// SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0 OR BSD-3-Clause)
/*
* Copyright ( C ) 2017 - 2024 Jason A . Donenfeld < Jason @ zx2c4 . com > . All Rights Reserved .
* Copyright Matt Mackall < mpm @ selenic . com > , 2003 , 2004 , 2005
* Copyright Theodore Ts ' o , 1994 , 1995 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 , 1999 . All rights reserved .
*
* This driver produces cryptographically secure pseudorandom data . It is divided
* into roughly six sections , each with a section header :
*
* - Initialization and readiness waiting .
* - Fast key erasure RNG , the " crng " .
* - Entropy accumulation and extraction routines .
* - Entropy collection routines .
* - Userspace reader / writer interfaces .
* - Sysctl interface .
*
* The high level overview is that there is one input pool , into which
* various pieces of data are hashed . Prior to initialization , some of that
* data is then " credited " as having a certain number of bits of entropy .
* When enough bits of entropy are available , the hash is finalized and
* handed as a key to a stream cipher that expands it indefinitely for
* various consumers . This key is periodically refreshed as the various
* entropy collectors , described below , add data to the input pool .
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/utsname.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/major.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/nodemask.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/uuid.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/suspend.h>
#include <linux/siphash.h>
#include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
#include <crypto/chacha.h>
#include <crypto/blake2s.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_VDSO_GETRANDOM
#include <vdso/getrandom.h>
#include <vdso/datapage.h>
#include <vdso/vsyscall.h>
#endif
#include <asm /archrandom.h>
#include <asm /processor.h>
#include <asm /irq.h>
#include <asm /irq_regs.h>
#include <asm /io.h>
/*********************************************************************
*
* Initialization and readiness waiting .
*
* Much of the RNG infrastructure is devoted to various dependencies
* being able to wait until the RNG has collected enough entropy and
* is ready for safe consumption .
*
*********************************************************************/
/*
* crng_init is protected by base_crng - > lock , and only increases
* its value ( from empty - > early - > ready ) .
*/
static enum {
CRNG_EMPTY = 0 , /* Little to no entropy collected */
CRNG_EARLY = 1 , /* At least POOL_EARLY_BITS collected */
CRNG_READY = 2 /* Fully initialized with POOL_READY_BITS collected */
} crng_init __read_mostly = CRNG_EMPTY;
static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(crng_is_ready);
#define crng_ready() (static_branch_likely(&crng_is_ready) || crng_init >= CRNG_READY)
/* Various types of waiters for crng_init->CRNG_READY transition. */
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(crng_init_wait);
static struct fasync_struct *fasync;
static ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(random_ready_notifier);
/* Control how we warn userspace. */
static struct ratelimit_state urandom_warning =
RATELIMIT_STATE_INIT_FLAGS("urandom_warning" , HZ, 3 , RATELIMIT_MSG_ON_RELEASE);
static int ratelimit_disable __read_mostly =
IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM);
module_param_named(ratelimit_disable, ratelimit_disable, int , 0644 );
MODULE_PARM_DESC(ratelimit_disable, "Disable random ratelimit suppression" );
/*
* Returns whether or not the input pool has been seeded and thus guaranteed
* to supply cryptographically secure random numbers . This applies to : the
* / dev / urandom device , the get_random_bytes function , and the get_random_ { u8 ,
* u16 , u32 , u64 , long } family of functions .
*
* Returns : true if the input pool has been seeded .
* false if the input pool has not been seeded .
*/
bool rng_is_initialized(void )
{
return crng_ready();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(rng_is_initialized);
static void __cold crng_set_ready(struct work_struct *work)
{
static_branch_enable(&crng_is_ready);
}
/* Used by wait_for_random_bytes(), and considered an entropy collector, below. */
static void try_to_generate_entropy(void );
/*
* Wait for the input pool to be seeded and thus guaranteed to supply
* cryptographically secure random numbers . This applies to : the / dev / urandom
* device , the get_random_bytes function , and the get_random_ { u8 , u16 , u32 , u64 ,
* long } family of functions . Using any of these functions without first
* calling this function forfeits the guarantee of security .
*
* Returns : 0 if the input pool has been seeded .
* - ERESTARTSYS if the function was interrupted by a signal .
*/
int wait_for_random_bytes(void )
{
while (!crng_ready()) {
int ret;
try_to_generate_entropy();
ret = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(crng_init_wait, crng_ready(), HZ);
if (ret)
return ret > 0 ? 0 : ret;
}
return 0 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_for_random_bytes);
/*
* Add a callback function that will be invoked when the crng is initialised ,
* or immediately if it already has been . Only use this is you are absolutely
* sure it is required . Most users should instead be able to test
* ` rng_is_initialized ( ) ` on demand , or make use of ` get_random_bytes_wait ( ) ` .
*/
int __cold execute_with_initialized_rng(struct notifier_block *nb)
{
unsigned long flags;
int ret = 0 ;
spin_lock_irqsave(&random_ready_notifier.lock, flags);
if (crng_ready())
nb->notifier_call(nb, 0 , NULL);
else
ret = raw_notifier_chain_register((struct raw_notifier_head *)&random_ready_notifier.head, nb);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&random_ready_notifier.lock, flags);
return ret;
}
#define warn_unseeded_randomness() \
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM) && !crng_ready()) \
printk_deferred(KERN_NOTICE "random: %s called from %pS with crng_init=%d\n" , \
__func__, (void *)_RET_IP_, crng_init)
/*********************************************************************
*
* Fast key erasure RNG , the " crng " .
*
* These functions expand entropy from the entropy extractor into
* long streams for external consumption using the " fast key erasure "
* RNG described at < https : //blog.cr.yp.to/20170723-random.html>.
*
* There are a few exported interfaces for use by other drivers :
*
* void get_random_bytes ( void * buf , size_t len )
* u8 get_random_u8 ( )
* u16 get_random_u16 ( )
* u32 get_random_u32 ( )
* u32 get_random_u32_below ( u32 ceil )
* u32 get_random_u32_above ( u32 floor )
* u32 get_random_u32_inclusive ( u32 floor , u32 ceil )
* u64 get_random_u64 ( )
* unsigned long get_random_long ( )
*
* These interfaces will return the requested number of random bytes
* into the given buffer or as a return value . This is equivalent to
* a read from / dev / urandom . The u8 , u16 , u32 , u64 , long family of
* functions may be higher performance for one - off random integers ,
* because they do a bit of buffering and do not invoke reseeding
* until the buffer is emptied .
*
*********************************************************************/
enum {
CRNG_RESEED_START_INTERVAL = HZ,
CRNG_RESEED_INTERVAL = 60 * HZ
};
static struct {
u8 key[CHACHA_KEY_SIZE] __aligned(__alignof__(long ));
unsigned long generation;
spinlock_t lock;
} base_crng = {
.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(base_crng.lock)
};
struct crng {
u8 key[CHACHA_KEY_SIZE];
unsigned long generation;
local_lock_t lock;
};
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct crng, crngs) = {
.generation = ULONG_MAX,
.lock = INIT_LOCAL_LOCK(crngs.lock),
};
/*
* Return the interval until the next reseeding , which is normally
* CRNG_RESEED_INTERVAL , but during early boot , it is at an interval
* proportional to the uptime .
*/
static unsigned int crng_reseed_interval(void )
{
static bool early_boot = true ;
if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(early_boot))) {
time64_t uptime = ktime_get_seconds();
if (uptime >= CRNG_RESEED_INTERVAL / HZ * 2 )
WRITE_ONCE(early_boot, false );
else
return max_t(unsigned int , CRNG_RESEED_START_INTERVAL,
(unsigned int )uptime / 2 * HZ);
}
return CRNG_RESEED_INTERVAL;
}
/* Used by crng_reseed() and crng_make_state() to extract a new seed from the input pool. */
static void extract_entropy(void *buf, size_t len);
/* This extracts a new crng key from the input pool. */
static void crng_reseed(struct work_struct *work)
{
static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(next_reseed, crng_reseed);
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long next_gen;
u8 key[CHACHA_KEY_SIZE];
/* Immediately schedule the next reseeding, so that it fires sooner rather than later. */
if (likely(system_unbound_wq))
queue_delayed_work(system_unbound_wq, &next_reseed, crng_reseed_interval());
extract_entropy(key, sizeof (key));
/*
* We copy the new key into the base_crng , overwriting the old one ,
* and update the generation counter . We avoid hitting ULONG_MAX ,
* because the per - cpu crngs are initialized to ULONG_MAX , so this
* forces new CPUs that come online to always initialize .
*/
spin_lock_irqsave(&base_crng.lock, flags);
memcpy(base_crng.key, key, sizeof (base_crng.key));
next_gen = base_crng.generation + 1 ;
if (next_gen == ULONG_MAX)
++next_gen;
WRITE_ONCE(base_crng.generation, next_gen);
#ifdef CONFIG_VDSO_GETRANDOM
/* base_crng.generation's invalid value is ULONG_MAX, while
* vdso_k_rng_data - > generation ' s invalid value is 0 , so add one to the
* former to arrive at the latter . Use smp_store_release so that this
* is ordered with the write above to base_crng . generation . Pairs with
* the smp_rmb ( ) before the syscall in the vDSO code .
*
* Cast to unsigned long for 32 - bit architectures , since atomic 64 - bit
* operations are not supported on those architectures . This is safe
* because base_crng . generation is a 32 - bit value . On big - endian
* architectures it will be stored in the upper 32 bits , but that ' s okay
* because the vDSO side only checks whether the value changed , without
* actually using or interpreting the value .
*/
smp_store_release((unsigned long *)&vdso_k_rng_data->generation, next_gen + 1 );
#endif
if (!static_branch_likely(&crng_is_ready))
crng_init = CRNG_READY;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base_crng.lock, flags);
memzero_explicit(key, sizeof (key));
}
/*
* This generates a ChaCha block using the provided key , and then
* immediately overwrites that key with half the block . It returns
* the resultant ChaCha state to the user , along with the second
* half of the block containing 32 bytes of random data that may
* be used ; random_data_len may not be greater than 32 .
*
* The returned ChaCha state contains within it a copy of the old
* key value , at index 4 , so the state should always be zeroed out
* immediately after using in order to maintain forward secrecy .
* If the state cannot be erased in a timely manner , then it is
* safer to set the random_data parameter to & chacha_state - > x [ 4 ]
* so that this function overwrites it before returning .
*/
static void crng_fast_key_erasure(u8 key[CHACHA_KEY_SIZE],
struct chacha_state *chacha_state,
u8 *random_data, size_t random_data_len)
{
u8 first_block[CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE];
BUG_ON(random_data_len > 32 );
chacha_init_consts(chacha_state);
memcpy(&chacha_state->x[4 ], key, CHACHA_KEY_SIZE);
memset(&chacha_state->x[12 ], 0 , sizeof (u32) * 4 );
chacha20_block(chacha_state, first_block);
memcpy(key, first_block, CHACHA_KEY_SIZE);
memcpy(random_data, first_block + CHACHA_KEY_SIZE, random_data_len);
memzero_explicit(first_block, sizeof (first_block));
}
/*
* This function returns a ChaCha state that you may use for generating
* random data . It also returns up to 32 bytes on its own of random data
* that may be used ; random_data_len may not be greater than 32 .
*/
static void crng_make_state(struct chacha_state *chacha_state,
u8 *random_data, size_t random_data_len)
{
unsigned long flags;
struct crng *crng;
BUG_ON(random_data_len > 32 );
/*
* For the fast path , we check whether we ' re ready , unlocked first , and
* then re - check once locked later . In the case where we ' re really not
* ready , we do fast key erasure with the base_crng directly , extracting
* when crng_init is CRNG_EMPTY .
*/
if (!crng_ready()) {
bool ready;
spin_lock_irqsave(&base_crng.lock, flags);
ready = crng_ready();
if (!ready) {
if (crng_init == CRNG_EMPTY)
extract_entropy(base_crng.key, sizeof (base_crng.key));
crng_fast_key_erasure(base_crng.key, chacha_state,
random_data, random_data_len);
}
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base_crng.lock, flags);
if (!ready)
return ;
}
local_lock_irqsave(&crngs.lock, flags);
crng = raw_cpu_ptr(&crngs);
/*
* If our per - cpu crng is older than the base_crng , then it means
* somebody reseeded the base_crng . In that case , we do fast key
* erasure on the base_crng , and use its output as the new key
* for our per - cpu crng . This brings us up to date with base_crng .
*/
if (unlikely(crng->generation != READ_ONCE(base_crng.generation))) {
spin_lock(&base_crng.lock);
crng_fast_key_erasure(base_crng.key, chacha_state,
crng->key, sizeof (crng->key));
crng->generation = base_crng.generation;
spin_unlock(&base_crng.lock);
}
/*
* Finally , when we ' ve made it this far , our per - cpu crng has an up
* to date key , and we can do fast key erasure with it to produce
* some random data and a ChaCha state for the caller . All other
* branches of this function are " unlikely " , so most of the time we
* should wind up here immediately .
*/
crng_fast_key_erasure(crng->key, chacha_state, random_data, random_data_len);
local_unlock_irqrestore(&crngs.lock, flags);
}
static void _get_random_bytes(void *buf, size_t len)
{
struct chacha_state chacha_state;
u8 tmp[CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE];
size_t first_block_len;
if (!len)
return ;
first_block_len = min_t(size_t, 32 , len);
crng_make_state(&chacha_state, buf, first_block_len);
len -= first_block_len;
buf += first_block_len;
while (len) {
if (len < CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE) {
chacha20_block(&chacha_state, tmp);
memcpy(buf, tmp, len);
memzero_explicit(tmp, sizeof (tmp));
break ;
}
chacha20_block(&chacha_state, buf);
if (unlikely(chacha_state.x[12 ] == 0 ))
++chacha_state.x[13 ];
len -= CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE;
buf += CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE;
}
chacha_zeroize_state(&chacha_state);
}
/*
* This returns random bytes in arbitrary quantities . The quality of the
* random bytes is good as / dev / urandom . In order to ensure that the
* randomness provided by this function is okay , the function
* wait_for_random_bytes ( ) should be called and return 0 at least once
* at any point prior .
