// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright ( C ) 2007 Oracle . All rights reserved .
*/
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include "ctree.h"
#include "disk-io.h"
#include "transaction.h"
#include "locking.h"
#include "accessors.h"
#include "messages.h"
#include "delalloc-space.h"
#include "subpage.h"
#include "defrag.h"
#include "file-item.h"
#include "super.h"
static struct kmem_cache *btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep;
/*
* When auto defrag is enabled we queue up these defrag structs to remember
* which inodes need defragging passes .
*/
struct inode_defrag {
struct rb_node rb_node;
/* Inode number */
u64 ino;
/*
* Transid where the defrag was added , we search for extents newer than
* this .
*/
u64 transid;
/* Root objectid */
u64 root;
/*
* The extent size threshold for autodefrag .
*
* This value is different for compressed / non - compressed extents , thus
* needs to be passed from higher layer .
* ( aka , inode_should_defrag ( ) )
*/
u32 extent_thresh;
};
static int compare_inode_defrag(const struct inode_defrag *defrag1,
const struct inode_defrag *defrag2)
{
if (defrag1->root > defrag2->root)
return 1 ;
else if (defrag1->root < defrag2->root)
return -1 ;
else if (defrag1->ino > defrag2->ino)
return 1 ;
else if (defrag1->ino < defrag2->ino)
return -1 ;
else
return 0 ;
}
static int inode_defrag_cmp(struct rb_node *new , const struct rb_node *existing)
{
const struct inode_defrag *new_defrag = rb_entry(new , struct inode_defrag, rb_node);
const struct inode_defrag *existing_defrag = rb_entry(existing, struct inode_defrag, rb_node);
return compare_inode_defrag(new_defrag, existing_defrag);
}
/*
* Insert a record for an inode into the defrag tree . The lock must be held
* already .
*
* If you ' re inserting a record for an older transid than an existing record ,
* the transid already in the tree is lowered .
*/
static int btrfs_insert_inode_defrag(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
struct inode_defrag *defrag)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
struct rb_node *node;
node = rb_find_add(&defrag->rb_node, &fs_info->defrag_inodes, inode_defrag_cmp);
if (node) {
struct inode_defrag *entry;
entry = rb_entry(node, struct inode_defrag, rb_node);
/*
* If we ' re reinserting an entry for an old defrag run , make
* sure to lower the transid of our existing record .
*/
if (defrag->transid < entry->transid)
entry->transid = defrag->transid;
entry->extent_thresh = min(defrag->extent_thresh, entry->extent_thresh);
return -EEXIST;
}
set_bit(BTRFS_INODE_IN_DEFRAG, &inode->runtime_flags);
return 0 ;
}
static inline bool need_auto_defrag(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
{
if (!btrfs_test_opt(fs_info, AUTO_DEFRAG))
return false ;
if (btrfs_fs_closing(fs_info))
return false ;
return true ;
}
/*
* Insert a defrag record for this inode if auto defrag is enabled . No errors
* returned as they ' re not considered fatal .
*/
void btrfs_add_inode_defrag(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u32 extent_thresh)
{
struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
struct inode_defrag *defrag;
int ret;
if (!need_auto_defrag(fs_info))
return ;
if (test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_IN_DEFRAG, &inode->runtime_flags))
return ;
defrag = kmem_cache_zalloc(btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
if (!defrag)
return ;
defrag->ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
defrag->transid = btrfs_get_root_last_trans(root);
defrag->root = btrfs_root_id(root);
defrag->extent_thresh = extent_thresh;
spin_lock(&fs_info->defrag_inodes_lock);
if (!test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_IN_DEFRAG, &inode->runtime_flags)) {
/*
* If we set IN_DEFRAG flag and evict the inode from memory ,
* and then re - read this inode , this new inode doesn ' t have
* IN_DEFRAG flag . At the case , we may find the existed defrag .
*/
ret = btrfs_insert_inode_defrag(inode, defrag);
if (ret)
kmem_cache_free(btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep, defrag);
} else {
kmem_cache_free(btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep, defrag);
}
spin_unlock(&fs_info->defrag_inodes_lock);
}
/*
* Pick the defragable inode that we want , if it doesn ' t exist , we will get the
* next one .
