance_failed)
goto next;
/*
* Make sure that we don ' t migrate too much load .
* Nevertheless , let relax the constraint if
* scheduler fails to find a good waiting task to
* migrate .
*/
if (shr_bound(load, env->sd->nr_balance_failed) > env->imbalance)
goto next;
env->imbalance -= load;
break ;
case migrate_util:
util = task_util_est(p);
if (shr_bound(util, env->sd->nr_balance_failed) > env->imbalance)
goto next;
env->imbalance -= util;
break ;
case migrate_task:
env->imbalance--;
break ;
case migrate_misfit:
/* This is not a misfit task */
if (task_fits_cpu(p, env->src_cpu))
goto next;
env->imbalance = 0 ;
break ;
}
detach_task(p, env);
list_add(&p->se.group_node, &env->tasks);
detached++;
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPTION
/*
* NEWIDLE balancing is a source of latency , so preemptible
* kernels will stop after the first task is detached to minimize
* the critical section .
*/
if (env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE)
break ;
#endif
/*
* We only want to steal up to the prescribed amount of
* load / util / tasks .
*/
if (env->imbalance <= 0 )
break ;
continue ;
next:
if (p->sched_task_hot)
schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_hot);
list_move(&p->se.group_node, tasks);
}
/*
* Right now , this is one of only two places we collect this stat
* so we can safely collect detach_one_task ( ) stats here rather
* than inside detach_one_task ( ) .
*/
schedstat_add(env->sd->lb_gained[env->idle], detached);
return detached;
}
/*
* attach_task ( ) - - attach the task detached by detach_task ( ) to its new rq .
*/
static void attach_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
WARN_ON_ONCE(task_rq(p) != rq);
activate_task(rq, p, ENQUEUE_NOCLOCK);
wakeup_preempt(rq, p, 0 );
}
/*
* attach_one_task ( ) - - attaches the task returned from detach_one_task ( ) to
* its new rq .
*/
static void attach_one_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock(rq, &rf);
update_rq_clock(rq);
attach_task(rq, p);
rq_unlock(rq, &rf);
}
/*
* attach_tasks ( ) - - attaches all tasks detached by detach_tasks ( ) to their
* new rq .
*/
static void attach_tasks(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct list_head *tasks = &env->tasks;
struct task_struct *p;
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock(env->dst_rq, &rf);
update_rq_clock(env->dst_rq);
while (!list_empty(tasks)) {
p = list_first_entry(tasks, struct task_struct, se.group_node);
list_del_init(&p->se.group_node);
attach_task(env->dst_rq, p);
}
rq_unlock(env->dst_rq, &rf);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
static inline bool cfs_rq_has_blocked(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (cfs_rq->avg.load_avg)
return true ;
if (cfs_rq->avg.util_avg)
return true ;
return false ;
}
static inline bool others_have_blocked(struct rq *rq)
{
if (cpu_util_rt(rq))
return true ;
if (cpu_util_dl(rq))
return true ;
if (hw_load_avg(rq))
return true ;
if (cpu_util_irq(rq))
return true ;
return false ;
}
static inline void update_blocked_load_tick(struct rq *rq)
{
WRITE_ONCE(rq->last_blocked_load_update_tick, jiffies);
}
static inline void update_blocked_load_status(struct rq *rq, bool has_blocked)
{
if (!has_blocked)
rq->has_blocked_load = 0 ;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON: */
static inline bool cfs_rq_has_blocked(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) { return false ; }
static inline bool others_have_blocked(struct rq *rq) { return false ; }
static inline void update_blocked_load_tick(struct rq *rq) {}
static inline void update_blocked_load_status(struct rq *rq, bool has_blocked) {}
#endif /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
static bool __update_blocked_others(struct rq *rq, bool *done)
{
bool updated;
/*
* update_load_avg ( ) can call cpufreq_update_util ( ) . Make sure that RT ,
* DL and IRQ signals have been updated before updating CFS .
*/
updated = update_other_load_avgs(rq);
if (others_have_blocked(rq))
*done = false ;
return updated;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
static bool __update_blocked_fair(struct rq *rq, bool *done)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *pos;
bool decayed = false ;
int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
/*
* Iterates the task_group tree in a bottom up fashion , see
* list_add_leaf_cfs_rq ( ) for details .
*/
for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(rq, cfs_rq, pos) {
struct sched_entity *se;
if (update_cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq), cfs_rq)) {
update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
if (cfs_rq->nr_queued == 0 )
update_idle_cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
if (cfs_rq == &rq->cfs)
decayed = true ;
}
/* Propagate pending load changes to the parent, if any: */
se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu];
if (se && !skip_blocked_update(se))
update_load_avg(cfs_rq_of(se), se, UPDATE_TG);
/*
* There can be a lot of idle CPU cgroups . Don ' t let fully
* decayed cfs_rqs linger on the list .
*/
if (cfs_rq_is_decayed(cfs_rq))
list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
/* Don't need periodic decay once load/util_avg are null */
if (cfs_rq_has_blocked(cfs_rq))
*done = false ;
}
return decayed;
}
/*
* Compute the hierarchical load factor for cfs_rq and all its ascendants .
* This needs to be done in a top - down fashion because the load of a child
* group is a fraction of its parents load .
*/
static void update_cfs_rq_h_load(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
struct sched_entity *se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu_of(rq)];
unsigned long now = jiffies;
unsigned long load;
if (cfs_rq->last_h_load_update == now)
return ;
WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->h_load_next, NULL);
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->h_load_next, se);
if (cfs_rq->last_h_load_update == now)
break ;
}
if (!se) {
cfs_rq->h_load = cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq);
cfs_rq->last_h_load_update = now;
}
while ((se = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->h_load_next)) != NULL) {
load = cfs_rq->h_load;
load = div64_ul(load * se->avg.load_avg,
cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq) + 1 );
cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
cfs_rq->h_load = load;
cfs_rq->last_h_load_update = now;
}
}
static unsigned long task_h_load(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(p);
update_cfs_rq_h_load(cfs_rq);
return div64_ul(p->se.avg.load_avg * cfs_rq->h_load,
cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq) + 1 );
}
#else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED: */
static bool __update_blocked_fair(struct rq *rq, bool *done)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
bool decayed;
decayed = update_cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq), cfs_rq);
if (cfs_rq_has_blocked(cfs_rq))
*done = false ;
return decayed;
}
static unsigned long task_h_load(struct task_struct *p)
{
return p->se.avg.load_avg;
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
static void sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(int cpu)
{
bool decayed = false , done = true ;
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
update_blocked_load_tick(rq);
update_rq_clock(rq);
decayed |= __update_blocked_others(rq, &done);
decayed |= __update_blocked_fair(rq, &done);
update_blocked_load_status(rq, !done);
if (decayed)
cpufreq_update_util(rq, 0 );
rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
}
/********** Helpers for sched_balance_find_src_group ************************/
/*
* sg_lb_stats - stats of a sched_group required for load - balancing :
*/
struct sg_lb_stats {
unsigned long avg_load; /* Avg load over the CPUs of the group */
unsigned long group_load; /* Total load over the CPUs of the group */
unsigned long group_capacity; /* Capacity over the CPUs of the group */
unsigned long group_util; /* Total utilization over the CPUs of the group */
unsigned long group_runnable; /* Total runnable time over the CPUs of the group */
unsigned int sum_nr_running; /* Nr of all tasks running in the group */
unsigned int sum_h_nr_running; /* Nr of CFS tasks running in the group */
unsigned int idle_cpus; /* Nr of idle CPUs in the group */
unsigned int group_weight;
enum group_type group_type;
unsigned int group_asym_packing; /* Tasks should be moved to preferred CPU */
unsigned int group_smt_balance; /* Task on busy SMT be moved */
unsigned long group_misfit_task_load; /* A CPU has a task too big for its capacity */
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
unsigned int nr_numa_running;
unsigned int nr_preferred_running;
#endif
};
/*
* sd_lb_stats - stats of a sched_domain required for load - balancing :
*/
struct sd_lb_stats {
struct sched_group *busiest; /* Busiest group in this sd */
struct sched_group *local; /* Local group in this sd */
unsigned long total_load; /* Total load of all groups in sd */
unsigned long total_capacity; /* Total capacity of all groups in sd */
unsigned long avg_load; /* Average load across all groups in sd */
unsigned int prefer_sibling; /* Tasks should go to sibling first */
struct sg_lb_stats busiest_stat; /* Statistics of the busiest group */
struct sg_lb_stats local_stat; /* Statistics of the local group */
};
static inline void init_sd_lb_stats(struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
{
/*
* Skimp on the clearing to avoid duplicate work . We can avoid clearing
* local_stat because update_sg_lb_stats ( ) does a full clear / assignment .
* We must however set busiest_stat : : group_type and
* busiest_stat : : idle_cpus to the worst busiest group because
* update_sd_pick_busiest ( ) reads these before assignment .
*/
*sds = (struct sd_lb_stats){
.busiest = NULL,
.local = NULL,
.total_load = 0 UL,
.total_capacity = 0 UL,
.busiest_stat = {
.idle_cpus = UINT_MAX,
.group_type = group_has_spare,
},
};
}
static unsigned long scale_rt_capacity(int cpu)
{
unsigned long max = get_actual_cpu_capacity(cpu);
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
unsigned long used, free;
unsigned long irq;
irq = cpu_util_irq(rq);
if (unlikely(irq >= max))
return 1 ;
/*
* avg_rt . util_avg and avg_dl . util_avg track binary signals
* ( running and not running ) with weights 0 and 1024 respectively .
*/
used = cpu_util_rt(rq);
used += cpu_util_dl(rq);
if (unlikely(used >= max))
return 1 ;
free = max - used;
return scale_irq_capacity(free, irq, max);
}
static void update_cpu_capacity(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
{
unsigned long capacity = scale_rt_capacity(cpu);
struct sched_group *sdg = sd->groups;
if (!capacity)
capacity = 1 ;
cpu_rq(cpu)->cpu_capacity = capacity;
trace_sched_cpu_capacity_tp(cpu_rq(cpu));
sdg->sgc->capacity = capacity;
sdg->sgc->min_capacity = capacity;
sdg->sgc->max_capacity = capacity;
}
void update_group_capacity(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
{
struct sched_domain *child = sd->child;
struct sched_group *group, *sdg = sd->groups;
unsigned long capacity, min_capacity, max_capacity;
unsigned long interval;
interval = msecs_to_jiffies(sd->balance_interval);
interval = clamp(interval, 1 UL, max_load_balance_interval);
sdg->sgc->next_update = jiffies + interval;
if (!child) {
update_cpu_capacity(sd, cpu);
return ;
}
capacity = 0 ;
min_capacity = ULONG_MAX;
max_capacity = 0 ;
if (child->flags & SD_NUMA) {
/*
* SD_NUMA domains cannot assume that child groups
* span the current group .
*/
for_each_cpu(cpu, sched_group_span(sdg)) {
unsigned long cpu_cap = capacity_of(cpu);
capacity += cpu_cap;
min_capacity = min(cpu_cap, min_capacity);
max_capacity = max(cpu_cap, max_capacity);
}
} else {
/*
* ! SD_NUMA domains can assume that child groups
* span the current group .
*/
group = child->groups;
do {
struct sched_group_capacity *sgc = group->sgc;
capacity += sgc->capacity;
min_capacity = min(sgc->min_capacity, min_capacity);
max_capacity = max(sgc->max_capacity, max_capacity);
group = group->next;
} while (group != child->groups);
}
sdg->sgc->capacity = capacity;
sdg->sgc->min_capacity = min_capacity;
sdg->sgc->max_capacity = max_capacity;
}
/*
* Check whether the capacity of the rq has been noticeably reduced by side
* activity . The imbalance_pct is used for the threshold .
* Return true is the capacity is reduced
*/
static inline int
check_cpu_capacity(struct rq *rq, struct sched_domain *sd)
{
return ((rq->cpu_capacity * sd->imbalance_pct) <
(arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_of(rq)) * 100 ));
}
/* Check if the rq has a misfit task */
static inline bool check_misfit_status(struct rq *rq)
{
return rq->misfit_task_load;
}
/*
* Group imbalance indicates ( and tries to solve ) the problem where balancing
* groups is inadequate due to - > cpus_ptr constraints .
*
* Imagine a situation of two groups of 4 CPUs each and 4 tasks each with a
* cpumask covering 1 CPU of the first group and 3 CPUs of the second group .
* Something like :
*
* { 0 1 2 3 } { 4 5 6 7 }
* * * * *
*
* If we were to balance group - wise we ' d place two tasks in the first group and
* two tasks in the second group . Clearly this is undesired as it will overload
* cpu 3 and leave one of the CPUs in the second group unused .
*
* The current solution to this issue is detecting the skew in the first group
* by noticing the lower domain failed to reach balance and had difficulty
* moving tasks due to affinity constraints .
*
* When this is so detected ; this group becomes a candidate for busiest ; see
* update_sd_pick_busiest ( ) . And calculate_imbalance ( ) and
* sched_balance_find_src_group ( ) avoid some of the usual balance conditions to allow it
* to create an effective group imbalance .
*
* This is a somewhat tricky proposition since the next run might not find the
* group imbalance and decide the groups need to be balanced again . A most
* subtle and fragile situation .
*/
static inline int sg_imbalanced(struct sched_group *group)
{
return group->sgc->imbalance;
}
/*
* group_has_capacity returns true if the group has spare capacity that could
* be used by some tasks .
* We consider that a group has spare capacity if the number of task is
* smaller than the number of CPUs or if the utilization is lower than the
* available capacity for CFS tasks .