*/
void get_random_bytes(void *buf, size_t len)
{
warn_unseeded_randomness();
_get_random_bytes(buf, len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_random_bytes);
static ssize_t get_random_bytes_user(struct iov_iter *iter)
{
struct chacha_state chacha_state;
u8 block[CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE];
size_t ret = 0 , copied;
if (unlikely(!iov_iter_count(iter)))
return 0 ;
/*
* Immediately overwrite the ChaCha key at index 4 with random
* bytes , in case userspace causes copy_to_iter ( ) below to sleep
* forever , so that we still retain forward secrecy in that case .
*/
crng_make_state(&chacha_state, (u8 *)&chacha_state.x[4 ],
CHACHA_KEY_SIZE);
/*
* However , if we ' re doing a read of len < = 32 , we don ' t need to
* use chacha_state after , so we can simply return those bytes to
* the user directly .
*/
if (iov_iter_count(iter) <= CHACHA_KEY_SIZE) {
ret = copy_to_iter(&chacha_state.x[4 ], CHACHA_KEY_SIZE, iter);
goto out_zero_chacha;
}
for (;;) {
chacha20_block(&chacha_state, block);
if (unlikely(chacha_state.x[12 ] == 0 ))
++chacha_state.x[13 ];
copied = copy_to_iter(block, sizeof (block), iter);
ret += copied;
if (!iov_iter_count(iter) || copied != sizeof (block))
break ;
BUILD_BUG_ON(PAGE_SIZE % sizeof (block) != 0 );
if (ret % PAGE_SIZE == 0 ) {
if (signal_pending(current))
break ;
cond_resched();
}
}
memzero_explicit(block, sizeof (block));
out_zero_chacha:
chacha_zeroize_state(&chacha_state);
return ret ? ret : -EFAULT;
}
/*
* Batched entropy returns random integers . The quality of the random
* number is good as / dev / urandom . In order to ensure that the randomness
* provided by this function is okay , the function wait_for_random_bytes ( )
* should be called and return 0 at least once at any point prior .
*/
#define DEFINE_BATCHED_ENTROPY(type) \
struct batch_ ## type { \
/* \
* We make this 1 . 5 x a ChaCha block , so that we get the \
* remaining 32 bytes from fast key erasure , plus one full \
* block from the detached ChaCha state . We can increase \
* the size of this later if needed so long as we keep the \
* formula of ( integer_blocks + 0 . 5 ) * CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE . \
*/ \
type entropy[CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE * 3 / (2 * sizeof (type))]; \
local_lock_t lock; \
unsigned long generation; \
unsigned int position; \
}; \
\
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct batch_ ## type, batched_entropy_ ## type) = { \
.lock = INIT_LOCAL_LOCK(batched_entropy_ ## type.lock), \
.position = UINT_MAX \
}; \
\
type get_random_ ## type(void ) \
{ \
type ret; \
unsigned long flags; \
struct batch_ ## type *batch; \
unsigned long next_gen; \
\
warn_unseeded_randomness(); \
\
if (!crng_ready()) { \
_get_random_bytes(&ret, sizeof (ret)); \
return ret; \
} \
\
local_lock_irqsave(&batched_entropy_ ## type.lock, flags); \
batch = raw_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_## type); \
\
next_gen = READ_ONCE(base_crng.generation); \
if (batch->position >= ARRAY_SIZE(batch->entropy) || \
next_gen != batch->generation) { \
_get_random_bytes(batch->entropy, sizeof (batch->entropy)); \
batch->position = 0 ; \
batch->generation = next_gen; \
} \
\
ret = batch->entropy[batch->position]; \
batch->entropy[batch->position] = 0 ; \
++batch->position; \
local_unlock_irqrestore(&batched_entropy_ ## type.lock, flags); \
return ret; \
} \
EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_random_ ## type);
DEFINE_BATCHED_ENTROPY(u8)
DEFINE_BATCHED_ENTROPY(u16)
DEFINE_BATCHED_ENTROPY(u32)
DEFINE_BATCHED_ENTROPY(u64)
u32 __get_random_u32_below(u32 ceil)
{
/*
* This is the slow path for variable ceil . It is still fast , most of
* the time , by doing traditional reciprocal multiplication and
* opportunistically comparing the lower half to ceil itself , before
* falling back to computing a larger bound , and then rejecting samples
* whose lower half would indicate a range indivisible by ceil . The use
* of ` - ceil % ceil ` is analogous to ` 2 ^ 32 % ceil ` , but is computable
* in 32 - bits .
*/
u32 rand = get_random_u32();
u64 mult;
/*
* This function is technically undefined for ceil = = 0 , and in fact
* for the non - underscored constant version in the header , we build bug
* on that . But for the non - constant case , it ' s convenient to have that
* evaluate to being a straight call to get_random_u32 ( ) , so that
* get_random_u32_inclusive ( ) can work over its whole range without
* undefined behavior .
*/
if (unlikely(!ceil))
return rand;
mult = (u64)ceil * rand;
if (unlikely((u32)mult < ceil)) {
u32 bound = -ceil % ceil;
while (unlikely((u32)mult < bound))
mult = (u64)ceil * get_random_u32();
}
return mult >> 32 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_random_u32_below);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/*
* This function is called when the CPU is coming up , with entry
* CPUHP_RANDOM_PREPARE , which comes before CPUHP_WORKQUEUE_PREP .
*/
int __cold random_prepare_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
{
/*
* When the cpu comes back online , immediately invalidate both
* the per - cpu crng and all batches , so that we serve fresh
* randomness .
*/
per_cpu_ptr(&crngs, cpu)->generation = ULONG_MAX;
per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u8, cpu)->position = UINT_MAX;
per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u16, cpu)->position = UINT_MAX;
per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u32, cpu)->position = UINT_MAX;
per_cpu_ptr(&batched_entropy_u64, cpu)->position = UINT_MAX;
return 0 ;
}
#endif
/**********************************************************************
*
* Entropy accumulation and extraction routines .
*
* Callers may add entropy via :
*
* static void mix_pool_bytes ( const void * buf , size_t len )
*
* After which , if added entropy should be credited :
*
* static void credit_init_bits ( size_t bits )
*
* Finally , extract entropy via :
*
* static void extract_entropy ( void * buf , size_t len )
*
**********************************************************************/
enum {
POOL_BITS = BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE * 8 ,
POOL_READY_BITS = POOL_BITS, /* When crng_init->CRNG_READY */
POOL_EARLY_BITS = POOL_READY_BITS / 2 /* When crng_init->CRNG_EARLY */
};
static struct {
struct blake2s_state hash;
spinlock_t lock;
unsigned int init_bits;
} input_pool = {
.hash.h = { BLAKE2S_IV0 ^ (0 x01010000 | BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE),
BLAKE2S_IV1, BLAKE2S_IV2, BLAKE2S_IV3, BLAKE2S_IV4,
BLAKE2S_IV5, BLAKE2S_IV6, BLAKE2S_IV7 },
.hash.outlen = BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE,
.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(input_pool.lock),
};
static void _mix_pool_bytes(const void *buf, size_t len)
{
blake2s_update(&input_pool.hash, buf, len);
}
/*
* This function adds bytes into the input pool . It does not
* update the initialization bit counter ; the caller should call
* credit_init_bits if this is appropriate .