*/
static struct inode_defrag *btrfs_pick_defrag_inode(
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info, u64 root, u64 ino)
{
struct inode_defrag *entry = NULL;
struct inode_defrag tmp;
struct rb_node *p;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
int ret;
tmp.ino = ino;
tmp.root = root;
spin_lock(&fs_info->defrag_inodes_lock);
p = fs_info->defrag_inodes.rb_node;
while (p) {
parent = p;
entry = rb_entry(parent, struct inode_defrag, rb_node);
ret = compare_inode_defrag(&tmp, entry);
if (ret < 0 )
p = parent->rb_left;
else if (ret > 0 )
p = parent->rb_right;
else
goto out;
}
if (parent && compare_inode_defrag(&tmp, entry) > 0 ) {
parent = rb_next(parent);
entry = rb_entry_safe(parent, struct inode_defrag, rb_node);
}
out:
if (entry)
rb_erase(parent, &fs_info->defrag_inodes);
spin_unlock(&fs_info->defrag_inodes_lock);
return entry;
}
void btrfs_cleanup_defrag_inodes(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
{
struct inode_defrag *defrag, *next;
spin_lock(&fs_info->defrag_inodes_lock);
rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(defrag, next,
&fs_info->defrag_inodes, rb_node)
kmem_cache_free(btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep, defrag);
fs_info->defrag_inodes = RB_ROOT;
spin_unlock(&fs_info->defrag_inodes_lock);
}
#define BTRFS_DEFRAG_BATCH 1024
static int btrfs_run_defrag_inode(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
struct inode_defrag *defrag,
struct file_ra_state *ra)
{
struct btrfs_root *inode_root;
struct btrfs_inode *inode;
struct btrfs_ioctl_defrag_range_args range;
int ret = 0 ;
u64 cur = 0 ;
again:
if (test_bit(BTRFS_FS_STATE_REMOUNTING, &fs_info->fs_state))
goto cleanup;
if (!need_auto_defrag(fs_info))
goto cleanup;
/* Get the inode */
inode_root = btrfs_get_fs_root(fs_info, defrag->root, true );
if (IS_ERR(inode_root)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(inode_root);
goto cleanup;
}
inode = btrfs_iget(defrag->ino, inode_root);
btrfs_put_root(inode_root);
if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
goto cleanup;
}
if (cur >= i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode)) {
iput(&inode->vfs_inode);
goto cleanup;
}
/* Do a chunk of defrag */
clear_bit(BTRFS_INODE_IN_DEFRAG, &inode->runtime_flags);
memset(&range, 0 , sizeof (range));
range.len = (u64)-1 ;
range.start = cur;
range.extent_thresh = defrag->extent_thresh;
file_ra_state_init(ra, inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping);
sb_start_write(fs_info->sb);
ret = btrfs_defrag_file(inode, ra, &range, defrag->transid,
BTRFS_DEFRAG_BATCH);
sb_end_write(fs_info->sb);
iput(&inode->vfs_inode);
if (ret < 0 )
goto cleanup;
cur = max(cur + fs_info->sectorsize, range.start);
goto again;
cleanup:
kmem_cache_free(btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep, defrag);
return ret;
}
/*
* Run through the list of inodes in the FS that need defragging .
*/
int btrfs_run_defrag_inodes(struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info)
{
struct inode_defrag *defrag;
u64 first_ino = 0 ;
u64 root_objectid = 0 ;
atomic_inc(&fs_info->defrag_running);
while (1 ) {
struct file_ra_state ra = { 0 };
/* Pause the auto defragger. */
if (test_bit(BTRFS_FS_STATE_REMOUNTING, &fs_info->fs_state))
break ;
if (!need_auto_defrag(fs_info))
break ;
/* find an inode to defrag */
defrag = btrfs_pick_defrag_inode(fs_info, root_objectid, first_ino);
if (!defrag) {
if (root_objectid || first_ino) {
root_objectid = 0 ;
first_ino = 0 ;
continue ;
} else {
break ;
}
}
first_ino = defrag->ino + 1 ;
root_objectid = defrag->root;
btrfs_run_defrag_inode(fs_info, defrag, &ra);
}
atomic_dec(&fs_info->defrag_running);
/*
* During unmount , we use the transaction_wait queue to wait for the
* defragger to stop .
*/
wake_up(&fs_info->transaction_wait);
return 0 ;
}
/*
* Check if two blocks addresses are close , used by defrag .
*/
static bool close_blocks(u64 blocknr, u64 other, u32 blocksize)
{
if (blocknr < other && other - (blocknr + blocksize) < SZ_32K)
return true ;
if (blocknr > other && blocknr - (other + blocksize) < SZ_32K)
return true ;
return false ;
}
/*
* Go through all the leaves pointed to by a node and reallocate them so that
* disk order is close to key order .
*/
static int btrfs_realloc_node(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
struct btrfs_root *root,
struct extent_buffer *parent,
int start_slot, u64 *last_ret,
struct btrfs_key *progress)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
const u32 blocksize = fs_info->nodesize;
const int end_slot = btrfs_header_nritems(parent) - 1 ;
u64 search_start = *last_ret;
u64 last_block = 0 ;
int ret = 0 ;
bool progress_passed = false ;
/*
* COWing must happen through a running transaction , which always
* matches the current fs generation ( it ' s a transaction with a state
* less than TRANS_STATE_UNBLOCKED ) . If it doesn ' t , then turn the fs
* into error state to prevent the commit of any transaction .
*/
if (unlikely(trans->transaction != fs_info->running_transaction ||
trans->transid != fs_info->generation)) {
btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, -EUCLEAN);
btrfs_crit(fs_info,
"unexpected transaction when attempting to reallocate parent %llu for root %llu, transaction %llu running transaction %llu fs generation %llu" ,
parent->start, btrfs_root_id(root), trans->transid,
fs_info->running_transaction->transid,
fs_info->generation);
return -EUCLEAN;
}
if (btrfs_header_nritems(parent) <= 1 )
return 0 ;
for (int i = start_slot; i <= end_slot; i++) {
struct extent_buffer *cur;
struct btrfs_disk_key disk_key;
u64 blocknr;
u64 other;
bool close = true ;
btrfs_node_key(parent, &disk_key, i);
if (!progress_passed && btrfs_comp_keys(&disk_key, progress) < 0 )
continue ;
progress_passed = true ;
blocknr = btrfs_node_blockptr(parent, i);
if (last_block == 0 )
last_block = blocknr;
if (i > 0 ) {
other = btrfs_node_blockptr(parent, i - 1 );
close = close_blocks(blocknr, other, blocksize);
}
if (!close && i < end_slot) {
other = btrfs_node_blockptr(parent, i + 1 );
close = close_blocks(blocknr, other, blocksize);
}
if (close) {
last_block = blocknr;
continue ;
}
cur = btrfs_read_node_slot(parent, i);
if (IS_ERR(cur))
return PTR_ERR(cur);
if (search_start == 0 )
search_start = last_block;
btrfs_tree_lock(cur);
ret = btrfs_force_cow_block(trans, root, cur, parent, i,
&cur, search_start,
min(16 * blocksize,
(end_slot - i) * blocksize),
BTRFS_NESTING_COW);
if (ret) {
btrfs_tree_unlock(cur);
free_extent_buffer(cur);
break ;
}
search_start = cur->start;
last_block = cur->start;
*last_ret = search_start;
btrfs_tree_unlock(cur);
free_extent_buffer(cur);
}
return ret;
}
/*
* Defrag all the leaves in a given btree .
