Quelle tdx.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/* Copyright (C) 2021-2022 Intel Corporation */
#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) "tdx: " fmt
#include <linux/cpufeature.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/kexec.h>
#include <asm /coco.h>
#include <asm /tdx.h>
#include <asm /vmx.h>
#include <asm /ia32.h>
#include <asm /insn.h>
#include <asm /insn-eval.h>
#include <asm /paravirt_types.h>
#include <asm /pgtable.h>
#include <asm /set_memory.h>
#include <asm /traps.h>
/* MMIO direction */
#define EPT_READ 0
#define EPT_WRITE 1
/* Port I/O direction */
#define PORT_READ 0
#define PORT_WRITE 1
/* See Exit Qualification for I/O Instructions in VMX documentation */
#define VE_IS_IO_IN(e) ((e) & BIT(3 ))
#define VE_GET_IO_SIZE(e) (((e) & GENMASK(2 , 0 )) + 1 )
#define VE_GET_PORT_NUM(e) ((e) >> 16 )
#define VE_IS_IO_STRING(e) ((e) & BIT(4 ))
/* TDX Module call error codes */
#define TDCALL_RETURN_CODE(a) ((a) >> 32 )
#define TDCALL_INVALID_OPERAND 0 xc0000100
#define TDCALL_OPERAND_BUSY 0 x80000200
#define TDREPORT_SUBTYPE_0 0
static atomic_long_t nr_shared;
/* Called from __tdx_hypercall() for unrecoverable failure */
noinstr void __noreturn __tdx_hypercall_failed(void )
{
instrumentation_begin();
panic("TDVMCALL failed. TDX module bug?" );
}
#ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
long tdx_kvm_hypercall(unsigned int nr, unsigned long p1, unsigned long p2,
unsigned long p3, unsigned long p4)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = nr,
.r11 = p1,
.r12 = p2,
.r13 = p3,
.r14 = p4,
};
return __tdx_hypercall(&args);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tdx_kvm_hypercall);
#endif
/*
* Used for TDX guests to make calls directly to the TD module . This
* should only be used for calls that have no legitimate reason to fail
* or where the kernel can not survive the call failing .
*/
static inline void tdcall(u64 fn, struct tdx_module_args *args)
{
if (__tdcall_ret(fn, args))
panic("TDCALL %lld failed (Buggy TDX module!)\n" , fn);
}
/* Read TD-scoped metadata */
static inline u64 tdg_vm_rd(u64 field, u64 *value)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.rdx = field,
};
u64 ret;
ret = __tdcall_ret(TDG_VM_RD, &args);
*value = args.r8;
return ret;
}
/* Write TD-scoped metadata */
static inline u64 tdg_vm_wr(u64 field, u64 value, u64 mask)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.rdx = field,
.r8 = value,
.r9 = mask,
};
return __tdcall(TDG_VM_WR, &args);
}
/**
* tdx_mcall_get_report0 ( ) - Wrapper to get TDREPORT0 ( a . k . a . TDREPORT
* subtype 0 ) using TDG . MR . REPORT TDCALL .
* @ reportdata : Address of the input buffer which contains user - defined
* REPORTDATA to be included into TDREPORT .
* @ tdreport : Address of the output buffer to store TDREPORT .
*
* Refer to section titled " TDG . MR . REPORT leaf " in the TDX Module v1 . 0
* specification for more information on TDG . MR . REPORT TDCALL .
*
* It is used in the TDX guest driver module to get the TDREPORT0 .
*
* Return 0 on success , - ENXIO for invalid operands , - EBUSY for busy operation ,
* or - EIO on other TDCALL failures .
*/
int tdx_mcall_get_report0(u8 *reportdata, u8 *tdreport)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.rcx = virt_to_phys(tdreport),
.rdx = virt_to_phys(reportdata),
.r8 = TDREPORT_SUBTYPE_0,
};
u64 ret;
ret = __tdcall(TDG_MR_REPORT, &args);
if (ret) {
if (TDCALL_RETURN_CODE(ret) == TDCALL_INVALID_OPERAND)
return -ENXIO;
else if (TDCALL_RETURN_CODE(ret) == TDCALL_OPERAND_BUSY)
return -EBUSY;
return -EIO;
}
return 0 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tdx_mcall_get_report0);
/**
* tdx_mcall_extend_rtmr ( ) - Wrapper to extend RTMR registers using
* TDG . MR . RTMR . EXTEND TDCALL .
* @ index : Index of RTMR register to be extended .
* @ data : Address of the input buffer with RTMR register extend data .
