/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
/*
* KVM nVHE hypervisor stack tracing support .
*
* The unwinder implementation depends on the nVHE mode :
*
* 1 ) Non - protected nVHE mode - the host can directly access the
* HYP stack pages and unwind the HYP stack in EL1 . This saves having
* to allocate shared buffers for the host to read the unwinded
* stacktrace .
*
* 2 ) pKVM ( protected nVHE ) mode - the host cannot directly access
* the HYP memory . The stack is unwinded in EL2 and dumped to a shared
* buffer where the host can read and print the stacktrace .
*
* Copyright ( C ) 2022 Google LLC
*/
#include <linux/kvm.h>
#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
#include <asm /kvm_mmu.h>
#include <asm /stacktrace/nvhe.h>
static struct stack_info stackinfo_get_overflow(void )
{
struct kvm_nvhe_stacktrace_info *stacktrace_info
= this_cpu_ptr_nvhe_sym(kvm_stacktrace_info);
unsigned long low = (unsigned long )stacktrace_info->overflow_stack_base;
unsigned long high = low + OVERFLOW_STACK_SIZE;
return (struct stack_info) {
.low = low,
.high = high,
};
}
static struct stack_info stackinfo_get_overflow_kern_va(void )
{
unsigned long low = (unsigned long )this_cpu_ptr_nvhe_sym(overflow_stack);
unsigned long high = low + OVERFLOW_STACK_SIZE;
return (struct stack_info) {
.low = low,
.high = high,
};
}
static struct stack_info stackinfo_get_hyp(void )
{
struct kvm_nvhe_stacktrace_info *stacktrace_info
= this_cpu_ptr_nvhe_sym(kvm_stacktrace_info);
unsigned long low = (unsigned long )stacktrace_info->stack_base;
unsigned long high = low + NVHE_STACK_SIZE;
return (struct stack_info) {
.low = low,
.high = high,
};
}
static struct stack_info stackinfo_get_hyp_kern_va(void )
{
unsigned long low = (unsigned long )*this_cpu_ptr(&kvm_arm_hyp_stack_base);
unsigned long high = low + NVHE_STACK_SIZE;
return (struct stack_info) {
.low = low,
.high = high,
};
}
/*
* kvm_nvhe_stack_kern_va - Convert KVM nVHE HYP stack addresses to a kernel VAs
*
* The nVHE hypervisor stack is mapped in the flexible ' private ' VA range , to
* allow for guard pages below the stack . Consequently , the fixed offset address
* translation macros won ' t work here .
*
* The kernel VA is calculated as an offset from the kernel VA of the hypervisor
* stack base .
*
* Returns true on success and updates @ addr to its corresponding kernel VA ;
* otherwise returns false .
*/
static bool kvm_nvhe_stack_kern_va(unsigned long *addr, unsigned long size)
{
struct stack_info stack_hyp, stack_kern;
stack_hyp = stackinfo_get_hyp();
stack_kern = stackinfo_get_hyp_kern_va();
if (stackinfo_on_stack(&stack_hyp, *addr, size))
goto found;
stack_hyp = stackinfo_get_overflow();
stack_kern = stackinfo_get_overflow_kern_va();
if (stackinfo_on_stack(&stack_hyp, *addr, size))
goto found;
return false ;
found:
*addr = *addr - stack_hyp.low + stack_kern.low;
return true ;
}
/*
* Convert a KVN nVHE HYP frame record address to a kernel VA
*/
static bool kvm_nvhe_stack_kern_record_va(unsigned long *addr)
{
return kvm_nvhe_stack_kern_va(addr, 16 );
}
static int unwind_next(struct unwind_state *state)
{
/*
* The FP is in the hypervisor VA space . Convert it to the kernel VA
* space so it can be unwound by the regular unwind functions .