* Read all the leaves and try to get key order to
* better reflect disk order
*/
static int btrfs_defrag_leaves(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
struct btrfs_root *root)
{
struct btrfs_path *path = NULL;
struct btrfs_key key;
int ret = 0 ;
int wret;
int level;
int next_key_ret = 0 ;
u64 last_ret = 0 ;
if (!test_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_SHAREABLE, &root->state))
goto out;
path = btrfs_alloc_path();
if (!path) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
}
level = btrfs_header_level(root->node);
if (level == 0 )
goto out;
if (root->defrag_progress.objectid == 0 ) {
struct extent_buffer *root_node;
u32 nritems;
root_node = btrfs_lock_root_node(root);
nritems = btrfs_header_nritems(root_node);
root->defrag_max.objectid = 0 ;
/* from above we know this is not a leaf */
btrfs_node_key_to_cpu(root_node, &root->defrag_max,
nritems - 1 );
btrfs_tree_unlock(root_node);
free_extent_buffer(root_node);
memset(&key, 0 , sizeof (key));
} else {
memcpy(&key, &root->defrag_progress, sizeof (key));
}
path->keep_locks = 1 ;
ret = btrfs_search_forward(root, &key, path, BTRFS_OLDEST_GENERATION);
if (ret < 0 )
goto out;
if (ret > 0 ) {
ret = 0 ;
goto out;
}
btrfs_release_path(path);
/*
* We don ' t need a lock on a leaf . btrfs_realloc_node ( ) will lock all
* leafs from path - > nodes [ 1 ] , so set lowest_level to 1 to avoid later
* a deadlock ( attempting to write lock an already write locked leaf ) .
*/
path->lowest_level = 1 ;
wret = btrfs_search_slot(trans, root, &key, path, 0 , 1 );
if (wret < 0 ) {
ret = wret;
goto out;
}
if (!path->nodes[1 ]) {
ret = 0 ;
goto out;
}
/*
* The node at level 1 must always be locked when our path has
* keep_locks set and lowest_level is 1 , regardless of the value of
* path - > slots [ 1 ] .
*/
ASSERT(path->locks[1 ] != 0 );
ret = btrfs_realloc_node(trans, root,
path->nodes[1 ], 0 ,
&last_ret,
&root->defrag_progress);
if (ret) {
WARN_ON(ret == -EAGAIN);
goto out;
}
/*
* Now that we reallocated the node we can find the next key . Note that
* btrfs_find_next_key ( ) can release our path and do another search
* without COWing , this is because even with path - > keep_locks = 1 ,
* btrfs_search_slot ( ) / ctree . c : unlock_up ( ) does not keeps a lock on a
* node when path - > slots [ node_level - 1 ] does not point to the last
* item or a slot beyond the last item ( ctree . c : unlock_up ( ) ) . Therefore
* we search for the next key after reallocating our node .
*/
path->slots[1 ] = btrfs_header_nritems(path->nodes[1 ]);
next_key_ret = btrfs_find_next_key(root, path, &key, 1 ,
BTRFS_OLDEST_GENERATION);
if (next_key_ret == 0 ) {
memcpy(&root->defrag_progress, &key, sizeof (key));
ret = -EAGAIN;
}
out:
btrfs_free_path(path);
if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
if (root->defrag_max.objectid > root->defrag_progress.objectid)
goto done;
if (root->defrag_max.type > root->defrag_progress.type)
goto done;
if (root->defrag_max.offset > root->defrag_progress.offset)
goto done;
ret = 0 ;
}
done:
if (ret != -EAGAIN)
memset(&root->defrag_progress, 0 ,
sizeof (root->defrag_progress));
return ret;
}
/*
* Defrag a given btree . Every leaf in the btree is read and defragmented .
*/
int btrfs_defrag_root(struct btrfs_root *root)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = root->fs_info;
int ret;
if (test_and_set_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_DEFRAG_RUNNING, &root->state))
return 0 ;
while (1 ) {
struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 0 );
if (IS_ERR(trans)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(trans);
break ;
}
ret = btrfs_defrag_leaves(trans, root);
btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
btrfs_btree_balance_dirty(fs_info);
cond_resched();
if (btrfs_fs_closing(fs_info) || ret != -EAGAIN)
break ;
if (btrfs_defrag_cancelled(fs_info)) {
btrfs_debug(fs_info, "defrag_root cancelled" );
ret = -EAGAIN;
break ;
}
}
clear_bit(BTRFS_ROOT_DEFRAG_RUNNING, &root->state);
return ret;
}
/*
* Defrag specific helper to get an extent map .
*
* Differences between this and btrfs_get_extent ( ) are :
*
* - No extent_map will be added to inode - > extent_tree
* To reduce memory usage in the long run .
*
* - Extra optimization to skip file extents older than @ newer_than
* By using btrfs_search_forward ( ) we can skip entire file ranges that
* have extents created in past transactions , because btrfs_search_forward ( )
* will not visit leaves and nodes with a generation smaller than given
* minimal generation threshold ( @ newer_than ) .
*
* Return valid em if we find a file extent matching the requirement .
* Return NULL if we can not find a file extent matching the requirement .
*
* Return ERR_PTR ( ) for error .
*/
static struct extent_map *defrag_get_extent(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
u64 start, u64 newer_than)
{
struct btrfs_root *root = inode->root;
struct btrfs_file_extent_item *fi;
struct btrfs_path path = { 0 };
struct extent_map *em;
struct btrfs_key key;
u64 ino = btrfs_ino(inode);
int ret;
em = btrfs_alloc_extent_map();
if (!em) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err;
}
key.objectid = ino;
key.type = BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY;
key.offset = start;
if (newer_than) {
ret = btrfs_search_forward(root, &key, &path, newer_than);
if (ret < 0 )
goto err;
/* Can't find anything newer */
if (ret > 0 )
goto not_found;
} else {
ret = btrfs_search_slot(NULL, root, &key, &path, 0 , 0 );
if (ret < 0 )
goto err;
}
if (path.slots[0 ] >= btrfs_header_nritems(path.nodes[0 ])) {
/*
* If btrfs_search_slot ( ) makes path to point beyond nritems ,
* we should not have an empty leaf , as this inode must at
* least have its INODE_ITEM .
*/
ASSERT(btrfs_header_nritems(path.nodes[0 ]));
path.slots[0 ] = btrfs_header_nritems(path.nodes[0 ]) - 1 ;
}
btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path.nodes[0 ], &key, path.slots[0 ]);
/* Perfect match, no need to go one slot back */
if (key.objectid == ino && key.type == BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY &&
key.offset == start)
goto iterate;
/* We didn't find a perfect match, needs to go one slot back */
if (path.slots[0 ] > 0 ) {
btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path.nodes[0 ], &key, path.slots[0 ]);
if (key.objectid == ino && key.type == BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
path.slots[0 ]--;
}
iterate:
/* Iterate through the path to find a file extent covering @start */
while (true ) {
u64 extent_end;
if (path.slots[0 ] >= btrfs_header_nritems(path.nodes[0 ]))
goto next;
btrfs_item_key_to_cpu(path.nodes[0 ], &key, path.slots[0 ]);
/*
* We may go one slot back to INODE_REF / XATTR item , then
* need to go forward until we reach an EXTENT_DATA .
* But we should still has the correct ino as key . objectid .
*/
if (WARN_ON(key.objectid < ino) || key.type < BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
goto next;
/* It's beyond our target range, definitely not extent found */
if (key.objectid > ino || key.type > BTRFS_EXTENT_DATA_KEY)
goto not_found;
/*
* | | < - File extent - > |
* \ - start
*
* This means there is a hole between start and key . offset .
*/
if (key.offset > start) {
em->start = start;
em->disk_bytenr = EXTENT_MAP_HOLE;
em->disk_num_bytes = 0 ;
em->ram_bytes = 0 ;
em->offset = 0 ;
em->len = key.offset - start;
break ;
}
fi = btrfs_item_ptr(path.nodes[0 ], path.slots[0 ],
struct btrfs_file_extent_item);
extent_end = btrfs_file_extent_end(&path);
/*
* | < - file extent - > | |
* \ - start
*
* We haven ' t reached start , search next slot .
*/
if (extent_end <= start)
goto next;
/* Now this extent covers @start, convert it to em */
btrfs_extent_item_to_extent_map(inode, &path, fi, em);
break ;
next:
ret = btrfs_next_item(root, &path);
if (ret < 0 )
goto err;
if (ret > 0 )
goto not_found;
}
btrfs_release_path(&path);
return em;
not_found:
btrfs_release_path(&path);
btrfs_free_extent_map(em);
return NULL;
err:
btrfs_release_path(&path);
btrfs_free_extent_map(em);
return ERR_PTR(ret);
}
static struct extent_map *defrag_lookup_extent(struct inode *inode, u64 start,
u64 newer_than, bool locked)
{
struct extent_map_tree *em_tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->extent_tree;
struct extent_io_tree *io_tree = &BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree;
struct extent_map *em;
const u32 sectorsize = BTRFS_I(inode)->root->fs_info->sectorsize;
/*
* Hopefully we have this extent in the tree already , try without the
* full extent lock .
*/
read_lock(&em_tree->lock);
em = btrfs_lookup_extent_mapping(em_tree, start, sectorsize);
read_unlock(&em_tree->lock);
/*
* We can get a merged extent , in that case , we need to re - search
* tree to get the original em for defrag .
*
* This is because even if we have adjacent extents that are contiguous
* and compatible ( same type and flags ) , we still want to defrag them
* so that we use less metadata ( extent items in the extent tree and
* file extent items in the inode ' s subvolume tree ) .