* For the latter , we use a threshold to stabilize the state , to take into
* account the variance of the tasks ' load and to return true if the available
* capacity in meaningful for the load balancer .
* As an example , an available capacity of 1 % can appear but it doesn ' t make
* any benefit for the load balance .
*/
static inline bool
group_has_capacity(unsigned int imbalance_pct, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
if (sgs->sum_nr_running < sgs->group_weight)
return true ;
if ((sgs->group_capacity * imbalance_pct) <
(sgs->group_runnable * 100 ))
return false ;
if ((sgs->group_capacity * 100 ) >
(sgs->group_util * imbalance_pct))
return true ;
return false ;
}
/*
* group_is_overloaded returns true if the group has more tasks than it can
* handle .
* group_is_overloaded is not equals to ! group_has_capacity because a group
* with the exact right number of tasks , has no more spare capacity but is not
* overloaded so both group_has_capacity and group_is_overloaded return
* false .
*/
static inline bool
group_is_overloaded(unsigned int imbalance_pct, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
if (sgs->sum_nr_running <= sgs->group_weight)
return false ;
if ((sgs->group_capacity * 100 ) <
(sgs->group_util * imbalance_pct))
return true ;
if ((sgs->group_capacity * imbalance_pct) <
(sgs->group_runnable * 100 ))
return true ;
return false ;
}
static inline enum
group_type group_classify(unsigned int imbalance_pct,
struct sched_group *group,
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
if (group_is_overloaded(imbalance_pct, sgs))
return group_overloaded;
if (sg_imbalanced(group))
return group_imbalanced;
if (sgs->group_asym_packing)
return group_asym_packing;
if (sgs->group_smt_balance)
return group_smt_balance;
if (sgs->group_misfit_task_load)
return group_misfit_task;
if (!group_has_capacity(imbalance_pct, sgs))
return group_fully_busy;
return group_has_spare;
}
/**
* sched_use_asym_prio - Check whether asym_packing priority must be used
* @ sd : The scheduling domain of the load balancing
* @ cpu : A CPU
*
* Always use CPU priority when balancing load between SMT siblings . When
* balancing load between cores , it is not sufficient that @ cpu is idle . Only
* use CPU priority if the whole core is idle .
*
* Returns : True if the priority of @ cpu must be followed . False otherwise .
*/
static bool sched_use_asym_prio(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
{
if (!(sd->flags & SD_ASYM_PACKING))
return false ;
if (!sched_smt_active())
return true ;
return sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY || is_core_idle(cpu);
}
static inline bool sched_asym(struct sched_domain *sd, int dst_cpu, int src_cpu)
{
/*
* First check if @ dst_cpu can do asym_packing load balance . Only do it
* if it has higher priority than @ src_cpu .
*/
return sched_use_asym_prio(sd, dst_cpu) &&
sched_asym_prefer(dst_cpu, src_cpu);
}
/**
* sched_group_asym - Check if the destination CPU can do asym_packing balance
* @ env : The load balancing environment
* @ sgs : Load - balancing statistics of the candidate busiest group
* @ group : The candidate busiest group
*
* @ env : : dst_cpu can do asym_packing if it has higher priority than the
* preferred CPU of @ group .
*
* Return : true if @ env : : dst_cpu can do with asym_packing load balance . False
* otherwise .
*/
static inline bool
sched_group_asym(struct lb_env *env, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs, struct sched_group *group)
{
/*
* CPU priorities do not make sense for SMT cores with more than one
* busy sibling .
*/
if ((group->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY) &&
(sgs->group_weight - sgs->idle_cpus != 1 ))
return false ;
return sched_asym(env->sd, env->dst_cpu, READ_ONCE(group->asym_prefer_cpu));
}
/* One group has more than one SMT CPU while the other group does not */
static inline bool smt_vs_nonsmt_groups(struct sched_group *sg1,
struct sched_group *sg2)
{
if (!sg1 || !sg2)
return false ;
return (sg1->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY) !=
(sg2->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY);
}
static inline bool smt_balance(struct lb_env *env, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
struct sched_group *group)
{
if (!env->idle)
return false ;
/*
* For SMT source group , it is better to move a task
* to a CPU that doesn ' t have multiple tasks sharing its CPU capacity .
* Note that if a group has a single SMT , SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY
* will not be on .
*/
if (group->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY &&
sgs->sum_h_nr_running > 1 )
return true ;
return false ;
}
static inline long sibling_imbalance(struct lb_env *env,
struct sd_lb_stats *sds,
struct sg_lb_stats *busiest,
struct sg_lb_stats *local)
{
int ncores_busiest, ncores_local;
long imbalance;
if (!env->idle || !busiest->sum_nr_running)
return 0 ;
ncores_busiest = sds->busiest->cores;
ncores_local = sds->local->cores;
if (ncores_busiest == ncores_local) {
imbalance = busiest->sum_nr_running;
lsub_positive(&imbalance, local->sum_nr_running);
return imbalance;
}
/* Balance such that nr_running/ncores ratio are same on both groups */
imbalance = ncores_local * busiest->sum_nr_running;
lsub_positive(&imbalance, ncores_busiest * local->sum_nr_running);
/* Normalize imbalance and do rounding on normalization */
imbalance = 2 * imbalance + ncores_local + ncores_busiest;
imbalance /= ncores_local + ncores_busiest;
/* Take advantage of resource in an empty sched group */
if (imbalance <= 1 && local->sum_nr_running == 0 &&
busiest->sum_nr_running > 1 )
imbalance = 2 ;
return imbalance;
}
static inline bool
sched_reduced_capacity(struct rq *rq, struct sched_domain *sd)
{
/*
* When there is more than 1 task , the group_overloaded case already
* takes care of cpu with reduced capacity
*/
if (rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable != 1 )
return false ;
return check_cpu_capacity(rq, sd);
}
/**
* update_sg_lb_stats - Update sched_group ' s statistics for load balancing .
* @ env : The load balancing environment .
* @ sds : Load - balancing data with statistics of the local group .
* @ group : sched_group whose statistics are to be updated .
* @ sgs : variable to hold the statistics for this group .
* @ sg_overloaded : sched_group is overloaded
* @ sg_overutilized : sched_group is overutilized
*/
static inline void update_sg_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env,
struct sd_lb_stats *sds,
struct sched_group *group,
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
bool *sg_overloaded,
bool *sg_overutilized)
{
int i, nr_running, local_group, sd_flags = env->sd->flags;
bool balancing_at_rd = !env->sd->parent;
memset(sgs, 0 , sizeof (*sgs));
local_group = group == sds->local;
for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_group_span(group), env->cpus) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
unsigned long load = cpu_load(rq);
sgs->group_load += load;
sgs->group_util += cpu_util_cfs(i);
sgs->group_runnable += cpu_runnable(rq);
sgs->sum_h_nr_running += rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable;
nr_running = rq->nr_running;
sgs->sum_nr_running += nr_running;
if (cpu_overutilized(i))
*sg_overutilized = 1 ;
/*
* No need to call idle_cpu ( ) if nr_running is not 0
*/
if (!nr_running && idle_cpu(i)) {
sgs->idle_cpus++;
/* Idle cpu can't have misfit task */
continue ;
}
/* Overload indicator is only updated at root domain */
if (balancing_at_rd && nr_running > 1 )
*sg_overloaded = 1 ;
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
/* Only fbq_classify_group() uses this to classify NUMA groups */
if (sd_flags & SD_NUMA) {
sgs->nr_numa_running += rq->nr_numa_running;
sgs->nr_preferred_running += rq->nr_preferred_running;
}
#endif
if (local_group)
continue ;
if (sd_flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) {
/* Check for a misfit task on the cpu */
if (sgs->group_misfit_task_load < rq->misfit_task_load) {
sgs->group_misfit_task_load = rq->misfit_task_load;
*sg_overloaded = 1 ;
}
} else if (env->idle && sched_reduced_capacity(rq, env->sd)) {
/* Check for a task running on a CPU with reduced capacity */
if (sgs->group_misfit_task_load < load)
sgs->group_misfit_task_load = load;
}
}
sgs->group_capacity = group->sgc->capacity;
sgs->group_weight = group->group_weight;
/* Check if dst CPU is idle and preferred to this group */
if (!local_group && env->idle && sgs->sum_h_nr_running &&
sched_group_asym(env, sgs, group))
sgs->group_asym_packing = 1 ;
/* Check for loaded SMT group to be balanced to dst CPU */
if (!local_group && smt_balance(env, sgs, group))
sgs->group_smt_balance = 1 ;
sgs->group_type = group_classify(env->sd->imbalance_pct, group, sgs);
/* Computing avg_load makes sense only when group is overloaded */
if (sgs->group_type == group_overloaded)
sgs->avg_load = (sgs->group_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
sgs->group_capacity;
}
/**
* update_sd_pick_busiest - return 1 on busiest group
* @ env : The load balancing environment .
* @ sds : sched_domain statistics
* @ sg : sched_group candidate to be checked for being the busiest
* @ sgs : sched_group statistics
*
* Determine if @ sg is a busier group than the previously selected
* busiest group .
*
* Return : % true if @ sg is a busier group than the previously selected
* busiest group . % false otherwise .
*/
static bool update_sd_pick_busiest(struct lb_env *env,
struct sd_lb_stats *sds,
struct sched_group *sg,
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
struct sg_lb_stats *busiest = &sds->busiest_stat;
/* Make sure that there is at least one task to pull */
if (!sgs->sum_h_nr_running)
return false ;
/*
* Don ' t try to pull misfit tasks we can ' t help .
* We can use max_capacity here as reduction in capacity on some
* CPUs in the group should either be possible to resolve
* internally or be covered by avg_load imbalance ( eventually ) .
*/
if ((env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) &&
(sgs->group_type == group_misfit_task) &&
(!capacity_greater(capacity_of(env->dst_cpu), sg->sgc->max_capacity) ||
sds->local_stat.group_type != group_has_spare))
return false ;
if (sgs->group_type > busiest->group_type)
return true ;
if (sgs->group_type < busiest->group_type)
return false ;
/*
* The candidate and the current busiest group are the same type of
* group . Let check which one is the busiest according to the type .
*/
switch (sgs->group_type) {
case group_overloaded:
/* Select the overloaded group with highest avg_load. */
return sgs->avg_load > busiest->avg_load;
case group_imbalanced:
/*
* Select the 1 st imbalanced group as we don ' t have any way to
* choose one more than another .
*/
return false ;
case group_asym_packing:
/* Prefer to move from lowest priority CPU's work */
return sched_asym_prefer(READ_ONCE(sds->busiest->asym_prefer_cpu),
READ_ONCE(sg->asym_prefer_cpu));
case group_misfit_task:
/*
* If we have more than one misfit sg go with the biggest
* misfit .
*/
return sgs->group_misfit_task_load > busiest->group_misfit_task_load;
case group_smt_balance:
/*
* Check if we have spare CPUs on either SMT group to
* choose has spare or fully busy handling .
*/
if (sgs->idle_cpus != 0 || busiest->idle_cpus != 0 )
goto has_spare;
fallthrough;
case group_fully_busy:
/*
* Select the fully busy group with highest avg_load . In
* theory , there is no need to pull task from such kind of
* group because tasks have all compute capacity that they need
* but we can still improve the overall throughput by reducing
* contention when accessing shared HW resources .
*
* XXX for now avg_load is not computed and always 0 so we
* select the 1 st one , except if @ sg is composed of SMT
* siblings .
*/
if (sgs->avg_load < busiest->avg_load)
return false ;
if (sgs->avg_load == busiest->avg_load) {
/*
* SMT sched groups need more help than non - SMT groups .
* If @ sg happens to also be SMT , either choice is good .
*/
if (sds->busiest->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY)
return false ;
}
break ;
case group_has_spare:
/*
* Do not pick sg with SMT CPUs over sg with pure CPUs ,
* as we do not want to pull task off SMT core with one task
* and make the core idle .
*/
if (smt_vs_nonsmt_groups(sds->busiest, sg)) {
if (sg->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY && sgs->sum_h_nr_running <= 1 )
return false ;
else
return true ;
}
has_spare:
/*
* Select not overloaded group with lowest number of idle CPUs
* and highest number of running tasks . We could also compare
* the spare capacity which is more stable but it can end up
* that the group has less spare capacity but finally more idle
* CPUs which means less opportunity to pull tasks .
*/
if (sgs->idle_cpus > busiest->idle_cpus)
return false ;
else if ((sgs->idle_cpus == busiest->idle_cpus) &&
(sgs->sum_nr_running <= busiest->sum_nr_running))
return false ;
break ;
}
/*
* Candidate sg has no more than one task per CPU and has higher
* per - CPU capacity . Migrating tasks to less capable CPUs may harm
* throughput . Maximize throughput , power / energy consequences are not
* considered .
*/
if ((env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) &&
(sgs->group_type <= group_fully_busy) &&
(capacity_greater(sg->sgc->min_capacity, capacity_of(env->dst_cpu))))
return false ;
return true ;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_group(struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
if (sgs->sum_h_nr_running > sgs->nr_numa_running)
return regular;
if (sgs->sum_h_nr_running > sgs->nr_preferred_running)
return remote;
return all;
}
static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_rq(struct rq *rq)
{
if (rq->nr_running > rq->nr_numa_running)
return regular;
if (rq->nr_running > rq->nr_preferred_running)
return remote;
return all;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING: */
static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_group(struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
return all;
}
static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_rq(struct rq *rq)
{
return regular;
}
#endif /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
struct sg_lb_stats;
/*
* task_running_on_cpu - return 1 if @ p is running on @ cpu .