*/
if (!kvm_nvhe_stack_kern_record_va(&state->fp))
return -EINVAL;
return unwind_next_frame_record(state);
}
static void unwind(struct unwind_state *state,
stack_trace_consume_fn consume_entry, void *cookie)
{
while (1 ) {
int ret;
if (!consume_entry(cookie, state->pc))
break ;
ret = unwind_next(state);
if (ret < 0 )
break ;
}
}
/*
* kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_entry - Symbolize and print an nVHE backtrace entry
*
* @ arg : the hypervisor offset , used for address translation
* @ where : the program counter corresponding to the stack frame
*/
static bool kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_entry(void *arg, unsigned long where)
{
unsigned long va_mask = GENMASK_ULL(__hyp_va_bits - 1 , 0 );
unsigned long hyp_offset = (unsigned long )arg;
/* Mask tags and convert to kern addr */
where = (where & va_mask) + hyp_offset;
kvm_err(" [<%016lx>] %pB\n" , where, (void *)(where + kaslr_offset()));
return true ;
}
static void kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_start(void )
{
kvm_err("nVHE call trace:\n" );
}
static void kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_end(void )
{
kvm_err("---[ end nVHE call trace ]---\n" );
}
/*
* hyp_dump_backtrace - Dump the non - protected nVHE backtrace .
*
* @ hyp_offset : hypervisor offset , used for address translation .
*
* The host can directly access HYP stack pages in non - protected
* mode , so the unwinding is done directly from EL1 . This removes
* the need for shared buffers between host and hypervisor for
* the stacktrace .
*/
static void hyp_dump_backtrace(unsigned long hyp_offset)
{
struct kvm_nvhe_stacktrace_info *stacktrace_info;
struct stack_info stacks[] = {
stackinfo_get_overflow_kern_va(),
stackinfo_get_hyp_kern_va(),
};
struct unwind_state state = {
.stacks = stacks,
.nr_stacks = ARRAY_SIZE(stacks),
};
stacktrace_info = this_cpu_ptr_nvhe_sym(kvm_stacktrace_info);
kvm_nvhe_unwind_init(&state, stacktrace_info->fp, stacktrace_info->pc);
kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_start();
unwind(&state, kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_entry, (void *)hyp_offset);
kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_end();
}
#ifdef CONFIG_PROTECTED_NVHE_STACKTRACE
DECLARE_KVM_NVHE_PER_CPU(unsigned long [NVHE_STACKTRACE_SIZE/sizeof (long )],
pkvm_stacktrace);
/*
* pkvm_dump_backtrace - Dump the protected nVHE HYP backtrace .
*
* @ hyp_offset : hypervisor offset , used for address translation .
*
* Dumping of the pKVM HYP backtrace is done by reading the
* stack addresses from the shared stacktrace buffer , since the
* host cannot directly access hypervisor memory in protected
* mode .
*/
static void pkvm_dump_backtrace(unsigned long hyp_offset)
{
unsigned long *stacktrace
= (unsigned long *) this_cpu_ptr_nvhe_sym(pkvm_stacktrace);
int i;
kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_start();
/* The saved stacktrace is terminated by a null entry */
for (i = 0 ;
i < ARRAY_SIZE(kvm_nvhe_sym(pkvm_stacktrace)) && stacktrace[i];
i++)
kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_entry((void *)hyp_offset, stacktrace[i]);
kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace_end();
}
#else /* !CONFIG_PROTECTED_NVHE_STACKTRACE */
static void pkvm_dump_backtrace(unsigned long hyp_offset)
{
kvm_err("Cannot dump pKVM nVHE stacktrace: !CONFIG_PROTECTED_NVHE_STACKTRACE\n" );
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PROTECTED_NVHE_STACKTRACE */
/*
* kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace - Dump KVM nVHE hypervisor backtrace .
*
* @ hyp_offset : hypervisor offset , used for address translation .
*/
void kvm_nvhe_dump_backtrace(unsigned long hyp_offset)
{
if (is_protected_kvm_enabled())
pkvm_dump_backtrace(hyp_offset);
else
hyp_dump_backtrace(hyp_offset);
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=95 H=92 G=93
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.12 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-27)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland