Quelle ldt.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright ( C ) 1992 Krishna Balasubramanian and Linus Torvalds
* Copyright ( C ) 1999 Ingo Molnar < mingo @ redhat . com >
* Copyright ( C ) 2002 Andi Kleen
*
* This handles calls from both 32 bit and 64 bit mode .
*
* Lock order :
* context . ldt_usr_sem
* mmap_lock
* context . lock
*/
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm /ldt.h>
#include <asm /tlb.h>
#include <asm /desc.h>
#include <asm /mmu_context.h>
#include <asm /pgtable_areas.h>
#include <xen/xen.h>
/* This is a multiple of PAGE_SIZE. */
#define LDT_SLOT_STRIDE (LDT_ENTRIES * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE)
static inline void *ldt_slot_va(int slot)
{
return (void *)(LDT_BASE_ADDR + LDT_SLOT_STRIDE * slot);
}
void load_mm_ldt(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
struct ldt_struct *ldt;
/* READ_ONCE synchronizes with smp_store_release */
ldt = READ_ONCE(mm->context.ldt);
/*
* Any change to mm - > context . ldt is followed by an IPI to all
* CPUs with the mm active . The LDT will not be freed until
* after the IPI is handled by all such CPUs . This means that
* if the ldt_struct changes before we return , the values we see
* will be safe , and the new values will be loaded before we run
* any user code .
*
* NB : don ' t try to convert this to use RCU without extreme care .
* We would still need IRQs off , because we don ' t want to change
* the local LDT after an IPI loaded a newer value than the one
* that we can see .
*/
if (unlikely(ldt)) {
if (static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI)) {
if (WARN_ON_ONCE((unsigned long )ldt->slot > 1 )) {
/*
* Whoops - - either the new LDT isn ' t mapped
* ( if slot = = - 1 ) or is mapped into a bogus
* slot ( if slot > 1 ) .
*/
clear_LDT();
return ;
}
/*
* If page table isolation is enabled , ldt - > entries
* will not be mapped in the userspace pagetables .
* Tell the CPU to access the LDT through the alias
* at ldt_slot_va ( ldt - > slot ) .
*/
set_ldt(ldt_slot_va(ldt->slot), ldt->nr_entries);
} else {
set_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->nr_entries);
}
} else {
clear_LDT();
}
}
void switch_ldt(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next)
{
/*
* Load the LDT if either the old or new mm had an LDT .
*
* An mm will never go from having an LDT to not having an LDT . Two
* mms never share an LDT , so we don ' t gain anything by checking to
* see whether the LDT changed . There ' s also no guarantee that
* prev - > context . ldt actually matches LDTR , but , if LDTR is non - NULL ,
* then prev - > context . ldt will also be non - NULL .
*
* If we really cared , we could optimize the case where prev = = next
* and we ' re exiting lazy mode . Most of the time , if this happens ,
* we don ' t actually need to reload LDTR , but modify_ldt ( ) is mostly
* used by legacy code and emulators where we don ' t need this level of
* performance .
*
* This uses | instead of | | because it generates better code .
*/
if (unlikely((unsigned long )prev->context.ldt |
(unsigned long )next->context.ldt))
load_mm_ldt(next);
DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(preemptible());
}
static void refresh_ldt_segments(void )
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
unsigned short sel;
/*
* Make sure that the cached DS and ES descriptors match the updated
* LDT .
*/
savesegment(ds, sel);
if ((sel & SEGMENT_TI_MASK) == SEGMENT_LDT)
loadsegment(ds, sel);
savesegment(es, sel);
if ((sel & SEGMENT_TI_MASK) == SEGMENT_LDT)
loadsegment(es, sel);
#endif
}
/* context.lock is held by the task which issued the smp function call */
static void flush_ldt(void *__mm)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = __mm;
if (this_cpu_read(cpu_tlbstate.loaded_mm) != mm)
return ;
load_mm_ldt(mm);
refresh_ldt_segments();
}
/* The caller must call finalize_ldt_struct on the result. LDT starts zeroed. */
static struct ldt_struct *alloc_ldt_struct(unsigned int num_entries)
{
struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
unsigned int alloc_size;
if (num_entries > LDT_ENTRIES)
return NULL;
new_ldt = kmalloc(sizeof (struct ldt_struct), GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
if (!new_ldt)
return NULL;
BUILD_BUG_ON(LDT_ENTRY_SIZE != sizeof (struct desc_struct));
alloc_size = num_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
/*
* Xen is very picky : it requires a page - aligned LDT that has no
* trailing nonzero bytes in any page that contains LDT descriptors .
* Keep it simple : zero the whole allocation and never allocate less
* than PAGE_SIZE .