*/
if (em && (em->flags & EXTENT_FLAG_MERGED)) {
btrfs_free_extent_map(em);
em = NULL;
}
if (!em) {
struct extent_state *cached = NULL;
u64 end = start + sectorsize - 1 ;
/* Get the big lock and read metadata off disk. */
if (!locked)
btrfs_lock_extent(io_tree, start, end, &cached);
em = defrag_get_extent(BTRFS_I(inode), start, newer_than);
if (!locked)
btrfs_unlock_extent(io_tree, start, end, &cached);
if (IS_ERR(em))
return NULL;
}
return em;
}
static u32 get_extent_max_capacity(const struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info,
const struct extent_map *em)
{
if (btrfs_extent_map_is_compressed(em))
return BTRFS_MAX_COMPRESSED;
return fs_info->max_extent_size;
}
static bool defrag_check_next_extent(struct inode *inode, struct extent_map *em,
u32 extent_thresh, u64 newer_than, bool locked)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode_to_fs_info(inode);
struct extent_map *next;
bool ret = false ;
/* This is the last extent */
if (em->start + em->len >= i_size_read(inode))
return false ;
/*
* Here we need to pass @ newer_then when checking the next extent , or
* we will hit a case we mark current extent for defrag , but the next
* one will not be a target .
* This will just cause extra IO without really reducing the fragments .
*/
next = defrag_lookup_extent(inode, em->start + em->len, newer_than, locked);
/* No more em or hole */
if (!next || next->disk_bytenr >= EXTENT_MAP_LAST_BYTE)
goto out;
if (next->flags & EXTENT_FLAG_PREALLOC)
goto out;
/*
* If the next extent is at its max capacity , defragging current extent
* makes no sense , as the total number of extents won ' t change .
*/
if (next->len >= get_extent_max_capacity(fs_info, em))
goto out;
/* Skip older extent */
if (next->generation < newer_than)
goto out;
/* Also check extent size */
if (next->len >= extent_thresh)
goto out;
ret = true ;
out:
btrfs_free_extent_map(next);
return ret;
}
/*
* Prepare one page to be defragged .
*
* This will ensure :
*
* - Returned page is locked and has been set up properly .
* - No ordered extent exists in the page .
* - The page is uptodate .
*
* NOTE : Caller should also wait for page writeback after the cluster is
* prepared , here we don ' t do writeback wait for each page .
*/
static struct folio *defrag_prepare_one_folio(struct btrfs_inode *inode, pgoff_t index)
{
struct address_space *mapping = inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping;
gfp_t mask = btrfs_alloc_write_mask(mapping);
u64 lock_start;
u64 lock_end;
struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
struct folio *folio;
int ret;
again:
/* TODO: Add order fgp order flags when large folios are fully enabled. */
folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, index,
FGP_LOCK | FGP_ACCESSED | FGP_CREAT, mask);
if (IS_ERR(folio))
return folio;
/*
* Since we can defragment files opened read - only , we can encounter
* transparent huge pages here ( see CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS ) .
*
* The IO for such large folios is not fully tested , thus return
* an error to reject such folios unless it ' s an experimental build .
*
* Filesystem transparent huge pages are typically only used for
* executables that explicitly enable them , so this isn ' t very
* restrictive .
*/
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BTRFS_EXPERIMENTAL) && folio_test_large(folio)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
return ERR_PTR(-ETXTBSY);
}
ret = set_folio_extent_mapped(folio);
if (ret < 0 ) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
return ERR_PTR(ret);
}
lock_start = folio_pos(folio);
lock_end = folio_end(folio) - 1 ;
/* Wait for any existing ordered extent in the range */
while (1 ) {
struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
btrfs_lock_extent(&inode->io_tree, lock_start, lock_end, &cached_state);
ordered = btrfs_lookup_ordered_range(inode, lock_start, folio_size(folio));
btrfs_unlock_extent(&inode->io_tree, lock_start, lock_end, &cached_state);
if (!ordered)
break ;
folio_unlock(folio);
btrfs_start_ordered_extent(ordered);
btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
folio_lock(folio);
/*
* We unlocked the folio above , so we need check if it was
* released or not .
*/
if (folio->mapping != mapping || !folio->private ) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto again;
}
}
/*
* Now the page range has no ordered extent any more . Read the page to
* make it uptodate .
*/
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
btrfs_read_folio(NULL, folio);
folio_lock(folio);
if (folio->mapping != mapping || !folio->private ) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
goto again;
}
if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
folio_unlock(folio);
folio_put(folio);
return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
}
}
return folio;
}
struct defrag_target_range {
struct list_head list;
u64 start;
u64 len;
};
/*
* Collect all valid target extents .
*
* @ start : file offset to lookup
* @ len : length to lookup
* @ extent_thresh : file extent size threshold , any extent size > = this value
* will be ignored
* @ newer_than : only defrag extents newer than this value
* @ do_compress : whether the defrag is doing compression or no - compression
* if true , @ extent_thresh will be ignored and all regular
* file extents meeting @ newer_than will be targets .
* @ locked : if the range has already held extent lock
* @ target_list : list of targets file extents
*/
static int defrag_collect_targets(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
u64 start, u64 len, u32 extent_thresh,
u64 newer_than, bool do_compress,
bool locked, struct list_head *target_list,
u64 *last_scanned_ret)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
bool last_is_target = false ;
u64 cur = start;
int ret = 0 ;
while (cur < start + len) {
struct extent_map *em;
struct defrag_target_range *new ;
bool next_mergeable = true ;
u64 range_len;
last_is_target = false ;
em = defrag_lookup_extent(&inode->vfs_inode, cur, newer_than, locked);
if (!em)
break ;
/*
* If the file extent is an inlined one , we may still want to
* defrag it ( fallthrough ) if it will cause a regular extent .
* This is for users who want to convert inline extents to
* regular ones through max_inline = mount option .
