/* cmplxf.c
*
* Complex number arithmetic
*
*
*
* SYNOPSIS :
*
* typedef struct {
* float r ; real part
* float i ; imaginary part
* } cmplxf ;
*
* cmplxf * a , * b , * c ;
*
* caddf ( a , b , c ) ; c = b + a
* csubf ( a , b , c ) ; c = b - a
* cmulf ( a , b , c ) ; c = b * a
* cdivf ( a , b , c ) ; c = b / a
* cnegf ( c ) ; c = - c
* cmovf ( b , c ) ; c = b
*
*
*
* DESCRIPTION :
*
* Addition :
* c . r = b . r + a . r
* c . i = b . i + a . i
*
* Subtraction :
* c . r = b . r - a . r
* c . i = b . i - a . i
*
* Multiplication :
* c . r = b . r * a . r - b . i * a . i
* c . i = b . r * a . i + b . i * a . r
*
* Division :
* d = a . r * a . r + a . i * a . i
* c . r = ( b . r * a . r + b . i * a . i ) / d
* c . i = ( b . i * a . r - b . r * a . i ) / d
* ACCURACY :
*
* In DEC arithmetic , the test ( 1 / z ) * z = 1 had peak relative
* error 3 . 1 e - 17 , rms 1 . 2 e - 17 . The test ( y / z ) * ( z / y ) = 1 had
* peak relative error 8 . 3 e - 17 , rms 2 . 1 e - 17 .
*
* Tests in the rectangle { - 10 , + 10 } :
* Relative error :
* arithmetic function # trials peak rms
* IEEE cadd 30000 5 . 9 e - 8 2 . 6 e - 8
* IEEE csub 30000 6 . 0 e - 8 2 . 6 e - 8
* IEEE cmul 30000 1 . 1 e - 7 3 . 7 e - 8
* IEEE cdiv 30000 2 . 1 e - 7 5 . 7 e - 8
*/
/* cmplx.c
* complex number arithmetic
*/
/*
Cephes Math Library Release 2 . 1 : December , 1988
Copyright 1984 , 1987 , 1988 by Stephen L . Moshier
Direct inquiries to 30 Frost Street , Cambridge , MA 02140
*/
#include "mconf.h"
extern float MAXNUMF, MACHEPF, PIF, PIO2F;
#define fabsf(x) ( (x) < 0 ? -(x) : (x) )
#ifdef ANSIC
float sqrtf(float ), frexpf(float , int *);
float ldexpf(float , int );
float cabsf(cmplxf *), atan2f(float , float ), cosf(float ), sinf(float );
#else
float sqrtf(), frexpf(), ldexpf();
float cabsf(), atan2f(), cosf(), sinf();
#endif
/*
typedef struct
{
float r ;
float i ;
} cmplxf ;
*/
cmplxf czerof = {0 .0 , 0 .0 };
extern cmplxf czerof;
cmplxf conef = {1 .0 , 0 .0 };
extern cmplxf conef;
/* c = b + a */
void caddf( a, b, c )
register cmplxf *a, *b;
cmplxf *c;
{
c->r = b->r + a->r;
c->i = b->i + a->i;
}
/* c = b - a */
void csubf( a, b, c )
register cmplxf *a, *b;
cmplxf *c;
{
c->r = b->r - a->r;
c->i = b->i - a->i;
}
/* c = b * a */
void cmulf( a, b, c )
register cmplxf *a, *b;
cmplxf *c;
{
register float y;
y = b->r * a->r - b->i * a->i;
c->i = b->r * a->i + b->i * a->r;
c->r = y;
}
/* c = b / a */
void cdivf( a, b, c )
register cmplxf *a, *b;
cmplxf *c;
{
float y, p, q, w;
y = a->r * a->r + a->i * a->i;
p = b->r * a->r + b->i * a->i;
q = b->i * a->r - b->r * a->i;
if ( y < 1 .0 f )
{
w = MAXNUMF * y;
if ( (fabsf(p) > w) || (fabsf(q) > w) || (y == 0 .0 f) )
{
c->r = MAXNUMF;
c->i = MAXNUMF;
mtherr( "cdivf" , OVERFLOW );
return ;
}
}
c->r = p/y;
c->i = q/y;
}
/* b = a */
void cmovf( a, b )
register short *a, *b;
{
int i;
i = 8 ;
do
*b++ = *a++;
while ( --i );
}
void cnegf( a )
register cmplxf *a;
{
a->r = -a->r;
a->i = -a->i;
}
/* cabsf()
*
* Complex absolute value
*
*
*
* SYNOPSIS :
*
* float cabsf ( ) ;
* cmplxf z ;
* float a ;
*
* a = cabsf ( & z ) ;
*
*
*
* DESCRIPTION :
*
*
* If z = x + iy
*
* then
*
* a = sqrt ( x * * 2 + y * * 2 ) .
