#!/usr/bin/env python3 # # Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License.
"""stack symbolizes native crash dumps."""
import collections import functools import os import pathlib import re import subprocess import symbol import tempfile import unittest
# We use the "file" command line tool to extract BuildId from ELF files.
ElfInfo = collections.namedtuple("ElfInfo", ["bitness", "build_id"])
readelf_output = re.compile(r"Class:\s*ELF(?P<bitness>32|64).*"
r"Build ID:\s*(?P<build_id>[0-9a-f]+)",
flags=re.DOTALL)
# Note that both trace and value line matching allow for variable amounts of # whitespace (e.g. \t). This is because the we want to allow for the stack # tool to operate on AndroidFeedback provided system logs. AndroidFeedback # strips out double spaces that are found in tombsone files and logcat output. # # Examples of matched trace lines include lines from tombstone files like: # #00 pc 001cf42e /data/data/com.my.project/lib/libmyproject.so # # Or lines from AndroidFeedback crash report system logs like: # 03-25 00:51:05.520 I/DEBUG ( 65): #00 pc 001cf42e /data/data/com.my.project/lib/libmyproject.so # Please note the spacing differences.
self.trace_line = re.compile(
r".*"# Random start stuff.
r"\#(?P<frame>[0-9]+)" # Frame number.
r"[ \t]+..[ \t]+"# (space)pc(space).
r"(?P<offset>[0-9a-f]" + self.width + ")[ \t]+"# Offset (hex number given without # 0x prefix).
r"(?P<dso>\[[^\]]+\]|[^\r\n \t]*)"# Library name.
r"( \(offset (?P<so_offset>0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)\))?"# Offset into the file to find the start of the shared so.
r"(?P<symbolpresent> \((?P<symbol>.*?)\))?"# Is the symbol there? (non-greedy)
r"( \(BuildId: (?P<build_id>.*)\))?"# Optional build-id of the ELF file.
r"[ \t]*$") # End of line (to expand non-greedy match). # pylint: disable-msg=C6310 # Sanitizer output. This is different from debuggerd output, and it is easier to handle this as # its own regex. Example: # 08-19 05:29:26.283 397 403 I : #0 0xb6a15237 (/system/lib/libclang_rt.asan-arm-android.so+0x4f237)
self.sanitizer_trace_line = re.compile(
r".*"# Random start stuff.
r"\#(?P<frame>[0-9]+)" # Frame number.
r"[ \t]+0x[0-9a-f]+[ \t]+"# PC, not interesting to us.
r"\("# Opening paren.
r"(?P<dso>[^+]+)"# Library name.
r"\+"# '+'
r"0x(?P<offset>[0-9a-f]+)"# Offset (hex number given with # 0x prefix).
r"\)") # Closing paren. # pylint: disable-msg=C6310 # Examples of matched value lines include: # bea4170c 8018e4e9 /data/data/com.my.project/lib/libmyproject.so # bea4170c 8018e4e9 /data/data/com.my.project/lib/libmyproject.so (symbol) # 03-25 00:51:05.530 I/DEBUG ( 65): bea4170c 8018e4e9 /data/data/com.my.project/lib/libmyproject.so # Again, note the spacing differences.