*/
if (alloc_size > PAGE_SIZE)
new_ldt->entries = __vmalloc(alloc_size, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT | __GFP_ZERO);
else
new_ldt->entries = (void *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
if (!new_ldt->entries) {
kfree(new_ldt);
return NULL;
}
/* The new LDT isn't aliased for PTI yet. */
new_ldt->slot = -1 ;
new_ldt->nr_entries = num_entries;
return new_ldt;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
static void do_sanity_check(struct mm_struct *mm,
bool had_kernel_mapping,
bool had_user_mapping)
{
if (mm->context.ldt) {
/*
* We already had an LDT . The top - level entry should already
* have been allocated and synchronized with the usermode
* tables .
*/
WARN_ON(!had_kernel_mapping);
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
WARN_ON(!had_user_mapping);
} else {
/*
* This is the first time we ' re mapping an LDT for this process .
* Sync the pgd to the usermode tables .
*/
WARN_ON(had_kernel_mapping);
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
WARN_ON(had_user_mapping);
}
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
static pmd_t *pgd_to_pmd_walk(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long va)
{
p4d_t *p4d;
pud_t *pud;
if (pgd->pgd == 0 )
return NULL;
p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, va);
if (p4d_none(*p4d))
return NULL;
pud = pud_offset(p4d, va);
if (pud_none(*pud))
return NULL;
return pmd_offset(pud, va);
}
static void map_ldt_struct_to_user(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
pgd_t *k_pgd = pgd_offset(mm, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
pgd_t *u_pgd = kernel_to_user_pgdp(k_pgd);
pmd_t *k_pmd, *u_pmd;
k_pmd = pgd_to_pmd_walk(k_pgd, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
u_pmd = pgd_to_pmd_walk(u_pgd, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI) && !mm->context.ldt)
set_pmd(u_pmd, *k_pmd);
}
static void sanity_check_ldt_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
pgd_t *k_pgd = pgd_offset(mm, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
pgd_t *u_pgd = kernel_to_user_pgdp(k_pgd);
bool had_kernel, had_user;
pmd_t *k_pmd, *u_pmd;
k_pmd = pgd_to_pmd_walk(k_pgd, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
u_pmd = pgd_to_pmd_walk(u_pgd, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
had_kernel = (k_pmd->pmd != 0 );
had_user = (u_pmd->pmd != 0 );
do_sanity_check(mm, had_kernel, had_user);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_X86_PAE */
static void map_ldt_struct_to_user(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset(mm, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI) && !mm->context.ldt)
set_pgd(kernel_to_user_pgdp(pgd), *pgd);
}
static void sanity_check_ldt_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset(mm, LDT_BASE_ADDR);
bool had_kernel = (pgd->pgd != 0 );
bool had_user = (kernel_to_user_pgdp(pgd)->pgd != 0 );
do_sanity_check(mm, had_kernel, had_user);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_X86_PAE */
/*
* If PTI is enabled , this maps the LDT into the kernelmode and
* usermode tables for the given mm .
*/
static int
map_ldt_struct(struct mm_struct *mm, struct ldt_struct *ldt, int slot)
{
unsigned long va;
bool is_vmalloc;
spinlock_t *ptl;
int i, nr_pages;
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
return 0 ;
/*
* Any given ldt_struct should have map_ldt_struct ( ) called at most
* once .
*/
WARN_ON(ldt->slot != -1 );
/* Check if the current mappings are sane */
sanity_check_ldt_mapping(mm);
is_vmalloc = is_vmalloc_addr(ldt->entries);
nr_pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(ldt->nr_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
for (i = 0 ; i < nr_pages; i++) {
unsigned long offset = i << PAGE_SHIFT;
const void *src = (char *)ldt->entries + offset;
unsigned long pfn;
pgprot_t pte_prot;
pte_t pte, *ptep;
va = (unsigned long )ldt_slot_va(slot) + offset;
pfn = is_vmalloc ? vmalloc_to_pfn(src) :
page_to_pfn(virt_to_page(src));
/*
* Treat the PTI LDT range as a * userspace * range .
* get_locked_pte ( ) will allocate all needed pagetables
* and account for them in this mm .
*/
ptep = get_locked_pte(mm, va, &ptl);
if (!ptep)
return -ENOMEM;
/*
* Map it RO so the easy to find address is not a primary
* target via some kernel interface which misses a
* permission check .
*/
pte_prot = __pgprot(__PAGE_KERNEL_RO & ~_PAGE_GLOBAL);
/* Filter out unsuppored __PAGE_KERNEL* bits: */
pgprot_val(pte_prot) &= __supported_pte_mask;
pte = pfn_pte(pfn, pte_prot);
set_pte_at(mm, va, ptep, pte);
pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, ptl);
}
/* Propagate LDT mapping to the user page-table */
map_ldt_struct_to_user(mm);
ldt->slot = slot;
return 0 ;
}
static void unmap_ldt_struct(struct mm_struct *mm, struct ldt_struct *ldt)
{
unsigned long va;
int i, nr_pages;
if (!ldt)
return ;
/* LDT map/unmap is only required for PTI */
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
return ;
nr_pages = DIV_ROUND_UP(ldt->nr_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
for (i = 0 ; i < nr_pages; i++) {
unsigned long offset = i << PAGE_SHIFT;
spinlock_t *ptl;
pte_t *ptep;
va = (unsigned long )ldt_slot_va(ldt->slot) + offset;
ptep = get_locked_pte(mm, va, &ptl);
if (!WARN_ON_ONCE(!ptep)) {
pte_clear(mm, va, ptep);
pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, ptl);
}
}
va = (unsigned long )ldt_slot_va(ldt->slot);
flush_tlb_mm_range(mm, va, va + nr_pages * PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SHIFT, false );
}
#else /* !CONFIG_MITIGATION_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
static int
map_ldt_struct(struct mm_struct *mm, struct ldt_struct *ldt, int slot)
{
return 0 ;
}
static void unmap_ldt_struct(struct mm_struct *mm, struct ldt_struct *ldt)
{
}
#endif /* CONFIG_MITIGATION_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
static void free_ldt_pgtables(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
struct mmu_gather tlb;
unsigned long start = LDT_BASE_ADDR;
unsigned long end = LDT_END_ADDR;
if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
return ;
/*
* Although free_pgd_range ( ) is intended for freeing user
* page - tables , it also works out for kernel mappings on x86 .
* We use tlb_gather_mmu_fullmm ( ) to avoid confusing the
* range - tracking logic in _ _ tlb_adjust_range ( ) .
*/
tlb_gather_mmu_fullmm(&tlb, mm);
free_pgd_range(&tlb, start, end, start, end);
tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
#endif
}
/* After calling this, the LDT is immutable. */
static void finalize_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
{
paravirt_alloc_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->nr_entries);
}
static void install_ldt(struct mm_struct *mm, struct ldt_struct *ldt)
{
mutex_lock(&mm->context.lock);
/* Synchronizes with READ_ONCE in load_mm_ldt. */
smp_store_release(&mm->context.ldt, ldt);
/* Activate the LDT for all CPUs using currents mm. */
on_each_cpu_mask(mm_cpumask(mm), flush_ldt, mm, true );
mutex_unlock(&mm->context.lock);
}
static void free_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
{
if (likely(!ldt))
return ;
paravirt_free_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->nr_entries);
if (ldt->nr_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
vfree_atomic(ldt->entries);
else
free_page((unsigned long )ldt->entries);
kfree(ldt);
}
/*
* Called on fork from arch_dup_mmap ( ) . Just copy the current LDT state ,
* the new task is not running , so nothing can be installed .
*/
int ldt_dup_context(struct mm_struct *old_mm, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
int retval = 0 ;
if (!old_mm)
return 0 ;
mutex_lock(&old_mm->context.lock);
if (!old_mm->context.ldt)
goto out_unlock;
new_ldt = alloc_ldt_struct(old_mm->context.ldt->nr_entries);
if (!new_ldt) {
retval = -ENOMEM;
goto out_unlock;
}
memcpy(new_ldt->entries, old_mm->context.ldt->entries,
new_ldt->nr_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
finalize_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
retval = map_ldt_struct(mm, new_ldt, 0 );
if (retval) {
free_ldt_pgtables(mm);
free_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
goto out_unlock;
}
mm->context.ldt = new_ldt;
out_unlock:
mutex_unlock(&old_mm->context.lock);
return retval;
}
/*
* No need to lock the MM as we are the last user
*
* 64 bit : Don ' t touch the LDT register - we ' re already in the next thread .
*/
void destroy_context_ldt(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
free_ldt_struct(mm->context.ldt);
mm->context.ldt = NULL;
}
void ldt_arch_exit_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
free_ldt_pgtables(mm);
}
static int read_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
unsigned long entries_size;
int retval;
down_read(&mm->context.ldt_usr_sem);
if (!mm->context.ldt) {
retval = 0 ;
goto out_unlock;
}
if (bytecount > LDT_ENTRY_SIZE * LDT_ENTRIES)
bytecount = LDT_ENTRY_SIZE * LDT_ENTRIES;
entries_size = mm->context.ldt->nr_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE;
if (entries_size > bytecount)
entries_size = bytecount;
if (copy_to_user(ptr, mm->context.ldt->entries, entries_size)) {
retval = -EFAULT;
goto out_unlock;
}
if (entries_size != bytecount) {
/* Zero-fill the rest and pretend we read bytecount bytes. */
if (clear_user(ptr + entries_size, bytecount - entries_size)) {
retval = -EFAULT;
goto out_unlock;
}
}
retval = bytecount;
out_unlock:
up_read(&mm->context.ldt_usr_sem);
return retval;
}
static int read_default_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount)
{
/* CHECKME: Can we use _one_ random number ? */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
unsigned long size = 5 * sizeof (struct desc_struct);
#else
unsigned long size = 128 ;
#endif
if (bytecount > size)
bytecount = size;
if (clear_user(ptr, bytecount))
return -EFAULT;
return bytecount;
}
static bool allow_16bit_segments(void )
{
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_16BIT))
return false ;
#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_PV
/*
* Xen PV does not implement ESPFIX64 , which means that 16 - bit
* segments will not work correctly . Until either Xen PV implements
* ESPFIX64 and can signal this fact to the guest or unless someone
* provides compelling evidence that allowing broken 16 - bit segments
* is worthwhile , disallow 16 - bit segments under Xen PV .
*/
if (xen_pv_domain()) {
pr_info_once("Warning: 16-bit segments do not work correctly in a Xen PV guest\n" );
return false ;
}
#endif
return true ;
}
static int write_ldt(void __user *ptr, unsigned long bytecount, int oldmode)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
struct ldt_struct *new_ldt, *old_ldt;
unsigned int old_nr_entries, new_nr_entries;
struct user_desc ldt_info;
struct desc_struct ldt;
int error;
error = -EINVAL;
if (bytecount != sizeof (ldt_info))
goto out;
error = -EFAULT;
if (copy_from_user(&ldt_info, ptr, sizeof (ldt_info)))
goto out;
error = -EINVAL;
if (ldt_info.entry_number >= LDT_ENTRIES)
goto out;
if (ldt_info.contents == 3 ) {
if (oldmode)
goto out;
if (ldt_info.seg_not_present == 0 )
goto out;
}
if ((oldmode && !ldt_info.base_addr && !ldt_info.limit) ||
LDT_empty(&ldt_info)) {
/* The user wants to clear the entry. */
memset(&ldt, 0 , sizeof (ldt));
} else {
if (!ldt_info.seg_32bit && !allow_16bit_segments()) {
error = -EINVAL;
goto out;
}
fill_ldt(&ldt, &ldt_info);
if (oldmode)
ldt.avl = 0 ;
}
if (down_write_killable(&mm->context.ldt_usr_sem))
return -EINTR;
old_ldt = mm->context.ldt;
old_nr_entries = old_ldt ? old_ldt->nr_entries : 0 ;
new_nr_entries = max(ldt_info.entry_number + 1 , old_nr_entries);
error = -ENOMEM;
new_ldt = alloc_ldt_struct(new_nr_entries);
if (!new_ldt)
goto out_unlock;
if (old_ldt)
memcpy(new_ldt->entries, old_ldt->entries, old_nr_entries * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
new_ldt->entries[ldt_info.entry_number] = ldt;
finalize_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
/*
* If we are using PTI , map the new LDT into the userspace pagetables .
* If there is already an LDT , use the other slot so that other CPUs
* will continue to use the old LDT until install_ldt ( ) switches
* them over to the new LDT .
*/
error = map_ldt_struct(mm, new_ldt, old_ldt ? !old_ldt->slot : 0 );
if (error) {
/*
* This only can fail for the first LDT setup . If an LDT is
* already installed then the PTE page is already
* populated . Mop up a half populated page table .
*/
if (!WARN_ON_ONCE(old_ldt))
free_ldt_pgtables(mm);
free_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
goto out_unlock;
}
install_ldt(mm, new_ldt);
unmap_ldt_struct(mm, old_ldt);
free_ldt_struct(old_ldt);
error = 0 ;
out_unlock:
up_write(&mm->context.ldt_usr_sem);
out:
return error;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE3(modify_ldt, int , func , void __user * , ptr ,
unsigned long , bytecount)
{
int ret = -ENOSYS;
switch (func) {
case 0 :
ret = read_ldt(ptr, bytecount);
break ;
case 1 :
ret = write_ldt(ptr, bytecount, 1 );
break ;
case 2 :
ret = read_default_ldt(ptr, bytecount);
break ;
case 0 x11:
ret = write_ldt(ptr, bytecount, 0 );
break ;
}
/*
* The SYSCALL_DEFINE ( ) macros give us an ' unsigned long '
* return type , but the ABI for sys_modify_ldt ( ) expects
* ' int ' . This cast gives us an int - sized value in % rax
* for the return code . The ' unsigned ' is necessary so
* the compiler does not try to sign - extend the negative
* return codes into the high half of the register when
* taking the value from int - > long .
*/
return (unsigned int )ret;
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=93 H=85 G=88
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.18 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-28)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-10-10
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