*/
static unsigned int task_running_on_cpu(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
/* Task has no contribution or is new */
if (cpu != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
return 0 ;
if (task_on_rq_queued(p))
return 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
/**
* idle_cpu_without - would a given CPU be idle without p ?
* @ cpu : the processor on which idleness is tested .
* @ p : task which should be ignored .
*
* Return : 1 if the CPU would be idle . 0 otherwise .
*/
static int idle_cpu_without(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
if (rq->curr != rq->idle && rq->curr != p)
return 0 ;
/*
* rq - > nr_running can ' t be used but an updated version without the
* impact of p on cpu must be used instead . The updated nr_running
* be computed and tested before calling idle_cpu_without ( ) .
*/
if (rq->ttwu_pending)
return 0 ;
return 1 ;
}
/*
* update_sg_wakeup_stats - Update sched_group ' s statistics for wakeup .
* @ sd : The sched_domain level to look for idlest group .
* @ group : sched_group whose statistics are to be updated .
* @ sgs : variable to hold the statistics for this group .
* @ p : The task for which we look for the idlest group / CPU .
*/
static inline void update_sg_wakeup_stats(struct sched_domain *sd,
struct sched_group *group,
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
struct task_struct *p)
{
int i, nr_running;
memset(sgs, 0 , sizeof (*sgs));
/* Assume that task can't fit any CPU of the group */
if (sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY)
sgs->group_misfit_task_load = 1 ;
for_each_cpu(i, sched_group_span(group)) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
unsigned int local;
sgs->group_load += cpu_load_without(rq, p);
sgs->group_util += cpu_util_without(i, p);
sgs->group_runnable += cpu_runnable_without(rq, p);
local = task_running_on_cpu(i, p);
sgs->sum_h_nr_running += rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable - local;
nr_running = rq->nr_running - local;
sgs->sum_nr_running += nr_running;
/*
* No need to call idle_cpu_without ( ) if nr_running is not 0
*/
if (!nr_running && idle_cpu_without(i, p))
sgs->idle_cpus++;
/* Check if task fits in the CPU */
if (sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY &&
sgs->group_misfit_task_load &&
task_fits_cpu(p, i))
sgs->group_misfit_task_load = 0 ;
}
sgs->group_capacity = group->sgc->capacity;
sgs->group_weight = group->group_weight;
sgs->group_type = group_classify(sd->imbalance_pct, group, sgs);
/*
* Computing avg_load makes sense only when group is fully busy or
* overloaded
*/
if (sgs->group_type == group_fully_busy ||
sgs->group_type == group_overloaded)
sgs->avg_load = (sgs->group_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
sgs->group_capacity;
}
static bool update_pick_idlest(struct sched_group *idlest,
struct sg_lb_stats *idlest_sgs,
struct sched_group *group,
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
{
if (sgs->group_type < idlest_sgs->group_type)
return true ;
if (sgs->group_type > idlest_sgs->group_type)
return false ;
/*
* The candidate and the current idlest group are the same type of
* group . Let check which one is the idlest according to the type .
*/
switch (sgs->group_type) {
case group_overloaded:
case group_fully_busy:
/* Select the group with lowest avg_load. */
if (idlest_sgs->avg_load <= sgs->avg_load)
return false ;
break ;
case group_imbalanced:
case group_asym_packing:
case group_smt_balance:
/* Those types are not used in the slow wakeup path */
return false ;
case group_misfit_task:
/* Select group with the highest max capacity */
if (idlest->sgc->max_capacity >= group->sgc->max_capacity)
return false ;
break ;
case group_has_spare:
/* Select group with most idle CPUs */
if (idlest_sgs->idle_cpus > sgs->idle_cpus)
return false ;
/* Select group with lowest group_util */
if (idlest_sgs->idle_cpus == sgs->idle_cpus &&
idlest_sgs->group_util <= sgs->group_util)
return false ;
break ;
}
return true ;
}
/*
* sched_balance_find_dst_group ( ) finds and returns the least busy CPU group within the
* domain .
*
* Assumes p is allowed on at least one CPU in sd .
*/
static struct sched_group *
sched_balance_find_dst_group(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu)
{
struct sched_group *idlest = NULL, *local = NULL, *group = sd->groups;
struct sg_lb_stats local_sgs, tmp_sgs;
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs;
unsigned long imbalance;
struct sg_lb_stats idlest_sgs = {
.avg_load = UINT_MAX,
.group_type = group_overloaded,
};
do {
int local_group;
/* Skip over this group if it has no CPUs allowed */
if (!cpumask_intersects(sched_group_span(group),
p->cpus_ptr))
continue ;
/* Skip over this group if no cookie matched */
if (!sched_group_cookie_match(cpu_rq(this_cpu), p, group))
continue ;
local_group = cpumask_test_cpu(this_cpu,
sched_group_span(group));
if (local_group) {
sgs = &local_sgs;
local = group;
} else {
sgs = &tmp_sgs;
}
update_sg_wakeup_stats(sd, group, sgs, p);
if (!local_group && update_pick_idlest(idlest, &idlest_sgs, group, sgs)) {
idlest = group;
idlest_sgs = *sgs;
}
} while (group = group->next, group != sd->groups);
/* There is no idlest group to push tasks to */
if (!idlest)
return NULL;
/* The local group has been skipped because of CPU affinity */
if (!local)
return idlest;
/*
* If the local group is idler than the selected idlest group
* don ' t try and push the task .
*/
if (local_sgs.group_type < idlest_sgs.group_type)
return NULL;
/*
* If the local group is busier than the selected idlest group
* try and push the task .
*/
if (local_sgs.group_type > idlest_sgs.group_type)
return idlest;
switch (local_sgs.group_type) {
case group_overloaded:
case group_fully_busy:
/* Calculate allowed imbalance based on load */
imbalance = scale_load_down(NICE_0_LOAD) *
(sd->imbalance_pct-100 ) / 100 ;
/*
* When comparing groups across NUMA domains , it ' s possible for
* the local domain to be very lightly loaded relative to the
* remote domains but " imbalance " skews the comparison making
* remote CPUs look much more favourable . When considering
* cross - domain , add imbalance to the load on the remote node
* and consider staying local .
*/
if ((sd->flags & SD_NUMA) &&
((idlest_sgs.avg_load + imbalance) >= local_sgs.avg_load))
return NULL;
/*
* If the local group is less loaded than the selected
* idlest group don ' t try and push any tasks .
*/
if (idlest_sgs.avg_load >= (local_sgs.avg_load + imbalance))
return NULL;
if (100 * local_sgs.avg_load <= sd->imbalance_pct * idlest_sgs.avg_load)
return NULL;
break ;
case group_imbalanced:
case group_asym_packing:
case group_smt_balance:
/* Those type are not used in the slow wakeup path */
return NULL;
case group_misfit_task:
/* Select group with the highest max capacity */
if (local->sgc->max_capacity >= idlest->sgc->max_capacity)
return NULL;
break ;
case group_has_spare:
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
if (sd->flags & SD_NUMA) {
int imb_numa_nr = sd->imb_numa_nr;
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
int idlest_cpu;
/*
* If there is spare capacity at NUMA , try to select
* the preferred node
*/
if (cpu_to_node(this_cpu) == p->numa_preferred_nid)
return NULL;
idlest_cpu = cpumask_first(sched_group_span(idlest));
if (cpu_to_node(idlest_cpu) == p->numa_preferred_nid)
return idlest;
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
/*
* Otherwise , keep the task close to the wakeup source
* and improve locality if the number of running tasks
* would remain below threshold where an imbalance is
* allowed while accounting for the possibility the
* task is pinned to a subset of CPUs . If there is a
* real need of migration , periodic load balance will
* take care of it .
*/
if (p->nr_cpus_allowed != NR_CPUS) {
struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
cpumask_and(cpus, sched_group_span(local), p->cpus_ptr);
imb_numa_nr = min(cpumask_weight(cpus), sd->imb_numa_nr);
}
imbalance = abs(local_sgs.idle_cpus - idlest_sgs.idle_cpus);
if (!adjust_numa_imbalance(imbalance,
local_sgs.sum_nr_running + 1 ,
imb_numa_nr)) {
return NULL;
}
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
/*
* Select group with highest number of idle CPUs . We could also
* compare the utilization which is more stable but it can end
* up that the group has less spare capacity but finally more
* idle CPUs which means more opportunity to run task .
*/
if (local_sgs.idle_cpus >= idlest_sgs.idle_cpus)
return NULL;
break ;
}
return idlest;
}
static void update_idle_cpu_scan(struct lb_env *env,
unsigned long sum_util)
{
struct sched_domain_shared *sd_share;
int llc_weight, pct;
u64 x, y, tmp;
/*
* Update the number of CPUs to scan in LLC domain , which could
* be used as a hint in select_idle_cpu ( ) . The update of sd_share
* could be expensive because it is within a shared cache line .
* So the write of this hint only occurs during periodic load
* balancing , rather than CPU_NEWLY_IDLE , because the latter
* can fire way more frequently than the former .
*/
if (!sched_feat(SIS_UTIL) || env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE)
return ;
llc_weight = per_cpu(sd_llc_size, env->dst_cpu);
if (env->sd->span_weight != llc_weight)
return ;
sd_share = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, env->dst_cpu));
if (!sd_share)
return ;
/*
* The number of CPUs to search drops as sum_util increases , when
* sum_util hits 85 % or above , the scan stops .
* The reason to choose 85 % as the threshold is because this is the
* imbalance_pct ( 117 ) when a LLC sched group is overloaded .
*
* let y = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE - p * x ^ 2 [ 1 ]
* and y ' = y / SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE
*
* x is the ratio of sum_util compared to the CPU capacity :
* x = sum_util / ( llc_weight * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE )
* y ' is the ratio of CPUs to be scanned in the LLC domain ,
* and the number of CPUs to scan is calculated by :
*
* nr_scan = llc_weight * y ' [ 2 ]
*
* When x hits the threshold of overloaded , AKA , when
* x = 100 / pct , y drops to 0 . According to [ 1 ] ,
* p should be SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE * pct ^ 2 / 10000
*
* Scale x by SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE :
* x ' = sum_util / llc_weight ; [ 3 ]
*
* and finally [ 1 ] becomes :
* y = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE -
* x ' ^ 2 * pct ^ 2 / ( 10000 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE ) [ 4 ]
*
*/
/* equation [3] */
x = sum_util;
do_div(x, llc_weight);
/* equation [4] */
pct = env->sd->imbalance_pct;
tmp = x * x * pct * pct;
do_div(tmp, 10000 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
tmp = min_t(long , tmp, SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
y = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE - tmp;
/* equation [2] */
y *= llc_weight;
do_div(y, SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
if ((int )y != sd_share->nr_idle_scan)
WRITE_ONCE(sd_share->nr_idle_scan, (int )y);
}
/**
* update_sd_lb_stats - Update sched_domain ' s statistics for load balancing .
* @ env : The load balancing environment .
* @ sds : variable to hold the statistics for this sched_domain .
*/
static inline void update_sd_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
{
struct sched_group *sg = env->sd->groups;
struct sg_lb_stats *local = &sds->local_stat;
struct sg_lb_stats tmp_sgs;
unsigned long sum_util = 0 ;
bool sg_overloaded = 0 , sg_overutilized = 0 ;
do {
struct sg_lb_stats *sgs = &tmp_sgs;
int local_group;
local_group = cpumask_test_cpu(env->dst_cpu, sched_group_span(sg));
if (local_group) {
sds->local = sg;
sgs = local;
if (env->idle != CPU_NEWLY_IDLE ||
time_after_eq(jiffies, sg->sgc->next_update))
update_group_capacity(env->sd, env->dst_cpu);
}
update_sg_lb_stats(env, sds, sg, sgs, &sg_overloaded, &sg_overutilized);
if (!local_group && update_sd_pick_busiest(env, sds, sg, sgs)) {
sds->busiest = sg;
sds->busiest_stat = *sgs;
}
/* Now, start updating sd_lb_stats */
sds->total_load += sgs->group_load;
sds->total_capacity += sgs->group_capacity;
sum_util += sgs->group_util;
sg = sg->next;
} while (sg != env->sd->groups);
/*
* Indicate that the child domain of the busiest group prefers tasks
* go to a child ' s sibling domains first . NB the flags of a sched group
* are those of the child domain .
*/
if (sds->busiest)
sds->prefer_sibling = !!(sds->busiest->flags & SD_PREFER_SIBLING);
if (env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA)
env->fbq_type = fbq_classify_group(&sds->busiest_stat);
if (!env->sd->parent) {
/* update overload indicator if we are at root domain */
set_rd_overloaded(env->dst_rq->rd, sg_overloaded);
/* Update over-utilization (tipping point, U >= 0) indicator */
set_rd_overutilized(env->dst_rq->rd, sg_overutilized);
} else if (sg_overutilized) {
set_rd_overutilized(env->dst_rq->rd, sg_overutilized);
}
update_idle_cpu_scan(env, sum_util);
}
/**
* calculate_imbalance - Calculate the amount of imbalance present within the
* groups of a given sched_domain during load balance .
* @ env : load balance environment
* @ sds : statistics of the sched_domain whose imbalance is to be calculated .
*/
static inline void calculate_imbalance(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
{
struct sg_lb_stats *local, *busiest;
local = &sds->local_stat;
busiest = &sds->busiest_stat;
if (busiest->group_type == group_misfit_task) {
if (env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) {
/* Set imbalance to allow misfit tasks to be balanced. */
env->migration_type = migrate_misfit;
env->imbalance = 1 ;
} else {
/*
* Set load imbalance to allow moving task from cpu
* with reduced capacity .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_load;
env->imbalance = busiest->group_misfit_task_load;
}
return ;
}
if (busiest->group_type == group_asym_packing) {
/*
* In case of asym capacity , we will try to migrate all load to
* the preferred CPU .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_task;
env->imbalance = busiest->sum_h_nr_running;
return ;
}
if (busiest->group_type == group_smt_balance) {
/* Reduce number of tasks sharing CPU capacity */
env->migration_type = migrate_task;
env->imbalance = 1 ;
return ;
}
if (busiest->group_type == group_imbalanced) {
/*
* In the group_imb case we cannot rely on group - wide averages
* to ensure CPU - load equilibrium , try to move any task to fix
* the imbalance . The next load balance will take care of
* balancing back the system .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_task;
env->imbalance = 1 ;
return ;
}
/*
* Try to use spare capacity of local group without overloading it or
* emptying busiest .
*/
if (local->group_type == group_has_spare) {
if ((busiest->group_type > group_fully_busy) &&
!(env->sd->flags & SD_SHARE_LLC)) {
/*
* If busiest is overloaded , try to fill spare
* capacity . This might end up creating spare capacity
* in busiest or busiest still being overloaded but
* there is no simple way to directly compute the
* amount of load to migrate in order to balance the
* system .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_util;
env->imbalance = max(local->group_capacity, local->group_util) -
local->group_util;
/*
* In some cases , the group ' s utilization is max or even
* higher than capacity because of migrations but the
* local CPU is ( newly ) idle . There is at least one
* waiting task in this overloaded busiest group . Let ' s
* try to pull it .
*/
if (env->idle && env->imbalance == 0 ) {
env->migration_type = migrate_task;
env->imbalance = 1 ;
}
return ;
}
if (busiest->group_weight == 1 || sds->prefer_sibling) {
/*
* When prefer sibling , evenly spread running tasks on
* groups .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_task;
env->imbalance = sibling_imbalance(env, sds, busiest, local);
} else {
/*
* If there is no overload , we just want to even the number of
* idle CPUs .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_task;
env->imbalance = max_t(long , 0 ,
(local->idle_cpus - busiest->idle_cpus));
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
/* Consider allowing a small imbalance between NUMA groups */
if (env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA) {
env->imbalance = adjust_numa_imbalance(env->imbalance,
local->sum_nr_running + 1 ,
env->sd->imb_numa_nr);
}
#endif
/* Number of tasks to move to restore balance */
env->imbalance >>= 1 ;
return ;
}
/*
* Local is fully busy but has to take more load to relieve the
* busiest group
*/
if (local->group_type < group_overloaded) {
/*
* Local will become overloaded so the avg_load metrics are
* finally needed .
*/
local->avg_load = (local->group_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
local->group_capacity;
/*
* If the local group is more loaded than the selected
* busiest group don ' t try to pull any tasks .
*/
if (local->avg_load >= busiest->avg_load) {
env->imbalance = 0 ;
return ;
}
sds->avg_load = (sds->total_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
sds->total_capacity;
/*
* If the local group is more loaded than the average system
* load , don ' t try to pull any tasks .
*/
if (local->avg_load >= sds->avg_load) {
env->imbalance = 0 ;
return ;
}
}
/*
* Both group are or will become overloaded and we ' re trying to get all
* the CPUs to the average_load , so we don ' t want to push ourselves
* above the average load , nor do we wish to reduce the max loaded CPU
* below the average load . At the same time , we also don ' t want to
* reduce the group load below the group capacity . Thus we look for
* the minimum possible imbalance .
*/
env->migration_type = migrate_load;
env->imbalance = min(
(busiest->avg_load - sds->avg_load) * busiest->group_capacity,
(sds->avg_load - local->avg_load) * local->group_capacity
) / SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE;
}
/******* sched_balance_find_src_group() helpers end here *********************/
/*
* Decision matrix according to the local and busiest group type :
*
* busiest \ local has_spare fully_busy misfit asym imbalanced overloaded
* has_spare nr_idle balanced N / A N / A balanced balanced
* fully_busy nr_idle nr_idle N / A N / A balanced balanced
* misfit_task force N / A N / A N / A N / A N / A
* asym_packing force force N / A N / A force force
* imbalanced force force N / A N / A force force
* overloaded force force N / A N / A force avg_load
*
* N / A : Not Applicable because already filtered while updating
* statistics .
* balanced : The system is balanced for these 2 groups .
* force : Calculate the imbalance as load migration is probably needed .
* avg_load : Only if imbalance is significant enough .
* nr_idle : dst_cpu is not busy and the number of idle CPUs is quite
* different in groups .
*/
/**
* sched_balance_find_src_group - Returns the busiest group within the sched_domain
* if there is an imbalance .
* @ env : The load balancing environment .
*
* Also calculates the amount of runnable load which should be moved
* to restore balance .
*
* Return : - The busiest group if imbalance exists .
*/
static struct sched_group *sched_balance_find_src_group(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct sg_lb_stats *local, *busiest;
struct sd_lb_stats sds;
init_sd_lb_stats(&sds);
/*
* Compute the various statistics relevant for load balancing at
* this level .
*/
update_sd_lb_stats(env, &sds);
/* There is no busy sibling group to pull tasks from */
if (!sds.busiest)
goto out_balanced;
busiest = &sds.busiest_stat;
/* Misfit tasks should be dealt with regardless of the avg load */
if (busiest->group_type == group_misfit_task)
goto force_balance;
if (!is_rd_overutilized(env->dst_rq->rd) &&
rcu_dereference(env->dst_rq->rd->pd))
goto out_balanced;
/* ASYM feature bypasses nice load balance check */
if (busiest->group_type == group_asym_packing)
goto force_balance;
/*
* If the busiest group is imbalanced the below checks don ' t
* work because they assume all things are equal , which typically
* isn ' t true due to cpus_ptr constraints and the like .
*/
if (busiest->group_type == group_imbalanced)
goto force_balance;
local = &sds.local_stat;
/*
* If the local group is busier than the selected busiest group
* don ' t try and pull any tasks .
*/
if (local->group_type > busiest->group_type)
goto out_balanced;
/*
* When groups are overloaded , use the avg_load to ensure fairness
* between tasks .
*/
if (local->group_type == group_overloaded) {
/*
* If the local group is more loaded than the selected
* busiest group don ' t try to pull any tasks .
*/
if (local->avg_load >= busiest->avg_load)
goto out_balanced;
/* XXX broken for overlapping NUMA groups */
sds.avg_load = (sds.total_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
sds.total_capacity;
/*
* Don ' t pull any tasks if this group is already above the
* domain average load .
*/
if (local->avg_load >= sds.avg_load)
goto out_balanced;
/*
* If the busiest group is more loaded , use imbalance_pct to be
* conservative .
*/
if (100 * busiest->avg_load <=
env->sd->imbalance_pct * local->avg_load)
goto out_balanced;
}
/*
* Try to move all excess tasks to a sibling domain of the busiest
* group ' s child domain .
*/
if (sds.prefer_sibling && local->group_type == group_has_spare &&
sibling_imbalance(env, &sds, busiest, local) > 1 )
goto force_balance;
if (busiest->group_type != group_overloaded) {
if (!env->idle) {
/*
* If the busiest group is not overloaded ( and as a
* result the local one too ) but this CPU is already
* busy , let another idle CPU try to pull task .
*/
goto out_balanced;
}
if (busiest->group_type == group_smt_balance &&
smt_vs_nonsmt_groups(sds.local, sds.busiest)) {
/* Let non SMT CPU pull from SMT CPU sharing with sibling */
goto force_balance;
}
if (busiest->group_weight > 1 &&
local->idle_cpus <= (busiest->idle_cpus + 1 )) {
/*
* If the busiest group is not overloaded
* and there is no imbalance between this and busiest
* group wrt idle CPUs , it is balanced . The imbalance
* becomes significant if the diff is greater than 1
* otherwise we might end up to just move the imbalance
* on another group . Of course this applies only if
* there is more than 1 CPU per group .
*/
goto out_balanced;
}
if (busiest->sum_h_nr_running == 1 ) {
/*
* busiest doesn ' t have any tasks waiting to run
*/
goto out_balanced;
}
}
force_balance:
/* Looks like there is an imbalance. Compute it */
calculate_imbalance(env, &sds);
return env->imbalance ? sds.busiest : NULL;
out_balanced:
env->imbalance = 0 ;
return NULL;
}
/*
* sched_balance_find_src_rq - find the busiest runqueue among the CPUs in the group .
*/
static struct rq *sched_balance_find_src_rq(struct lb_env *env,
struct sched_group *group)
{
struct rq *busiest = NULL, *rq;
unsigned long busiest_util = 0 , busiest_load = 0 , busiest_capacity = 1 ;
unsigned int busiest_nr = 0 ;
int i;
for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_group_span(group), env->cpus) {
unsigned long capacity, load, util;
unsigned int nr_running;
enum fbq_type rt;
rq = cpu_rq(i);
rt = fbq_classify_rq(rq);
/*
* We classify groups / runqueues into three groups :
* - regular : there are ! numa tasks
* - remote : there are numa tasks that run on the ' wrong ' node
* - all : there is no distinction
*
* In order to avoid migrating ideally placed numa tasks ,
* ignore those when there ' s better options .
*
* If we ignore the actual busiest queue to migrate another
* task , the next balance pass can still reduce the busiest
* queue by moving tasks around inside the node .
*
* If we cannot move enough load due to this classification
* the next pass will adjust the group classification and
* allow migration of more tasks .
*
* Both cases only affect the total convergence complexity .
*/
if (rt > env->fbq_type)
continue ;
nr_running = rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable;
if (!nr_running)
continue ;
capacity = capacity_of(i);
/*
* For ASYM_CPUCAPACITY domains , don ' t pick a CPU that could
* eventually lead to active_balancing high - > low capacity .
* Higher per - CPU capacity is considered better than balancing
* average load .
*/
if (env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY &&
!capacity_greater(capacity_of(env->dst_cpu), capacity) &&
nr_running == 1 )
continue ;
/*
* Make sure we only pull tasks from a CPU of lower priority
* when balancing between SMT siblings .
*
* If balancing between cores , let lower priority CPUs help
* SMT cores with more than one busy sibling .
*/
if (sched_asym(env->sd, i, env->dst_cpu) && nr_running == 1 )
continue ;
switch (env->migration_type) {
case migrate_load:
/*
* When comparing with load imbalance , use cpu_load ( )
* which is not scaled with the CPU capacity .
*/
load = cpu_load(rq);
if (nr_running == 1 && load > env->imbalance &&
!check_cpu_capacity(rq, env->sd))
break ;
/*
* For the load comparisons with the other CPUs ,
* consider the cpu_load ( ) scaled with the CPU
* capacity , so that the load can be moved away
* from the CPU that is potentially running at a
* lower capacity .
*
* Thus we ' re looking for max ( load_i / capacity_i ) ,
* crosswise multiplication to rid ourselves of the
* division works out to :
* load_i * capacity_j > load_j * capacity_i ;
* where j is our previous maximum .
*/
if (load * busiest_capacity > busiest_load * capacity) {
busiest_load = load;
busiest_capacity = capacity;
busiest = rq;
}
break ;
case migrate_util:
util = cpu_util_cfs_boost(i);
/*
* Don ' t try to pull utilization from a CPU with one
* running task . Whatever its utilization , we will fail
* detach the task .
*/
if (nr_running <= 1 )
continue ;
if (busiest_util < util) {
busiest_util = util;
busiest = rq;
}
break ;
case migrate_task:
if (busiest_nr < nr_running) {
busiest_nr = nr_running;
busiest = rq;
}
break ;
case migrate_misfit:
/*
* For ASYM_CPUCAPACITY domains with misfit tasks we
* simply seek the " biggest " misfit task .
*/
if (rq->misfit_task_load > busiest_load) {
busiest_load = rq->misfit_task_load;
busiest = rq;
}
break ;
}
}
return busiest;
}
/*
* Max backoff if we encounter pinned tasks . Pretty arbitrary value , but
* so long as it is large enough .
*/
#define MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL 512
static inline bool
asym_active_balance(struct lb_env *env)
{
/*
* ASYM_PACKING needs to force migrate tasks from busy but lower
* priority CPUs in order to pack all tasks in the highest priority
* CPUs . When done between cores , do it only if the whole core if the
* whole core is idle .
*
* If @ env : : src_cpu is an SMT core with busy siblings , let
* the lower priority @ env : : dst_cpu help it . Do not follow
* CPU priority .
*/
return env->idle && sched_use_asym_prio(env->sd, env->dst_cpu) &&
(sched_asym_prefer(env->dst_cpu, env->src_cpu) ||
!sched_use_asym_prio(env->sd, env->src_cpu));
}
static inline bool
imbalanced_active_balance(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct sched_domain *sd = env->sd;
/*
* The imbalanced case includes the case of pinned tasks preventing a fair
* distribution of the load on the system but also the even distribution of the
* threads on a system with spare capacity
*/
if ((env->migration_type == migrate_task) &&
(sd->nr_balance_failed > sd->cache_nice_tries+2 ))
return 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
static int need_active_balance(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct sched_domain *sd = env->sd;
if (asym_active_balance(env))
return 1 ;
if (imbalanced_active_balance(env))
return 1 ;
/*
* The dst_cpu is idle and the src_cpu CPU has only 1 CFS task .
* It ' s worth migrating the task if the src_cpu ' s capacity is reduced
* because of other sched_class or IRQs if more capacity stays
* available on dst_cpu .