*/
static void mix_pool_bytes(const void *buf, size_t len)
{
unsigned long flags;
spin_lock_irqsave(&input_pool.lock, flags);
_mix_pool_bytes(buf, len);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&input_pool.lock, flags);
}
/*
* This is an HKDF - like construction for using the hashed collected entropy
* as a PRF key , that ' s then expanded block - by - block .
*/
static void extract_entropy(void *buf, size_t len)
{
unsigned long flags;
u8 seed[BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE], next_key[BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE];
struct {
unsigned long rdseed[32 / sizeof (long )];
size_t counter;
} block;
size_t i, longs;
for (i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(block.rdseed);) {
longs = arch_get_random_seed_longs(&block.rdseed[i], ARRAY_SIZE(block.rdseed) - i);
if (longs) {
i += longs;
continue ;
}
longs = arch_get_random_longs(&block.rdseed[i], ARRAY_SIZE(block.rdseed) - i);
if (longs) {
i += longs;
continue ;
}
block.rdseed[i++] = random_get_entropy();
}
spin_lock_irqsave(&input_pool.lock, flags);
/* seed = HASHPRF(last_key, entropy_input) */
blake2s_final(&input_pool.hash, seed);
/* next_key = HASHPRF(seed, RDSEED || 0) */
block.counter = 0 ;
blake2s(next_key, (u8 *)&block, seed, sizeof (next_key), sizeof (block), sizeof (seed));
blake2s_init_key(&input_pool.hash, BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE, next_key, sizeof (next_key));
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&input_pool.lock, flags);
memzero_explicit(next_key, sizeof (next_key));
while (len) {
i = min_t(size_t, len, BLAKE2S_HASH_SIZE);
/* output = HASHPRF(seed, RDSEED || ++counter) */
++block.counter;
blake2s(buf, (u8 *)&block, seed, i, sizeof (block), sizeof (seed));
len -= i;
buf += i;
}
memzero_explicit(seed, sizeof (seed));
memzero_explicit(&block, sizeof (block));
}
#define credit_init_bits(bits) if (!crng_ready()) _credit_init_bits(bits)
static void __cold _credit_init_bits(size_t bits)
{
static DECLARE_WORK(set_ready, crng_set_ready);
unsigned int new , orig, add;
unsigned long flags;
int m;
if (!bits)
return ;
add = min_t(size_t, bits, POOL_BITS);
orig = READ_ONCE(input_pool.init_bits);
do {
new = min_t(unsigned int , POOL_BITS, orig + add);
} while (!try_cmpxchg(&input_pool.init_bits, &orig, new ));
if (orig < POOL_READY_BITS && new >= POOL_READY_BITS) {
crng_reseed(NULL); /* Sets crng_init to CRNG_READY under base_crng.lock. */
if (static_key_initialized && system_unbound_wq)
queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &set_ready);
atomic_notifier_call_chain(&random_ready_notifier, 0 , NULL);
#ifdef CONFIG_VDSO_GETRANDOM
WRITE_ONCE(vdso_k_rng_data->is_ready, true );
#endif
wake_up_interruptible(&crng_init_wait);
kill_fasync(&fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
pr_notice("crng init done\n" );
m = ratelimit_state_get_miss(&urandom_warning);
if (m)
pr_notice("%d urandom warning(s) missed due to ratelimiting\n" , m);
} else if (orig < POOL_EARLY_BITS && new >= POOL_EARLY_BITS) {
spin_lock_irqsave(&base_crng.lock, flags);
/* Check if crng_init is CRNG_EMPTY, to avoid race with crng_reseed(). */
if (crng_init == CRNG_EMPTY) {
extract_entropy(base_crng.key, sizeof (base_crng.key));
crng_init = CRNG_EARLY;
}
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base_crng.lock, flags);
}
}
/**********************************************************************
*
* Entropy collection routines .
*
* The following exported functions are used for pushing entropy into
* the above entropy accumulation routines :
*
* void add_device_randomness ( const void * buf , size_t len ) ;
* void add_hwgenerator_randomness ( const void * buf , size_t len , size_t entropy , bool sleep_after ) ;
* void add_bootloader_randomness ( const void * buf , size_t len ) ;
* void add_vmfork_randomness ( const void * unique_vm_id , size_t len ) ;
* void add_interrupt_randomness ( int irq ) ;
* void add_input_randomness ( unsigned int type , unsigned int code , unsigned int value ) ;
* void add_disk_randomness ( struct gendisk * disk ) ;
*
* add_device_randomness ( ) adds data to the input pool that
* is likely to differ between two devices ( or possibly even per boot ) .
* This would be things like MAC addresses or serial numbers , or the
* read - out of the RTC . This does * not * credit any actual entropy to
* the pool , but it initializes the pool to different values for devices
* that might otherwise be identical and have very little entropy
* available to them ( particularly common in the embedded world ) .
*
* add_hwgenerator_randomness ( ) is for true hardware RNGs , and will credit
* entropy as specified by the caller . If the entropy pool is full it will
* block until more entropy is needed .
*
* add_bootloader_randomness ( ) is called by bootloader drivers , such as EFI
* and device tree , and credits its input depending on whether or not the
* command line option ' random . trust_bootloader ' .
*
* add_vmfork_randomness ( ) adds a unique ( but not necessarily secret ) ID
* representing the current instance of a VM to the pool , without crediting ,
* and then force - reseeds the crng so that it takes effect immediately .
*
* add_interrupt_randomness ( ) uses the interrupt timing as random
* inputs to the entropy pool . Using the cycle counters and the irq source
* as inputs , it feeds the input pool roughly once a second or after 64
* interrupts , crediting 1 bit of entropy for whichever comes first .
*
* add_input_randomness ( ) uses the input layer interrupt timing , as well
* as the event type information from the hardware .
*
* add_disk_randomness ( ) uses what amounts to the seek time of block
* layer request events , on a per - disk_devt basis , as input to the
* entropy pool . Note that high - speed solid state drives with very low
* seek times do not make for good sources of entropy , as their seek
* times are usually fairly consistent .
*
* The last two routines try to estimate how many bits of entropy
* to credit . They do this by keeping track of the first and second
* order deltas of the event timings .