self.value_line = re.compile(r"(.*)([0-9a-f]" + self.width + r")[ \t]+([0-9a-f]" + self.width + r")[ \t]+([^\r\n \t]*)( \((.*)\))?") # Lines from 'code around' sections of the output will be matched before # value lines because otheriwse the 'code around' sections will be confused as # value lines. # # Examples include: # 801cf40c ffffc4cc 00b2f2c5 00b2f1c7 00c1e1a8 # 03-25 00:51:05.530 I/DEBUG ( 65): 801cf40c ffffc4cc 00b2f2c5 00b2f1c7 00c1e1a8
self.code_line = re.compile(r"(.*)[ \t]*[a-f0-9]" + self.width +
r"[ \t]*[a-f0-9]" + self.width +
r"[ \t]*[a-f0-9]" + self.width +
r"[ \t]*[a-f0-9]" + self.width +
r"[ \t]*[a-f0-9]" + self.width +
r"[ \t]*[ \r\n]") # pylint: disable-msg=C6310
self.mte_sync_line = re.compile(r".*signal 11 \(SIGSEGV\), code 9 \(SEGV_MTESERR\), fault addr 0x(?P<address>[0-9a-f]+)")
self.mte_stack_record_line = re.compile(r".*stack_record fp:0x(?P<fp>[0-9a-f]+) "
r"tag:0x(?P<tag>[0-9a-f]+) "
r"pc:(?P<object>[^+]+)\+0x(?P<offset>[0-9a-f]+)"
r"(?: \(BuildId: (?P<buildid>[A-Za-z0-9]+)\))?")
def CleanLine(self, ln): # AndroidFeedback adds zero width spaces into its crash reports. These # should be removed or the regular expresssions will fail to match. return ln.encode().decode(encoding='utf8', errors='ignore')
def PrintTraceLines(self, trace_lines): """Print back trace."""
maxlen = max(len(tl[1]) for tl in trace_lines)
print("\nStack Trace:")
print(" RELADDR " + self.spacing + "FUNCTION".ljust(maxlen) + " FILE:LINE") for tl in self.trace_lines:
(addr, symbol_with_offset, location) = tl
print(" %8s %s %s" % (addr, symbol_with_offset.ljust(maxlen), location))
def PrintValueLines(self, value_lines): """Print stack data values."""
maxlen = max(len(tl[2]) for tl in self.value_lines)
print("\nStack Data:")
print(" ADDR " + self.spacing + "VALUE " + "FUNCTION".ljust(maxlen) + " FILE:LINE") for vl in self.value_lines:
(addr, value, symbol_with_offset, location) = vl
print(" %8s %8s %s %s" % (addr, value, symbol_with_offset.ljust(maxlen), location))
def MatchStackRecords(self): if self.mte_fault_address isNone: return
fault_tag = (self.mte_fault_address >> 56) & 0xF
untagged_fault_address = self.mte_fault_address & ~(0xF << 56)
build_id_to_lib = {}
record_for_lib = collections.defaultdict(lambda: collections.defaultdict(set)) for i, (lib, buildid, offset, fp, tag) in enumerate(self.mte_stack_records): if buildid isnotNone: if buildid notin build_id_to_lib:
basename = os.path.basename(lib).split("!")[-1]
newlib = self.GetLibraryByBuildId(symbol.SYMBOLS_DIR, basename, buildid) if newlib isnotNone:
build_id_to_lib[buildid] = newlib
lib = newlib else:
lib = build_id_to_lib[buildid]
record_for_lib[lib][offset].add((fp, tag, i))
closest_match = None # This order is load-bearing to make inside sort before 0-byte after, and # 1-byte before sort before 1-byte after (which is actually *two* # bytes OOB).
INSIDE = 0
BEFORE = 1
AFTER = 2
for lib, values in record_for_lib.items():
records = symbol.GetStackRecordsForSet(lib, values.keys()) or [] for (addr, function_name, local_name, file_line, frame_offset, size,
tag_offset) in records: if frame_offset isNoneor size isNoneor tag_offset isNone: continue for fp, tag, i in values[addr]:
obj_offset = untagged_fault_address - fp - frame_offset if tag + tag_offset == fault_tag: if obj_offset >= 0and obj_offset < size:
distance = 0
whence = INSIDE elif obj_offset >= 0:
distance = obj_offset - size
whence = AFTER else: # obj_offset < 0
distance = -obj_offset
whence = BEFORE # We prefer the closest, and if multiple objects match the most # recent one (lowest i).