*/
if (env->idle &&
(env->src_rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable == 1 )) {
if ((check_cpu_capacity(env->src_rq, sd)) &&
(capacity_of(env->src_cpu)*sd->imbalance_pct < capacity_of(env->dst_cpu)*100 ))
return 1 ;
}
if (env->migration_type == migrate_misfit)
return 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
static int active_load_balance_cpu_stop(void *data);
static int should_we_balance(struct lb_env *env)
{
struct cpumask *swb_cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(should_we_balance_tmpmask);
struct sched_group *sg = env->sd->groups;
int cpu, idle_smt = -1 ;
/*
* Ensure the balancing environment is consistent ; can happen
* when the softirq triggers ' during ' hotplug .
*/
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(env->dst_cpu, env->cpus))
return 0 ;
/*
* In the newly idle case , we will allow all the CPUs
* to do the newly idle load balance .
*
* However , we bail out if we already have tasks or a wakeup pending ,
* to optimize wakeup latency .
*/
if (env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE) {
if (env->dst_rq->nr_running > 0 || env->dst_rq->ttwu_pending)
return 0 ;
return 1 ;
}
cpumask_copy(swb_cpus, group_balance_mask(sg));
/* Try to find first idle CPU */
for_each_cpu_and(cpu, swb_cpus, env->cpus) {
if (!idle_cpu(cpu))
continue ;
/*
* Don ' t balance to idle SMT in busy core right away when
* balancing cores , but remember the first idle SMT CPU for
* later consideration . Find CPU on an idle core first .
*/
if (!(env->sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY) && !is_core_idle(cpu)) {
if (idle_smt == -1 )
idle_smt = cpu;
/*
* If the core is not idle , and first SMT sibling which is
* idle has been found , then its not needed to check other
* SMT siblings for idleness :
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
cpumask_andnot(swb_cpus, swb_cpus, cpu_smt_mask(cpu));
#endif
continue ;
}
/*
* Are we the first idle core in a non - SMT domain or higher ,
* or the first idle CPU in a SMT domain ?
*/
return cpu == env->dst_cpu;
}
/* Are we the first idle CPU with busy siblings? */
if (idle_smt != -1 )
return idle_smt == env->dst_cpu;
/* Are we the first CPU of this group ? */
return group_balance_cpu(sg) == env->dst_cpu;
}
static void update_lb_imbalance_stat(struct lb_env *env, struct sched_domain *sd,
enum cpu_idle_type idle)
{
if (!schedstat_enabled())
return ;
switch (env->migration_type) {
case migrate_load:
__schedstat_add(sd->lb_imbalance_load[idle], env->imbalance);
break ;
case migrate_util:
__schedstat_add(sd->lb_imbalance_util[idle], env->imbalance);
break ;
case migrate_task:
__schedstat_add(sd->lb_imbalance_task[idle], env->imbalance);
break ;
case migrate_misfit:
__schedstat_add(sd->lb_imbalance_misfit[idle], env->imbalance);
break ;
}
}
/*
* Check this_cpu to ensure it is balanced within domain . Attempt to move
* tasks if there is an imbalance .
*/
static int sched_balance_rq(int this_cpu, struct rq *this_rq,
struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
int *continue_balancing)
{
int ld_moved, cur_ld_moved, active_balance = 0 ;
struct sched_domain *sd_parent = sd->parent;
struct sched_group *group;
struct rq *busiest;
struct rq_flags rf;
struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(load_balance_mask);
struct lb_env env = {
.sd = sd,
.dst_cpu = this_cpu,
.dst_rq = this_rq,
.dst_grpmask = group_balance_mask(sd->groups),
.idle = idle,
.loop_break = SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK,
.cpus = cpus,
.fbq_type = all,
.tasks = LIST_HEAD_INIT(env.tasks),
};
cpumask_and(cpus, sched_domain_span(sd), cpu_active_mask);
schedstat_inc(sd->lb_count[idle]);
redo:
if (!should_we_balance(&env)) {
*continue_balancing = 0 ;
goto out_balanced;
}
group = sched_balance_find_src_group(&env);
if (!group) {
schedstat_inc(sd->lb_nobusyg[idle]);
goto out_balanced;
}
busiest = sched_balance_find_src_rq(&env, group);
if (!busiest) {
schedstat_inc(sd->lb_nobusyq[idle]);
goto out_balanced;
}
WARN_ON_ONCE(busiest == env.dst_rq);
update_lb_imbalance_stat(&env, sd, idle);
env.src_cpu = busiest->cpu;
env.src_rq = busiest;
ld_moved = 0 ;
/* Clear this flag as soon as we find a pullable task */
env.flags |= LBF_ALL_PINNED;
if (busiest->nr_running > 1 ) {
/*
* Attempt to move tasks . If sched_balance_find_src_group has found
* an imbalance but busiest - > nr_running < = 1 , the group is
* still unbalanced . ld_moved simply stays zero , so it is
* correctly treated as an imbalance .
*/
env.loop_max = min(sysctl_sched_nr_migrate, busiest->nr_running);
more_balance:
rq_lock_irqsave(busiest, &rf);
update_rq_clock(busiest);
/*
* cur_ld_moved - load moved in current iteration
* ld_moved - cumulative load moved across iterations
*/
cur_ld_moved = detach_tasks(&env);
/*
* We ' ve detached some tasks from busiest_rq . Every
* task is masked " TASK_ON_RQ_MIGRATING " , so we can safely
* unlock busiest - > lock , and we are able to be sure
* that nobody can manipulate the tasks in parallel .
* See task_rq_lock ( ) family for the details .
*/
rq_unlock(busiest, &rf);
if (cur_ld_moved) {
attach_tasks(&env);
ld_moved += cur_ld_moved;
}
local_irq_restore(rf.flags);
if (env.flags & LBF_NEED_BREAK) {
env.flags &= ~LBF_NEED_BREAK;
goto more_balance;
}
/*
* Revisit ( affine ) tasks on src_cpu that couldn ' t be moved to
* us and move them to an alternate dst_cpu in our sched_group
* where they can run . The upper limit on how many times we
* iterate on same src_cpu is dependent on number of CPUs in our
* sched_group .
*
* This changes load balance semantics a bit on who can move
* load to a given_cpu . In addition to the given_cpu itself
* ( or a ilb_cpu acting on its behalf where given_cpu is
* nohz - idle ) , we now have balance_cpu in a position to move
* load to given_cpu . In rare situations , this may cause
* conflicts ( balance_cpu and given_cpu / ilb_cpu deciding
* _ independently_ and at _ same_ time to move some load to
* given_cpu ) causing excess load to be moved to given_cpu .
* This however should not happen so much in practice and
* moreover subsequent load balance cycles should correct the
* excess load moved .
*/
if ((env.flags & LBF_DST_PINNED) && env.imbalance > 0 ) {
/* Prevent to re-select dst_cpu via env's CPUs */
__cpumask_clear_cpu(env.dst_cpu, env.cpus);
env.dst_rq = cpu_rq(env.new_dst_cpu);
env.dst_cpu = env.new_dst_cpu;
env.flags &= ~LBF_DST_PINNED;
env.loop = 0 ;
env.loop_break = SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK;
/*
* Go back to " more_balance " rather than " redo " since we
* need to continue with same src_cpu .
*/
goto more_balance;
}
/*
* We failed to reach balance because of affinity .
*/
if (sd_parent) {
int *group_imbalance = &sd_parent->groups->sgc->imbalance;
if ((env.flags & LBF_SOME_PINNED) && env.imbalance > 0 )
*group_imbalance = 1 ;
}
/* All tasks on this runqueue were pinned by CPU affinity */
if (unlikely(env.flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED)) {
__cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu_of(busiest), cpus);
/*
* Attempting to continue load balancing at the current
* sched_domain level only makes sense if there are
* active CPUs remaining as possible busiest CPUs to
* pull load from which are not contained within the
* destination group that is receiving any migrated
* load .
*/
if (!cpumask_subset(cpus, env.dst_grpmask)) {
env.loop = 0 ;
env.loop_break = SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK;
goto redo;
}
goto out_all_pinned;
}
}
if (!ld_moved) {
schedstat_inc(sd->lb_failed[idle]);
/*
* Increment the failure counter only on periodic balance .
* We do not want newidle balance , which can be very
* frequent , pollute the failure counter causing
* excessive cache_hot migrations and active balances .
*
* Similarly for migration_misfit which is not related to
* load / util migration , don ' t pollute nr_balance_failed .
*/
if (idle != CPU_NEWLY_IDLE &&
env.migration_type != migrate_misfit)
sd->nr_balance_failed++;
if (need_active_balance(&env)) {
unsigned long flags;
raw_spin_rq_lock_irqsave(busiest, flags);
/*
* Don ' t kick the active_load_balance_cpu_stop ,
* if the curr task on busiest CPU can ' t be
* moved to this_cpu :
*/
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(this_cpu, busiest->curr->cpus_ptr)) {
raw_spin_rq_unlock_irqrestore(busiest, flags);
goto out_one_pinned;
}
/* Record that we found at least one task that could run on this_cpu */
env.flags &= ~LBF_ALL_PINNED;
/*
* - > active_balance synchronizes accesses to
* - > active_balance_work . Once set , it ' s cleared
* only after active load balance is finished .
*/
if (!busiest->active_balance) {
busiest->active_balance = 1 ;
busiest->push_cpu = this_cpu;
active_balance = 1 ;
}
preempt_disable();
raw_spin_rq_unlock_irqrestore(busiest, flags);
if (active_balance) {
stop_one_cpu_nowait(cpu_of(busiest),
active_load_balance_cpu_stop, busiest,
&busiest->active_balance_work);
}
preempt_enable();
}
} else {
sd->nr_balance_failed = 0 ;
}
if (likely(!active_balance) || need_active_balance(&env)) {
/* We were unbalanced, so reset the balancing interval */
sd->balance_interval = sd->min_interval;
}
goto out;
out_balanced:
/*
* We reach balance although we may have faced some affinity
* constraints . Clear the imbalance flag only if other tasks got
* a chance to move and fix the imbalance .
*/
if (sd_parent && !(env.flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED)) {
int *group_imbalance = &sd_parent->groups->sgc->imbalance;
if (*group_imbalance)
*group_imbalance = 0 ;
}
out_all_pinned:
/*
* We reach balance because all tasks are pinned at this level so
* we can ' t migrate them . Let the imbalance flag set so parent level
* can try to migrate them .
*/
schedstat_inc(sd->lb_balanced[idle]);
sd->nr_balance_failed = 0 ;
out_one_pinned:
ld_moved = 0 ;
/*
* sched_balance_newidle ( ) disregards balance intervals , so we could
* repeatedly reach this code , which would lead to balance_interval
* skyrocketing in a short amount of time . Skip the balance_interval
* increase logic to avoid that .
*
* Similarly misfit migration which is not necessarily an indication of
* the system being busy and requires lb to backoff to let it settle
* down .
*/
if (env.idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE ||
env.migration_type == migrate_misfit)
goto out;
/* tune up the balancing interval */
if ((env.flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED &&
sd->balance_interval < MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL) ||
sd->balance_interval < sd->max_interval)
sd->balance_interval *= 2 ;
out:
return ld_moved;
}
static inline unsigned long
get_sd_balance_interval(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu_busy)
{
unsigned long interval = sd->balance_interval;
if (cpu_busy)
interval *= sd->busy_factor;
/* scale ms to jiffies */
interval = msecs_to_jiffies(interval);
/*
* Reduce likelihood of busy balancing at higher domains racing with
* balancing at lower domains by preventing their balancing periods
* from being multiples of each other .
*/
if (cpu_busy)
interval -= 1 ;
interval = clamp(interval, 1 UL, max_load_balance_interval);
return interval;
}
static inline void
update_next_balance(struct sched_domain *sd, unsigned long *next_balance)
{
unsigned long interval, next;
/* used by idle balance, so cpu_busy = 0 */
interval = get_sd_balance_interval(sd, 0 );
next = sd->last_balance + interval;
if (time_after(*next_balance, next))
*next_balance = next;
}
/*
* active_load_balance_cpu_stop is run by the CPU stopper . It pushes
* running tasks off the busiest CPU onto idle CPUs . It requires at
* least 1 task to be running on each physical CPU where possible , and
* avoids physical / logical imbalances .
*/
static int active_load_balance_cpu_stop(void *data)
{
struct rq *busiest_rq = data;
int busiest_cpu = cpu_of(busiest_rq);
int target_cpu = busiest_rq->push_cpu;
struct rq *target_rq = cpu_rq(target_cpu);
struct sched_domain *sd;
struct task_struct *p = NULL;
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock_irq(busiest_rq, &rf);
/*
* Between queueing the stop - work and running it is a hole in which
* CPUs can become inactive . We should not move tasks from or to
* inactive CPUs .
*/
if (!cpu_active(busiest_cpu) || !cpu_active(target_cpu))
goto out_unlock;
/* Make sure the requested CPU hasn't gone down in the meantime: */
if (unlikely(busiest_cpu != smp_processor_id() ||
!busiest_rq->active_balance))
goto out_unlock;
/* Is there any task to move? */
if (busiest_rq->nr_running <= 1 )
goto out_unlock;
/*
* This condition is " impossible " , if it occurs
* we need to fix it . Originally reported by
* Bjorn Helgaas on a 128 - CPU setup .