*
**********************************************************************/
static bool trust_cpu __initdata = true ;
static bool trust_bootloader __initdata = true ;
static int __init parse_trust_cpu(char *arg)
{
return kstrtobool(arg, &trust_cpu);
}
static int __init parse_trust_bootloader(char *arg)
{
return kstrtobool(arg, &trust_bootloader);
}
early_param("random.trust_cpu" , parse_trust_cpu);
early_param("random.trust_bootloader" , parse_trust_bootloader);
static int random_pm_notification(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action, void *data)
{
unsigned long flags, entropy = random_get_entropy();
/*
* Encode a representation of how long the system has been suspended ,
* in a way that is distinct from prior system suspends .
*/
ktime_t stamps[] = { ktime_get(), ktime_get_boottime(), ktime_get_real() };
spin_lock_irqsave(&input_pool.lock, flags);
_mix_pool_bytes(&action, sizeof (action));
_mix_pool_bytes(stamps, sizeof (stamps));
_mix_pool_bytes(&entropy, sizeof (entropy));
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&input_pool.lock, flags);
if (crng_ready() && (action == PM_RESTORE_PREPARE ||
(action == PM_POST_SUSPEND && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PM_AUTOSLEEP) &&
!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PM_USERSPACE_AUTOSLEEP)))) {
crng_reseed(NULL);
pr_notice("crng reseeded on system resumption\n" );
}
return 0 ;
}
static struct notifier_block pm_notifier = { .notifier_call = random_pm_notification };
/*
* This is called extremely early , before time keeping functionality is
* available , but arch randomness is . Interrupts are not yet enabled .
*/
void __init random_init_early(const char *command_line)
{
unsigned long entropy[BLAKE2S_BLOCK_SIZE / sizeof (long )];
size_t i, longs, arch_bits;
#if defined (LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN)
static const u8 compiletime_seed[BLAKE2S_BLOCK_SIZE] __initconst __latent_entropy;
_mix_pool_bytes(compiletime_seed, sizeof (compiletime_seed));
#endif
for (i = 0 , arch_bits = sizeof (entropy) * 8 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(entropy);) {
longs = arch_get_random_seed_longs(entropy, ARRAY_SIZE(entropy) - i);
if (longs) {
_mix_pool_bytes(entropy, sizeof (*entropy) * longs);
i += longs;
continue ;
}
longs = arch_get_random_longs(entropy, ARRAY_SIZE(entropy) - i);
if (longs) {
_mix_pool_bytes(entropy, sizeof (*entropy) * longs);
i += longs;
continue ;
}
arch_bits -= sizeof (*entropy) * 8 ;
++i;
}
_mix_pool_bytes(init_utsname(), sizeof (*(init_utsname())));
_mix_pool_bytes(command_line, strlen(command_line));
/* Reseed if already seeded by earlier phases. */
if (crng_ready())
crng_reseed(NULL);
else if (trust_cpu)
_credit_init_bits(arch_bits);
}
/*
* This is called a little bit after the prior function , and now there is
* access to timestamps counters . Interrupts are not yet enabled .
*/
void __init random_init(void )
{
unsigned long entropy = random_get_entropy();
ktime_t now = ktime_get_real();
_mix_pool_bytes(&now, sizeof (now));
_mix_pool_bytes(&entropy, sizeof (entropy));
add_latent_entropy();
/*
* If we were initialized by the cpu or bootloader before jump labels
* or workqueues are initialized , then we should enable the static
* branch here , where it ' s guaranteed that these have been initialized .
*/
if (!static_branch_likely(&crng_is_ready) && crng_init >= CRNG_READY)
crng_set_ready(NULL);
/* Reseed if already seeded by earlier phases. */
if (crng_ready())
crng_reseed(NULL);
WARN_ON(register_pm_notifier(&pm_notifier));
WARN(!entropy, "Missing cycle counter and fallback timer; RNG "
"entropy collection will consequently suffer." );
}
/*
* Add device - or boot - specific data to the input pool to help
* initialize it .
*
* None of this adds any entropy ; it is meant to avoid the problem of
* the entropy pool having similar initial state across largely
* identical devices .
*/
void add_device_randomness(const void *buf, size_t len)
{
unsigned long entropy = random_get_entropy();
unsigned long flags;
spin_lock_irqsave(&input_pool.lock, flags);
_mix_pool_bytes(&entropy, sizeof (entropy));
_mix_pool_bytes(buf, len);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&input_pool.lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_device_randomness);
/*
* Interface for in - kernel drivers of true hardware RNGs . Those devices
* may produce endless random bits , so this function will sleep for
* some amount of time after , if the sleep_after parameter is true .
*/
void add_hwgenerator_randomness(const void *buf, size_t len, size_t entropy, bool sleep_after)
{
mix_pool_bytes(buf, len);
credit_init_bits(entropy);
/*
* Throttle writing to once every reseed interval , unless we ' re not yet
* initialized or no entropy is credited .
*/
if (sleep_after && !kthread_should_stop() && (crng_ready() || !entropy))
schedule_timeout_interruptible(crng_reseed_interval());
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_hwgenerator_randomness);
/*
* Handle random seed passed by bootloader , and credit it depending
* on the command line option ' random . trust_bootloader ' .
*/
void __init add_bootloader_randomness(const void *buf, size_t len)
{
mix_pool_bytes(buf, len);
if (trust_bootloader)
credit_init_bits(len * 8 );
}
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VMGENID)
static BLOCKING_NOTIFIER_HEAD(vmfork_chain);
/*
* Handle a new unique VM ID , which is unique , not secret , so we
* don ' t credit it , but we do immediately force a reseed after so
* that it ' s used by the crng posthaste .
*/
void __cold add_vmfork_randomness(const void *unique_vm_id, size_t len)
{
add_device_randomness(unique_vm_id, len);
if (crng_ready()) {
crng_reseed(NULL);
pr_notice("crng reseeded due to virtual machine fork\n" );
}
blocking_notifier_call_chain(&vmfork_chain, 0 , NULL);
}
#if IS_MODULE(CONFIG_VMGENID)
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_vmfork_randomness);
#endif
int __cold register_random_vmfork_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
{
return blocking_notifier_chain_register(&vmfork_chain, nb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_random_vmfork_notifier);
int __cold unregister_random_vmfork_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
{
return blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(&vmfork_chain, nb);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_random_vmfork_notifier);
#endif
struct fast_pool {
unsigned long pool[4 ];
unsigned long last;
unsigned int count;
struct timer_list mix;
};
static void mix_interrupt_randomness(struct timer_list *work);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct fast_pool, irq_randomness) = {
#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
#define FASTMIX_PERM SIPHASH_PERMUTATION
.pool = { SIPHASH_CONST_0, SIPHASH_CONST_1, SIPHASH_CONST_2, SIPHASH_CONST_3 },
#else
#define FASTMIX_PERM HSIPHASH_PERMUTATION
.pool = { HSIPHASH_CONST_0, HSIPHASH_CONST_1, HSIPHASH_CONST_2, HSIPHASH_CONST_3 },
#endif
.mix = __TIMER_INITIALIZER(mix_interrupt_randomness, 0 )
};
/*
* This is [ Half ] SipHash - 1 - x , starting from an empty key . Because
* the key is fixed , it assumes that its inputs are non - malicious ,
* and therefore this has no security on its own . s represents the
* four - word SipHash state , while v represents a two - word input .
