Quelle misc.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* misc . c
*
* This is a collection of several routines used to extract the kernel
* which includes KASLR relocation , decompression , ELF parsing , and
* relocation processing . Additionally included are the screen and serial
* output functions and related debugging support functions .
*
* malloc by Hannu Savolainen 1993 and Matthias Urlichs 1994
* puts by Nick Holloway 1993 , better puts by Martin Mares 1995
* High loaded stuff by Hans Lermen & Werner Almesberger , Feb . 1996
*/
#include "misc.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "../string.h"
#include "../voffset.h"
#include <asm /bootparam_utils.h>
/*
* WARNING ! !
* This code is compiled with - fPIC and it is relocated dynamically at
* run time , but no relocation processing is performed . This means that
* it is not safe to place pointers in static structures .
*/
/* Macros used by the included decompressor code below. */
#define STATIC static
/* Define an externally visible malloc()/free(). */
#define MALLOC_VISIBLE
#include <linux/decompress/mm.h>
/*
* Provide definitions of memzero and memmove as some of the decompressors will
* try to define their own functions if these are not defined as macros .
*/
#define memzero(s, n) memset((s), 0 , (n))
#ifndef memmove
#define memmove memmove
/* Functions used by the included decompressor code below. */
void *memmove(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n);
#endif
/*
* This is set up by the setup - routine at boot - time
*/
struct boot_params *boot_params_ptr;
struct port_io_ops pio_ops;
memptr free_mem_ptr;
memptr free_mem_end_ptr;
int spurious_nmi_count;
static char *vidmem;
static int vidport;
/* These might be accessed before .bss is cleared, so use .data instead. */
static int lines __section(".data" );
static int cols __section(".data" );
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_GZIP
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_inflate.c"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_BZIP2
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_bunzip2.c"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_LZMA
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_unlzma.c"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_XZ
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_unxz.c"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_LZO
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_unlzo.c"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_LZ4
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_unlz4.c"
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KERNEL_ZSTD
#include "../../../../lib/decompress_unzstd.c"
#endif
/*
* NOTE : When adding a new decompressor , please update the analysis in
* . . / header . S .
*/
static void scroll(void )
{
int i;
memmove(vidmem, vidmem + cols * 2 , (lines - 1 ) * cols * 2 );
for (i = (lines - 1 ) * cols * 2 ; i < lines * cols * 2 ; i += 2 )
vidmem[i] = ' ' ;
}
#define XMTRDY 0 x20
#define TXR 0 /* Transmit register (WRITE) */
#define LSR 5 /* Line Status */
static void serial_putchar(int ch)
{
unsigned timeout = 0 xffff;
while ((inb(early_serial_base + LSR) & XMTRDY) == 0 && --timeout)
cpu_relax();
outb(ch, early_serial_base + TXR);
}
void __putstr(const char *s)
{
int x, y, pos;
char c;
if (early_serial_base) {
const char *str = s;
while (*str) {
if (*str == '\n' )
serial_putchar('\r' );
serial_putchar(*str++);
}
}
if (lines == 0 || cols == 0 )
return ;
x = boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_x;
y = boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_y;
while ((c = *s++) != '\0' ) {
if (c == '\n' ) {
x = 0 ;
if (++y >= lines) {
scroll();
y--;
}
} else {
vidmem[(x + cols * y) * 2 ] = c;
if (++x >= cols) {
x = 0 ;
if (++y >= lines) {
scroll();
y--;
}
}
}
}
boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_x = x;
boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_y = y;
pos = (x + cols * y) * 2 ; /* Update cursor position */
outb(14 , vidport);
outb(0 xff & (pos >> 9 ), vidport+1 );
outb(15 , vidport);
outb(0 xff & (pos >> 1 ), vidport+1 );
}
static noinline void __putnum(unsigned long value, unsigned int base,
int mindig)
{
char buf[8 *sizeof (value)+1 ];
char *p;
p = buf + sizeof (buf);
*--p = '\0' ;
while (mindig-- > 0 || value) {
unsigned char digit = value % base;
digit += (digit >= 10 ) ? ('a' -10 ) : '0' ;
*--p = digit;
value /= base;
}
__putstr(p);
}
void __puthex(unsigned long value)
{
__putnum(value, 16 , sizeof (value)*2 );
}
void __putdec(unsigned long value)
{
__putnum(value, 10 , 1 );
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_NEED_RELOCS
static void handle_relocations(void *output, unsigned long output_len,
unsigned long virt_addr)
{
int *reloc;
unsigned long delta, map, ptr;
unsigned long min_addr = (unsigned long )output;
unsigned long max_addr = min_addr + (VO___bss_start - VO__text);
/*
* Calculate the delta between where vmlinux was linked to load
* and where it was actually loaded .
*/
delta = min_addr - LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR;
/*
* The kernel contains a table of relocation addresses . Those
* addresses have the final load address of the kernel in virtual
* memory . We are currently working in the self map . So we need to
* create an adjustment for kernel memory addresses to the self map .