candidate = (distance, whence, i, obj_offset, local_name,
function_name, file_line) if closest_match isNoneor candidate < closest_match:
closest_match = candidate
print('')
print('Potentially referenced stack object:')
print(' %d bytes %s a variable "%s" in stack frame of function "%s"'%
(distance, whence_str, local_name, function_name))
print(' at %s' % file_line)
def PrintOutput(self, trace_lines, value_lines): if self.trace_lines:
self.PrintTraceLines(self.trace_lines) if self.value_lines:
self.PrintValueLines(self.value_lines) if self.mte_stack_records:
self.MatchStackRecords()
def DeleteApkTmpFiles(self): for _, _, tmp_files in self.apk_info.values(): for tmp_file in tmp_files.values():
os.unlink(tmp_file)
def ConvertTrace(self, lines):
lines = [self.CleanLine(line) for line in lines] try: if symbol.ARCH_IS_32BIT isNone:
symbol.SetBitness(lines)
self.UpdateBitnessRegexes() for line in lines:
self.ProcessLine(line)
self.PrintOutput(self.trace_lines, self.value_lines) finally: # Delete any temporary files created while processing the lines.
self.DeleteApkTmpFiles()
def ExtractLibFromApk(self, apk, shared_lib_name): # Create a temporary file containing the shared library from the apk.
tmp_file = None try:
tmp_fd, tmp_file = tempfile.mkstemp() if subprocess.call(["unzip", "-p", apk, shared_lib_name], stdout=tmp_fd) == 0:
os.close(tmp_fd)
shared_file = tmp_file
tmp_file = None return shared_file finally: if tmp_file:
os.close(tmp_fd)
os.unlink(tmp_file) returnNone
def ProcessCentralInfo(self, offset_list, central_info):
match = self.zipinfo_central_info_match.search(central_info) ifnot match: raise Exception("Cannot find all info from zipinfo\n" + central_info)
name = match.group(1)
start = int(match.group(2))
end = start + int(match.group(3)) # When the actual apk data is mapped in to the process, it will be # mapped in on a page boundary. This means the header data can start # after the actual offset and the code will get the wrong file. # Rounding down to a page boundary (assumes 4096 page size) fixes # this problem.
start = start & ~0xfff
offset_list.append([name, start, end]) return name, start, end
def GetLibFromApk(self, apk, offset): # Convert the string to hex.
offset = int(offset, 16)
# Check if we already have information about this offset. if apk in self.apk_info:
apk_full_path, offset_list, tmp_files = self.apk_info[apk] for file_name, start, end in offset_list: if offset >= start and offset < end: if file_name in tmp_files: return file_name, tmp_files[file_name]
tmp_file = self.ExtractLibFromApk(apk_full_path, file_name) if tmp_file:
tmp_files[file_name] = tmp_file return file_name, tmp_file break returnNone, None
cmd = subprocess.Popen(["zipinfo", "-v", apk_full_path], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
encoding='utf8') # Find the first central info marker. for line in cmd.stdout: if self.zipinfo_central_directory_line.search(line): break
central_info = ""
file_name = None
offset_list = [] for line in cmd.stdout:
match = self.zipinfo_central_directory_line.search(line) if match:
cur_name, start, end = self.ProcessCentralInfo(offset_list, central_info) ifnot file_name and offset >= start and offset < end:
file_name = cur_name
central_info = "" else:
central_info += line if central_info:
cur_name, start, end = self.ProcessCentralInfo(offset_list, central_info) ifnot file_name and offset >= start and offset < end:
file_name = cur_name
# Make sure the offset_list is sorted, the zip file does not guarantee # that the entries are in order.
offset_list = sorted(offset_list, key=lambda entry: entry[1])
# Save the information from the zip.
tmp_files = dict()
self.apk_info[apk] = [apk_full_path, offset_list, tmp_files] ifnot file_name: returnNone, None
tmp_shared_lib = self.ExtractLibFromApk(apk_full_path, file_name) if tmp_shared_lib:
tmp_files[file_name] = tmp_shared_lib return file_name, tmp_shared_lib returnNone, None