*/
static void fast_mix(unsigned long s[4 ], unsigned long v1, unsigned long v2)
{
s[3 ] ^= v1;
FASTMIX_PERM(s[0 ], s[1 ], s[2 ], s[3 ]);
s[0 ] ^= v1;
s[3 ] ^= v2;
FASTMIX_PERM(s[0 ], s[1 ], s[2 ], s[3 ]);
s[0 ] ^= v2;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/*
* This function is called when the CPU has just come online , with
* entry CPUHP_AP_RANDOM_ONLINE , just after CPUHP_AP_WORKQUEUE_ONLINE .
*/
int __cold random_online_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
{
/*
* During CPU shutdown and before CPU onlining , add_interrupt_
* randomness ( ) may schedule mix_interrupt_randomness ( ) , and
* set the MIX_INFLIGHT flag . However , because the worker can
* be scheduled on a different CPU during this period , that
* flag will never be cleared . For that reason , we zero out
* the flag here , which runs just after workqueues are onlined
* for the CPU again . This also has the effect of setting the
* irq randomness count to zero so that new accumulated irqs
* are fresh .
*/
per_cpu_ptr(&irq_randomness, cpu)->count = 0 ;
return 0 ;
}
#endif
static void mix_interrupt_randomness(struct timer_list *work)
{
struct fast_pool *fast_pool = container_of(work, struct fast_pool, mix);
/*
* The size of the copied stack pool is explicitly 2 longs so that we
* only ever ingest half of the siphash output each time , retaining
* the other half as the next " key " that carries over . The entropy is
* supposed to be sufficiently dispersed between bits so on average
* we don ' t wind up " losing " some .
*/
unsigned long pool[2 ];
unsigned int count;
/* Check to see if we're running on the wrong CPU due to hotplug. */
local_irq_disable();
if (fast_pool != this_cpu_ptr(&irq_randomness)) {
local_irq_enable();
return ;
}
/*
* Copy the pool to the stack so that the mixer always has a
* consistent view , before we reenable irqs again .
*/
memcpy(pool, fast_pool->pool, sizeof (pool));
count = fast_pool->count;
fast_pool->count = 0 ;
fast_pool->last = jiffies;
local_irq_enable();
mix_pool_bytes(pool, sizeof (pool));
credit_init_bits(clamp_t(unsigned int , (count & U16_MAX) / 64 , 1 , sizeof (pool) * 8 ));
memzero_explicit(pool, sizeof (pool));
}
void add_interrupt_randomness(int irq)
{
enum { MIX_INFLIGHT = 1 U << 31 };
unsigned long entropy = random_get_entropy();
struct fast_pool *fast_pool = this_cpu_ptr(&irq_randomness);
struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
unsigned int new_count;
fast_mix(fast_pool->pool, entropy,
(regs ? instruction_pointer(regs) : _RET_IP_) ^ swab(irq));
new_count = ++fast_pool->count;
if (new_count & MIX_INFLIGHT)
return ;
if (new_count < 1024 && !time_is_before_jiffies(fast_pool->last + HZ))
return ;
fast_pool->count |= MIX_INFLIGHT;
if (!timer_pending(&fast_pool->mix)) {
fast_pool->mix.expires = jiffies;
add_timer_on(&fast_pool->mix, raw_smp_processor_id());
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_interrupt_randomness);
/* There is one of these per entropy source */
struct timer_rand_state {
unsigned long last_time;
long last_delta, last_delta2;
};
/*
* This function adds entropy to the entropy " pool " by using timing
* delays . It uses the timer_rand_state structure to make an estimate
* of how many bits of entropy this call has added to the pool . The
* value " num " is also added to the pool ; it should somehow describe
* the type of event that just happened .
*/
static void add_timer_randomness(struct timer_rand_state *state, unsigned int num)
{
unsigned long entropy = random_get_entropy(), now = jiffies, flags;
long delta, delta2, delta3;
unsigned int bits;
/*
* If we ' re in a hard IRQ , add_interrupt_randomness ( ) will be called
* sometime after , so mix into the fast pool .
*/
if (in_hardirq()) {
fast_mix(this_cpu_ptr(&irq_randomness)->pool, entropy, num);
} else {
spin_lock_irqsave(&input_pool.lock, flags);
_mix_pool_bytes(&entropy, sizeof (entropy));
_mix_pool_bytes(&num, sizeof (num));
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&input_pool.lock, flags);
}
if (crng_ready())
return ;
/*
* Calculate number of bits of randomness we probably added .
* We take into account the first , second and third - order deltas
* in order to make our estimate .
*/
delta = now - READ_ONCE(state->last_time);
WRITE_ONCE(state->last_time, now);
delta2 = delta - READ_ONCE(state->last_delta);
WRITE_ONCE(state->last_delta, delta);
delta3 = delta2 - READ_ONCE(state->last_delta2);
WRITE_ONCE(state->last_delta2, delta2);
if (delta < 0 )
delta = -delta;
if (delta2 < 0 )
delta2 = -delta2;
if (delta3 < 0 )
delta3 = -delta3;
if (delta > delta2)
delta = delta2;
if (delta > delta3)
delta = delta3;
/*
* delta is now minimum absolute delta . Round down by 1 bit
* on general principles , and limit entropy estimate to 11 bits .
*/
bits = min(fls(delta >> 1 ), 11 );
/*
* As mentioned above , if we ' re in a hard IRQ , add_interrupt_randomness ( )
* will run after this , which uses a different crediting scheme of 1 bit
* per every 64 interrupts . In order to let that function do accounting
* close to the one in this function , we credit a full 64 / 64 bit per bit ,
* and then subtract one to account for the extra one added .
*/
if (in_hardirq())
this_cpu_ptr(&irq_randomness)->count += max(1 u, bits * 64 ) - 1 ;
else
_credit_init_bits(bits);
}
void add_input_randomness(unsigned int type, unsigned int code, unsigned int value)
{
static unsigned char last_value;
static struct timer_rand_state input_timer_state = { INITIAL_JIFFIES };
/* Ignore autorepeat and the like. */
if (value == last_value)
return ;
last_value = value;
add_timer_randomness(&input_timer_state,
(type << 4 ) ^ code ^ (code >> 4 ) ^ value);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_input_randomness);
#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
void add_disk_randomness(struct gendisk *disk)
{
if (!disk || !disk->random)
return ;
/* First major is 1, so we get >= 0x200 here. */
add_timer_randomness(disk->random, 0 x100 + disk_devt(disk));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_disk_randomness);
void __cold rand_initialize_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
{
struct timer_rand_state *state;
/*
* If kzalloc returns null , we just won ' t use that entropy
* source .