* This will involve subtracting out the base address of the kernel .
*/
map = delta - __START_KERNEL_map;
/*
* 32 - bit always performs relocations . 64 - bit relocations are only
* needed if KASLR has chosen a different starting address offset
* from _ _ START_KERNEL_map .
*/
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64))
delta = virt_addr - LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR;
if (!delta) {
debug_putstr("No relocation needed... " );
return ;
}
debug_putstr("Performing relocations... " );
/*
* Process relocations : 32 bit relocations first then 64 bit after .
* Two sets of binary relocations are added to the end of the kernel
* before compression . Each relocation table entry is the kernel
* address of the location which needs to be updated stored as a
* 32 - bit value which is sign extended to 64 bits .
*
* Format is :
*
* kernel bits . . .
* 0 - zero terminator for 64 bit relocations
* 64 bit relocation repeated
* 0 - zero terminator for 32 bit relocations
* 32 bit relocation repeated
*
* So we work backwards from the end of the decompressed image .
*/
for (reloc = output + output_len - sizeof (*reloc); *reloc; reloc--) {
long extended = *reloc;
extended += map;
ptr = (unsigned long )extended;
if (ptr < min_addr || ptr > max_addr)
error("32-bit relocation outside of kernel!\n" );
*(uint32_t *)ptr += delta;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
for (reloc--; *reloc; reloc--) {
long extended = *reloc;
extended += map;
ptr = (unsigned long )extended;
if (ptr < min_addr || ptr > max_addr)
error("64-bit relocation outside of kernel!\n" );
*(uint64_t *)ptr += delta;
}
#endif
}
#else
static inline void handle_relocations(void *output, unsigned long output_len,
unsigned long virt_addr)
{ }
#endif
static size_t parse_elf(void *output)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
Elf64_Ehdr ehdr;
Elf64_Phdr *phdrs, *phdr;
#else
Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
Elf32_Phdr *phdrs, *phdr;
#endif
void *dest;
int i;
memcpy(&ehdr, output, sizeof (ehdr));
if (ehdr.e_ident[EI_MAG0] != ELFMAG0 ||
ehdr.e_ident[EI_MAG1] != ELFMAG1 ||
ehdr.e_ident[EI_MAG2] != ELFMAG2 ||
ehdr.e_ident[EI_MAG3] != ELFMAG3)
error("Kernel is not a valid ELF file" );
debug_putstr("Parsing ELF... " );
phdrs = malloc(sizeof (*phdrs) * ehdr.e_phnum);
if (!phdrs)
error("Failed to allocate space for phdrs" );
memcpy(phdrs, output + ehdr.e_phoff, sizeof (*phdrs) * ehdr.e_phnum);
for (i = 0 ; i < ehdr.e_phnum; i++) {
phdr = &phdrs[i];
switch (phdr->p_type) {
case PT_LOAD:
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
if ((phdr->p_align % 0 x200000) != 0 )
error("Alignment of LOAD segment isn't multiple of 2MB" );
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
dest = output;
dest += (phdr->p_paddr - LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR);
#else
dest = (void *)(phdr->p_paddr);
#endif
memmove(dest, output + phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz);
break ;
default : /* Ignore other PT_* */ break;
}
}
free(phdrs);
return ehdr.e_entry - LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR;
}
const unsigned long kernel_text_size = VO___start_rodata - VO__text;
const unsigned long kernel_total_size = VO__end - VO__text;
static u8 boot_heap[BOOT_HEAP_SIZE] __aligned(4 );
extern unsigned char input_data[];
extern unsigned int input_len, output_len;
unsigned long decompress_kernel(unsigned char *outbuf, unsigned long virt_addr,
void (*error)(char *x))
{
unsigned long entry;
if (!free_mem_ptr) {
free_mem_ptr = (unsigned long )boot_heap;
free_mem_end_ptr = (unsigned long )boot_heap + sizeof (boot_heap);
}
if (__decompress(input_data, input_len, NULL, NULL, outbuf, output_len,
NULL, error) < 0 )
return ULONG_MAX;
entry = parse_elf(outbuf);
handle_relocations(outbuf, output_len, virt_addr);
return entry;
}
/*
* Set the memory encryption xloadflag based on the mem_encrypt = command line
* parameter , if provided .
*/
static void parse_mem_encrypt(struct setup_header *hdr)
{
int on = cmdline_find_option_bool("mem_encrypt=on" );
int off = cmdline_find_option_bool("mem_encrypt=off" );
if (on > off)
hdr->xloadflags |= XLF_MEM_ENCRYPTION;
}
static void early_sev_detect(void )
{
/*
* Accessing video memory causes guest termination because
* the boot stage2 # VC handler of SEV - ES / SNP guests does not
* support MMIO handling and kexec - c adds screen_info to the
* boot parameters passed to the kexec kernel , which causes
* console output to be dumped to both video and serial .