*
* Refer to section titled " TDG . MR . RTMR . EXTEND leaf " in the TDX Module v1 . 0
* specification for more information on TDG . MR . RTMR . EXTEND TDCALL .
*
* It is used in the TDX guest driver module to allow user to extend the RTMR
* registers .
*
* Return 0 on success , - ENXIO for invalid operands , - EBUSY for busy operation ,
* or - EIO on other TDCALL failures .
*/
int tdx_mcall_extend_rtmr(u8 index, u8 *data)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.rcx = virt_to_phys(data),
.rdx = index,
};
u64 ret;
ret = __tdcall(TDG_MR_RTMR_EXTEND, &args);
if (ret) {
if (TDCALL_RETURN_CODE(ret) == TDCALL_INVALID_OPERAND)
return -ENXIO;
if (TDCALL_RETURN_CODE(ret) == TDCALL_OPERAND_BUSY)
return -EBUSY;
return -EIO;
}
return 0 ;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tdx_mcall_extend_rtmr);
/**
* tdx_hcall_get_quote ( ) - Wrapper to request TD Quote using GetQuote
* hypercall .
* @ buf : Address of the directly mapped shared kernel buffer which
* contains TDREPORT . The same buffer will be used by VMM to
* store the generated TD Quote output .
* @ size : size of the tdquote buffer ( 4 KB - aligned ) .
*
* Refer to section titled " TDG . VP . VMCALL < GetQuote > " in the TDX GHCI
* v1 . 0 specification for more information on GetQuote hypercall .
* It is used in the TDX guest driver module to get the TD Quote .
*
* Return 0 on success or error code on failure .
*/
u64 tdx_hcall_get_quote(u8 *buf, size_t size)
{
/* Since buf is a shared memory, set the shared (decrypted) bits */
return _tdx_hypercall(TDVMCALL_GET_QUOTE, cc_mkdec(virt_to_phys(buf)), size, 0 , 0 );
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tdx_hcall_get_quote);
static void __noreturn tdx_panic(const char *msg)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = TDVMCALL_REPORT_FATAL_ERROR,
.r12 = 0 , /* Error code: 0 is Panic */
};
union {
/* Define register order according to the GHCI */
struct { u64 r14, r15, rbx, rdi, rsi, r8, r9, rdx; };
char bytes[64 ] __nonstring;
} message;
/* VMM assumes '\0' in byte 65, if the message took all 64 bytes */
strtomem_pad(message.bytes, msg, '\0' );
args.r8 = message.r8;
args.r9 = message.r9;
args.r14 = message.r14;
args.r15 = message.r15;
args.rdi = message.rdi;
args.rsi = message.rsi;
args.rbx = message.rbx;
args.rdx = message.rdx;
/*
* This hypercall should never return and it is not safe
* to keep the guest running . Call it forever if it
* happens to return .
*/
while (1 )
__tdx_hypercall(&args);
}
/*
* The kernel cannot handle # VEs when accessing normal kernel memory . Ensure
* that no # VE will be delivered for accesses to TD - private memory .
*
* TDX 1 . 0 does not allow the guest to disable SEPT # VE on its own . The VMM
* controls if the guest will receive such # VE with TD attribute
* TDX_ATTR_SEPT_VE_DISABLE .
*
* Newer TDX modules allow the guest to control if it wants to receive SEPT
* violation # VEs .
*
* Check if the feature is available and disable SEPT # VE if possible .
*
* If the TD is allowed to disable / enable SEPT # VEs , the TDX_ATTR_SEPT_VE_DISABLE
* attribute is no longer reliable . It reflects the initial state of the
* control for the TD , but it will not be updated if someone ( e . g . bootloader )
* changes it before the kernel starts . Kernel must check TDCS_TD_CTLS bit to
* determine if SEPT # VEs are enabled or disabled .