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(busiest_rq == target_rq);
/* Search for an sd spanning us and the target CPU. */
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_domain(target_cpu, sd) {
if (cpumask_test_cpu(busiest_cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
break ;
}
if (likely(sd)) {
struct lb_env env = {
.sd = sd,
.dst_cpu = target_cpu,
.dst_rq = target_rq,
.src_cpu = busiest_rq->cpu,
.src_rq = busiest_rq,
.idle = CPU_IDLE,
.flags = LBF_ACTIVE_LB,
};
schedstat_inc(sd->alb_count);
update_rq_clock(busiest_rq);
p = detach_one_task(&env);
if (p) {
schedstat_inc(sd->alb_pushed);
/* Active balancing done, reset the failure counter. */
sd->nr_balance_failed = 0 ;
} else {
schedstat_inc(sd->alb_failed);
}
}
rcu_read_unlock();
out_unlock:
busiest_rq->active_balance = 0 ;
rq_unlock(busiest_rq, &rf);
if (p)
attach_one_task(target_rq, p);
local_irq_enable();
return 0 ;
}
/*
* This flag serializes load - balancing passes over large domains
* ( above the NODE topology level ) - only one load - balancing instance
* may run at a time , to reduce overhead on very large systems with
* lots of CPUs and large NUMA distances .
*
* - Note that load - balancing passes triggered while another one
* is executing are skipped and not re - tried .
*
* - Also note that this does not serialize rebalance_domains ( )
* execution , as non - SD_SERIALIZE domains will still be
* load - balanced in parallel .
*/
static atomic_t sched_balance_running = ATOMIC_INIT(0 );
/*
* Scale the max sched_balance_rq interval with the number of CPUs in the system .
* This trades load - balance latency on larger machines for less cross talk .
*/
void update_max_interval(void )
{
max_load_balance_interval = HZ*num_online_cpus()/10 ;
}
static inline bool update_newidle_cost(struct sched_domain *sd, u64 cost)
{
if (cost > sd->max_newidle_lb_cost) {
/*
* Track max cost of a domain to make sure to not delay the
* next wakeup on the CPU .
*
* sched_balance_newidle ( ) bumps the cost whenever newidle
* balance fails , and we don ' t want things to grow out of
* control . Use the sysctl_sched_migration_cost as the upper
* limit , plus a litle extra to avoid off by ones .
*/
sd->max_newidle_lb_cost =
min(cost, sysctl_sched_migration_cost + 200 );
sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost = jiffies;
} else if (time_after(jiffies, sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost + HZ)) {
/*
* Decay the newidle max times by ~ 1 % per second to ensure that
* it is not outdated and the current max cost is actually
* shorter .
*/
sd->max_newidle_lb_cost = (sd->max_newidle_lb_cost * 253 ) / 256 ;
sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost = jiffies;
return true ;
}
return false ;
}
/*
* It checks each scheduling domain to see if it is due to be balanced ,
* and initiates a balancing operation if so .
*
* Balancing parameters are set up in init_sched_domains .
*/
static void sched_balance_domains(struct rq *rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
{
int continue_balancing = 1 ;
int cpu = rq->cpu;
int busy = idle != CPU_IDLE && !sched_idle_cpu(cpu);
unsigned long interval;
struct sched_domain *sd;
/* Earliest time when we have to do rebalance again */
unsigned long next_balance = jiffies + 60 *HZ;
int update_next_balance = 0 ;
int need_serialize, need_decay = 0 ;
u64 max_cost = 0 ;
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_domain(cpu, sd) {
/*
* Decay the newidle max times here because this is a regular
* visit to all the domains .
*/
need_decay = update_newidle_cost(sd, 0 );
max_cost += sd->max_newidle_lb_cost;
/*
* Stop the load balance at this level . There is another
* CPU in our sched group which is doing load balancing more
* actively .
*/
if (!continue_balancing) {
if (need_decay)
continue ;
break ;
}
interval = get_sd_balance_interval(sd, busy);
need_serialize = sd->flags & SD_SERIALIZE;
if (need_serialize) {
if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(&sched_balance_running, 0 , 1 ))
goto out;
}
if (time_after_eq(jiffies, sd->last_balance + interval)) {
if (sched_balance_rq(cpu, rq, sd, idle, &continue_balancing)) {
/*
* The LBF_DST_PINNED logic could have changed
* env - > dst_cpu , so we can ' t know our idle
* state even if we migrated tasks . Update it .
*/
idle = idle_cpu(cpu);
busy = !idle && !sched_idle_cpu(cpu);
}
sd->last_balance = jiffies;
interval = get_sd_balance_interval(sd, busy);
}
if (need_serialize)
atomic_set_release(&sched_balance_running, 0 );
out:
if (time_after(next_balance, sd->last_balance + interval)) {
next_balance = sd->last_balance + interval;
update_next_balance = 1 ;
}
}
if (need_decay) {
/*
* Ensure the rq - wide value also decays but keep it at a
* reasonable floor to avoid funnies with rq - > avg_idle .
*/
rq->max_idle_balance_cost =
max((u64)sysctl_sched_migration_cost, max_cost);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
/*
* next_balance will be updated only when there is a need .
* When the cpu is attached to null domain for ex , it will not be
* updated .
*/
if (likely(update_next_balance))
rq->next_balance = next_balance;
}
static inline int on_null_domain(struct rq *rq)
{
return unlikely(!rcu_dereference_sched(rq->sd));
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
/*
* NOHZ idle load balancing ( ILB ) details :
*
* - When one of the busy CPUs notices that there may be an idle rebalancing
* needed , they will kick the idle load balancer , which then does idle
* load balancing for all the idle CPUs .
*/
static inline int find_new_ilb(void )
{
const struct cpumask *hk_mask;
int ilb_cpu;
hk_mask = housekeeping_cpumask(HK_TYPE_KERNEL_NOISE);
for_each_cpu_and(ilb_cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask, hk_mask) {
if (ilb_cpu == smp_processor_id())
continue ;
if (idle_cpu(ilb_cpu))
return ilb_cpu;
}
return -1 ;
}
/*
* Kick a CPU to do the NOHZ balancing , if it is time for it , via a cross - CPU
* SMP function call ( IPI ) .
*
* We pick the first idle CPU in the HK_TYPE_KERNEL_NOISE housekeeping set
* ( if there is one ) .
*/
static void kick_ilb(unsigned int flags)
{
int ilb_cpu;
/*
* Increase nohz . next_balance only when if full ilb is triggered but
* not if we only update stats .
*/
if (flags & NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK)
nohz.next_balance = jiffies+1 ;
ilb_cpu = find_new_ilb();
if (ilb_cpu < 0 )
return ;
/*
* Don ' t bother if no new NOHZ balance work items for ilb_cpu ,
* i . e . all bits in flags are already set in ilb_cpu .
*/
if ((atomic_read(nohz_flags(ilb_cpu)) & flags) == flags)
return ;
/*
* Access to rq : : nohz_csd is serialized by NOHZ_KICK_MASK ; he who sets
* the first flag owns it ; cleared by nohz_csd_func ( ) .
*/
flags = atomic_fetch_or(flags, nohz_flags(ilb_cpu));
if (flags & NOHZ_KICK_MASK)
return ;
/*
* This way we generate an IPI on the target CPU which
* is idle , and the softirq performing NOHZ idle load balancing
* will be run before returning from the IPI .
*/
smp_call_function_single_async(ilb_cpu, &cpu_rq(ilb_cpu)->nohz_csd);
}
/*
* Current decision point for kicking the idle load balancer in the presence
* of idle CPUs in the system .
*/
static void nohz_balancer_kick(struct rq *rq)
{
unsigned long now = jiffies;
struct sched_domain_shared *sds;
struct sched_domain *sd;
int nr_busy, i, cpu = rq->cpu;
unsigned int flags = 0 ;
if (unlikely(rq->idle_balance))
return ;
/*
* We may be recently in ticked or tickless idle mode . At the first
* busy tick after returning from idle , we will update the busy stats .
*/
nohz_balance_exit_idle(rq);
/*
* None are in tickless mode and hence no need for NOHZ idle load
* balancing :
*/
if (likely(!atomic_read(&nohz.nr_cpus)))
return ;
if (READ_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked) &&
time_after(now, READ_ONCE(nohz.next_blocked)))
flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK;
if (time_before(now, nohz.next_balance))
goto out;
if (rq->nr_running >= 2 ) {
flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
goto out;
}
rcu_read_lock();
sd = rcu_dereference(rq->sd);
if (sd) {
/*
* If there ' s a runnable CFS task and the current CPU has reduced
* capacity , kick the ILB to see if there ' s a better CPU to run on :
*/
if (rq->cfs.h_nr_runnable >= 1 && check_cpu_capacity(rq, sd)) {
flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
goto unlock;
}
}
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_asym_packing, cpu));
if (sd) {
/*
* When ASYM_PACKING ; see if there ' s a more preferred CPU
* currently idle ; in which case , kick the ILB to move tasks
* around .
*
* When balancing between cores , all the SMT siblings of the
* preferred CPU must be idle .
*/
for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_domain_span(sd), nohz.idle_cpus_mask) {
if (sched_asym(sd, i, cpu)) {
flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
goto unlock;
}
}
}
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_asym_cpucapacity, cpu));
if (sd) {
/*
* When ASYM_CPUCAPACITY ; see if there ' s a higher capacity CPU
* to run the misfit task on .
*/
if (check_misfit_status(rq)) {
flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
goto unlock;
}
/*
* For asymmetric systems , we do not want to nicely balance
* cache use , instead we want to embrace asymmetry and only
* ensure tasks have enough CPU capacity .
*
* Skip the LLC logic because it ' s not relevant in that case .
*/
goto unlock;
}
sds = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, cpu));
if (sds) {
/*
* If there is an imbalance between LLC domains ( IOW we could
* increase the overall cache utilization ) , we need a less - loaded LLC
* domain to pull some load from . Likewise , we may need to spread
* load within the current LLC domain ( e . g . packed SMT cores but
* other CPUs are idle ) . We can ' t really know from here how busy
* the others are - so just get a NOHZ balance going if it looks
* like this LLC domain has tasks we could move .
*/
nr_busy = atomic_read(&sds->nr_busy_cpus);
if (nr_busy > 1 ) {
flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
goto unlock;
}
}
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
out:
if (READ_ONCE(nohz.needs_update))
flags |= NOHZ_NEXT_KICK;
if (flags)
kick_ilb(flags);
}
static void set_cpu_sd_state_busy(int cpu)
{
struct sched_domain *sd;
rcu_read_lock();
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc, cpu));
if (!sd || !sd->nohz_idle)
goto unlock;
sd->nohz_idle = 0 ;
atomic_inc(&sd->shared->nr_busy_cpus);
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
}
void nohz_balance_exit_idle(struct rq *rq)
{
WARN_ON_ONCE(rq != this_rq());
if (likely(!rq->nohz_tick_stopped))
return ;
rq->nohz_tick_stopped = 0 ;
cpumask_clear_cpu(rq->cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask);
atomic_dec(&nohz.nr_cpus);
set_cpu_sd_state_busy(rq->cpu);
}
static void set_cpu_sd_state_idle(int cpu)
{
struct sched_domain *sd;
rcu_read_lock();
sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc, cpu));
if (!sd || sd->nohz_idle)
goto unlock;
sd->nohz_idle = 1 ;
atomic_dec(&sd->shared->nr_busy_cpus);
unlock:
rcu_read_unlock();
}
/*
* This routine will record that the CPU is going idle with tick stopped .
* This info will be used in performing idle load balancing in the future .
*/
void nohz_balance_enter_idle(int cpu)
{
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu != smp_processor_id());
/* If this CPU is going down, then nothing needs to be done: */
if (!cpu_active(cpu))
return ;
/*
* Can be set safely without rq - > lock held
* If a clear happens , it will have evaluated last additions because
* rq - > lock is held during the check and the clear
*/
rq->has_blocked_load = 1 ;
/*
* The tick is still stopped but load could have been added in the
* meantime . We set the nohz . has_blocked flag to trig a check of the
* * _ avg . The CPU is already part of nohz . idle_cpus_mask so the clear
* of nohz . has_blocked can only happen after checking the new load
*/
if (rq->nohz_tick_stopped)
goto out;
/* If we're a completely isolated CPU, we don't play: */
if (on_null_domain(rq))
return ;
rq->nohz_tick_stopped = 1 ;
cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask);
atomic_inc(&nohz.nr_cpus);
/*
* Ensures that if nohz_idle_balance ( ) fails to observe our
* @ idle_cpus_mask store , it must observe the @ has_blocked
* and @ needs_update stores .
*/
smp_mb__after_atomic();
set_cpu_sd_state_idle(cpu);
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.needs_update, 1 );
out:
/*
* Each time a cpu enter idle , we assume that it has blocked load and
* enable the periodic update of the load of idle CPUs
*/
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked, 1 );
}
static bool update_nohz_stats(struct rq *rq)
{
unsigned int cpu = rq->cpu;
if (!rq->has_blocked_load)
return false ;
if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask))
return false ;
if (!time_after(jiffies, READ_ONCE(rq->last_blocked_load_update_tick)))
return true ;
sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(cpu);
return rq->has_blocked_load;
}
/*
* Internal function that runs load balance for all idle CPUs . The load balance
* can be a simple update of blocked load or a complete load balance with
* tasks movement depending of flags .
*/
static void _nohz_idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, unsigned int flags)
{
/* Earliest time when we have to do rebalance again */
unsigned long now = jiffies;
unsigned long next_balance = now + 60 *HZ;
bool has_blocked_load = false ;
int update_next_balance = 0 ;
int this_cpu = this_rq->cpu;
int balance_cpu;
struct rq *rq;
WARN_ON_ONCE((flags & NOHZ_KICK_MASK) == NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK);
/*
* We assume there will be no idle load after this update and clear
* the has_blocked flag . If a cpu enters idle in the mean time , it will
* set the has_blocked flag and trigger another update of idle load .