*/
if (sev_status & MSR_AMD64_SEV_ES_ENABLED)
lines = cols = 0 ;
}
/*
* The compressed kernel image ( ZO ) , has been moved so that its position
* is against the end of the buffer used to hold the uncompressed kernel
* image ( VO ) and the execution environment ( . bss , . brk ) , which makes sure
* there is room to do the in - place decompression . ( See header . S for the
* calculations . )
*
* | - - - - - compressed kernel image - - - - - - |
* V V
* 0 extract_offset + INIT_SIZE
* | - - - - - - - - - - - | - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | - - - - - - - - |
* | | | |
* VO__text startup_32 of ZO VO__end ZO__end
* ^ ^
* | - - - - - - - uncompressed kernel image - - - - - - - - - |
*
*/
asmlinkage __visible void *extract_kernel(void *rmode, unsigned char *output)
{
unsigned long virt_addr = LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR;
memptr heap = (memptr)boot_heap;
unsigned long needed_size;
size_t entry_offset;
/* Retain x86 boot parameters pointer passed from startup_32/64. */
boot_params_ptr = rmode;
/* Clear flags intended for solely in-kernel use. */
boot_params_ptr->hdr.loadflags &= ~KASLR_FLAG;
parse_mem_encrypt(&boot_params_ptr->hdr);
sanitize_boot_params(boot_params_ptr);
if (boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_video_mode == 7 ) {
vidmem = (char *) 0 xb0000;
vidport = 0 x3b4;
} else {
vidmem = (char *) 0 xb8000;
vidport = 0 x3d4;
}
lines = boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_video_lines;
cols = boot_params_ptr->screen_info.orig_video_cols;
init_default_io_ops();
/*
* Detect TDX guest environment .
*
* It has to be done before console_init ( ) in order to use
* paravirtualized port I / O operations if needed .
*/
early_tdx_detect();
early_sev_detect();
console_init();
/*
* Save RSDP address for later use . Have this after console_init ( )
* so that early debugging output from the RSDP parsing code can be
* collected .
*/
boot_params_ptr->acpi_rsdp_addr = get_rsdp_addr();
debug_putstr("early console in extract_kernel\n" );
free_mem_ptr = heap; /* Heap */
free_mem_end_ptr = heap + BOOT_HEAP_SIZE;
/*
* The memory hole needed for the kernel is the larger of either
* the entire decompressed kernel plus relocation table , or the
* entire decompressed kernel plus . bss and . brk sections .
*
* On X86_64 , the memory is mapped with PMD pages . Round the
* size up so that the full extent of PMD pages mapped is
* included in the check against the valid memory table
* entries . This ensures the full mapped area is usable RAM
* and doesn ' t include any reserved areas .
*/
needed_size = max_t(unsigned long , output_len, kernel_total_size);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
needed_size = ALIGN(needed_size, MIN_KERNEL_ALIGN);
#endif
/* Report initial kernel position details. */
debug_putaddr(input_data);
debug_putaddr(input_len);
debug_putaddr(output);
debug_putaddr(output_len);
debug_putaddr(kernel_total_size);
debug_putaddr(needed_size);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
/* Report address of 32-bit trampoline */
debug_putaddr(trampoline_32bit);
#endif
choose_random_location((unsigned long )input_data, input_len,
(unsigned long *)&output,
needed_size,
&virt_addr);
/* Validate memory location choices. */
if ((unsigned long )output & (MIN_KERNEL_ALIGN - 1 ))
error("Destination physical address inappropriately aligned" );
if (virt_addr & (MIN_KERNEL_ALIGN - 1 ))
error("Destination virtual address inappropriately aligned" );
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
if (heap > 0 x3fffffffffffUL)
error("Destination address too large" );
if (virt_addr + needed_size > KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE)
error("Destination virtual address is beyond the kernel mapping area" );
#else
if (heap > ((-__PAGE_OFFSET-(128 <<20 )-1 ) & 0 x7fffffff))
error("Destination address too large" );
#endif
#ifndef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
if (virt_addr != LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR)
error("Destination virtual address changed when not relocatable" );
#endif
debug_putstr("\nDecompressing Linux... " );
if (init_unaccepted_memory()) {
debug_putstr("Accepting memory... " );
accept_memory(__pa(output), needed_size);
}
entry_offset = decompress_kernel(output, virt_addr, error);
debug_putstr("done.\nBooting the kernel (entry_offset: 0x" );
debug_puthex(entry_offset);
debug_putstr(").\n" );
/* Disable exception handling before booting the kernel */
cleanup_exception_handling();
if (spurious_nmi_count) {
error_putstr("Spurious early NMIs ignored: " );
error_putdec(spurious_nmi_count);
error_putstr("\n" );
}
return output + entry_offset;
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=90 H=97 G=93
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.15 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-28)
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*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-10-10
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