*/
static void disable_sept_ve(u64 td_attr)
{
const char *msg = "TD misconfiguration: SEPT #VE has to be disabled" ;
bool debug = td_attr & TDX_ATTR_DEBUG;
u64 config, controls;
/* Is this TD allowed to disable SEPT #VE */
tdg_vm_rd(TDCS_CONFIG_FLAGS, &config);
if (!(config & TDCS_CONFIG_FLEXIBLE_PENDING_VE)) {
/* No SEPT #VE controls for the guest: check the attribute */
if (td_attr & TDX_ATTR_SEPT_VE_DISABLE)
return ;
/* Relax SEPT_VE_DISABLE check for debug TD for backtraces */
if (debug)
pr_warn("%s\n" , msg);
else
tdx_panic(msg);
return ;
}
/* Check if SEPT #VE has been disabled before us */
tdg_vm_rd(TDCS_TD_CTLS, &controls);
if (controls & TD_CTLS_PENDING_VE_DISABLE)
return ;
/* Keep #VEs enabled for splats in debugging environments */
if (debug)
return ;
/* Disable SEPT #VEs */
tdg_vm_wr(TDCS_TD_CTLS, TD_CTLS_PENDING_VE_DISABLE,
TD_CTLS_PENDING_VE_DISABLE);
}
/*
* TDX 1 . 0 generates a # VE when accessing topology - related CPUID leafs ( 0 xB and
* 0 x1F ) and the X2APIC_APICID MSR . The kernel returns all zeros on CPUID # VEs .
* In practice , this means that the kernel can only boot with a plain topology .
* Any complications will cause problems .
*
* The ENUM_TOPOLOGY feature allows the VMM to provide topology information .
* Enabling the feature eliminates topology - related # VEs : the TDX module
* virtualizes accesses to the CPUID leafs and the MSR .
*
* Enable ENUM_TOPOLOGY if it is available .
*/
static void enable_cpu_topology_enumeration(void )
{
u64 configured;
/* Has the VMM provided a valid topology configuration? */
tdg_vm_rd(TDCS_TOPOLOGY_ENUM_CONFIGURED, &configured);
if (!configured) {
pr_err("VMM did not configure X2APIC_IDs properly\n" );
return ;
}
tdg_vm_wr(TDCS_TD_CTLS, TD_CTLS_ENUM_TOPOLOGY, TD_CTLS_ENUM_TOPOLOGY);
}
static void reduce_unnecessary_ve(void )
{
u64 err = tdg_vm_wr(TDCS_TD_CTLS, TD_CTLS_REDUCE_VE, TD_CTLS_REDUCE_VE);
if (err == TDX_SUCCESS)
return ;
/*
* Enabling REDUCE_VE includes ENUM_TOPOLOGY . Only try to
* enable ENUM_TOPOLOGY if REDUCE_VE was not successful .
*/
enable_cpu_topology_enumeration();
}
static void tdx_setup(u64 *cc_mask)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {};
unsigned int gpa_width;
u64 td_attr;
/*
* TDINFO TDX module call is used to get the TD execution environment
* information like GPA width , number of available vcpus , debug mode
* information , etc . More details about the ABI can be found in TDX
* Guest - Host - Communication Interface ( GHCI ) , section 2 . 4 . 2 TDCALL
* [ TDG . VP . INFO ] .
*/
tdcall(TDG_VP_INFO, &args);
/*
* The highest bit of a guest physical address is the " sharing " bit .
* Set it for shared pages and clear it for private pages .
*
* The GPA width that comes out of this call is critical . TDX guests
* can not meaningfully run without it .
*/
gpa_width = args.rcx & GENMASK(5 , 0 );
*cc_mask = BIT_ULL(gpa_width - 1 );
td_attr = args.rdx;
/* Kernel does not use NOTIFY_ENABLES and does not need random #VEs */
tdg_vm_wr(TDCS_NOTIFY_ENABLES, 0 , -1 ULL);
disable_sept_ve(td_attr);
reduce_unnecessary_ve();
}
/*
* The TDX module spec states that # VE may be injected for a limited set of
* reasons :
*
* - Emulation of the architectural # VE injection on EPT violation ;
*
* - As a result of guest TD execution of a disallowed instruction ,
* a disallowed MSR access , or CPUID virtualization ;
*
* - A notification to the guest TD about anomalous behavior ;
*
* The last one is opt - in and is not used by the kernel .
*
* The Intel Software Developer ' s Manual describes cases when instruction
* length field can be used in section " Information for VM Exits Due to
* Instruction Execution " .
*
* For TDX , it ultimately means GET_VEINFO provides reliable instruction length
* information if # VE occurred due to instruction execution , but not for EPT
* violations .
*/
static int ve_instr_len(struct ve_info *ve)
{
switch (ve->exit_reason) {
case EXIT_REASON_HLT:
case EXIT_REASON_MSR_READ:
case EXIT_REASON_MSR_WRITE:
case EXIT_REASON_CPUID:
case EXIT_REASON_IO_INSTRUCTION:
/* It is safe to use ve->instr_len for #VE due instructions */
return ve->instr_len;
case EXIT_REASON_EPT_VIOLATION:
/*
* For EPT violations , ve - > insn_len is not defined . For those ,
* the kernel must decode instructions manually and should not
* be using this function .