*/
if (em->disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_INLINE &&
em->len <= inode->root->fs_info->max_inline)
goto next;
/* Skip holes and preallocated extents. */
if (em->disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_HOLE ||
(em->flags & EXTENT_FLAG_PREALLOC))
goto next;
/* Skip older extent */
if (em->generation < newer_than)
goto next;
/* This em is under writeback, no need to defrag */
if (em->generation == (u64)-1 )
goto next;
/*
* Our start offset might be in the middle of an existing extent
* map , so take that into account .
*/
range_len = em->len - (cur - em->start);
/*
* If this range of the extent map is already flagged for delalloc ,
* skip it , because :
*
* 1 ) We could deadlock later , when trying to reserve space for
* delalloc , because in case we can ' t immediately reserve space
* the flusher can start delalloc and wait for the respective
* ordered extents to complete . The deadlock would happen
* because we do the space reservation while holding the range
* locked , and starting writeback , or finishing an ordered
* extent , requires locking the range ;
*
* 2 ) If there ' s delalloc there , it means there ' s dirty pages for
* which writeback has not started yet ( we clean the delalloc
* flag when starting writeback and after creating an ordered
* extent ) . If we mark pages in an adjacent range for defrag ,
* then we will have a larger contiguous range for delalloc ,
* very likely resulting in a larger extent after writeback is
* triggered ( except in a case of free space fragmentation ) .
*/
if (btrfs_test_range_bit_exists(&inode->io_tree, cur, cur + range_len - 1 ,
EXTENT_DELALLOC))
goto next;
/*
* For do_compress case , we want to compress all valid file
* extents , thus no @ extent_thresh or mergeable check .
*/
if (do_compress)
goto add;
/* Skip too large extent */
if (em->len >= extent_thresh)
goto next;
/*
* Skip extents already at its max capacity , this is mostly for
* compressed extents , which max cap is only 128 K .
*/
if (em->len >= get_extent_max_capacity(fs_info, em))
goto next;
/*
* Normally there are no more extents after an inline one , thus
* @ next_mergeable will normally be false and not defragged .
* So if an inline extent passed all above checks , just add it
* for defrag , and be converted to regular extents .
*/
if (em->disk_bytenr == EXTENT_MAP_INLINE)
goto add;
next_mergeable = defrag_check_next_extent(&inode->vfs_inode, em,
extent_thresh, newer_than, locked);
if (!next_mergeable) {
struct defrag_target_range *last;
/* Empty target list, no way to merge with last entry */
if (list_empty(target_list))
goto next;
last = list_last_entry(target_list,
struct defrag_target_range, list);
/* Not mergeable with last entry */
if (last->start + last->len != cur)
goto next;
/* Mergeable, fall through to add it to @target_list. */
}
add:
last_is_target = true ;
range_len = min(btrfs_extent_map_end(em), start + len) - cur;
/*
* This one is a good target , check if it can be merged into
* last range of the target list .
*/
if (!list_empty(target_list)) {
struct defrag_target_range *last;
last = list_last_entry(target_list,
struct defrag_target_range, list);
ASSERT(last->start + last->len <= cur);
if (last->start + last->len == cur) {
/* Mergeable, enlarge the last entry */
last->len += range_len;
goto next;
}
/* Fall through to allocate a new entry */
}
/* Allocate new defrag_target_range */
new = kmalloc(sizeof (*new ), GFP_NOFS);
if (!new ) {
btrfs_free_extent_map(em);
ret = -ENOMEM;
break ;
}
new ->start = cur;
new ->len = range_len;
list_add_tail(&new ->list, target_list);
next:
cur = btrfs_extent_map_end(em);
btrfs_free_extent_map(em);
}
if (ret < 0 ) {
struct defrag_target_range *entry;
struct defrag_target_range *tmp;
list_for_each_entry_safe(entry, tmp, target_list, list) {
list_del_init(&entry->list);
kfree(entry);
}
}
if (!ret && last_scanned_ret) {
/*
* If the last extent is not a target , the caller can skip to
* the end of that extent .
* Otherwise , we can only go the end of the specified range .
*/
if (!last_is_target)
*last_scanned_ret = max(cur, *last_scanned_ret);
else
*last_scanned_ret = max(start + len, *last_scanned_ret);
}
return ret;
}
#define CLUSTER_SIZE (SZ_256K)
static_assert(PAGE_ALIGNED(CLUSTER_SIZE));
/*
* Defrag one contiguous target range .
*
* @ inode : target inode
* @ target : target range to defrag
* @ pages : locked pages covering the defrag range
* @ nr_pages : number of locked pages
*
* Caller should ensure :
*
* - Pages are prepared
* Pages should be locked , no ordered extent in the pages range ,
* no writeback .
*
* - Extent bits are locked
*/
static int defrag_one_locked_target(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
struct defrag_target_range *target,
struct folio **folios, int nr_pages,
struct extent_state **cached_state)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
struct extent_changeset *data_reserved = NULL;
const u64 start = target->start;
const u64 len = target->len;
int ret = 0 ;
ret = btrfs_delalloc_reserve_space(inode, &data_reserved, start, len);
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
btrfs_clear_extent_bit(&inode->io_tree, start, start + len - 1 ,
EXTENT_DELALLOC | EXTENT_DO_ACCOUNTING |
EXTENT_DEFRAG, cached_state);
btrfs_set_extent_bit(&inode->io_tree, start, start + len - 1 ,
EXTENT_DELALLOC | EXTENT_DEFRAG, cached_state);
/*
* Update the page status .
* Due to possible large folios , we have to check all folios one by one .