# Find all files in the symbols directory and group them by basename (without directory).
@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None) def GlobSymbolsDir(self, symbols_dir):
files_by_basename = {} for path in sorted(pathlib.Path(symbols_dir).glob("**/*")): if os.path.isfile(path):
files_by_basename.setdefault(path.name, []).append(path) return files_by_basename
# Use the "file" command line tool to find the bitness and build_id of given ELF file.
@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None) def GetLibraryInfo(self, lib):
stdout = subprocess.check_output([symbol.ToolPath("llvm-readelf"), "-h", "-n", lib], text=True)
match = self.readelf_output.search(stdout) if match: return self.ElfInfo(bitness=match.group("bitness"), build_id=match.group("build_id")) returnNone
# Search for a library with the given basename and build_id anywhere in the symbols directory.
@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None) def GetLibraryByBuildId(self, symbols_dir, basename, build_id): for candidate in self.GlobSymbolsDir(symbols_dir).get(basename, []):
info = self.GetLibraryInfo(candidate) if info and info.build_id == build_id: return"/" + str(candidate.relative_to(symbols_dir)) returnNone
def GetLibPath(self, lib): if lib in self.lib_to_path: return self.lib_to_path[lib]
# Try and rewrite any apex files if not found in symbols. # For some reason, the directory in symbols does not match # the path on system. # The path is com.android.<directory> on device, but # com.google.android.<directory> in symbols.
new_lib = lib.replace("/com.android.", "/com.google.android.") if os.path.isfile(symbol_dir + new_lib): return new_lib
# When using atest, test paths are different between the out/ directory # and device. Apply fixups. ifnot lib.startswith("/data/local/tests/") andnot lib.startswith("/data/local/tmp/"):
print("WARNING: Cannot find %s in symbol directory" % lib) return lib
# Unfortunately, the location of the real symbol file is not # standardized, so we need to go hunting for it.
# This is in vendor, look for the value in: # /data/nativetest{64}/vendor/test_name/test_name if lib.startswith("/data/local/tests/vendor/"):
lib_path = os.path.join(test_dir + test_dir_bitness, "vendor", test_name, test_name) if os.path.isfile(symbol_dir + lib_path): return lib_path
# Look for the path in: # /data/nativetest{64}/test_name/test_name
lib_path = os.path.join(test_dir + test_dir_bitness, test_name, test_name) if os.path.isfile(symbol_dir + lib_path): return lib_path
# CtsXXX tests are in really non-standard locations try: # /data/nativetest/{test_name}
lib_path = os.path.join(test_dir, test_name) if os.path.isfile(symbol_dir + lib_path): return lib_path # Try: # /data/nativetest/{test_name}{32|64}
lib_path += bitness if os.path.isfile(symbol_dir + lib_path): return lib_path
# Cannot find location, give up and return the original path
print("WARNING: Cannot find %s in symbol directory" % lib) return lib
def ProcessLine(self, line):
ret = False
process_header = self.process_info_line.search(line)
signal_header = self.signal_line.search(line)
abort_message_header = self.abort_message_line.search(line)
thread_header = self.thread_line.search(line)
register_header = self.register_line.search(line)
revision_header = self.revision_line.search(line)
dalvik_jni_thread_header = self.dalvik_jni_thread_line.search(line)