*/
WARN_ONCE(1 , "ve->instr_len is not defined for EPT violations" );
return 0 ;
default :
WARN_ONCE(1 , "Unexpected #VE-type: %lld\n" , ve->exit_reason);
return ve->instr_len;
}
}
static u64 __cpuidle __halt(const bool irq_disabled)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_HLT),
.r12 = irq_disabled,
};
/*
* Emulate HLT operation via hypercall . More info about ABI
* can be found in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface
* ( GHCI ) , section 3 . 8 TDG . VP . VMCALL < Instruction . HLT > .
*
* The VMM uses the " IRQ disabled " param to understand IRQ
* enabled status ( RFLAGS . IF ) of the TD guest and to determine
* whether or not it should schedule the halted vCPU if an
* IRQ becomes pending . E . g . if IRQs are disabled , the VMM
* can keep the vCPU in virtual HLT , even if an IRQ is
* pending , without hanging / breaking the guest .
*/
return __tdx_hypercall(&args);
}
static int handle_halt(struct ve_info *ve)
{
const bool irq_disabled = irqs_disabled();
/*
* HLT with IRQs enabled is unsafe , as an IRQ that is intended to be a
* wake event may be consumed before requesting HLT emulation , leaving
* the vCPU blocking indefinitely .
*/
if (WARN_ONCE(!irq_disabled, "HLT emulation with IRQs enabled" ))
return -EIO;
if (__halt(irq_disabled))
return -EIO;
return ve_instr_len(ve);
}
void __cpuidle tdx_halt(void )
{
const bool irq_disabled = false ;
/*
* Use WARN_ONCE ( ) to report the failure .
*/
if (__halt(irq_disabled))
WARN_ONCE(1 , "HLT instruction emulation failed\n" );
}
static void __cpuidle tdx_safe_halt(void )
{
tdx_halt();
/*
* " _ _ cpuidle " section doesn ' t support instrumentation , so stick
* with raw_ * variant that avoids tracing hooks .
*/
raw_local_irq_enable();
}
static int read_msr(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_MSR_READ),
.r12 = regs->cx,
};
/*
* Emulate the MSR read via hypercall . More info about ABI
* can be found in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface
* ( GHCI ) , section titled " TDG . VP . VMCALL < Instruction . RDMSR > " .
*/
if (__tdx_hypercall(&args))
return -EIO;
regs->ax = lower_32_bits(args.r11);
regs->dx = upper_32_bits(args.r11);
return ve_instr_len(ve);
}
static int write_msr(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_MSR_WRITE),
.r12 = regs->cx,
.r13 = (u64)regs->dx << 32 | regs->ax,
};
/*
* Emulate the MSR write via hypercall . More info about ABI
* can be found in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface
* ( GHCI ) section titled " TDG . VP . VMCALL < Instruction . WRMSR > " .
*/
if (__tdx_hypercall(&args))
return -EIO;
return ve_instr_len(ve);
}
static int handle_cpuid(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_CPUID),
.r12 = regs->ax,
.r13 = regs->cx,
};
/*
* Only allow VMM to control range reserved for hypervisor
* communication .
*
* Return all - zeros for any CPUID outside the range . It matches CPU
* behaviour for non - supported leaf .
*/
if (regs->ax < 0 x40000000 || regs->ax > 0 x4FFFFFFF) {
regs->ax = regs->bx = regs->cx = regs->dx = 0 ;
return ve_instr_len(ve);
}
/*
* Emulate the CPUID instruction via a hypercall . More info about
* ABI can be found in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface
* ( GHCI ) , section titled " VP . VMCALL < Instruction . CPUID > " .
*/
if (__tdx_hypercall(&args))
return -EIO;
/*
* As per TDX GHCI CPUID ABI , r12 - r15 registers contain contents of
* EAX , EBX , ECX , EDX registers after the CPUID instruction execution .
* So copy the register contents back to pt_regs .