*/
for (int i = 0 ; i < nr_pages && folios[i]; i++) {
struct folio *folio = folios[i];
if (!folio)
break ;
if (start >= folio_end(folio) || start + len <= folio_pos(folio))
continue ;
btrfs_folio_clamp_clear_checked(fs_info, folio, start, len);
btrfs_folio_clamp_set_dirty(fs_info, folio, start, len);
}
btrfs_delalloc_release_extents(inode, len);
extent_changeset_free(data_reserved);
return ret;
}
static int defrag_one_range(struct btrfs_inode *inode, u64 start, u32 len,
u32 extent_thresh, u64 newer_than, bool do_compress,
u64 *last_scanned_ret)
{
struct extent_state *cached_state = NULL;
struct defrag_target_range *entry;
struct defrag_target_range *tmp;
LIST_HEAD(target_list);
struct folio **folios;
const u32 sectorsize = inode->root->fs_info->sectorsize;
u64 cur = start;
const unsigned int nr_pages = ((start + len - 1 ) >> PAGE_SHIFT) -
(start >> PAGE_SHIFT) + 1 ;
int ret = 0 ;
ASSERT(nr_pages <= CLUSTER_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
ASSERT(IS_ALIGNED(start, sectorsize) && IS_ALIGNED(len, sectorsize));
folios = kcalloc(nr_pages, sizeof (struct folio *), GFP_NOFS);
if (!folios)
return -ENOMEM;
/* Prepare all pages */
for (int i = 0 ; cur < start + len && i < nr_pages; i++) {
folios[i] = defrag_prepare_one_folio(inode, cur >> PAGE_SHIFT);
if (IS_ERR(folios[i])) {
ret = PTR_ERR(folios[i]);
folios[i] = NULL;
goto free_folios;
}
cur = folio_end(folios[i]);
}
for (int i = 0 ; i < nr_pages; i++) {
if (!folios[i])
break ;
folio_wait_writeback(folios[i]);
}
/* We should get at least one folio. */
ASSERT(folios[0 ]);
/* Lock the pages range */
btrfs_lock_extent(&inode->io_tree, folio_pos(folios[0 ]), cur - 1 , &cached_state);
/*
* Now we have a consistent view about the extent map , re - check
* which range really needs to be defragged .
*
* And this time we have extent locked already , pass @ locked = true
* so that we won ' t relock the extent range and cause deadlock .
*/
ret = defrag_collect_targets(inode, start, len, extent_thresh,
newer_than, do_compress, true ,
&target_list, last_scanned_ret);
if (ret < 0 )
goto unlock_extent;
list_for_each_entry(entry, &target_list, list) {
ret = defrag_one_locked_target(inode, entry, folios, nr_pages,
&cached_state);
if (ret < 0 )
break ;
}
list_for_each_entry_safe(entry, tmp, &target_list, list) {
list_del_init(&entry->list);
kfree(entry);
}
unlock_extent:
btrfs_unlock_extent(&inode->io_tree, folio_pos(folios[0 ]), cur - 1 , &cached_state);
free_folios:
for (int i = 0 ; i < nr_pages; i++) {
if (!folios[i])
break ;
folio_unlock(folios[i]);
folio_put(folios[i]);
}
kfree(folios);
return ret;
}
static int defrag_one_cluster(struct btrfs_inode *inode,
struct file_ra_state *ra,
u64 start, u32 len, u32 extent_thresh,
u64 newer_than, bool do_compress,
unsigned long *sectors_defragged,
unsigned long max_sectors,
u64 *last_scanned_ret)
{
const u32 sectorsize = inode->root->fs_info->sectorsize;
struct defrag_target_range *entry;
struct defrag_target_range *tmp;
LIST_HEAD(target_list);
int ret;
ret = defrag_collect_targets(inode, start, len, extent_thresh,
newer_than, do_compress, false ,
&target_list, NULL);
if (ret < 0 )
goto out;
list_for_each_entry(entry, &target_list, list) {
u32 range_len = entry->len;
/* Reached or beyond the limit */
if (max_sectors && *sectors_defragged >= max_sectors) {
ret = 1 ;
break ;
}
if (max_sectors)
range_len = min_t(u32, range_len,
(max_sectors - *sectors_defragged) * sectorsize);
/*
* If defrag_one_range ( ) has updated last_scanned_ret ,
* our range may already be invalid ( e . g . hole punched ) .
* Skip if our range is before last_scanned_ret , as there is
* no need to defrag the range anymore .
*/
if (entry->start + range_len <= *last_scanned_ret)
continue ;
page_cache_sync_readahead(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping,
ra, NULL, entry->start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
((entry->start + range_len - 1 ) >> PAGE_SHIFT) -
(entry->start >> PAGE_SHIFT) + 1 );
/*
* Here we may not defrag any range if holes are punched before
* we locked the pages .
* But that ' s fine , it only affects the @ sectors_defragged
* accounting .
*/
ret = defrag_one_range(inode, entry->start, range_len,
extent_thresh, newer_than, do_compress,
last_scanned_ret);
if (ret < 0 )
break ;
*sectors_defragged += range_len >>
inode->root->fs_info->sectorsize_bits;
}
out:
list_for_each_entry_safe(entry, tmp, &target_list, list) {
list_del_init(&entry->list);
kfree(entry);
}
if (ret >= 0 )
*last_scanned_ret = max(*last_scanned_ret, start + len);
return ret;
}
/*
* Entry point to file defragmentation .
*
* @ inode : inode to be defragged
* @ ra : readahead state
* @ range : defrag options including range and flags
* @ newer_than : minimum transid to defrag
* @ max_to_defrag : max number of sectors to be defragged , if 0 , the whole inode
* will be defragged .