dalvik_native_thread_header = self.dalvik_native_thread_line.search(line)
unreachable_header = self.unreachable_line.search(line) if process_header or signal_header or abort_message_header or thread_header or \
register_header or dalvik_jni_thread_header or dalvik_native_thread_header or \
revision_header or unreachable_header:
ret = True if self.trace_lines or self.value_lines or self.mte_stack_records:
self.PrintOutput(self.trace_lines, self.value_lines)
self.PrintDivider()
self.trace_lines = []
self.value_lines = []
self.mte_fault_address = None
self.mte_stack_records = []
self.last_frame = -1 if self.mte_sync_line.match(line):
match = self.mte_sync_line.match(line)
self.mte_fault_address = int(match.group("address"), 16) if process_header:
print(process_header.group(1)) if signal_header:
print(signal_header.group(1)) if abort_message_header:
print(abort_message_header.group(1)) if register_header:
print(register_header.group(1)) if thread_header:
print(thread_header.group(1)) if dalvik_jni_thread_header:
print(dalvik_jni_thread_header.group(1)) if dalvik_native_thread_header:
print(dalvik_native_thread_header.group(1)) if revision_header:
print(revision_header.group(1)) if unreachable_header:
print(unreachable_header.group(1)) returnTrue
trace_line_dict = self.MatchTraceLine(line) if trace_line_dict isnotNone:
ret = True
frame = int(trace_line_dict["frame"])
code_addr = trace_line_dict["offset"]
area = trace_line_dict["dso"]
so_offset = trace_line_dict["so_offset"]
symbol_present = trace_line_dict["symbol_present"]
symbol_name = trace_line_dict["symbol_name"]
build_id = trace_line_dict["build_id"]
if frame <= self.last_frame and (self.trace_lines or self.value_lines):
self.PrintOutput(self.trace_lines, self.value_lines)
self.PrintDivider()
self.trace_lines = []
self.value_lines = []
self.last_frame = frame
if area == "<unknown>"or area == "[heap]"or area == "[stack]":
self.trace_lines.append((code_addr, "", area)) else: # If this is an apk, it usually means that there is actually # a shared so that was loaded directly out of it. In that case, # extract the shared library and the name of the shared library.
lib = None # The format of the map name: # Some.apk!libshared.so # or # Some.apk
lib_extracted = False if so_offset: # If it ends in apk, we are done.
apk = None if area.endswith(".apk"):
apk = area else:
index = area.rfind(".so!") if index != -1: # Sometimes we'll see something like: # #01 pc abcd libart.so!libart.so (offset 0x134000) # Remove everything after the ! and zero the offset value.
area = area[0:index + 3]
so_offset = 0 else:
index = area.rfind(".apk!") if index != -1:
apk = area[0:index + 4] if apk:
lib_name, lib = self.GetLibFromApk(apk, so_offset)
lib_extracted = lib != None else: # Sometimes we'll see something like: # #01 pc abcd libart.so!libart.so # Remove everything after the !.
index = area.rfind(".so!") if index != -1:
area = area[0:index + 3] ifnot lib:
lib = area
lib_name = None
ifnot lib_extracted: if build_id: # If we have the build_id, do a brute-force search of the symbols directory.
basename = os.path.basename(lib).split("!")[-1]
lib = self.GetLibraryByBuildId(symbol.SYMBOLS_DIR, basename, build_id) ifnot lib:
print("WARNING: Cannot find {} with build id {} in symbols directory."
.format(basename, build_id)) else: # When using atest, test paths are different between the out/ directory # and device. Apply fixups.