*/
regs->ax = args.r12;
regs->bx = args.r13;
regs->cx = args.r14;
regs->dx = args.r15;
return ve_instr_len(ve);
}
static bool mmio_read(int size, unsigned long addr, unsigned long *val)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_EPT_VIOLATION),
.r12 = size,
.r13 = EPT_READ,
.r14 = addr,
};
if (__tdx_hypercall(&args))
return false ;
*val = args.r11;
return true ;
}
static bool mmio_write(int size, unsigned long addr, unsigned long val)
{
return !_tdx_hypercall(hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_EPT_VIOLATION), size,
EPT_WRITE, addr, val);
}
static int handle_mmio(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
unsigned long *reg, val, vaddr;
char buffer[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
enum insn_mmio_type mmio;
struct insn insn = {};
int size, extend_size;
u8 extend_val = 0 ;
/* Only in-kernel MMIO is supported */
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(user_mode(regs)))
return -EFAULT;
if (copy_from_kernel_nofault(buffer, (void *)regs->ip, MAX_INSN_SIZE))
return -EFAULT;
if (insn_decode(&insn, buffer, MAX_INSN_SIZE, INSN_MODE_64))
return -EINVAL;
mmio = insn_decode_mmio(&insn, &size);
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(mmio == INSN_MMIO_DECODE_FAILED))
return -EINVAL;
if (mmio != INSN_MMIO_WRITE_IMM && mmio != INSN_MMIO_MOVS) {
reg = insn_get_modrm_reg_ptr(&insn, regs);
if (!reg)
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!fault_in_kernel_space(ve->gla)) {
WARN_ONCE(1 , "Access to userspace address is not supported" );
return -EINVAL;
}
/*
* Reject EPT violation # VEs that split pages .
*
* MMIO accesses are supposed to be naturally aligned and therefore
* never cross page boundaries . Seeing split page accesses indicates
* a bug or a load_unaligned_zeropad ( ) that stepped into an MMIO page .
*
* load_unaligned_zeropad ( ) will recover using exception fixups .
*/
vaddr = (unsigned long )insn_get_addr_ref(&insn, regs);
if (vaddr / PAGE_SIZE != (vaddr + size - 1 ) / PAGE_SIZE)
return -EFAULT;
/* Handle writes first */
switch (mmio) {
case INSN_MMIO_WRITE:
memcpy(&val, reg, size);
if (!mmio_write(size, ve->gpa, val))
return -EIO;
return insn.length;
case INSN_MMIO_WRITE_IMM:
val = insn.immediate.value;
if (!mmio_write(size, ve->gpa, val))
return -EIO;
return insn.length;
case INSN_MMIO_READ:
case INSN_MMIO_READ_ZERO_EXTEND:
case INSN_MMIO_READ_SIGN_EXTEND:
/* Reads are handled below */
break ;
case INSN_MMIO_MOVS:
case INSN_MMIO_DECODE_FAILED:
/*
* MMIO was accessed with an instruction that could not be
* decoded or handled properly . It was likely not using io . h
* helpers or accessed MMIO accidentally .
*/
return -EINVAL;
default :
WARN_ONCE(1 , "Unknown insn_decode_mmio() decode value?" );
return -EINVAL;
}
/* Handle reads */
if (!mmio_read(size, ve->gpa, &val))
return -EIO;
switch (mmio) {
case INSN_MMIO_READ:
/* Zero-extend for 32-bit operation */
extend_size = size == 4 ? sizeof (*reg) : 0 ;
break ;
case INSN_MMIO_READ_ZERO_EXTEND:
/* Zero extend based on operand size */
extend_size = insn.opnd_bytes;
break ;
case INSN_MMIO_READ_SIGN_EXTEND:
/* Sign extend based on operand size */
extend_size = insn.opnd_bytes;
if (size == 1 && val & BIT(7 ))
extend_val = 0 xFF;
else if (size > 1 && val & BIT(15 ))
extend_val = 0 xFF;
break ;
default :
/* All other cases has to be covered with the first switch() */
WARN_ON_ONCE(1 );
return -EINVAL;
}
if (extend_size)
memset(reg, extend_val, extend_size);
memcpy(reg, &val, size);
return insn.length;
}
static bool handle_in(struct pt_regs *regs, int size, int port)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_IO_INSTRUCTION),
.r12 = size,
.r13 = PORT_READ,
.r14 = port,
};
u64 mask = GENMASK(BITS_PER_BYTE * size, 0 );
bool success;
/*
* Emulate the I / O read via hypercall . More info about ABI can be found
* in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface ( GHCI ) section titled
* " TDG . VP . VMCALL < Instruction . IO > " .
*/
success = !__tdx_hypercall(&args);
/* Update part of the register affected by the emulated instruction */
regs->ax &= ~mask;
if (success)
regs->ax |= args.r11 & mask;
return success;
}
static bool handle_out(struct pt_regs *regs, int size, int port)
{
u64 mask = GENMASK(BITS_PER_BYTE * size, 0 );
/*
* Emulate the I / O write via hypercall . More info about ABI can be found
* in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface ( GHCI ) section titled
* " TDG . VP . VMCALL < Instruction . IO > " .