*
* Overflow and underflow are avoided by testing the magnitudes
* of x and y before squaring . If either is outside half of
* the floating point full scale range , both are rescaled .
*
*
* ACCURACY :
*
* Relative error :
* arithmetic domain # trials peak rms
* IEEE - 10 , + 10 30000 1 . 2 e - 7 3 . 4 e - 8
*/
/*
Cephes Math Library Release 2 . 1 : January , 1989
Copyright 1984 , 1987 , 1989 by Stephen L . Moshier
Direct inquiries to 30 Frost Street , Cambridge , MA 02140
*/
/*
typedef struct
{
float r ;
float i ;
} cmplxf ;
*/
/* square root of max and min numbers */
#define SMAX 1 .3043817825332782216 E+19
#define SMIN 7 .6664670834168704053 E-20
#define PREC 12
#define MAXEXPF 128
#define SMAXT (2 .0 f * SMAX)
#define SMINT (0 .5 f * SMIN)
float cabsf( z )
register cmplxf *z;
{
float x, y, b, re, im;
int ex, ey, e;
re = fabsf( z->r );
im = fabsf( z->i );
if ( re == 0 .0 f )
{
return ( im );
}
if ( im == 0 .0 f )
{
return ( re );
}
/* Get the exponents of the numbers */
x = frexpf( re, &ex );
y = frexpf( im, &ey );
/* Check if one number is tiny compared to the other */
e = ex - ey;
if ( e > PREC )
return ( re );
if ( e < -PREC )
return ( im );
/* Find approximate exponent e of the geometric mean. */
e = (ex + ey) >> 1 ;
/* Rescale so mean is about 1 */
x = ldexpf( re, -e );
y = ldexpf( im, -e );
/* Hypotenuse of the right triangle */
b = sqrtf( x * x + y * y );
/* Compute the exponent of the answer. */
y = frexpf( b, &ey );
ey = e + ey;
/* Check it for overflow and underflow. */
if ( ey > MAXEXPF )
{
mtherr( "cabsf" , OVERFLOW );
return ( MAXNUMF );
}
if ( ey < -MAXEXPF )
return (0 .0 f);
/* Undo the scaling */
b = ldexpf( b, e );
return ( b );
}
/* csqrtf()
*
* Complex square root
*
*
*
* SYNOPSIS :
*
* void csqrtf ( ) ;
* cmplxf z , w ;
*
* csqrtf ( & z , & w ) ;
*
*
*
* DESCRIPTION :
*
*
* If z = x + iy , r = | z | , then
*
* 1 / 2
* Im w = [ ( r - x ) / 2 ] ,
*
* Re w = y / 2 Im w .
*
*
* Note that - w is also a square root of z . The solution
* reported is always in the upper half plane .
*
* Because of the potential for cancellation error in r - x ,
* the result is sharpened by doing a Heron iteration
* ( see sqrt . c ) in complex arithmetic .
*
*
*
* ACCURACY :
*
* Relative error :
* arithmetic domain # trials peak rms
* IEEE - 10 , + 10 100000 1 . 8 e - 7 4 . 2 e - 8
*
*/
void csqrtf( z, w )
cmplxf *z, *w;
{
cmplxf q, s;
float x, y, r, t;
x = z->r;
y = z->i;
if ( y == 0 .0 f )
{
if ( x < 0 .0 f )
{
w->r = 0 .0 f;
w->i = sqrtf(-x);
return ;
}
else
{
w->r = sqrtf(x);
w->i = 0 .0 f;
return ;
}
}
if ( x == 0 .0 f )
{
r = fabsf(y);
r = sqrtf(0 .5 f*r);
if ( y > 0 )
w->r = r;
else
w->r = -r;
w->i = r;
return ;
}
/* Approximate sqrt(x^2+y^2) - x = y^2/2x - y^4/24x^3 + ... .
* The relative error in the first term is approximately y ^ 2 / 12 x ^ 2 .
*/
if ( (fabsf(y) < fabsf(0 .015 f*x))
&& (x > 0 ) )
{
t = 0 .25 f*y*(y/x);
}
else
{
r = cabsf(z);
t = 0 .5 f*(r - x);
}
r = sqrtf(t);
q.i = r;
q.r = 0 .5 f*y/r;
/* Heron iteration in complex arithmetic:
* q = ( q + z / q ) / 2
*/
cdivf( &q, z, &s );
caddf( &q, &s, w );
w->r *= 0 .5 f;
w->i *= 0 .5 f;
}
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