*/
state = kzalloc(sizeof (struct timer_rand_state), GFP_KERNEL);
if (state) {
state->last_time = INITIAL_JIFFIES;
disk->random = state;
}
}
#endif
struct entropy_timer_state {
unsigned long entropy;
struct timer_list timer;
atomic_t samples;
unsigned int samples_per_bit;
};
/*
* Each time the timer fires , we expect that we got an unpredictable jump in
* the cycle counter . Even if the timer is running on another CPU , the timer
* activity will be touching the stack of the CPU that is generating entropy .
*
* Note that we don ' t re - arm the timer in the timer itself - we are happy to be
* scheduled away , since that just makes the load more complex , but we do not
* want the timer to keep ticking unless the entropy loop is running .
*
* So the re - arming always happens in the entropy loop itself .
*/
static void __cold entropy_timer(struct timer_list *timer)
{
struct entropy_timer_state *state = container_of(timer, struct entropy_timer_state, timer);
unsigned long entropy = random_get_entropy();
mix_pool_bytes(&entropy, sizeof (entropy));
if (atomic_inc_return(&state->samples) % state->samples_per_bit == 0 )
credit_init_bits(1 );
}
/*
* If we have an actual cycle counter , see if we can generate enough entropy
* with timing noise .
*/
static void __cold try_to_generate_entropy(void )
{
enum { NUM_TRIAL_SAMPLES = 8192 , MAX_SAMPLES_PER_BIT = HZ / 15 };
u8 stack_bytes[sizeof (struct entropy_timer_state) + SMP_CACHE_BYTES - 1 ];
struct entropy_timer_state *stack = PTR_ALIGN((void *)stack_bytes, SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
unsigned int i, num_different = 0 ;
unsigned long last = random_get_entropy();
int cpu = -1 ;
for (i = 0 ; i < NUM_TRIAL_SAMPLES - 1 ; ++i) {
stack->entropy = random_get_entropy();
if (stack->entropy != last)
++num_different;
last = stack->entropy;
}
stack->samples_per_bit = DIV_ROUND_UP(NUM_TRIAL_SAMPLES, num_different + 1 );
if (stack->samples_per_bit > MAX_SAMPLES_PER_BIT)
return ;
atomic_set(&stack->samples, 0 );
timer_setup_on_stack(&stack->timer, entropy_timer, 0 );
while (!crng_ready() && !signal_pending(current)) {
/*
* Check ! timer_pending ( ) and then ensure that any previous callback has finished
* executing by checking timer_delete_sync_try ( ) , before queueing the next one .
*/
if (!timer_pending(&stack->timer) && timer_delete_sync_try(&stack->timer) >= 0 ) {
struct cpumask timer_cpus;
unsigned int num_cpus;
/*
* Preemption must be disabled here , both to read the current CPU number
* and to avoid scheduling a timer on a dead CPU .
*/
preempt_disable();
/* Only schedule callbacks on timer CPUs that are online. */
cpumask_and(&timer_cpus, housekeeping_cpumask(HK_TYPE_TIMER), cpu_online_mask);
num_cpus = cpumask_weight(&timer_cpus);
/* In very bizarre case of misconfiguration, fallback to all online. */
if (unlikely(num_cpus == 0 )) {
timer_cpus = *cpu_online_mask;
num_cpus = cpumask_weight(&timer_cpus);
}
/* Basic CPU round-robin, which avoids the current CPU. */
do {
cpu = cpumask_next(cpu, &timer_cpus);
if (cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
cpu = cpumask_first(&timer_cpus);
} while (cpu == smp_processor_id() && num_cpus > 1 );
/* Expiring the timer at `jiffies` means it's the next tick. */
stack->timer.expires = jiffies;
add_timer_on(&stack->timer, cpu);
preempt_enable();
}
mix_pool_bytes(&stack->entropy, sizeof (stack->entropy));
schedule();
stack->entropy = random_get_entropy();
}
mix_pool_bytes(&stack->entropy, sizeof (stack->entropy));
timer_delete_sync(&stack->timer);
timer_destroy_on_stack(&stack->timer);
}
/**********************************************************************
*
* Userspace reader / writer interfaces .
*
* getrandom ( 2 ) is the primary modern interface into the RNG and should
* be used in preference to anything else .
*
* Reading from / dev / random has the same functionality as calling
* getrandom ( 2 ) with flags = 0 . In earlier versions , however , it had
* vastly different semantics and should therefore be avoided , to
* prevent backwards compatibility issues .
*
* Reading from / dev / urandom has the same functionality as calling
* getrandom ( 2 ) with flags = GRND_INSECURE . Because it does not block
* waiting for the RNG to be ready , it should not be used .
*
* Writing to either / dev / random or / dev / urandom adds entropy to
* the input pool but does not credit it .
*
* Polling on / dev / random indicates when the RNG is initialized , on
* the read side , and when it wants new entropy , on the write side .
*
* Both / dev / random and / dev / urandom have the same set of ioctls for
* adding entropy , getting the entropy count , zeroing the count , and
* reseeding the crng .
*
**********************************************************************/
SYSCALL_DEFINE3(getrandom, char __user *, ubuf, size_t, len, unsigned int , flags)
{
struct iov_iter iter;
int ret;
if (flags & ~(GRND_NONBLOCK | GRND_RANDOM | GRND_INSECURE))
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Requesting insecure and blocking randomness at the same time makes
* no sense .
*/
if ((flags & (GRND_INSECURE | GRND_RANDOM)) == (GRND_INSECURE | GRND_RANDOM))
return -EINVAL;
if (!crng_ready() && !(flags & GRND_INSECURE)) {
if (flags & GRND_NONBLOCK)
return -EAGAIN;
ret = wait_for_random_bytes();
if (unlikely(ret))
return ret;
}
ret = import_ubuf(ITER_DEST, ubuf, len, &iter);
if (unlikely(ret))
return ret;
return get_random_bytes_user(&iter);
}
static __poll_t random_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
poll_wait(file, &crng_init_wait, wait);
return crng_ready() ? EPOLLIN | EPOLLRDNORM : EPOLLOUT | EPOLLWRNORM;
}
static ssize_t write_pool_user(struct iov_iter *iter)
{
u8 block[BLAKE2S_BLOCK_SIZE];
ssize_t ret = 0 ;
size_t copied;
if (unlikely(!iov_iter_count(iter)))
return 0 ;
for (;;) {
copied = copy_from_iter(block, sizeof (block), iter);
ret += copied;
mix_pool_bytes(block, copied);
if (!iov_iter_count(iter) || copied != sizeof (block))
break ;
BUILD_BUG_ON(PAGE_SIZE % sizeof (block) != 0 );
if (ret % PAGE_SIZE == 0 ) {
if (signal_pending(current))
break ;
cond_resched();
}
}
memzero_explicit(block, sizeof (block));
return ret ? ret : -EFAULT;
}
static ssize_t random_write_iter(struct kiocb *kiocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
{
return write_pool_user(iter);
}
static ssize_t urandom_read_iter(struct kiocb *kiocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
{
static int maxwarn = 10 ;
/*
* Opportunistically attempt to initialize the RNG on platforms that
* have fast cycle counters , but don ' t ( for now ) require it to succeed .