*
* Return < 0 for error .
* Return > = 0 for the number of sectors defragged , and range - > start will be updated
* to indicate the file offset where next defrag should be started at .
* ( Mostly for autodefrag , which sets @ max_to_defrag thus we may exit early without
* defragging all the range ) .
*/
int btrfs_defrag_file(struct btrfs_inode *inode, struct file_ra_state *ra,
struct btrfs_ioctl_defrag_range_args *range,
u64 newer_than, unsigned long max_to_defrag)
{
struct btrfs_fs_info *fs_info = inode->root->fs_info;
unsigned long sectors_defragged = 0 ;
u64 isize = i_size_read(&inode->vfs_inode);
u64 cur;
u64 last_byte;
bool do_compress = (range->flags & BTRFS_DEFRAG_RANGE_COMPRESS);
bool no_compress = (range->flags & BTRFS_DEFRAG_RANGE_NOCOMPRESS);
int compress_type = BTRFS_COMPRESS_ZLIB;
int compress_level = 0 ;
int ret = 0 ;
u32 extent_thresh = range->extent_thresh;
pgoff_t start_index;
ASSERT(ra);
if (isize == 0 )
return 0 ;
if (range->start >= isize)
return -EINVAL;
if (do_compress) {
if (range->flags & BTRFS_DEFRAG_RANGE_COMPRESS_LEVEL) {
if (range->compress.type >= BTRFS_NR_COMPRESS_TYPES)
return -EINVAL;
if (range->compress.type) {
compress_type = range->compress.type;
compress_level = range->compress.level;
if (!btrfs_compress_level_valid(compress_type, compress_level))
return -EINVAL;
}
} else {
if (range->compress_type >= BTRFS_NR_COMPRESS_TYPES)
return -EINVAL;
if (range->compress_type)
compress_type = range->compress_type;
}
} else if (range->flags & BTRFS_DEFRAG_RANGE_NOCOMPRESS) {
compress_type = BTRFS_DEFRAG_DONT_COMPRESS;
compress_level = 1 ;
}
if (extent_thresh == 0 )
extent_thresh = SZ_256K;
if (range->start + range->len > range->start) {
/* Got a specific range */
last_byte = min(isize, range->start + range->len);
} else {
/* Defrag until file end */
last_byte = isize;
}
/* Align the range */
cur = round_down(range->start, fs_info->sectorsize);
last_byte = round_up(last_byte, fs_info->sectorsize) - 1 ;
/*
* Make writeback start from the beginning of the range , so that the
* defrag range can be written sequentially .
*/
start_index = cur >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if (start_index < inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping->writeback_index)
inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping->writeback_index = start_index;
while (cur < last_byte) {
const unsigned long prev_sectors_defragged = sectors_defragged;
u64 last_scanned = cur;
u64 cluster_end;
if (btrfs_defrag_cancelled(fs_info)) {
ret = -EAGAIN;
break ;
}
/* We want the cluster end at page boundary when possible */
cluster_end = (((cur >> PAGE_SHIFT) +
(SZ_256K >> PAGE_SHIFT)) << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1 ;
cluster_end = min(cluster_end, last_byte);
btrfs_inode_lock(inode, 0 );
if (IS_SWAPFILE(&inode->vfs_inode)) {
ret = -ETXTBSY;
btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, 0 );
break ;
}
if (!(inode->vfs_inode.i_sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE)) {
btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, 0 );
break ;
}
if (do_compress || no_compress) {
inode->defrag_compress = compress_type;
inode->defrag_compress_level = compress_level;
}
ret = defrag_one_cluster(inode, ra, cur,
cluster_end + 1 - cur, extent_thresh,
newer_than, do_compress || no_compress,
§ors_defragged,
max_to_defrag, &last_scanned);
if (sectors_defragged > prev_sectors_defragged)
balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping);
btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, 0 );
if (ret < 0 )
break ;
cur = max(cluster_end + 1 , last_scanned);
if (ret > 0 ) {
ret = 0 ;
break ;
}
cond_resched();
}
/*
* Update range . start for autodefrag , this will indicate where to start
* in next run .
*/
range->start = cur;
if (sectors_defragged) {
/*
* We have defragged some sectors , for compression case they
* need to be written back immediately .
*/
if (range->flags & BTRFS_DEFRAG_RANGE_START_IO) {
filemap_flush(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping);
if (test_bit(BTRFS_INODE_HAS_ASYNC_EXTENT,
&inode->runtime_flags))
filemap_flush(inode->vfs_inode.i_mapping);
}
if (range->compress_type == BTRFS_COMPRESS_LZO)
btrfs_set_fs_incompat(fs_info, COMPRESS_LZO);
else if (range->compress_type == BTRFS_COMPRESS_ZSTD)
btrfs_set_fs_incompat(fs_info, COMPRESS_ZSTD);
ret = sectors_defragged;
}
if (do_compress || no_compress) {
btrfs_inode_lock(inode, 0 );
inode->defrag_compress = BTRFS_COMPRESS_NONE;
btrfs_inode_unlock(inode, 0 );
}
return ret;
}
void __cold btrfs_auto_defrag_exit(void )
{
kmem_cache_destroy(btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep);
}
int __init btrfs_auto_defrag_init(void )
{
btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep = kmem_cache_create("btrfs_inode_defrag" ,
sizeof (struct inode_defrag), 0 , 0 , NULL);
if (!btrfs_inode_defrag_cachep)
return -ENOMEM;
return 0 ;
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=95 H=79 G=87
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.30 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-29)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland