/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/******************************************************************************
* x86_emulate . h
*
* Generic x86 ( 32 - bit and 64 - bit ) instruction decoder and emulator .
*
* Copyright ( c ) 2005 Keir Fraser
*
* From : xen - unstable 10676 : af9809f51f81a3c43f276f00c81a52ef558afda4
*/
#ifndef _ASM_X86_KVM_X86_EMULATE_H
#define _ASM_X86_KVM_X86_EMULATE_H
#include <asm /desc_defs.h>
#include "fpu.h"
struct x86_emulate_ctxt;
enum x86_intercept;
enum x86_intercept_stage;
struct x86_exception {
u8 vector;
bool error_code_valid;
u16 error_code;
bool nested_page_fault;
u64 address; /* cr2 or nested page fault gpa */
u8 async_page_fault;
unsigned long exit_qualification;
};
/*
* This struct is used to carry enough information from the instruction
* decoder to main KVM so that a decision can be made whether the
* instruction needs to be intercepted or not .
*/
struct x86_instruction_info {
u8 intercept; /* which intercept */
u8 rep_prefix; /* rep prefix? */
u8 modrm_mod; /* mod part of modrm */
u8 modrm_reg; /* index of register used */
u8 modrm_rm; /* rm part of modrm */
u64 src_val; /* value of source operand */
u64 dst_val; /* value of destination operand */
u8 src_bytes; /* size of source operand */
u8 dst_bytes; /* size of destination operand */
u8 src_type; /* type of source operand */
u8 dst_type; /* type of destination operand */
u8 ad_bytes; /* size of src/dst address */
u64 rip; /* rip of the instruction */
u64 next_rip; /* rip following the instruction */
};
/*
* x86_emulate_ops :
*
* These operations represent the instruction emulator ' s interface to memory .
* There are two categories of operation : those that act on ordinary memory
* regions ( * _ std ) , and those that act on memory regions known to require
* special treatment or emulation ( * _ emulated ) .
*
* The emulator assumes that an instruction accesses only one ' emulated memory '
* location , that this location is the given linear faulting address ( cr2 ) , and
* that this is one of the instruction ' s data operands . Instruction fetches and
* stack operations are assumed never to access emulated memory . The emulator
* automatically deduces which operand of a string - move operation is accessing
* emulated memory , and assumes that the other operand accesses normal memory .
*
* NOTES :
* 1 . The emulator isn ' t very smart about emulated vs . standard memory .
* ' Emulated memory ' access addresses should be checked for sanity .
* ' Normal memory ' accesses may fault , and the caller must arrange to
* detect and handle reentrancy into the emulator via recursive faults .
* Accesses may be unaligned and may cross page boundaries .
* 2 . If the access fails ( cannot emulate , or a standard access faults ) then
* it is up to the memop to propagate the fault to the guest VM via
* some out - of - band mechanism , unknown to the emulator . The memop signals
* failure by returning X86EMUL_PROPAGATE_FAULT to the emulator , which will
* then immediately bail .
* 3 . Valid access sizes are 1 , 2 , 4 and 8 bytes . On x86 / 32 systems only
* cmpxchg8b_emulated need support 8 - byte accesses .
* 4 . The emulator cannot handle 64 - bit mode emulation on an x86 / 32 system .
*/
/* Access completed successfully: continue emulation as normal. */
#define X86EMUL_CONTINUE 0
/* Access is unhandleable: bail from emulation and return error to caller. */
#define X86EMUL_UNHANDLEABLE 1
/* Terminate emulation but return success to the caller. */
#define X86EMUL_PROPAGATE_FAULT 2 /* propagate a generated fault to guest */
#define X86EMUL_RETRY_INSTR 3 /* retry the instruction for some reason */
#define X86EMUL_CMPXCHG_FAILED 4 /* cmpxchg did not see expected value */
#define X86EMUL_IO_NEEDED 5 /* IO is needed to complete emulation */
#define X86EMUL_INTERCEPTED 6 /* Intercepted by nested VMCB/VMCS */
/* Emulation during event vectoring is unhandleable. */
#define X86EMUL_UNHANDLEABLE_VECTORING 7
/* x86-specific emulation flags */
#define X86EMUL_F_WRITE BIT(0 )
#define X86EMUL_F_FETCH BIT(1 )
#define X86EMUL_F_IMPLICIT BIT(2 )
#define X86EMUL_F_INVLPG BIT(3 )
#define X86EMUL_F_MSR BIT(4 )
#define X86EMUL_F_DT_LOAD BIT(5 )
struct x86_emulate_ops {
void (*vm_bugged)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
/*
* read_gpr : read a general purpose register ( rax - r15 )
*
* @ reg : gpr number .
*/
ulong (*read_gpr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned reg);
/*
* write_gpr : write a general purpose register ( rax - r15 )
*
* @ reg : gpr number .
* @ val : value to write .
*/
void (*write_gpr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned reg, ulong val);
/*
* read_std : Read bytes of standard ( non - emulated / special ) memory .
* Used for descriptor reading .
* @ addr : [ IN ] Linear address from which to read .
* @ val : [ OUT ] Value read from memory , zero - extended to ' u_long ' .
* @ bytes : [ IN ] Number of bytes to read from memory .
* @ system : [ IN ] Whether the access is forced to be at CPL0 .
*/
int (*read_std)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
unsigned long addr, void *val,
unsigned int bytes,
struct x86_exception *fault, bool system);
/*
* write_std : Write bytes of standard ( non - emulated / special ) memory .
* Used for descriptor writing .
* @ addr : [ IN ] Linear address to which to write .
* @ val : [ OUT ] Value write to memory , zero - extended to ' u_long ' .
* @ bytes : [ IN ] Number of bytes to write to memory .
* @ system : [ IN ] Whether the access is forced to be at CPL0 .
*/
int (*write_std)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
unsigned long addr, void *val, unsigned int bytes,
struct x86_exception *fault, bool system);
/*
* fetch : Read bytes of standard ( non - emulated / special ) memory .
* Used for instruction fetch .
* @ addr : [ IN ] Linear address from which to read .
* @ val : [ OUT ] Value read from memory , zero - extended to ' u_long ' .
* @ bytes : [ IN ] Number of bytes to read from memory .
*/
int (*fetch)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
unsigned long addr, void *val, unsigned int bytes,
struct x86_exception *fault);
/*
* read_emulated : Read bytes from emulated / special memory area .
* @ addr : [ IN ] Linear address from which to read .
* @ val : [ OUT ] Value read from memory , zero - extended to ' u_long ' .
* @ bytes : [ IN ] Number of bytes to read from memory .
*/
int (*read_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
unsigned long addr, void *val, unsigned int bytes,
struct x86_exception *fault);
/*
* write_emulated : Write bytes to emulated / special memory area .
* @ addr : [ IN ] Linear address to which to write .
* @ val : [ IN ] Value to write to memory ( low - order bytes used as
* required ) .
* @ bytes : [ IN ] Number of bytes to write to memory .
*/
int (*write_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
unsigned long addr, const void *val,
unsigned int bytes,
struct x86_exception *fault);
/*
* cmpxchg_emulated : Emulate an atomic ( LOCKed ) CMPXCHG operation on an
* emulated / special memory area .
* @ addr : [ IN ] Linear address to access .
* @ old : [ IN ] Value expected to be current at @ addr .
* @ new : [ IN ] Value to write to @ addr .
* @ bytes : [ IN ] Number of bytes to access using CMPXCHG .
*/
int (*cmpxchg_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
unsigned long addr,
const void *old,
const void *new ,
unsigned int bytes,
struct x86_exception *fault);
void (*invlpg)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, ulong addr);
int (*pio_in_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
int size, unsigned short port, void *val,
unsigned int count);
int (*pio_out_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
int size, unsigned short port, const void *val,
unsigned int count);
bool (*get_segment)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u16 *selector,
struct desc_struct *desc, u32 *base3, int seg);
void (*set_segment)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u16 selector,
struct desc_struct *desc, u32 base3, int seg);
unsigned long (*get_cached_segment_base)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
int seg);
void (*get_gdt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
void (*get_idt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
void (*set_gdt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
void (*set_idt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
ulong (*get_cr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int cr);
int (*set_cr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int cr, ulong val);
int (*cpl)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
ulong (*get_dr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int dr);
int (*set_dr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int dr, ulong value);
int (*set_msr_with_filter)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 msr_index, u64 data);
int (*get_msr_with_filter)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 msr_index, u64 *pdata);
int (*get_msr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 msr_index, u64 *pdata);
int (*check_rdpmc_early)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 pmc);
int (*read_pmc)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 pmc, u64 *pdata);
void (*halt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
void (*wbinvd)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
int (*fix_hypercall)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
int (*intercept)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
struct x86_instruction_info *info,
enum x86_intercept_stage stage);
bool (*get_cpuid)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 *eax, u32 *ebx,
u32 *ecx, u32 *edx, bool exact_only);
bool (*guest_has_movbe)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
bool (*guest_has_fxsr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
bool (*guest_has_rdpid)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
bool (*guest_cpuid_is_intel_compatible)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
void (*set_nmi_mask)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, bool masked);
bool (*is_smm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
int (*leave_smm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
void (*triple_fault)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
int (*set_xcr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 index, u64 xcr);
gva_t (*get_untagged_addr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, gva_t addr,
unsigned int flags);
bool (*is_canonical_addr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, gva_t addr,
unsigned int flags);
};
/* Type, address-of, and value of an instruction's operand. */
struct operand {
enum { OP_REG, OP_MEM, OP_MEM_STR, OP_IMM, OP_XMM, OP_MM, OP_NONE } type;
unsigned int bytes;
unsigned int count;
union {
unsigned long orig_val;
u64 orig_val64;
};
union {
unsigned long *reg;
struct segmented_address {
ulong ea;
unsigned seg;
} mem;
unsigned xmm;
unsigned mm;
} addr;
union {
unsigned long val;
u64 val64;
char valptr[sizeof (sse128_t)];
sse128_t vec_val;
u64 mm_val;
void *data;
};
};
#define X86_MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH 15
struct fetch_cache {
u8 data[X86_MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH];
u8 *ptr;
u8 *end;
};
struct read_cache {
u8 data[1024 ];
unsigned long pos;
unsigned long end;
};
/* Execution mode, passed to the emulator. */
enum x86emul_mode {
X86EMUL_MODE_REAL, /* Real mode. */
X86EMUL_MODE_VM86, /* Virtual 8086 mode. */
X86EMUL_MODE_PROT16, /* 16-bit protected mode. */
X86EMUL_MODE_PROT32, /* 32-bit protected mode. */
X86EMUL_MODE_PROT64, /* 64-bit (long) mode. */
};
/*
* fastop functions are declared as taking a never - defined fastop parameter ,
* so they can ' t be called from C directly .
*/
struct fastop;
typedef void (*fastop_t)(struct fastop *);
/*
* The emulator ' s _ regs array tracks only the GPRs , i . e . excludes RIP . RIP is
* tracked / accessed via _ eip , and except for RIP relative addressing , which
* also uses _ eip , RIP cannot be a register operand nor can it be an operand in
* a ModRM or SIB byte .
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
#define NR_EMULATOR_GPRS 16
#else
#define NR_EMULATOR_GPRS 8
#endif
struct x86_emulate_ctxt {
void *vcpu;
const struct x86_emulate_ops *ops;
/* Register state before/after emulation. */
unsigned long eflags;
unsigned long eip; /* eip before instruction emulation */
/* Emulated execution mode, represented by an X86EMUL_MODE value. */
enum x86emul_mode mode;
/* interruptibility state, as a result of execution of STI or MOV SS */
int interruptibility;
bool perm_ok; /* do not check permissions if true */
bool tf; /* TF value before instruction (after for syscall/sysret) */
bool have_exception;
struct x86_exception exception;
/* GPA available */
bool gpa_available;
gpa_t gpa_val;
/*
* decode cache
*/
/* current opcode length in bytes */
u8 opcode_len;
u8 b;
u8 intercept;
u8 op_bytes;
u8 ad_bytes;
union {
int (*execute)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
fastop_t fop;
};
int (*check_perm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
bool rip_relative;
u8 rex_prefix;
u8 lock_prefix;
u8 rep_prefix;
/* bitmaps of registers in _regs[] that can be read */
u16 regs_valid;
/* bitmaps of registers in _regs[] that have been written */
u16 regs_dirty;
/* modrm */
u8 modrm;
u8 modrm_mod;
u8 modrm_reg;
u8 modrm_rm;
u8 modrm_seg;
u8 seg_override;
u64 d;
unsigned long _eip;
/* Here begins the usercopy section. */
struct operand src;
struct operand src2;
struct operand dst;
struct operand memop;
unsigned long _regs[NR_EMULATOR_GPRS];
struct operand *memopp;
struct fetch_cache fetch;
struct read_cache io_read;
struct read_cache mem_read;
bool is_branch;
};
#define KVM_EMULATOR_BUG_ON(cond, ctxt) \
({ \
int __ret = (cond); \
\
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(__ret)) \
ctxt->ops->vm_bugged(ctxt); \
unlikely(__ret); \
})
/* Repeat String Operation Prefix */
#define REPE_PREFIX 0 xf3
#define REPNE_PREFIX 0 xf2
/* CPUID vendors */
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ebx 0 x68747541
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ecx 0 x444d4163
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_edx 0 x69746e65
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ebx 0 x69444d41
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ecx 0 x21726574
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_edx 0 x74656273
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ebx 0 x6f677948
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ecx 0 x656e6975
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_edx 0 x6e65476e
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ebx 0 x756e6547
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ecx 0 x6c65746e
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_edx 0 x49656e69
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_CentaurHauls_ebx 0 x746e6543
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_CentaurHauls_ecx 0 x736c7561
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_CentaurHauls_edx 0 x48727561
static inline bool is_guest_vendor_intel(u32 ebx, u32 ecx, u32 edx)
{
return ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ebx &&
ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ecx &&
edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_edx;
}
static inline bool is_guest_vendor_amd(u32 ebx, u32 ecx, u32 edx)
{
return (ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ebx &&
ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ecx &&
edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_edx) ||
(ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ebx &&
ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ecx &&
edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_edx);
}
static inline bool is_guest_vendor_hygon(u32 ebx, u32 ecx, u32 edx)
{
return ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ebx &&
ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ecx &&
edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_edx;
}
enum x86_intercept_stage {
X86_ICTP_NONE = 0 , /* Allow zero-init to not match anything */
X86_ICPT_PRE_EXCEPT,
X86_ICPT_POST_EXCEPT,
X86_ICPT_POST_MEMACCESS,
};
enum x86_intercept {
x86_intercept_none,
x86_intercept_cr_read,
x86_intercept_cr_write,
x86_intercept_clts,
x86_intercept_lmsw,
x86_intercept_smsw,
x86_intercept_dr_read,
x86_intercept_dr_write,
x86_intercept_lidt,
x86_intercept_sidt,
x86_intercept_lgdt,
x86_intercept_sgdt,
x86_intercept_lldt,
x86_intercept_sldt,
x86_intercept_ltr,
x86_intercept_str,
x86_intercept_rdtsc,
x86_intercept_rdpmc,
x86_intercept_pushf,
x86_intercept_popf,
x86_intercept_cpuid,
x86_intercept_rsm,
x86_intercept_iret,
x86_intercept_intn,
x86_intercept_invd,
x86_intercept_pause,
x86_intercept_hlt,
x86_intercept_invlpg,
x86_intercept_invlpga,
x86_intercept_vmrun,
x86_intercept_vmload,
x86_intercept_vmsave,
x86_intercept_vmmcall,
x86_intercept_stgi,
x86_intercept_clgi,
x86_intercept_skinit,
x86_intercept_rdtscp,
x86_intercept_rdpid,
x86_intercept_icebp,
x86_intercept_wbinvd,
x86_intercept_monitor,
x86_intercept_mwait,
x86_intercept_rdmsr,
x86_intercept_wrmsr,
x86_intercept_in,
x86_intercept_ins,
x86_intercept_out,
x86_intercept_outs,
x86_intercept_xsetbv,
nr_x86_intercepts
};
/* Host execution mode. */
#if defined (CONFIG_X86_32)
#define X86EMUL_MODE_HOST X86EMUL_MODE_PROT32
#elif defined (CONFIG_X86_64)
#define X86EMUL_MODE_HOST X86EMUL_MODE_PROT64
#endif
int x86_decode_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, void *insn, int insn_len, int emulation_type);
bool x86_page_table_writing_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
#define EMULATION_FAILED -1
#define EMULATION_OK 0
#define EMULATION_RESTART 1
#define EMULATION_INTERCEPTED 2
void init_decode_cache(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
int x86_emulate_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, bool check_intercepts);
int emulator_task_switch(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
u16 tss_selector, int idt_index, int reason,
bool has_error_code, u32 error_code);
int emulate_int_real(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int irq);
void emulator_invalidate_register_cache(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
void emulator_writeback_register_cache(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
bool emulator_can_use_gpa(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
static inline ulong reg_read(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned nr)
{
if (KVM_EMULATOR_BUG_ON(nr >= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS, ctxt))
nr &= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS - 1 ;
if (!(ctxt->regs_valid & (1 << nr))) {
ctxt->regs_valid |= 1 << nr;
ctxt->_regs[nr] = ctxt->ops->read_gpr(ctxt, nr);
}
return ctxt->_regs[nr];
}
static inline ulong *reg_write(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned nr)
{
if (KVM_EMULATOR_BUG_ON(nr >= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS, ctxt))
nr &= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS - 1 ;
BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof (ctxt->regs_dirty) * BITS_PER_BYTE < NR_EMULATOR_GPRS);
BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof (ctxt->regs_valid) * BITS_PER_BYTE < NR_EMULATOR_GPRS);
ctxt->regs_valid |= 1 << nr;
ctxt->regs_dirty |= 1 << nr;
return &ctxt->_regs[nr];
}
static inline ulong *reg_rmw(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned nr)
{
reg_read(ctxt, nr);
return reg_write(ctxt, nr);
}
#endif /* _ASM_X86_KVM_X86_EMULATE_H */
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