* Because a cpu that becomes idle , is added to idle_cpus_mask before
* setting the flag , we are sure to not clear the state and not
* check the load of an idle cpu .
*
* Same applies to idle_cpus_mask vs needs_update .
*/
if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked, 0 );
if (flags & NOHZ_NEXT_KICK)
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.needs_update, 0 );
/*
* Ensures that if we miss the CPU , we must see the has_blocked
* store from nohz_balance_enter_idle ( ) .
*/
smp_mb();
/*
* Start with the next CPU after this_cpu so we will end with this_cpu and let a
* chance for other idle cpu to pull load .
*/
for_each_cpu_wrap(balance_cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask, this_cpu+1 ) {
if (!idle_cpu(balance_cpu))
continue ;
/*
* If this CPU gets work to do , stop the load balancing
* work being done for other CPUs . Next load
* balancing owner will pick it up .
*/
if (!idle_cpu(this_cpu) && need_resched()) {
if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
has_blocked_load = true ;
if (flags & NOHZ_NEXT_KICK)
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.needs_update, 1 );
goto abort;
}
rq = cpu_rq(balance_cpu);
if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
has_blocked_load |= update_nohz_stats(rq);
/*
* If time for next balance is due ,
* do the balance .
*/
if (time_after_eq(jiffies, rq->next_balance)) {
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
update_rq_clock(rq);
rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
if (flags & NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK)
sched_balance_domains(rq, CPU_IDLE);
}
if (time_after(next_balance, rq->next_balance)) {
next_balance = rq->next_balance;
update_next_balance = 1 ;
}
}
/*
* next_balance will be updated only when there is a need .
* When the CPU is attached to null domain for ex , it will not be
* updated .
*/
if (likely(update_next_balance))
nohz.next_balance = next_balance;
if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.next_blocked,
now + msecs_to_jiffies(LOAD_AVG_PERIOD));
abort:
/* There is still blocked load, enable periodic update */
if (has_blocked_load)
WRITE_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked, 1 );
}
/*
* In CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON case , the idle balance kickee will do the
* rebalancing for all the CPUs for whom scheduler ticks are stopped .
*/
static bool nohz_idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
{
unsigned int flags = this_rq->nohz_idle_balance;
if (!flags)
return false ;
this_rq->nohz_idle_balance = 0 ;
if (idle != CPU_IDLE)
return false ;
_nohz_idle_balance(this_rq, flags);
return true ;
}
/*
* Check if we need to directly run the ILB for updating blocked load before
* entering idle state . Here we run ILB directly without issuing IPIs .
*
* Note that when this function is called , the tick may not yet be stopped on
* this CPU yet . nohz . idle_cpus_mask is updated only when tick is stopped and
* cleared on the next busy tick . In other words , nohz . idle_cpus_mask updates
* don ' t align with CPUs enter / exit idle to avoid bottlenecks due to high idle
* entry / exit rate ( usec ) . So it is possible that _ nohz_idle_balance ( ) is
* called from this function on ( this ) CPU that ' s not yet in the mask . That ' s
* OK because the goal of nohz_run_idle_balance ( ) is to run ILB only for
* updating the blocked load of already idle CPUs without waking up one of
* those idle CPUs and outside the preempt disable / IRQ off phase of the local
* cpu about to enter idle , because it can take a long time .
*/
void nohz_run_idle_balance(int cpu)
{
unsigned int flags;
flags = atomic_fetch_andnot(NOHZ_NEWILB_KICK, nohz_flags(cpu));
/*
* Update the blocked load only if no SCHED_SOFTIRQ is about to happen
* ( i . e . NOHZ_STATS_KICK set ) and will do the same .
*/
if ((flags == NOHZ_NEWILB_KICK) && !need_resched())
_nohz_idle_balance(cpu_rq(cpu), NOHZ_STATS_KICK);
}
static void nohz_newidle_balance(struct rq *this_rq)
{
int this_cpu = this_rq->cpu;
/* Will wake up very soon. No time for doing anything else*/
if (this_rq->avg_idle < sysctl_sched_migration_cost)
return ;
/* Don't need to update blocked load of idle CPUs*/
if (!READ_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked) ||
time_before(jiffies, READ_ONCE(nohz.next_blocked)))
return ;
/*
* Set the need to trigger ILB in order to update blocked load
* before entering idle state .
*/
atomic_or(NOHZ_NEWILB_KICK, nohz_flags(this_cpu));
}
#else /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON: */
static inline void nohz_balancer_kick(struct rq *rq) { }
static inline bool nohz_idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
{
return false ;
}
static inline void nohz_newidle_balance(struct rq *this_rq) { }
#endif /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
/*
* sched_balance_newidle is called by schedule ( ) if this_cpu is about to become
* idle . Attempts to pull tasks from other CPUs .
*
* Returns :
* < 0 - we released the lock and there are ! fair tasks present
* 0 - failed , no new tasks
* > 0 - success , new ( fair ) tasks present
*/
static int sched_balance_newidle(struct rq *this_rq, struct rq_flags *rf)
{
unsigned long next_balance = jiffies + HZ;
int this_cpu = this_rq->cpu;
int continue_balancing = 1 ;
u64 t0, t1, curr_cost = 0 ;
struct sched_domain *sd;
int pulled_task = 0 ;
update_misfit_status(NULL, this_rq);
/*
* There is a task waiting to run . No need to search for one .
* Return 0 ; the task will be enqueued when switching to idle .
*/
if (this_rq->ttwu_pending)
return 0 ;
/*
* We must set idle_stamp _ before_ calling sched_balance_rq ( )
* for CPU_NEWLY_IDLE , such that we measure the this duration
* as idle time .
*/
this_rq->idle_stamp = rq_clock(this_rq);
/*
* Do not pull tasks towards ! active CPUs . . .
*/
if (!cpu_active(this_cpu))
return 0 ;
/*
* This is OK , because current is on_cpu , which avoids it being picked
* for load - balance and preemption / IRQs are still disabled avoiding
* further scheduler activity on it and we ' re being very careful to
* re - start the picking loop .
*/
rq_unpin_lock(this_rq, rf);
rcu_read_lock();
sd = rcu_dereference_check_sched_domain(this_rq->sd);
if (!get_rd_overloaded(this_rq->rd) ||
(sd && this_rq->avg_idle < sd->max_newidle_lb_cost)) {
if (sd)
update_next_balance(sd, &next_balance);
rcu_read_unlock();
goto out;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
raw_spin_rq_unlock(this_rq);
t0 = sched_clock_cpu(this_cpu);
sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(this_cpu);
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_domain(this_cpu, sd) {
u64 domain_cost;
update_next_balance(sd, &next_balance);
if (this_rq->avg_idle < curr_cost + sd->max_newidle_lb_cost)
break ;
if (sd->flags & SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE) {
pulled_task = sched_balance_rq(this_cpu, this_rq,
sd, CPU_NEWLY_IDLE,
&continue_balancing);
t1 = sched_clock_cpu(this_cpu);
domain_cost = t1 - t0;
curr_cost += domain_cost;
t0 = t1;
/*
* Failing newidle means it is not effective ;
* bump the cost so we end up doing less of it .
*/
if (!pulled_task)
domain_cost = (3 * sd->max_newidle_lb_cost) / 2 ;
update_newidle_cost(sd, domain_cost);
}
/*
* Stop searching for tasks to pull if there are
* now runnable tasks on this rq .
*/
if (pulled_task || !continue_balancing)
break ;
}
rcu_read_unlock();
raw_spin_rq_lock(this_rq);
if (curr_cost > this_rq->max_idle_balance_cost)
this_rq->max_idle_balance_cost = curr_cost;
/*
* While browsing the domains , we released the rq lock , a task could
* have been enqueued in the meantime . Since we ' re not going idle ,
* pretend we pulled a task .
*/
if (this_rq->cfs.h_nr_queued && !pulled_task)
pulled_task = 1 ;
/* Is there a task of a high priority class? */
if (this_rq->nr_running != this_rq->cfs.h_nr_queued)
pulled_task = -1 ;
out:
/* Move the next balance forward */
if (time_after(this_rq->next_balance, next_balance))
this_rq->next_balance = next_balance;
if (pulled_task)
this_rq->idle_stamp = 0 ;
else
nohz_newidle_balance(this_rq);
rq_repin_lock(this_rq, rf);
return pulled_task;
}
/*
* This softirq handler is triggered via SCHED_SOFTIRQ from two places :
*
* - directly from the local sched_tick ( ) for periodic load balancing
*
* - indirectly from a remote sched_tick ( ) for NOHZ idle balancing
* through the SMP cross - call nohz_csd_func ( )
*/
static __latent_entropy void sched_balance_softirq(void )
{
struct rq *this_rq = this_rq();
enum cpu_idle_type idle = this_rq->idle_balance;
/*
* If this CPU has a pending NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK , then do the
* balancing on behalf of the other idle CPUs whose ticks are
* stopped . Do nohz_idle_balance * before * sched_balance_domains to
* give the idle CPUs a chance to load balance . Else we may
* load balance only within the local sched_domain hierarchy
* and abort nohz_idle_balance altogether if we pull some load .
*/
if (nohz_idle_balance(this_rq, idle))
return ;
/* normal load balance */
sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(this_rq->cpu);
sched_balance_domains(this_rq, idle);
}
/*
* Trigger the SCHED_SOFTIRQ if it is time to do periodic load balancing .
*/
void sched_balance_trigger(struct rq *rq)
{
/*
* Don ' t need to rebalance while attached to NULL domain or
* runqueue CPU is not active
*/
if (unlikely(on_null_domain(rq) || !cpu_active(cpu_of(rq))))
return ;
if (time_after_eq(jiffies, rq->next_balance))
raise_softirq(SCHED_SOFTIRQ);
nohz_balancer_kick(rq);
}
static void rq_online_fair(struct rq *rq)
{
update_sysctl();
update_runtime_enabled(rq);
}
static void rq_offline_fair(struct rq *rq)
{
update_sysctl();
/* Ensure any throttled groups are reachable by pick_next_task */
unthrottle_offline_cfs_rqs(rq);
/* Ensure that we remove rq contribution to group share: */
clear_tg_offline_cfs_rqs(rq);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CORE
static inline bool
__entity_slice_used(struct sched_entity *se, int min_nr_tasks)
{
u64 rtime = se->sum_exec_runtime - se->prev_sum_exec_runtime;
u64 slice = se->slice;
return (rtime * min_nr_tasks > slice);
}
#define MIN_NR_TASKS_DURING_FORCEIDLE 2
static inline void task_tick_core(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr)
{
if (!sched_core_enabled(rq))
return ;
/*
* If runqueue has only one task which used up its slice and
* if the sibling is forced idle , then trigger schedule to
* give forced idle task a chance .
*
* sched_slice ( ) considers only this active rq and it gets the
* whole slice . But during force idle , we have siblings acting
* like a single runqueue and hence we need to consider runnable
* tasks on this CPU and the forced idle CPU . Ideally , we should
* go through the forced idle rq , but that would be a perf hit .
* We can assume that the forced idle CPU has at least
* MIN_NR_TASKS_DURING_FORCEIDLE - 1 tasks and use that to check
* if we need to give up the CPU .
*/
if (rq->core->core_forceidle_count && rq->cfs.nr_queued == 1 &&
__entity_slice_used(&curr->se, MIN_NR_TASKS_DURING_FORCEIDLE))
resched_curr(rq);
}
/*
* se_fi_update - Update the cfs_rq - > min_vruntime_fi in a CFS hierarchy if needed .
*/
static void se_fi_update(const struct sched_entity *se, unsigned int fi_seq,
bool forceidle)
{
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
if (forceidle) {
if (cfs_rq->forceidle_seq == fi_seq)
break ;
cfs_rq->forceidle_seq = fi_seq;
}
cfs_rq->min_vruntime_fi = cfs_rq->min_vruntime;
}
}
void task_vruntime_update(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool in_fi)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
return ;
se_fi_update(se, rq->core->core_forceidle_seq, in_fi);
}
bool cfs_prio_less(const struct task_struct *a, const struct task_struct *b,
bool in_fi)
{
struct rq *rq = task_rq(a);
const struct sched_entity *sea = &a->se;
const struct sched_entity *seb = &b->se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rqa;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rqb;
s64 delta;
WARN_ON_ONCE(task_rq(b)->core != rq->core);
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
/*
* Find an se in the hierarchy for tasks a and b , such that the se ' s
* are immediate siblings .
*/
while (sea->cfs_rq->tg != seb->cfs_rq->tg) {
int sea_depth = sea->depth;
int seb_depth = seb->depth;
if (sea_depth >= seb_depth)
sea = parent_entity(sea);
if (sea_depth <= seb_depth)
seb = parent_entity(seb);
}
se_fi_update(sea, rq->core->core_forceidle_seq, in_fi);
se_fi_update(seb, rq->core->core_forceidle_seq, in_fi);
cfs_rqa = sea->cfs_rq;
cfs_rqb = seb->cfs_rq;
#else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED: */
cfs_rqa = &task_rq(a)->cfs;
cfs_rqb = &task_rq(b)->cfs;
#endif /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
/*
* Find delta after normalizing se ' s vruntime with its cfs_rq ' s
* min_vruntime_fi , which would have been updated in prior calls
* to se_fi_update ( ) .
*/
delta = (s64)(sea->vruntime - seb->vruntime) +
(s64)(cfs_rqb->min_vruntime_fi - cfs_rqa->min_vruntime_fi);
return delta > 0 ;
}
static int task_is_throttled_fair(struct task_struct *p, int cpu)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
cfs_rq = task_group(p)->cfs_rq[cpu];
#else
cfs_rq = &cpu_rq(cpu)->cfs;
#endif
return throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_SCHED_CORE: */
static inline void task_tick_core(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr) {}
#endif /* !CONFIG_SCHED_CORE */
/*
* scheduler tick hitting a task of our scheduling class .
*
* NOTE : This function can be called remotely by the tick offload that
* goes along full dynticks . Therefore no local assumption can be made
* and everything must be accessed through the @ rq and @ curr passed in
* parameters .
*/
static void task_tick_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr, int queued)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
struct sched_entity *se = &curr->se;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
entity_tick(cfs_rq, se, queued);
}
if (static_branch_unlikely(&sched_numa_balancing))
task_tick_numa(rq, curr);
update_misfit_status(curr, rq);
check_update_overutilized_status(task_rq(curr));
task_tick_core(rq, curr);
}
/*
* called on fork with the child task as argument from the parent ' s context
* - child not yet on the tasklist
* - preemption disabled
*/
static void task_fork_fair(struct task_struct *p)
{
set_task_max_allowed_capacity(p);
}
/*
* Priority of the task has changed . Check to see if we preempt
* the current task .
*/
static void
prio_changed_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int oldprio)
{
if (!task_on_rq_queued(p))
return ;
if (rq->cfs.nr_queued == 1 )
return ;
/*
* Reschedule if we are currently running on this runqueue and
* our priority decreased , or if we are not currently running on
* this runqueue and our priority is higher than the current ' s
*/
if (task_current_donor(rq, p)) {
if (p->prio > oldprio)
resched_curr(rq);
} else
wakeup_preempt(rq, p, 0 );
}
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
/*
* Propagate the changes of the sched_entity across the tg tree to make it
* visible to the root
*/
static void propagate_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
return ;
if (!throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq))
list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
/* Start to propagate at parent */
se = se->parent;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
break ;
if (!throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq))
list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
}
}
#else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED: */
static void propagate_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se) { }
#endif /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
static void detach_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
/*
* In case the task sched_avg hasn ' t been attached :
* - A forked task which hasn ' t been woken up by wake_up_new_task ( ) .
* - A task which has been woken up by try_to_wake_up ( ) but is
* waiting for actually being woken up by sched_ttwu_pending ( ) .
*/
if (!se->avg.last_update_time)
return ;
/* Catch up with the cfs_rq and remove our load when we leave */
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, 0 );
detach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
propagate_entity_cfs_rq(se);
}
static void attach_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
/* Synchronize entity with its cfs_rq */
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, sched_feat(ATTACH_AGE_LOAD) ? 0 : SKIP_AGE_LOAD);
attach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
propagate_entity_cfs_rq(se);
}
static void detach_task_cfs_rq(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
detach_entity_cfs_rq(se);
}
static void attach_task_cfs_rq(struct task_struct *p)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
attach_entity_cfs_rq(se);
}
static void switched_from_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
detach_task_cfs_rq(p);
}
static void switched_to_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
WARN_ON_ONCE(p->se.sched_delayed);
attach_task_cfs_rq(p);
set_task_max_allowed_capacity(p);
if (task_on_rq_queued(p)) {
/*
* We were most likely switched from sched_rt , so
* kick off the schedule if running , otherwise just see
* if we can still preempt the current task .
*/
if (task_current_donor(rq, p))
resched_curr(rq);
else
wakeup_preempt(rq, p, 0 );
}
}
static void __set_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool first)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
if (task_on_rq_queued(p)) {
/*
* Move the next running task to the front of the list , so our
* cfs_tasks list becomes MRU one .
*/
list_move(&se->group_node, &rq->cfs_tasks);
}
if (!first)
return ;
WARN_ON_ONCE(se->sched_delayed);
if (hrtick_enabled_fair(rq))
hrtick_start_fair(rq, p);
update_misfit_status(p, rq);
sched_fair_update_stop_tick(rq, p);
}
/*
* Account for a task changing its policy or group .
*
* This routine is mostly called to set cfs_rq - > curr field when a task
* migrates between groups / classes .
*/
static void set_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool first)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se);
/* ensure bandwidth has been allocated on our new cfs_rq */
account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, 0 );
}
__set_next_task_fair(rq, p, first);
}
void init_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
cfs_rq->tasks_timeline = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
cfs_rq->min_vruntime = (u64)(-(1 LL << 20 ));
raw_spin_lock_init(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
static void task_change_group_fair(struct task_struct *p)
{
/*
* We couldn ' t detach or attach a forked task which
* hasn ' t been woken up by wake_up_new_task ( ) .
*/
if (READ_ONCE(p->__state) == TASK_NEW)
return ;
detach_task_cfs_rq(p);
/* Tell se's cfs_rq has been changed -- migrated */
p->se.avg.last_update_time = 0 ;
set_task_rq(p, task_cpu(p));
attach_task_cfs_rq(p);
}
void free_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg)
{
int i;
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
if (tg->cfs_rq)
kfree(tg->cfs_rq[i]);
if (tg->se)
kfree(tg->se[i]);
}
kfree(tg->cfs_rq);
kfree(tg->se);
}
int alloc_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg, struct task_group *parent)
{
struct sched_entity *se;
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
int i;
tg->cfs_rq = kcalloc(nr_cpu_ids, sizeof (cfs_rq), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!tg->cfs_rq)
goto err;
tg->se = kcalloc(nr_cpu_ids, sizeof (se), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!tg->se)
goto err;
tg->shares = NICE_0_LOAD;
init_cfs_bandwidth(tg_cfs_bandwidth(tg), tg_cfs_bandwidth(parent));
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
cfs_rq = kzalloc_node(sizeof (struct cfs_rq),
GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
if (!cfs_rq)
goto err;
se = kzalloc_node(sizeof (struct sched_entity_stats),
GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
if (!se)
goto err_free_rq;
init_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
init_tg_cfs_entry(tg, cfs_rq, se, i, parent->se[i]);
init_entity_runnable_average(se);
}
return 1 ;
err_free_rq:
kfree(cfs_rq);
err:
return 0 ;
}
void online_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg)
{
struct sched_entity *se;
struct rq_flags rf;
struct rq *rq;
int i;
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
rq = cpu_rq(i);
se = tg->se[i];
rq_lock_irq(rq, &rf);
update_rq_clock(rq);
attach_entity_cfs_rq(se);
sync_throttle(tg, i);
rq_unlock_irq(rq, &rf);
}
}
void unregister_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg)
{
int cpu;
destroy_cfs_bandwidth(tg_cfs_bandwidth(tg));
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu];
struct sched_entity *se = tg->se[cpu];
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
if (se) {
if (se->sched_delayed) {
guard(rq_lock_irqsave)(rq);
if (se->sched_delayed) {
update_rq_clock(rq);
dequeue_entities(rq, se, DEQUEUE_SLEEP | DEQUEUE_DELAYED);
}
list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
}
remove_entity_load_avg(se);
}
/*
* Only empty task groups can be destroyed ; so we can speculatively
* check on_list without danger of it being re - added .
*/
if (cfs_rq->on_list) {
guard(rq_lock_irqsave)(rq);
list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
}
}
}
void init_tg_cfs_entry(struct task_group *tg, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
struct sched_entity *se, int cpu,
struct sched_entity *parent)
{
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
cfs_rq->tg = tg;
cfs_rq->rq = rq;
init_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
tg->cfs_rq[cpu] = cfs_rq;
tg->se[cpu] = se;
/* se could be NULL for root_task_group */
if (!se)
return ;
if (!parent) {
se->cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
se->depth = 0 ;
} else {
se->cfs_rq = parent->my_q;
se->depth = parent->depth + 1 ;
}
se->my_q = cfs_rq;
/* guarantee group entities always have weight */
update_load_set(&se->load, NICE_0_LOAD);
se->parent = parent;
}
static DEFINE_MUTEX(shares_mutex);
static int __sched_group_set_shares(struct task_group *tg, unsigned long shares)
{
int i;
lockdep_assert_held(&shares_mutex);
/*
* We can ' t change the weight of the root cgroup .
*/
if (!tg->se[0 ])
return -EINVAL;
shares = clamp(shares, scale_load(MIN_SHARES), scale_load(MAX_SHARES));
if (tg->shares == shares)
return 0 ;
tg->shares = shares;
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
struct sched_entity *se = tg->se[i];
struct rq_flags rf;
/* Propagate contribution to hierarchy */
rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
update_rq_clock(rq);
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
update_load_avg(cfs_rq_of(se), se, UPDATE_TG);
update_cfs_group(se);
}
rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
}
return 0 ;
}
int sched_group_set_shares(struct task_group *tg, unsigned long shares)
{
int ret;
mutex_lock(&shares_mutex);
if (tg_is_idle(tg))
ret = -EINVAL;
else
ret = __sched_group_set_shares(tg, shares);
mutex_unlock(&shares_mutex);
return ret;
}
int sched_group_set_idle(struct task_group *tg, long idle)
{
int i;
if (tg == &root_task_group)
return -EINVAL;
if (idle < 0 || idle > 1 )
return -EINVAL;
mutex_lock(&shares_mutex);
if (tg->idle == idle) {
mutex_unlock(&shares_mutex);
return 0 ;
}
tg->idle = idle;
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
struct sched_entity *se = tg->se[i];
struct cfs_rq *grp_cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[i];
bool was_idle = cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq);
long idle_task_delta;
struct rq_flags rf;
rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
grp_cfs_rq->idle = idle;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(was_idle == cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq)))
goto next_cpu;
idle_task_delta = grp_cfs_rq->h_nr_queued -
grp_cfs_rq->h_nr_idle;
if (!cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq))
idle_task_delta *= -1 ;
for_each_sched_entity(se) {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
if (!se->on_rq)
break ;
cfs_rq->h_nr_idle += idle_task_delta;
/* Already accounted at parent level and above. */
if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
break ;
}
next_cpu:
rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
}
/* Idle groups have minimum weight. */
if (tg_is_idle(tg))
__sched_group_set_shares(tg, scale_load(WEIGHT_IDLEPRIO));
else
__sched_group_set_shares(tg, NICE_0_LOAD);
mutex_unlock(&shares_mutex);
return 0 ;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
static unsigned int get_rr_interval_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *task)
{
struct sched_entity *se = &task->se;
unsigned int rr_interval = 0 ;
/*
* Time slice is 0 for SCHED_OTHER tasks that are on an otherwise
* idle runqueue :
*/
if (rq->cfs.load.weight)
rr_interval = NS_TO_JIFFIES(se->slice);
return rr_interval;
}
/*
* All the scheduling class methods :
*/
DEFINE_SCHED_CLASS(fair) = {
.enqueue_task = enqueue_task_fair,
.dequeue_task = dequeue_task_fair,
.yield_task = yield_task_fair,
.yield_to_task = yield_to_task_fair,
.wakeup_preempt = check_preempt_wakeup_fair,
.pick_task = pick_task_fair,
.pick_next_task = __pick_next_task_fair,
.put_prev_task = put_prev_task_fair,
.set_next_task = set_next_task_fair,
.balance = balance_fair,
.select_task_rq = select_task_rq_fair,
.migrate_task_rq = migrate_task_rq_fair,
.rq_online = rq_online_fair,
.rq_offline = rq_offline_fair,
.task_dead = task_dead_fair,
.set_cpus_allowed = set_cpus_allowed_fair,
.task_tick = task_tick_fair,
.task_fork = task_fork_fair,
.reweight_task = reweight_task_fair,
.prio_changed = prio_changed_fair,
.switched_from = switched_from_fair,
.switched_to = switched_to_fair,
.get_rr_interval = get_rr_interval_fair,
.update_curr = update_curr_fair,
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
.task_change_group = task_change_group_fair,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CORE
.task_is_throttled = task_is_throttled_fair,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
.uclamp_enabled = 1 ,
#endif
};
void print_cfs_stats(struct seq_file *m, int cpu)
{
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *pos;
rcu_read_lock();
for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(cpu_rq(cpu), cfs_rq, pos)
print_cfs_rq(m, cpu, cfs_rq);
rcu_read_unlock();
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
void show_numa_stats(struct task_struct *p, struct seq_file *m)
{
int node;
unsigned long tsf = 0 , tpf = 0 , gsf = 0 , gpf = 0 ;
struct numa_group *ng;
rcu_read_lock();
ng = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
for_each_online_node(node) {
if (p->numa_faults) {
tsf = p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 0 )];
tpf = p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 1 )];
}
if (ng) {
gsf = ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 0 )],
gpf = ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 1 )];
}
print_numa_stats(m, node, tsf, tpf, gsf, gpf);
}
rcu_read_unlock();
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
__init void init_sched_fair_class(void )
{
int i;
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
zalloc_cpumask_var_node(&per_cpu(load_balance_mask, i), GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
zalloc_cpumask_var_node(&per_cpu(select_rq_mask, i), GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
zalloc_cpumask_var_node(&per_cpu(should_we_balance_tmpmask, i),
GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
#ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
INIT_CSD(&cpu_rq(i)->cfsb_csd, __cfsb_csd_unthrottle, cpu_rq(i));
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cpu_rq(i)->cfsb_csd_list);
#endif
}
open_softirq(SCHED_SOFTIRQ, sched_balance_softirq);
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
nohz.next_balance = jiffies;
nohz.next_blocked = jiffies;
zalloc_cpumask_var(&nohz.idle_cpus_mask, GFP_NOWAIT);
#endif
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=94 H=95 G=94
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 4.804 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-28)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-10-10
Neuigkeiten
Aktuelles
Motto des Tages
Open Source Software
Jenseits des Üblichen ....
Besucherstatistik
Statistik
#Sources=1126438
#Domains=1897691