*/
return !_tdx_hypercall(hcall_func(EXIT_REASON_IO_INSTRUCTION), size,
PORT_WRITE, port, regs->ax & mask);
}
/*
* Emulate I / O using hypercall .
*
* Assumes the IO instruction was using ax , which is enforced
* by the standard io . h macros .
*
* Return True on success or False on failure .
*/
static int handle_io(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
u32 exit_qual = ve->exit_qual;
int size, port;
bool in, ret;
if (VE_IS_IO_STRING(exit_qual))
return -EIO;
in = VE_IS_IO_IN(exit_qual);
size = VE_GET_IO_SIZE(exit_qual);
port = VE_GET_PORT_NUM(exit_qual);
if (in)
ret = handle_in(regs, size, port);
else
ret = handle_out(regs, size, port);
if (!ret)
return -EIO;
return ve_instr_len(ve);
}
/*
* Early # VE exception handler . Only handles a subset of port I / O .
* Intended only for earlyprintk . If failed , return false .
*/
__init bool tdx_early_handle_ve(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
struct ve_info ve;
int insn_len;
tdx_get_ve_info(&ve);
if (ve.exit_reason != EXIT_REASON_IO_INSTRUCTION)
return false ;
insn_len = handle_io(regs, &ve);
if (insn_len < 0 )
return false ;
regs->ip += insn_len;
return true ;
}
void tdx_get_ve_info(struct ve_info *ve)
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {};
/*
* Called during # VE handling to retrieve the # VE info from the
* TDX module .
*
* This has to be called early in # VE handling . A " nested " # VE which
* occurs before this will raise a # DF and is not recoverable .
*
* The call retrieves the # VE info from the TDX module , which also
* clears the " # VE valid " flag . This must be done before anything else
* because any # VE that occurs while the valid flag is set will lead to
* # DF .
*
* Note , the TDX module treats virtual NMIs as inhibited if the # VE
* valid flag is set . It means that NMI = > # VE will not result in a # DF .
*/
tdcall(TDG_VP_VEINFO_GET, &args);
/* Transfer the output parameters */
ve->exit_reason = args.rcx;
ve->exit_qual = args.rdx;
ve->gla = args.r8;
ve->gpa = args.r9;
ve->instr_len = lower_32_bits(args.r10);
ve->instr_info = upper_32_bits(args.r10);
}
/*
* Handle the user initiated # VE .
*
* On success , returns the number of bytes RIP should be incremented ( > = 0 )
* or - errno on error .
*/
static int virt_exception_user(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
switch (ve->exit_reason) {
case EXIT_REASON_CPUID:
return handle_cpuid(regs, ve);
default :
pr_warn("Unexpected #VE: %lld\n" , ve->exit_reason);
return -EIO;
}
}
static inline bool is_private_gpa(u64 gpa)
{
return gpa == cc_mkenc(gpa);
}
/*
* Handle the kernel # VE .
*
* On success , returns the number of bytes RIP should be incremented ( > = 0 )
* or - errno on error .
*/
static int virt_exception_kernel(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
switch (ve->exit_reason) {
case EXIT_REASON_HLT:
return handle_halt(ve);
case EXIT_REASON_MSR_READ:
return read_msr(regs, ve);
case EXIT_REASON_MSR_WRITE:
return write_msr(regs, ve);
case EXIT_REASON_CPUID:
return handle_cpuid(regs, ve);
case EXIT_REASON_EPT_VIOLATION:
if (is_private_gpa(ve->gpa))
panic("Unexpected EPT-violation on private memory." );
return handle_mmio(regs, ve);
case EXIT_REASON_IO_INSTRUCTION:
return handle_io(regs, ve);
default :
pr_warn("Unexpected #VE: %lld\n" , ve->exit_reason);
return -EIO;
}
}
bool tdx_handle_virt_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, struct ve_info *ve)
{
int insn_len;
if (user_mode(regs))
insn_len = virt_exception_user(regs, ve);
else
insn_len = virt_exception_kernel(regs, ve);
if (insn_len < 0 )
return false ;
/* After successful #VE handling, move the IP */
regs->ip += insn_len;
return true ;
}
static bool tdx_tlb_flush_required(bool private )
{
/*
* TDX guest is responsible for flushing TLB on private - > shared
* transition . VMM is responsible for flushing on shared - > private .