lib = self.GetLibPath(lib)
# If a calls b which further calls c and c is inlined to b, we want to # display "a -> b -> c" in the stack trace instead of just "a -> c"
info = symbol.SymbolInformation(lib, code_addr)
nest_count = len(info) - 1 for (source_symbol, source_location, symbol_with_offset) in info: ifnot source_symbol: if symbol_present:
source_symbol = symbol.CallCppFilt(symbol_name) else:
source_symbol = "<unknown>" ifnot symbol.VERBOSE:
source_symbol = symbol.FormatSymbolWithoutParameters(source_symbol)
symbol_with_offset = symbol.FormatSymbolWithoutParameters(symbol_with_offset) ifnot source_location:
source_location = area if lib_name:
source_location += "(" + lib_name + ")" if nest_count > 0:
nest_count = nest_count - 1
arrow = "v------>" ifnot symbol.ARCH_IS_32BIT:
arrow = "v-------------->"
self.trace_lines.append((arrow, source_symbol, source_location)) else: ifnot symbol_with_offset:
symbol_with_offset = source_symbol
self.trace_lines.append((code_addr, symbol_with_offset, source_location)) if self.code_line.match(line): # Code lines should be ignored. If this were exluded the 'code around' # sections would trigger value_line matches. return ret if self.value_line.match(line):
ret = True
match = self.value_line.match(line)
(unused_, addr, value, area, symbol_present, symbol_name) = match.groups() if area == "<unknown>"or area == "[heap]"or area == "[stack]"ornot area:
self.value_lines.append((addr, value, "", area)) else:
info = symbol.SymbolInformation(area, value)
(source_symbol, source_location, object_symbol_with_offset) = info.pop() # If there is no information, skip this. if source_symbol or source_location or object_symbol_with_offset: ifnot source_symbol: if symbol_present:
source_symbol = symbol.CallCppFilt(symbol_name) else:
source_symbol = "<unknown>" ifnot source_location:
source_location = area ifnot object_symbol_with_offset:
object_symbol_with_offset = source_symbol
self.value_lines.append((addr,
value,
object_symbol_with_offset,
source_location)) if self.mte_stack_record_line.match(line):
ret = True
match = self.mte_stack_record_line.match(line) if self.mte_fault_address isnotNone:
self.mte_stack_records.append(
(match.group("object"),
match.group("buildid"),
int(match.group("offset"), 16),
int(match.group("fp"), 16),
int(match.group("tag"), 16)))
return ret
class RegisterPatternTests(unittest.TestCase): def assert_register_matches(self, abi, example_crash, stupid_pattern):
tc = TraceConverter()
lines = example_crash.split('\n')
symbol.SetBitness(lines)
tc.UpdateBitnessRegexes() for line in lines:
tc.ProcessLine(line)
is_register = (re.search(stupid_pattern, line) isnotNone)
matched = (tc.register_line.search(line) isnotNone)
self.assertEqual(matched, is_register, line)
tc.PrintOutput(tc.trace_lines, tc.value_lines)
class LibmemunreachablePatternTests(unittest.TestCase): def test_libmemunreachable(self):
tc = TraceConverter()
lines = example_crashes.libmemunreachable.split('\n')
symbol.SetBitness(lines)
self.assertTrue(symbol.ARCH_IS_32BIT)
tc.UpdateBitnessRegexes()
header_lines = 0
trace_lines = 0 for line in lines:
tc.ProcessLine(line) if re.search(tc.unreachable_line, line) isnotNone:
header_lines += 1 if tc.MatchTraceLine(line) isnotNone:
trace_lines += 1
self.assertEqual(header_lines, 3)
self.assertEqual(trace_lines, 2)
tc.PrintOutput(tc.trace_lines, tc.value_lines)
class LongASANStackTests(unittest.TestCase): # Test that a long ASAN-style (non-padded frame numbers) stack trace is not split into two # when the frame number becomes two digits. This happened before as the frame number was # handled as a string and not converted to an integral. def test_long_asan_crash(self):
tc = TraceConverter()
lines = example_crashes.long_asan_crash.splitlines()
symbol.SetBitness(lines)
tc.UpdateBitnessRegexes() # Test by making sure trace_line_count is monotonically non-decreasing. If the stack trace # is split, a separator is printed and trace_lines is flushed.
trace_line_count = 0 for line in lines:
tc.ProcessLine(line)
self.assertLessEqual(trace_line_count, len(tc.trace_lines))
trace_line_count = len(tc.trace_lines) # The split happened at transition of frame #9 -> #10. Make sure we have parsed (and stored) # more than ten frames.
self.assertGreater(trace_line_count, 10)
tc.PrintOutput(tc.trace_lines, tc.value_lines)
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