*/
if (!crng_ready())
try_to_generate_entropy();
if (!crng_ready()) {
if (!ratelimit_disable && maxwarn <= 0 )
ratelimit_state_inc_miss(&urandom_warning);
else if (ratelimit_disable || __ratelimit(&urandom_warning)) {
--maxwarn;
pr_notice("%s: uninitialized urandom read (%zu bytes read)\n" ,
current->comm, iov_iter_count(iter));
}
}
return get_random_bytes_user(iter);
}
static ssize_t random_read_iter(struct kiocb *kiocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
{
int ret;
if (!crng_ready() &&
((kiocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_NOIO)) ||
(kiocb->ki_filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)))
return -EAGAIN;
ret = wait_for_random_bytes();
if (ret != 0 )
return ret;
return get_random_bytes_user(iter);
}
static long random_ioctl(struct file *f, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
int __user *p = (int __user *)arg;
int ent_count;
switch (cmd) {
case RNDGETENTCNT:
/* Inherently racy, no point locking. */
if (put_user(input_pool.init_bits, p))
return -EFAULT;
return 0 ;
case RNDADDTOENTCNT:
if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
if (get_user(ent_count, p))
return -EFAULT;
if (ent_count < 0 )
return -EINVAL;
credit_init_bits(ent_count);
return 0 ;
case RNDADDENTROPY: {
struct iov_iter iter;
ssize_t ret;
int len;
if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
if (get_user(ent_count, p++))
return -EFAULT;
if (ent_count < 0 )
return -EINVAL;
if (get_user(len, p++))
return -EFAULT;
ret = import_ubuf(ITER_SOURCE, p, len, &iter);
if (unlikely(ret))
return ret;
ret = write_pool_user(&iter);
if (unlikely(ret < 0 ))
return ret;
/* Since we're crediting, enforce that it was all written into the pool. */
if (unlikely(ret != len))
return -EFAULT;
credit_init_bits(ent_count);
return 0 ;
}
case RNDZAPENTCNT:
case RNDCLEARPOOL:
/* No longer has any effect. */
if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
return 0 ;
case RNDRESEEDCRNG:
if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
if (!crng_ready())
return -ENODATA;
crng_reseed(NULL);
return 0 ;
default :
return -EINVAL;
}
}
static int random_fasync(int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
{
return fasync_helper(fd, filp, on, &fasync);
}
const struct file_operations random_fops = {
.read_iter = random_read_iter,
.write_iter = random_write_iter,
.poll = random_poll,
.unlocked_ioctl = random_ioctl,
.compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
.fasync = random_fasync,
.llseek = noop_llseek,
.splice_read = copy_splice_read,
.splice_write = iter_file_splice_write,
};
const struct file_operations urandom_fops = {
.read_iter = urandom_read_iter,
.write_iter = random_write_iter,
.unlocked_ioctl = random_ioctl,
.compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
.fasync = random_fasync,
.llseek = noop_llseek,
.splice_read = copy_splice_read,
.splice_write = iter_file_splice_write,
};
/********************************************************************
*
* Sysctl interface .
*
* These are partly unused legacy knobs with dummy values to not break
* userspace and partly still useful things . They are usually accessible
* in / proc / sys / kernel / random / and are as follows :
*
* - boot_id - a UUID representing the current boot .
*
* - uuid - a random UUID , different each time the file is read .
*
* - poolsize - the number of bits of entropy that the input pool can
* hold , tied to the POOL_BITS constant .
*
* - entropy_avail - the number of bits of entropy currently in the
* input pool . Always < = poolsize .
*
* - write_wakeup_threshold - the amount of entropy in the input pool
* below which write polls to / dev / random will unblock , requesting
* more entropy , tied to the POOL_READY_BITS constant . It is writable
* to avoid breaking old userspaces , but writing to it does not
* change any behavior of the RNG .
*
* - urandom_min_reseed_secs - fixed to the value CRNG_RESEED_INTERVAL .
* It is writable to avoid breaking old userspaces , but writing
* to it does not change any behavior of the RNG .
*
********************************************************************/
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
static int sysctl_random_min_urandom_seed = CRNG_RESEED_INTERVAL / HZ;
static int sysctl_random_write_wakeup_bits = POOL_READY_BITS;
static int sysctl_poolsize = POOL_BITS;
static u8 sysctl_bootid[UUID_SIZE];
/*
* This function is used to return both the bootid UUID , and random
* UUID . The difference is in whether table - > data is NULL ; if it is ,
* then a new UUID is generated and returned to the user .
*/
static int proc_do_uuid(const struct ctl_table *table, int write, void *buf,
size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
u8 tmp_uuid[UUID_SIZE], *uuid;
char uuid_string[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1 ];
struct ctl_table fake_table = {
.data = uuid_string,
.maxlen = UUID_STRING_LEN
};
if (write)
return -EPERM;
uuid = table->data;
if (!uuid) {
uuid = tmp_uuid;
generate_random_uuid(uuid);
} else {
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(bootid_spinlock);
spin_lock(&bootid_spinlock);
if (!uuid[8 ])
generate_random_uuid(uuid);
spin_unlock(&bootid_spinlock);
}
snprintf(uuid_string, sizeof (uuid_string), "%pU" , uuid);
return proc_dostring(&fake_table, 0 , buf, lenp, ppos);
}
/* The same as proc_dointvec, but writes don't change anything. */
static int proc_do_rointvec(const struct ctl_table *table, int write, void *buf,
size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
return write ? 0 : proc_dointvec(table, 0 , buf, lenp, ppos);
}
static const struct ctl_table random_table[] = {
{
.procname = "poolsize" ,
.data = &sysctl_poolsize,
.maxlen = sizeof (int ),
.mode = 0444 ,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec,
},
{
.procname = "entropy_avail" ,
.data = &input_pool.init_bits,
.maxlen = sizeof (int ),
.mode = 0444 ,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec,
},
{
.procname = "write_wakeup_threshold" ,
.data = &sysctl_random_write_wakeup_bits,
.maxlen = sizeof (int ),
.mode = 0644 ,
.proc_handler = proc_do_rointvec,
},
{
.procname = "urandom_min_reseed_secs" ,
.data = &sysctl_random_min_urandom_seed,
.maxlen = sizeof (int ),
.mode = 0644 ,
.proc_handler = proc_do_rointvec,
},
{
.procname = "boot_id" ,
.data = &sysctl_bootid,
.mode = 0444 ,
.proc_handler = proc_do_uuid,
},
{
.procname = "uuid" ,
.mode = 0444 ,
.proc_handler = proc_do_uuid,
},
};
/*
* random_init ( ) is called before sysctl_init ( ) ,
* so we cannot call register_sysctl_init ( ) in random_init ( )
*/
static int __init random_sysctls_init(void )
{
register_sysctl_init("kernel/random" , random_table);
return 0 ;
}
device_initcall(random_sysctls_init);
#endif
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