*
* The VMM _ can ' t_ flush private addresses as it can ' t generate PAs
* with the guest ' s HKID . Shared memory isn ' t subject to integrity
* checking , i . e . the VMM doesn ' t need to flush for its own protection .
*
* There ' s no need to flush when converting from shared to private ,
* as flushing is the VMM ' s responsibility in this case , e . g . it must
* flush to avoid integrity failures in the face of a buggy or
* malicious guest .
*/
return !private ;
}
static bool tdx_cache_flush_required(void )
{
/*
* AMD SME / SEV can avoid cache flushing if HW enforces cache coherence .
* TDX doesn ' t have such capability .
*
* Flush cache unconditionally .
*/
return true ;
}
/*
* Notify the VMM about page mapping conversion . More info about ABI
* can be found in TDX Guest - Host - Communication Interface ( GHCI ) ,
* section " TDG . VP . VMCALL < MapGPA > " .
*/
static bool tdx_map_gpa(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end, bool enc)
{
/* Retrying the hypercall a second time should succeed; use 3 just in case */
const int max_retries_per_page = 3 ;
int retry_count = 0 ;
if (!enc) {
/* Set the shared (decrypted) bits: */
start |= cc_mkdec(0 );
end |= cc_mkdec(0 );
}
while (retry_count < max_retries_per_page) {
struct tdx_module_args args = {
.r10 = TDX_HYPERCALL_STANDARD,
.r11 = TDVMCALL_MAP_GPA,
.r12 = start,
.r13 = end - start };
u64 map_fail_paddr;
u64 ret = __tdx_hypercall(&args);
if (ret != TDVMCALL_STATUS_RETRY)
return !ret;
/*
* The guest must retry the operation for the pages in the
* region starting at the GPA specified in R11 . R11 comes
* from the untrusted VMM . Sanity check it .
*/
map_fail_paddr = args.r11;
if (map_fail_paddr < start || map_fail_paddr >= end)
return false ;
/* "Consume" a retry without forward progress */
if (map_fail_paddr == start) {
retry_count++;
continue ;
}
start = map_fail_paddr;
retry_count = 0 ;
}
return false ;
}
/*
* Inform the VMM of the guest ' s intent for this physical page : shared with
* the VMM or private to the guest . The VMM is expected to change its mapping
* of the page in response .
*/
static bool tdx_enc_status_changed(unsigned long vaddr, int numpages, bool enc)
{
phys_addr_t start = __pa(vaddr);
phys_addr_t end = __pa(vaddr + numpages * PAGE_SIZE);
if (!tdx_map_gpa(start, end, enc))
return false ;
/* shared->private conversion requires memory to be accepted before use */
if (enc)
return tdx_accept_memory(start, end);
return true ;
}
static int tdx_enc_status_change_prepare(unsigned long vaddr, int numpages,
bool enc)
{
/*
* Only handle shared - > private conversion here .
* See the comment in tdx_early_init ( ) .
*/
if (enc && !tdx_enc_status_changed(vaddr, numpages, enc))
return -EIO;
return 0 ;
}
static int tdx_enc_status_change_finish(unsigned long vaddr, int numpages,
bool enc)
{
/*
* Only handle private - > shared conversion here .
* See the comment in tdx_early_init ( ) .
*/
if (!enc && !tdx_enc_status_changed(vaddr, numpages, enc))
return -EIO;
if (enc)
atomic_long_sub(numpages, &nr_shared);
else
atomic_long_add(numpages, &nr_shared);
return 0 ;
}
/* Stop new private<->shared conversions */
static void tdx_kexec_begin(void )
{
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE))
return ;
/*
* Crash kernel reaches here with interrupts disabled : can ' t wait for
* conversions to finish .
*
* If race happened , just report and proceed .
*/
if (!set_memory_enc_stop_conversion())
pr_warn("Failed to stop shared<->private conversions\n" );
}
/* Walk direct mapping and convert all shared memory back to private */
static void tdx_kexec_finish(void )
{
unsigned long addr, end;
long found = 0 , shared;
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE))
return ;
lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
addr = PAGE_OFFSET;
end = PAGE_OFFSET + get_max_mapped();
while (addr < end) {
unsigned long size;
unsigned int level;
pte_t *pte;
pte = lookup_address(addr, &level);
size = page_level_size(level);
if (pte && pte_decrypted(*pte)) {
int pages = size / PAGE_SIZE;
/*
* Touching memory with shared bit set triggers implicit
* conversion to shared .
*
* Make sure nobody touches the shared range from
* now on .
*/
set_pte(pte, __pte(0 ));
/*
* Memory encryption state persists across kexec .
* If tdx_enc_status_changed ( ) fails in the first
* kernel , it leaves memory in an unknown state .
*
* If that memory remains shared , accessing it in the
* * next * kernel through a private mapping will result
* in an unrecoverable guest shutdown .
*
* The kdump kernel boot is not impacted as it uses
* a pre - reserved memory range that is always private .
* However , gathering crash information could lead to
* a crash if it accesses unconverted memory through
* a private mapping which is possible when accessing
* that memory through / proc / vmcore , for example .
*
* In all cases , print error info in order to leave
* enough bread crumbs for debugging .
*/
if (!tdx_enc_status_changed(addr, pages, true )) {
pr_err("Failed to unshare range %#lx-%#lx\n" ,
addr, addr + size);
}
found += pages;
}
addr += size;
}
__flush_tlb_all();
shared = atomic_long_read(&nr_shared);
if (shared != found) {
pr_err("shared page accounting is off\n" );
pr_err("nr_shared = %ld, nr_found = %ld\n" , shared, found);
}
}
static __init void tdx_announce(void )
{
struct tdx_module_args args = {};
u64 controls;
pr_info("Guest detected\n" );
tdcall(TDG_VP_INFO, &args);
tdx_dump_attributes(args.rdx);
tdg_vm_rd(TDCS_TD_CTLS, &controls);
tdx_dump_td_ctls(controls);
}
void __init tdx_early_init(void )
{
u64 cc_mask;
u32 eax, sig[3 ];
cpuid_count(TDX_CPUID_LEAF_ID, 0 , &eax, &sig[0 ], &sig[2 ], &sig[1 ]);
if (memcmp(TDX_IDENT, sig, sizeof (sig)))
return ;
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_TDX_GUEST);
/* TSC is the only reliable clock in TDX guest */
setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_TSC_RELIABLE);
cc_vendor = CC_VENDOR_INTEL;
/* Configure the TD */
tdx_setup(&cc_mask);
cc_set_mask(cc_mask);
/*
* All bits above GPA width are reserved and kernel treats shared bit
* as flag , not as part of physical address .
*
* Adjust physical mask to only cover valid GPA bits .
*/
physical_mask &= cc_mask - 1 ;
/*
* The kernel mapping should match the TDX metadata for the page .
* load_unaligned_zeropad ( ) can touch memory * adjacent * to that which is
* owned by the caller and can catch even _ momentary_ mismatches . Bad
* things happen on mismatch :
*
* - Private mapping = > Shared Page = = Guest shutdown
* - Shared mapping = > Private Page = = Recoverable # VE
*
* guest . enc_status_change_prepare ( ) converts the page from
* shared = > private before the mapping becomes private .
*
* guest . enc_status_change_finish ( ) converts the page from
* private = > shared after the mapping becomes private .
*
* In both cases there is a temporary shared mapping to a private page ,
* which can result in a # VE . But , there is never a private mapping to
* a shared page .
*/
x86_platform.guest.enc_status_change_prepare = tdx_enc_status_change_prepare;
x86_platform.guest.enc_status_change_finish = tdx_enc_status_change_finish;
x86_platform.guest.enc_cache_flush_required = tdx_cache_flush_required;
x86_platform.guest.enc_tlb_flush_required = tdx_tlb_flush_required;
x86_platform.guest.enc_kexec_begin = tdx_kexec_begin;
x86_platform.guest.enc_kexec_finish = tdx_kexec_finish;
/*
* Avoid " sti ; hlt " execution in TDX guests as HLT induces a # VE that
* will enable interrupts before HLT TDCALL invocation if executed
* in STI - shadow , possibly resulting in missed wakeup events .
*
* Modify all possible HLT execution paths to use TDX specific routines
* that directly execute TDCALL and toggle the interrupt state as
* needed after TDCALL completion . This also reduces HLT related # VEs
* in addition to having a reliable halt logic execution .
*/
pv_ops.irq.safe_halt = tdx_safe_halt;
pv_ops.irq.halt = tdx_halt;
/*
* TDX intercepts the RDMSR to read the X2APIC ID in the parallel
* bringup low level code . That raises # VE which cannot be handled
* there .
*
* Intel - TDX has a secure RDMSR hypercall , but that needs to be
* implemented separately in the low level startup ASM code .
* Until that is in place , disable parallel bringup for TDX .
*/
x86_cpuinit.parallel_bringup = false ;
tdx_announce();
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=95 H=98 G=96
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.23 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-27)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-10-10
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